University of South Carolina Libraries
E -EOPLES JOURNAL VOL 12.-NO. 10, PICKENS, S. C., THUJSDAY, APRIL , 102 ONE DOLLAR A YEAR WORLDS GREAT BENEFACTOR, THlE INVENTOR OF TIlE C"oTTON GIN. It Was H1olnics Not Whitney The ionor llelongs to ceorgii und Not Mussuculinsetts. Henry, P. Moore in Bunny South. The invention which produced the greatest revolution known to history in agriculture, in muanufactuies and in commerce was that of the cotton gin. The greatest stimulus to the world's progress was created by the cotton gin. England and the continent of Europe flourished under its influence as they had never flourished before; the wilds of America were transformed by it and a pathless wilderness became, as if by magic, fields of fruit ruliness, blooiiing gardens and populous cities that rival led the proudest capitals of the old world in wealth, power and iagnili. cence. The direct result of this siu ple machine was to rcn der acoiunodity hitherto but little utilized readily mer chantable and almost inl a twinkling it became king of the world's commerce an(] finance. Hence it becomes a very important question, who inventcd tihe cotton gin, and onc that has not re ceived the consideration from histo. rians that it deserves. The great Macaulay appreciated the marvelous results of the invention and expatiates at length uplon its benelicial ef'ects upon the civilization of his time. But he seems to have trcated with till wonted neglect its authorship, and ac cel)ted, contrary to his usual custom, the coninon version without investiga. tion. In all the histories of tihe United States that it has been my privilege to read, in all the historieb of Georgia, while noticing the fact that Whitiney's claim was contested for a period ex tending more than a generation, neith er the grounds for the litigation nor the circumstances attending nor tlhe name of the unsuccessful claimant, ap pear in their pages, and although Geor gia did not escape the charge of in gratitude in the doubtiful issue of tI le causes tried In this State, there is no defensc'set, up. Eli WVhitney, according to the best accounts obtainable, produced the first device for separating lint cotton f rom the seed. His machine pioved, after testing it, to be impractical. It con sisted of a cylinder into which annular rows ofspikes were driven, revolving so as to pIn the spikes through inter vais between wires which formed tihe breast of 'io gin. Eli Whitney was born at Westbor ough, Mass., December 8, 1705. Ile was a nailsmith by trade and during the revolutionary war, when nails were in demand and wages remunerative, he manage:l to save enough money to take him through Yale college. Gen eral Nathaniel Greene, prior to the war, had been an anchorsmith at Prov idence, and it is c111ie likely, in the light of subsequent events, tihat te two had been thrown together. At any rate, so it is related, as tile widow of (G4enieral Greene was returnimg from a visit to Providence, her old home, to Savann-ah, she chanced to meet on shipboard young Whitney, who, ostensibiy, was coming to Georgia to enter a private family as tutor. Ile also proposed, it is sai., to employ his spare tinie in studying law. Ucr g disapointed in his expected enigagemenit, lie acceptedl the invitation of Mrs. Greene to ac-. comp~any her t~o her iantation-Mul-| berry grove, a few miles up thle S vannlah river. Tlhe plroduction of cotton was then ill its iinfancy. Tihere was no way of separating the lint, from the seedl ex cept b~y hand, whlich was a very tcdlioulsI p)rocess. A good day's task for a ne gro was '1 pounds of lint, cottonl. Un der these circumstances it i~s obvious cotton growing could not be ver~y Iu crative. Ihenec it was not engaged in extensively. About this time Colonel Itobert For sythm~the fathber of ,1lhn Forsythe, the niotedl iiatesman~, iil Majors Il'end! toil and Brewer, comuradles of (Gencd Greene who resided at Augusta, calleud t'o pay their respects to Mrs. Greene, anld (luring thle course of conversation tile fact was mentioned thlat ailf'I ture would be very prolitable a somne one WOuIld invent ia maichine for cleani ing cotton. Thus thle metter was brought to Wluitney's attent. Subhsequlently Mrs. Glrereic married IPhineas Miller, and they, accomlpamed~u by WVhitney, moved to .ugusta, where Miller and WVhitney associated w ithi thenm Captain .James T1oole, the firmu becoming Miller, Vhitney & 'Toole. They