University of South Carolina Libraries
THE FREE CITIZEN "PUBLISHED AT ORANCEBURG, S. C. E. A. WEBSTER, - - - Editor. Av WEBSTER, PUBLISHER. T15RMS : ON? Corr, ONE YEAR, - - - ?2.00 Invariably in Advance. ADI! I will como 'A ear" td you to judgement* ?nd I will be a swift witness against the sorcer ers, acd ngnhfst the adulterers, and against fatso swearers, and against those that op pr??s Ure hireling in lus wages, the widow und tifo fatherless, nnd that turn aside thc stranger from his right, and fear not me, saith thc Lord of Hosts.-MALACHI, HI, 6. NOTICE. We are not responsible for tho views cf our Correspondents. Advertisements to ho inserted In thc CITIZEN munt be received by Thursday evening. Advertisements inserted at One Dollar per inch, for thc first insertion. Further terms cnn be had on application to the Editor or rubl'e-.nor. Communications on matters of State or Local interest, respectfully solicited. All orders for Job Flinting loft at '.nls office will receive prompt attention. Agor.ts and Correspondents WAnted In all Towns of tho Counlv. SATURDAY, APrtIL 10,1875. Newspaper Law. "We invito attention to the law con cerning newspapers : 1; Subscribers who do not give ex press notice to the contrary are con sidered as wishing lo continue their subscription. 2. If subscribers wish their paper! discontinued publishers may continue j to send them until all charges arc paid. 3. If subscribers neglect or refuse j to take their papers from thc ollices j or places to which they arc sent, they j are held responsible until they sollie their bill and give notice to discon tinue them.' <i. If subscribers move to other places, without informing tili publish er, and the paper is sent to the for mer direction, they arc held respon sible. Notice should always be given of removal, 5". The Courts hara decided that refusing to take a paper or periodical from the olliec,^or . removing and leaving it uncalled for, is prima facie evidence ns intentional fraud. Falso Insinuations in Regard to the Agricultural College. Tlie editor of the Orangeburg Nexus dna" Times says : "Wc have been requested to ask Mr. "Webster, Secretary of the S. C. Ag ric vii lu val College to publish an Account of' the expenditures' of' the twenty-five thousand dollars' of the people's money collected as interest on State Agricultural Bonds." The above contains Afc* untruth ful insinuation. The sum mentioned, nor half of it, has never been pail! by the people to meet an honest debt due this institution. On the Agricul tural College farm, authorized by the Legislature of our State to be pur chased for this institution, the secre tary has been obliged to advance, of iris own private funds and that bor r?wedtrowrfriendB, over six thousand dollars, to prevent the foreclosure of a mortgage held' against it lor thc i purchase money. Moro than this, many of the trustees of the college have been to the expense*- for over two years, of attending the meetings of the board, and doing much per 6???l work for tue institution without receiving^one dollar even for their traveling expenses. Such men as Hon. A. J. Willard, Judge Wright dmd E. J. Donaldson, have faithfully attended thc meetings of the board, and have never yet presented a biii for expenses, for the reason that they have preferred to give to the institu tion, rather than ded uct anything from its scanty funds. Two years ago the Legislature ap propriated to be paid one years in terest on thc money due the college on the in tercst of Agricultural bonds amounting to between eleven and tweivo thousand dollars. Last year no appropriation was made. Thc house passed an appropriation for another year's interest, but thc Sen ate struck it out, and wo were left with no means of paying out debts cc? i trat ed for tho institution. The first year's appropriation, aa yet, has only been a little more than half paid. The State treasurer gives as? a reason for not paying it, that the requisito funds have not, as yet, been paid into Che treasury? Thf* reason why tho people's money has not got into tho treasury, ? is ' information which the editor of the News has promised to give the public- He at least knows 3omething?of our affairs in this county, and the people will know more than sow when he produces thoso "nffida