p)urchlasedl hvo tracts of~ land oni Rtocky creek, is 1l ichmond County, fromi Thonias aied Mary Glascock, Sep tember 23, 1s)7, now knowni as the P hinizy place, nnd established their gin factory. A paftent, had1( been issued to Ei' Whjituey March 14, 17 il, signed by GleorgeNa'lshingtonl, P residenit ; 10l mund11( Iaidl~ph, Secretary of State, and WVipm liradflord, Acttorney Gen eral. iubsequently Whlitney returned to ('ynnecticut, leaving his partner, MIijr, to look after his interests in the' Southi, while hc established the ynitney Arms Co., at, Whiitneyville, Ionln. Toole seemed to have dhrolped out of tbe concern, for we hieiar no more about him. Whitney died at New Hanven January 8, J1825, leaving a large estate. A hands~lfomel monunenlt, wvas crectedl to hisu memory, which was uin. veiledl with elahorate exclises, thel dlistiniginshedl U nitedl Slatecs 8enato', Charles Sumner, dleliverinig thie-elogy, Ilodgen lohes, the inventor of thc saw gin, the same that is in use at the present (day, anid for which 110 subl) stitute has ever been found, was Scotchman by birth, but whien guit young lhe went with hlis father to hivi at. Cork, Irnlan(I, when thn nlhIn llolmes acquired a bleach-greeni al engaged in the manufacture of line tobert Holmes wished Ilodgen marry controry to his incinations, co sequently he left home and Bet out f4 the New Woi I. Ile finally settled Augusta, where lie purchased fro Thomas and Ann (umnuing one acre land in the city fronting on Iteynold Houston and Bay streets, March 2 180.1, as shown by the records of Ric: mond County. His will, duly attest< and recorded, shows that lie also owi ed several pieces of country properi and somec, negroes. Ile married Eliz; beth Iill, of Columbia County, (orgi; Ile died in 1804 , leaving a widow an one daughter, Margaret. McCleai Holmes, who married Dr. Williar Cloud, cf Chester, S. C. From thi marriage there sprang the following Mrs. J. It. Aiken, Mrs. Samuel Di base, Mrs. Elis Earle, Mrs. I. j Boyleston, Mrs. William Calhour Miss E. it. Cloud-names that wil be recognized as among the mos prominent in that aristocratic Statt Mr. John Iill, of Macon, brother o Mrs. ilodgen Holmes, was the grand father of Airs. Senator A. 0. Bacon. On May 12, 170, letters patent wer issued to llotigen Ifolmes, signed b; George W1a1lungton, President; Tiio thy 'ickering, Secretary of State, anm Charles Lee, Attorney General, "for i new and useful improvement, to-wit ew machineiy called'thd cotton gill.' Tle improvement consisted of " tli cylinder, from 8 to 1-f inches in dianie ter, alld 6 feet lon, with onc row o tecth to 1 inch, which runs oil tw( "d'eolns etc. It was attested b' V. Urquhart and Scaborn .Jones, bol well-known citizens of 1 lchmon< County, promitient in the Revolution ary period, and men whose numerou descendants btandi high in the affairE of the State to this day. This patent i still in C::istenec and is in the posse's sion of Mrs. S. A. Doylest.m. Ilodgen Iolmes, having received li early training in his father's linen I'ac tory, it is but nattural that he shoul have acquired a taste for textile man ufacturing, anil that the knowledge ac (juired from the manipulatlon of tin liber or flax should have suggested tin idea of the saw gi, tihe maclinie which fullilled the South's greatest retin:rc ment. It is equally natural that W nit ney, schooled im the calling of nakim nails for a livelihmo d, sh'ould havo hi upon the device of spikes driven il the cylinder instead of teeth or revolv img SaWs. The patent oflice at Washington wa: destroyed by lire in 1836 and all th1 models an 1 diawings lost, including Whituey's. But for it certified copy o the original specification on file at thl tnited States court house in Savan 111111, there would be 1.0 data concern ing themi in existence. The pateni ollice authorities appropriatled $100, 000 toward the recovery of the origi nals, but failed to obtain Whitney's It, in 18-11 there was filed, ilstead an entire!y different set of specifica tions, difTering completely from th original and shiowiig tihe colillellt, workings of at saw gin. The draughit$ man that executed the substitute( copy was evidently ignorant, of tlh modus operandi of the gin for lie pu the crank o1 the brush shaft, instea of the cylinder shaft. There were twenty-seven suit brought by Miller and Whitney in thi Unlit~ed States court at, Savannah fo: in frilngemenit, of patenlt,, in most o which they were unsuccessful. Amon, the defendants arc found the failmha names in the early histoiy of Georgia Ignatius Few and William Few, Ai thur Fort, and .John Powell. Ilohne was not a p)arty to any of the litigr Lion, all hou1gh a certified copy of hi patent was introduced as evidence and1( what the defense mainily relic upfoni was1 the fact, that Iholmes, nc Wlutney, invenitedl the saw "in. Whil ney wrote from New I Iaycn to ,iosita Stebbins, asking his dlepositionis to th effect, that fourtecen. years blefore '' h (Whitney) repeatedly toli him that hi originally contemplated mlaking whole row of teeth from one pilate C piece of sheet iron.'' W fhitney writc in the-same letter: . " I have a set, the most, dlepravedh villians to comba and~ I might as wvell go to hll in scorem of happiness as appjly to a G eorg court for justice." WV. B3. Scabrook, president of t~l South Carolina Agricultural Society,i a wvork onl cottonl, puiblishied in 1sf sp~eaks of a Ilohmnes saw giln used by3 Ca tailn ,James Kincaid on Miill creek, ne(1 WVinnisboro, Fairfield County, Sou Carolina, in 1 7tf5, and says "' it is r* ported to have been the first saw gi used in that State.'' It is related tih Ilmes and1 Kmaicaid were fast friend bo0th being Scotchimen by birth. ( one~ occai~on Kincaid chanced to vis l lamburg, olpOpite1 Augusta, whore tradIed, and1( where lhe met, IIoilm<( llolmes mdullced himi to take his g home1) with him1 and test its merits ai at theme 1,ime cati mitoniinlg him lie careful lest the secret of the nr chianiism he discovered and uitili ed othbers. When thie gmn was set up K in)caid's mlill and11 tested it, was fo0u to work saLtisfac.toilily. Shortly af wards K incat h iall busiinless in (Ch lestoni and~ left, the miiill key wifh Ii wife with the inijunlct ion to let no0 0 enter It. (h)n his return, to his gri conisterniationi, lhe learnmed thait, a you mani on hiorschack had asked for a1 obtained pcrmissioni to inispect the ni andl had( spenlt some1 time iln(X11 xaill the new macline. 11(c relized stantly that the young miani was other than Eli Whiitecy and that damage wrought, up)on hiimself and1( friend was irreparable. T1hie old mill , alnd with it thme 'ill destroyed in 18(15 by Shelrman's arm Th'fe shnm ft of the~ giln was senit to -conn to he nyhihits ,at te fist S Id fair held after the war, and was in n. some way lost. to There is a story told of Whitney's a- gin Uhat emanates from Wilkes Coun >r ty, Georgia, amid which bais a strik. n lingr esemblance to the foregoing, li in 1793 lhineas Miller purchased a plan >f tation on Upton creek, nine miles south , east fron Vashington, on which there ), in a line water power, and aet up one i- of the Whitney gins. Many witnesses d Iwere attracted thither to witness the i- )erformance of the wonderful ma Y chille, b(it only women Were admitted, - as a patent had not been granted. t. Nathan L yon donned a suit of his (I wife's8 clothes, grained admlittanel and y being a tolerably fair mechanic, con n structed a ginl on the saie principles 1 as Whitney's. Miller did at one time own the lIarnett place on Upton creek on which he operated a gin, but the latter part of the story of Lyons' dis lguising as a Womiai, etc., appear to be I apocryphal inasmuch as there is no t allusion in Illy of tile corresponidence . or court records to aiy such occur f rence. The story about some one - breaking iinto Whitiey's gin sOlips and stealing his models seenis equally with out f oundal.ion Ior same Ieaisoi. As to the oft-repeated charge that . Whitney was badly treated at the I South, and especially so by (G Corgia, let us, inl. good conscience, see what foundation exists for the allegation . Wliitney soll his patelt right, to tie1 State of Sot1h Carolina for ;5)11,000 ; from North Carolina and Teniiessee lie recived about :;0,0( and .