dts" showing why a "neat little nie" of thc money from our county lid notAget into tho State treasury. Jounty officials, in too many instan ?es, have befen too eager to use the jeople's money instead of paying it )ver with strict integrity and prompt lesrj to the State Treasurer. This is i?ic reason why tho Agricultural Col lege is left without funds, .nd the trustees have not only been obliged to pay their own expenses, but to advance their own property to pre vent the entire loss ami ruin of thc institution, and this, loo, when the State is holding funds due thc insti tution. In this condition of affairs, a State Senator and editor of om county, seeks to misleml the public with tho assumption that 625,000 of thc people's mony has been paid in here for the benefit of the institution. More than this should have been paid, as some forty thousand is due. No doubt more would have been paid if we only had been favored with honest officials to take charge of the people's money. Thc Agricultural College cannot be held responsible for the money that others have lost. It is a very easy matter to show what has become of the scanty amount thal has been placed at our control ; but there seems to be many leaks for tho waste of the people's money before it leaches Hie objects for which it is in tended. . A. WEBSTER, Sec'y of Agricultural College. The Southern States. Thc South needs schools-schools, schools for whites as well as blacks, and blacks as well as whites. We do not say separate schools, nor mixed schools. That is not thc matter which we wish now to present, and is one which as* wc believe, will soon regu late itself. T?nt good school0 of the one claf.s or of ti.e ot her, as thc people shall ?grec upon, ought to be provid ed -<V,r all thc?cbihTrrnr.- lt- if? erxt?y to Gee that there never cnn be general prosperity and a peaceful condition of society in the South unless thc ele vating and restraining influences of a Christian educalien shall ha diffused among all classes of its population. A homogeneous white population will never exist-there, except upon that condition.- Equal opportunities for educating their children most also be provided for' the coloied people. There* is BO choice in this matter if the conditions of peace and national prosperity are to be created in the South. One-half of the population can not with safety to the other half, or the county, be abandoned to gross ignorance and to the degrading vices to whieh an ignorant free population would become the inevitable prey. Nb: for the sake of both classes of the populationf for the South,- for the sake of the whole country, which must prosper or- suffer together, the influence of- educatidn-of education with religion-must bo universally diffused. The system of free com mou-schools must be everywhere established, and attendance upon school, if need be, must be required and enforced. It is due to the colored man, on the prin ciple of Christianity, Ihut his oppor tunities for culture and mental devel opment s ho n ld be cqnnl to thc white man's. It is also for thc peace, the c-Ievalion, thc vii tue, and the prosper ity, in all respects,-of the white popu lation and of the country, that he should have such opportunities and be urged to improve them. There fore, as appears evident to us, the white people of the South could pur sue no public policy more suicidal for themselves and for their children, or in respect to the peacefulness society and tho material development of tho South itself, than to obstruct thc pro gress of education among the blacks. If they were to continue to do this, and succeed in it they wonld make their whole land the abode and tim nursery of ignorance, licentiousness, brutality and crime ; a land not sur passsed irr-these ovils by any portion of heathendom, or by Sodom itself. We say these words that our South ern friends and co-rcligionists who read them and have some responsibil ity in molding public sentiment and Ij policy', may see mere clearly thari' they have done the pure, tile Chris tian and patriotic motives which have actuated the Christian people general' ly of North to taite a deep interest in the promotion of education in the South. Their elforts, their contributions of of teachers and of money, are not prompted-by