-10,- 1 000, respectvely, through arralnge- I ,lments imaic with the governments of those States, making a total of .i90, I 00o which lie made from the invention in a few years and carried North with him. l1e came South wit hout a dollar. In Georgia Miller and Whitney re- i served tle right of property in their i gill, at first receiving two-thirds of the net proceeds, the expcuse being divid ed equally between the patentee and the ginners. But, as Governor .lames .Jacksoni *ays inl a message to the (Gor- I gl L hcgislature, November :3, 18m, they found a defect iu the law under 1 which their patent was obtained anid consequently they determinied to sell the machinery together with their rights vested i them for $500 cach, and for a license to build and operate one at the ginner's expense, they charge- :100. Jiut finding that tle law was generally understood and that they could obtain uo redress in the courts they concluded to reduce tle price to $200. Governor ,1ackson fur thur says :" I am informed from other sources that gins have been erected by qther person who have not taken Miller and Whitney's machine for a modlel, but which in some small I degree resembles it, and ill improve enitcs far- surpass it, for it has bben asseited that Alder and Whitney's didI not on trial answer the intended piur pose ; the rights of these improve ments, however, it appears by. the present act, meiged in tle rights of the patentees, who it is supposed, on tle lowest calculation, will make by it ill the two States (Georgia aind South Carolina) $100,000.'" The act referred to was passed by Congress, doubtless, for the special purpose of shutting out. Holmes' claim and establishing Whit. niCy'a rights to the use of the saw cylin (er instead of the spike cylinder s which lie invented. This accounts for Sllolmes iniot engaging in Iitigation. II is claim had been ouitlawedl by spi fcial legi'slation aind it,.would( have been fruitless. r' Ni) woiider that liolmies died a heart-brokemi, miortilied and hit erly dlisappoinlted man. I Ic had1 lived to~ a see (lie fruits of his toil and genius enatchied from him amid converted t~o another's uses, Ile had lived to see Is wvonderful inveiition revolutiomv. Iinz (lie world, buit, all the honor, the t- glory and1( the emioluiimnts given to - his hlated ivial. II is name should a pear high up oii the roll of famie to (c gelbher with Watts, F~ulton, Arkwright, ei I)raper, Mairconi and all (lie great, ini e~ veultors n bio have contributecd to science aL and iiech- tic arts, thuns p)romioting (lie 'r worl's progress, for lie bestowed upon01 i ankimd (lie inestimabile ble::iigs of 'Iia epochal laboi -saving dlevice, simiple, rt but (lie more uisel biecauise of its sim hi plicity. An hiiIis seryices to G;eorgia a~ were eveii more direct a 141 beneficial t.han to thei worlid at large, for (lhe im eo mediate el'heet, of his invent ion was to ni irustrate (lie decsignms of AMiller andi V, Whitney, who hlad determiined t Qmno p- nopoh ze (lie gmning ini this State anit rr- were prevenitedl fromi carrying out their hl odious scheme by (lie pirolonged, conI C- t~lmuouls and uinaainig lawsuits that ni ens~ued as a result, of the attempit. it, The hoiior of the wvorhd's renowned s, invent(ion shiouldt be accredlited to i (ieorgia andi not to Alassachlusetts. it, The ashes of I lodgeniI lines repose ic in an unikiiown grave ini the city of s. Augusta. "il Twety-four heirs striving for (lie to p~roperty of a deceased relative, ini New 0- York State, found that, thie estate, Y lien settled, wias worth ius, andi each " in time reciivedll :: 1- :; cenits. no The Woi i' s Greatest at """"""""" nU Cure for lalfaria X hill a ,Fte all formns of MalarIal poisOn..U . h'n Lake .Johnmton's Chill an dlPever Ill- 'fonic. A ta it of Ma ululriai puoion 110 iin y( ir loodii mensi midsery an h.it alariail poisonin g. 'rho antiilgoto hs for IL In JOHNSON*S TONIC. ICosts 50 Cents If It Cures. di A WARNING TO DEMOCRATS. c "'Tils 3lAN ON IIORSICBACK." a ArbitrnrV I 'wer the It utor ai( t ti A hlighty I)l a- ti l Trade all Mlark. w b 11l. I lnry Wattersion, editer of the of Louisville Courier-.Journal, 11111( e a il speech several nighits ago before the Ili Virginia I)emocratic club at the Metro. w politan hotel inl Waslhingtoii, ). (., th i1u(d spoke as follows: at ", There is no drop of blood inl my d1 veins which is not Virginia blood. Al- N though for purposes of imly owi, having w I deep design beneath them, I chose cr his capital of the nation for my birth- il Alace, lly earliest Vision of Paradise It] ie very datwi of all my conceptions e. A* honor and duty anid glory- -nest led mion1g yoditer hills acC8 the il 'oto. uIe; and wheni I go hence, ily ashes S ;1hall repose upon the host lli of Kell. uicky--Virginia's lirst born an1d fiairest laughter. There seenms, therefore, 101i litless in my sittmlg amn ouVl . A tA nyhow, being a I.eit uckian 'and L Democrat, I am1 glad to be here ;ml 'I miu will not, I hope, think Ime 11s11-11 g aliy consequeitial irs and grIn-es, fI achd that I feel very muchl aII hine. " We are Democrats. We love oulr I oIltrv. Our hearts beat true to its huii lstitliiols. We woni reseel tle tii 0VerIlelnt from the hands of tlose el vio arc converting it into a gov-erin- p nent of the trust , for the triusts and )y thlie trusts, and restore it to the t ilnnds of those who will have some re- vyv ,ard for tle rights of the people. V st The liepuiblicanl party. 1.4 a syndli ated party. Arbitraiy power is its 2 niotor, the( athlmi.ghty dollar1 its trade tiark. If it be not checked in tte gait to t is oing, it will in the end surely W; tlexicanize the republic. en "4 ()nce again in the White Ilouse ( ve have the iman on horseback. Af m; ecting the simplicitly of Lte cowboy, T\I e conceaIs beneath thie. self-cofidence ii lid Eileer mallners of the brolcho .uister, the senitilmw'its and aillbitionls, eI I not the talents, of a )iaz. To him, IM little tliiig like treating anl adilliratl a >f th - navy, wearing04 the lailrel leaves tl )f imperishable relowil, as if lie weie of t bbIlly in at1 Im1s, now to be dawdled V nd now to be spanked, is merely an fe idress aflair beguin and ended dlur- te ng ofl-moments between brea!fast fr md luncheon. To him the reprimand- - ng of tie lioufenan-generat of the m irmny, grown1 gray in the tighting of the it )attles of his Conlltry becomes nll amu1,1s8- ki ig horse play, meant to relax Lis el 1u1scles and illustrate his high-migh ti. nes5, whilst warning lesser otlicers of in he army to obey orders an11d say noth- I " As these tiings go forward, par akiug somewhat of the character of eats to divert and blinds to hoodwink mblic opinlion,1 at htil Ifl army11 re )rgli ,lZl~~ 1 5.1 - ,L >rganlization ik prepared and urg-ed p)i (Colges,r'-U i which it it becomes a aw, will make the power of the l'resi- vi lent ab3olu1te, a'd which it is not1 too nuch to say ought to be entitled ' An ol tet to make the 'resident of the ited k itates a iilitary dictator.' Iecause ,he reprimanded liitenant-genieral mswering the summons of a conitt ee >f Congress-as was his duty ex )rcsse an opinion adverse to thlis bill It is proposed to retire him from ihe scryice0. Ta'Iken illn conctionI with some1 othler malltt~rs of more 0or less iniister suggestion, these are menailces to tile capitol ,land look at thle lIcpubli :ans ill Coiigress. Tbhc trail oif the trade martik is over the lleui. Ol)d hiighI Lariff C danices the canl-can ill the 110118e a whilst 01ld ship sub1 sidty does the regu- u U thing for tthe sylihi it es. Notitung for" theo peole. Aml, 11ot conitcnt, withc their arbitrar'y poweV(r ill the W' inito Ilouse and1( thelir mcenar111y power' in" Conigress, thle leaders of this party of lFederaIlisml andl false pretens5ion wlIuhl r'ip open1 1l'andtora's box to lilch thence thel black , piratllical flag of neogro (dom) ina~tionl- -the ciqlultly disrepiutable atul blloody sthirt, oh sectional algitaitioni 11md, il ord~er to mai~ke sulre 01' tie next 11louse they are plrotposing0 to briniig for wardl anhothe(r l"orce hill to smiute theg Sotiih, t~o blight the North , and to con1 vert aI 12a1) Leeminag wvitii love ndl pceul inIt~o a lai reekm l wiiiiithatea and11 stritf. .Such is the bain~et to) which thie exit of AlcI(miley, the staltes n11m, and th11 le ad(1vent, of I loosevel t,, the llou)lgh I ideor, ha~s iulvi tell us8. " 1 am11 somlethlinlg of a jinlgo mnyselfC. I a Ibeiev'e ini thle expam11Iihng gr'eatlness V and1( glory of liy comit11ry. I never' see the 11lag f12lug abo)0ve tile dom111 on yonlder caIpitol tha~t iiy heartt dhoes not ' Lthrloh withi the prloudl, gild tlhough1t tha~t, my1 eyes do0 not, 1i11 with huappjy ex- 1 cani I'/ciize. "' ( odl bless thle lag, anud ( sod bless ' thlie boys thait tight b eneathli it. I wroublI ' carrfy it illviolate, and1( I woublI keep 11hem1 spotless. A lil with this inl view, I wa~dt to kniow what is goinig on1 aiwayV out. yonder across thle mu tlt i twhot 111, the mlysterious waves of the 1'acilic(1 sea., 1 wanlt other witnesses thanti( self see0k ing pol i telanls and1( self-exploiting soldiers to comle here ami1( tell me.( J refuse Lti ol mny tonigue, I retfuse to) rest contentot. Andil, if I am told by a w hi ipp ersnapperICI ill shouler0 straps coiunltry'~, iiy replly to him ha 1111l e a sa il tile fac0. " 'riends(1, brot huers, I )emocrats, let us h~I ave d~onie wVit issension101. 