tho spirit of conquest or party zeal, but by sentiments of phil anthropy and convictions of duty. liutr after all that Christiana and philanthropists of the. North can do, thc labor the responsibility, tho duty of establishing free, universal educa tion rests upon Southern men. The Federal Government can not assume the task and burden, lt. cannot pro vide the money,- nor establish the schools,- nor enforce attendance. These things, if done at all, must be done by the people on thc spot, who arc to pay thc taxes, arid, in return, arc to reap an adequate benefit in the diffusion of culture and thc elevation of society^ A vast responsibility in respect to thc attainment of these objects rests upon the religious portion of the pop ulation') upon whom also rest the strongest obligations, both as Chria 'lians and citizens. The collective ac tion of this numerous and influential class could not but be fell in educat ing public sentiment and in directing thc general policy of the Southern States. Indeed it is not loo much to say that if they will but cxbrt their energies, thc religious people ol thc South hold its social, moral, educa tional, and consequently its political destinies hi their own hands ; and if they are true to the highest interests of good citizenship, to the b< ncvolent spirit of Christianity, to th? welfare o''themselves and their posterity j they will make their influences polculta!, and in molding public scnliinent for thc benefit ol' all classes ol' the popu lation, poor as well as rich, black as well as white. Neglect will be turc to bc followed by disaster. An avenn ! ?ag Nemesis pursues States -is well as I private crimes. i When there is manifest : thc South ^generally thc cultivation I < spirit of fraternity toward their co-rc'. ^ :' ist s and fellow-eounlrymeu in tho North, i of patriotism and loyalty t?(^i?#d Ihct ! Nation and General nt, lund of justice ami benevolence toward jibe enfranchised blacks, thee will be no disposition in any quai le;-lo inter fere in their local affairs. It was on ly because of the menaces with w hieb their altitude and policy have threat ened the great interests of thc nation itself, and those for which the. Na tional Government had made itself responsible, that the policy of inter" terence was ever taken. It has been as disagreeable to the North as irk-1 some to the Soulh. Remove entirely the sense of its necessity, and it will immediately and forever cease. Of this the people of the South may j be sure, the people of the North are not hostile io them. Even in the raising of great armies and in bear ing tire burdens and sacrifices of war, they were not actuated by a spirit of animosity, but by a solemn, overpowering sense of patriotism. They now desire only that the great interests of thc nation, to which they gave costly, ?v?r memorable pledges, should be protected and transmitted to posterity unimpaired ;. that equali ty before the law shall exist not in name only, but that equal and exact justice shall be meted out to all by the laws and in the courts. In secur ing these objects the North-the .peo ple generally-desire the hearty co operation of tho South ; nod they do not desire Uiat lii? Soulh shall bc subjected to injustice or oppression. Weitem Christin Adv?cale. MKXTAL Is?rTJUN'OK. Thc mental condition has fdr more influence upon the bodily health than is generally supposed. It is no doubt true that ail ments of body cause depressing and morbid conditions of the mind ; but it is no less true that sorrowful and disagreeable emotions produce disease in persons who, uninfluenced by them, would be in sound health ; or if dis ease is not produced, Ihc functions arc disordered. Not even physicians always consider thc importance of this fact. Agreeable emotions set in motion nervous currents which stima late blood, brain, and every part cf thc system into healthful activity ; while grief, disappointment of feel ing, and brooding over present sor rows or past mistakes depress all the vital forces. To bo physically well ono must, in general, be happy. Tho reverse is cc'?? always true y one may bo happy and cheerful, and yet be a constant sufferer in body.