1 't ius turn ill bac' iks oni the ipast, ouri eyes t.o till fut 11re, callinug aigainst 'thlese things is mhy comr11ade, 110 maitter whlat ho thiinks or' ever thloughit about silver 01' gold. II who wIould (deny me a pla5ce by Is side to lighlt themi miuist be eithe. vervy nerlvere or very blind. Let n18 ross no bridges till we come to them, ut Ilrea(y we can see far enougi icad to take our reckoning. " There will be but one test of a emocrat in 1i0- -toe the line- -to( '0 line, saying to arbitrary Power and )Solutism, thou shalt go no fuirthler; 0, too, are inl the expansion hiisness it our expansion is for the religioil the consititutioni no less than for to religion of Christ and Ilim cruci ld; ir expalnsion means apece, not r; the honor, not, the degradationi of e ag; and just as surely as ,Jeffer in wrote the Dleclaration of Indepen mee an1d .11kson f.ouliglt the battle of ew Orleans to resist despotism shall u maike a new I'ourthi of .iul ati lebrate anIot ter fighth of . ianary resistintg this tinrighteous scheme abolli thIe constitltion aiti Mxi nize the goverlnme1t.' rRANGE AND STARTLING STORIES. N 1;N iS:\A 1 COI NC I I)CNCIC V0 Wmolk-en Will) 11,n4 Pase, I Mlstrried Icmit in Ne-w Yoik incl VirgininI. )ne of the strangest coincideciees in mam life took plate last week when iewspaIpers atnnouniced the dis very of the fact that i person slp 5(3d to be a married man in New rk proved to be a wo nian when dead, 1 at, tle same Lilie just such a re lationi was made about a woman in igilnia. A person who was known in Canai igua, N. Y., for live yieairs as William lowa rd diedc suddeily, an1(d finl au1i py showed thiat, the supposed man N a woman. It Howard, who was ktloyed 14 ' ft-Ill afrm lu(, went, to .adlaigua l five years ago 'with ia wo inl, Iwho Vas I'nown as Mrs. lloward. vo chiIrei lwer e borin to tle sup sed wife. h'lle deldl woman worked for flrmii . inl tle eig111horhood, anl those >st intimately 111iuinted with the iily never had the slightest suspicion A she was not a mani . The cause lie woman's death is a mystery. On cdnesday night, she took two tablets r a throat afltction, anid was dead in n minutes. 'hle Imledicile was sen t, m Wellsville, N. V., where relativ es side. Thei authorities are completely ystieied Is to al! matters toluching ion the womani 's life. They (to not iow her right name. Two ien, tiiing to be half-brothers, attieided e funeral, but refused to divulIge any formation. Ani inquest was to be Id, and soeilO h glt Ialy be thrown >on1 I Ie stranige c*.13re. The little mIanufacturiig town of LtricI., across the river' from I'eters uig. Va., was tile scenle of the other ra'ige a.(ni mysterious occurrence, here George (ireen, a citizei knowi ( very imaii, wOnnui11i and chlub inl the itiy ts at 1m, turned out to be i 111111. He was seventy-two) years (, ad141 for forty-one years 111d been Iown to lie world a4 Ohe hilsbilild (if airy (reen, and he had-,11.0 mingled wit'h ell, conisiluied a iman's ch)ily ration of hacco, aul Worn hoots, trouisers, s1s -,nders, an11d al the akppiarel of a m:n11. he womali vhio was deceived siito arr'ymlg an~othier womnan , hel ieviing 3r to be ai manl , sacri iced the best5 airs of her Ii Fe rat her than1 ( diulgt 34 s'cre1t wh.'ic t(he I 3obiject, oif her af. tion b015teggec ie r toi keep un3know: Ithle woirld. It Lwas a liathbet ic scene1( to see the deC JL~id womi~iatI weeping3 by the formi o er loved onie who in life was kno1(w Sher husband313(, GeCorge Grteen. h-'o nrty- live yoar's Mr s. G reeni bas carrieI 1p11 1her he art the secriet and( I n3ee yen b~y inltimiation madle known the ect thiat, one( whom 81he mar13riedt for an was1 a1 wVoman111. Andl this secrect ohl halve been buried with the( form III no(t stranigers behien (ca111ed( to pierfor m1 ot last (llices for the dead35. Mr's, reenii deply deploiI~res the( fact tha3t1 3r sorrow(iI has beenl exploite (beI (for( WVheni asked wvhy idhe d id nlot prepare1 I body for 11m3rial , he( sa1id she ( stru1g. ed w ith hiersel1Ff for aii time, liut conlhl t. galther coutlrage~ to prepare13' the bodiyi one( 811( loved (o decarly. and1( thal ter the men had1311 o tfered thiejirS '. servce IC ne(ceplte(d them an hul turned~ t he b13 ver to be1 att(lede by themIi. '' A ftler a courtip j, e3xtenllihng o3v(3 few moniithus,'' shle sa11, "' ( :(or3gI reen~i ami( I, theni Mris. Mariuy liitil (ems1 ago4, theO ceremonyfl', bling p1er3 irmied1 a1(cor~lhng to the Cathiolic fai thI SFew dlays afte3r the( marr1'ig(, ( lrec1 ')lh iI me( hewas noct a1 man~l and iml 1lored11( me not. to <h vilge the fact, hu v(e with him and114 lot each3l he a help11 tI hie (other33. When(1 the ( se3ct wats re( (caI(e( to 1me4 1 was almos~it oIvercom34 vith1 astoniishmrnentI, but promiised (irce lhat, hiis retl iu(est w(3d be I grante~'1i an 31 inie( that tlino3 we I ave3 livedl togeth< .1 bro'ther1 :and( sist(3r."' AIrs. ( lr((en wepjt, bitterly when sh e(31lec(ted( that the t wo(r1bI 3ow know lie se3cre(t shie hald 5(3 lon~g guiarde3 '1.. has been33 the sacr3iilee( oF my life, he( said, " bucit 1 I3 bliev(e 1 am hiapp iow for t1( he sacrilice."' She speaks or33 com11pan3in'5 memo11ry as8 tender 1s Onily a1 womnii (can3 speak (IF a lov 2nc. Standin1 g 1by the hier, she plae1( hier hand upon1 G;reeni's .brdsw anid Ha "11 am niot alfraidl to put my haind hum, ie waIs the1( nobiles(t 0ou1 tl: (ver Ii ved(. IIe ha3s worked h through his life, and3( hias been1111 al I h to (c11eer me1(. No 1man, (enn1 say lie ev wroniged him, ie was a Christi, and1( 1 belicyc lie is now with Chrisi Ihere the womain broke down. coutld 81peak no further, aind tun awaly. Weening as if tier heart wmm The World's Grt lor all forms of fever take .J()I It is 100 times holler thait quinli u1ne caniiot do inl 10 days. it's i fooble cures made by quinine. COSTS 50 1 break. She is a large woman with in1 gent, refined feattiiies, and no 1m1or fecting sicene vis ever witnessedI I her weeping at the coli, deml-I fori the wollianl whonii the world knelv her hiusibatul. (Groeen at lay 111oc with imen anid engaged in pursuits civersiolis coillion to thei. MimoketI, but neldom chowetI, and not achhleteel to (1rm1k. Mr. (rCeenll was askeI if her I han11d had Itl av worn 1111l appa She promptly responded, 11 Yes, Ivlen isked if hulianu Cold her 11C said it WaIt 11a matter they In discu118ssed, and thilaL o wird refer to the fact was eve spokeil 1. tiemii alter he revealed to her the 1r She said that afte. she founil she been deceived she con sitered it OII affair and therefore, m4t known to no 011, hearin g all her row alone. She wonld 'not. w1oni for the world and after pledginhg hl kept sacred ly the pledge. The membeirs of the faiily Ii here with ( Ireen did not know (ruti, ntor would they believe it wV they were told that their " ' (eorge "1 Wias aI Wonan. Air. ,1 Aforiarity, her niece, wlho Iwas I after the death 01 Ier father, raised by her, and looked to her father. (reen, dIirinlg her illi See1ned IiCrable when her coipair was not present, and the woImianl I ilosit over'one Iitl latigui(e from IN ing at the b. d14ide. (; re'Un ha wi all the property to AIirs. (reeni, wI sIe s1y. eOiisi~t maIIIiI' or 'I Ia ai plailationi near laeighi, N. ('. ''hiosie who at fir'st- 1sridI, I pity the woiani, aid recogn ize n0ob1lity of the eharacter Alc 1111 1 4 iml carryng unitold a lirriw, becam gave happiniesi to alithlier. lier1 eo is Cet Molelided by every ole low, tRhose who dlI .ed t ffer sulggest agamilit hier, are repentanIt. The hi. indeed, one that cannot he 'it) by aiy to whos4e notice it has ei 1lhysiciansm fall to give coielnive planaitioli. ( )II Ihysiciani, howe Vho4 has been interested inl the detrihed it t a on1e ill which the wo had t(e ensibihuei (if a m1iani1. lit leves that whatever there ii ni. u in expressions (f IftIeatlres Is to lio faet of ibitual aissocial. with men and the mlental aittitml( the persion who assimles the role manRI. It i.4 a Case theU study o)f w' aiilnyl are interested 11, aniid a r stifct1oty explanat ion of this. rIM able sensa8ttion mII le Ifourii outi h long. CASTOR I For Infants and Children. The KiNd You Have Alwys Bol Bears the - ISignature g ~THE YOUNGBLO LUMBER COMPA OPvieE AN)) Woilxi, Nori A liiiIwrIA EOors4, Ijaih, lncts aunt Bull Hard ware. P'LOOfING, SID)ING, CJNf LING I NStI)1 DI IN!S[H ING LIJM Im TN (INOIIGIA l'INN. All Corresponidee giveni prompl Middle-Man's Prof The11 Mel 'hil~ l'iano or liindergai Organ dIrect, to tib buyer from Itory. WriVllto me I you ih to b81A)h O)gan or l'hint), for. eican save money1i~. I travelI Saumth (Ca-ol ina, woulId he pleasedi to callI and shiow liy Planois anti O rgan8. A positail will bring m1 LI) you. L. A. McCOR~D, 1 ' ut1, - - Souith (Car< So.h00 Graduiales. IReceivyen from I Iphieahtions daily for booikkeepierst an r lntgraphemrs. Ilool'.keepingi Shorl Tle~graphy taught. ID-fers. 10 All buisinesus meni and balikers. W.rite f< I'loue Address A. C. imlwt'oi, Sor L.lW, A ILNOI,D, Vice- l'rns.. A hiun I. - ______________ ivy M.MAUL~DIN, at Allorney aIt Law. d Pickens. S. C, ii: at erMONEY TO LO] Im 1sionsi charged. Borrower p ayi lie cust of perfectingi loani. For ii110 edIwrito I| JNO, It. P'AL~MEgit& ,atest Fever Medicine. INNON'S (IilTars and V11I.VER 'ONIC. te and does in a siniglo day what slow u 31slendid cures are inl strikingcontrast to The CENTS'.IF IT CURES. How the Fariter Can Save Money Lelli 1117- o Ih i ditor of T e People'sJournal: 1.11 lie following comuiitnication issued 11 oby the Assistant Agriculturist of Ulen Bett son Agricultural college is of so much ited value to the farmers of this State on ac anlid count of the present high price of all slhe feed products for farm animals and w s stock, that I have determined to got you to publish this as an advertisemnt for u hich our compatywillhcar thr - As some of the products ma u i . - the ration ats made by Mr. Conno - ay I is not be available to various planters, I ver suggest that any planter write to Mr. 'Cng Connor and state what food products Voet are available to him, both rough forage ith and coneitrated food, and Mr. Connor will take pleasuie In makin up a ration h o iuit, his need" as he has done In this it Yours trul hii General Manager The Bouthern Cotton -slf oiI Company. ,in. Cheap Rations for Horses and the Mules, lien iit I o Hd iI or ol i The Pleolple's Journal ohl Farmers from various aection s of the )Orn1 State have been writing asking about the advisability of feeding horses and Cmules oil cotton see( meal and hulls and 1 also aisking for a cheaper ration than e.4, corn. 1lon1 The following prices are given in a i iI- letter from Scranton, 8. U. : Corn, $40 mt.. per ton; oats, $.5 per ton: wheat bran, lied $25 per ton; cotton seed meal, $25 per ich ton; rice meal, $22 per ton. Of course Ic0ornl a11(1 oats are out of the question as a food for hi(orse's an1(d 1uules at the above priCe, Ho sohinctlig cheaper must be loW looked for. the The analysis showH thit rice meal has >w 11 abouIt the saime coltosition as corn ineal ke it and we have found that it Is juist as good Itrse for feeding pigs. We have fed it to ai,41 lirses with good resilts. I think we riei safre in Rk) ing that it may be used in ins p11a(e of corn pound for loiunid. (115CS I f no hay or fodder is used in the m ration in di hulls are resorted to as rough n. ness some nitrogenous food suich as bran -x- or cotton seed mteal must, he used to ver, supply proteini. lulis may be fed witl ase out any ftirther fear of i nju ry to the ani anmal. Should they refuse to eat the hulls a little corn meal or bran sprinkled over the surrface will tempt them. A good cheap rationi may be made up t~eas follows: 1011 Si X poids of rico costing G.fl oentu; le 01' four pounds tIof wheat bran costing 6.0 Of n cents; two iou of cotton seed ieal, hith ctii iig 2 5 cents ; ten pounds of Cotton Ht)r d 1e .hulls, Costing 1.0 cents ; total cost of ratioi per lly 17.1. Ihe above is for a horse or mulo of 1,000 poun ds in live weight. It is evident that a ration illade up of corn and fodder ai(n conitainling the same amount of digestible matter as the above SIT tioll would cotst much more than the above. The North Ca: olina ex periment station hils fed cottol seed meal and hulls to horses with good results, hut the x )cri b ments alolg this line have not ben Ox te'sive e(iougli to say that cotton seed ipmeall can be fed inl ul21 im ited qIuantities .(M fto - any length of timie w ithout, injury to the aiinial. ""-- Numbers of farmers, however, have rlported that they have fedl cotton seed O09 meal to iiutles and10 hiorses witih good resillts. [NY U. M. CoNNI~u, ..... Aost. Agrmi't. '. C. F',xperiimental t3ta tion. -~: STOP AN~i Anid let 11s show you OurC newV Spring lines r tenm 'y OXFORDS, you Strap Sandalds, and Co. IlintI loinl Slippers, in all IlthIers and( lasts. PCride & Patton. Nhttloay ii i hor A Ni )asotN--Se~coiid lInhl nI'biay yotit ~ n ta li 1 n o anld the fourtih Slo A~iisuii~.''lirol Mondlay in Feobruary, Nh 'siottil n 11no ut firs nduay W~fttr 1 ,A ---eoondi Moiiday in Marc1 No co th secondl Mondal~y after thie foutrthl Mon actual li ii Juneit, anti the six th Monilly after rmation ti o ourth Monditay in Stembeiil~r. ON n ritro nnily >11 a iaarch, third , .'.N hoiiii lftrt ftuh Monda i oOIy nl June, and