-Selected. - M. Y, O. B. S. ' There are are a great many secret societies which-have strange hames, ~ and some wb?s? names are unknown v to outsiders, but whose members use certain letters'as symbols or initials to express their character. It is very true tbat many good men 1 belong to such societies, and people say if the societies were bad, such 1 good men would not join them ; but it is just as true that many bad men 1 also belong to them, and if the socio- ( ties were very good these bad men ' might not like them BO well. But 1 really neither of these arguments prove much, because none of the men 1 knew anything about the societies be fore they joined themy and all of them ' are sworn not to tell what they have found out since. So if the men are so good, or ever so bad, they are bound not to expose the good or evil they see, or in any way reveal the se crets of thc order to which they be long. I never like to open my mouth and shut my eyes at the time. When my mouth is open I keep my eyes open too ;-when my eyes are shut I think it is time to shut my eyes also. Hats . and mice sometimes get into places they do not know much about, and sometimes never get out again nlive. I prefer not to go into a place till I know what I go in for, and how and when I get ont again. And I do not make promises to people till I kno.v what they are. . So I do not join such secret societies, and I do not advise other people to join them. There is one society, however, to which I should bc glad to have all my friends belong. AU can join it, old and young, male and female, white and black. It costs nothing for in itiation, regalia, or show. There are no oaths taken, no pass-word, or grips, and no secrets, constitutions, nor bylaws to bc learned. This soci ety has among its members most ol' thc good men and great of all ages. You can join it at any time, no mat I ter where you aro. It makes people more happy, their families more peaceable, and their homes more quiet, when all belong lo this society. lt is more ancient than any other.- | tts members aro, many - oJUbem^Lu^l} J. known and greatly respected. ? They are very peaceable, quiet and thrifty. I heard of ono man who made a thousand dollars in a year by belonging to this society ;-some have made still more, some less. By be longing to this society men keep out of many troubles difficulties, and avoid a great deal of vice and sin. No good man ever made any objec to belonging to this society, and the best of men have always been mem bers of the M. Y. O. B. ?. Would you like to join- it? You can "Where?" Anywhere-here. "When?" Now. S-bal*1 tell you the full name of the M. Y. O: B. S. ? Soft ly then-*let me whisper it in your ear ; it is the "Mind Your Own Busi ness- Society." Better join lt at onoe. The Christian. SMALL MEANS. Thc power of money is on tho whole over estimated. The greatest things which have been done for thc world' have not been by rich men, or by subscription lists, but by men generally of email means. The think8rs, discoverers, inventors and artists, have been men of moder ate wealth, many of them little raised above thc condition of manual labor ers in point of wordly circumstances. And it will always bo so. Riches are oftener an impediment than a stimulus to action, and in many cas es they are as much a misfortune as a blessing. The youth who inherits wealth is apt to have lifo made too easy for him, and he soon grows sated with it, because he has nothing io de sire. Having no special object to struggle for ho finds time heavy on his hands \ remains morally and men tally asleep ;. and his position in so ciety is often no higher than that of a polypus over which the tide floats. Frauds and peculations have been discovered in the management of thc Southern Indiana Slate Prison, by a Legislative Committee of that Stale. The lor/ compelling children to at tend school is Working well in New Hampshire. The number of children not attending school has been dimin ished from 4,602 in 1872 to 4,680 in 1873, and 2,598 in 1874, a total of 44 per cent. ADVERTIS EMEN TS. MISCELLANEOUS. 5TATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, OFFICE SECRETARY OF STATE, COLUMBIA, S. C. Feb. 4>,h, 1875.' The FREE' CITIZEN is hereby lesignated as one of the newspapers br the publication of all- l&gal no ices, and official advertisements for he County of Orangeburg, under the kct approved February 22d, 1870, mtitled "An Act to regulate the inblication of all legal and public lotices and all former orders of this Board in conflict with this is hereby rescinded. H. E. HAYNE, Sec'y of State and Sec'y of Board'. I, H. E. HAT?E, Secretary of State, do hereby certify that the foregoing is a true and correct copy of the orig inal, now on file in this office. H. E. HAYNE, Secretary of State. .? Complete Pictorial History of the Times"-" The beslr cfieapest, and most successful Family Pa per in the Union Harper's Week ly. ILLUSTRATED. Xotices of thc Press. Thc Weekly is thc ablest and most pow prlul illustrated periodical pubtishetl in this country. Its editorials are scholarly mid convincing, and carry much weight. Its illustrations of current events are full and fresh; and are prepared by our best designers. With a circulation of 150.000, thc WEEKLY is read by at. least half a million persons, and its inllnenec as an organ of opinion ls simply tremendous. The WEEKLY maintains a positivo posi tion, expresses decided views on political and social problems.-Louisville Churiir Journal. Its articles are models of hi?di-toned discussion, and its pictorial illustrations are often corroborative arguments of no small force -iV. Y. Examiner anti Chron icle. Its papers upon existent questions and its inimitable cartoons help to mould the sentiments, of tho country.-Pittsburgh Commercial. TERMS: Postage free to all Subscribers in the U. S HARPER'S VTKBKXT, ono yenr . . , f?.oci ?4.P0 Includes prepayment ol'U. S. postage by thc publishers. Subscriptions to Harper's Mnffaxine, Weekly, nm! Bazar, to one address for one year, $10.00; ur, two ot'ltnrp?r'? I'urlorltttalB, to ont for one yenr, *7.00: pomace tree. An Bs tr?i Copy of either tho Magasine; IVcekH or Brujir will br : ; ri;' ti Kl?t':? for every Club or Five KiUi?cr't t?r.'.it rl?,fli)p(.,!ij?u oin.' rcr^il Mine?; or,''Sis; Coploii for fijAcwy without extm (Top\ : postage troc Buck. Nuiubora can i"; a', j.r.j time. Tho Anuunl Volume ot Harper's W eekly, in neut cloth binding, will bo sent by expresa, for of expense, for ?7.00 euch. A completo Sot, cimiprUing Eighteen Volumes, scot on receipt of ctibhnt thc rate of f 5.25 per vol., freight at ex penne of purchnser. Newspapers nro not to copy thi-< mrocrlscmcnt wiUiout the exprehS orders of IlAiti-mt & BROTHER*. Address HARPER A BROTHERS, New York. FIRE I PIRE!! FIRE!!! T. KO H fl & BRO., ?AT The Brick Store, Are selling off their RESCUED STOCK Being slightly damaged by removal. -: o : The Goods Must be Sold, And arc selling for whatever they will bring. Come at once and secure Rare Bargains : \7C mean BUSINESS, as we ncet MONEY. Theodore Eohn & Bro. At MCMASTER'S BRICK STORE Orangeburg, Jan. 21,1878. ADV ER T IS E M E N T S. MISCELLANEOUS. ?UIAND O P?NING I I will operi'thl? morulhj* a lot of the Finest jJeasv ever offered iii tlile market, combating of UNCOLORED JAPAN OOLONG Si? SOUCHONGSv YOUNG H?SONS" jj and* GUNPOWDERS, And in order to cultivate a trade for these fine grades I wiH sell- them "V "E It Y LOW, I have also received this morning another* ear-load of Solomon's Fancy Flour Fresh ground and Made especially for me from the Fiucbit fsiolcfcrtotl "Wlioctt, I have never had a complaint of this brawl of flour. JjironTAN-T NOTICE ! Inferior KEROSENE OIL is so dan* g?rons and so many accidents hnve oc curred from its uso, 1 have been induced, at the repented solicitation of my custo mers, to purchase a supply of pure Oil for their tree. 1 have Just receive ten? barrels of ;P??RE WHITE E?&G!Bj& Of 121 fire test. I will sell this Pure Oil cheaper than the same grade of Oil can be sold at in this city. Families use lug this Cit are safe. The tue of tho common Oils now FLOODING THE* HARRIET is equivalent to folnfftag kat? tte fatally destructif? and death-! 1 have also received: ! IO Tierces Fresh Cured Davis' Hams,. 10 Boxes Cream Cheeoe, direct from; the Dairy, 25 Firkins Goshen Butter,direct from, the Dairy, which hes all the: freshness and flavor of tho flow era. 5 Tierces o0 Baltimore Sugar-Cured Strips, 10 Barrels of Extra Mess Mackerelr averaging twenty ounces. 2? Sacks Laguayra Coffee* equal to* Java. 50 Sacks of assorted Rio, by last Rio steamer. With a full supply of OHOIGE GROCERIES, Fresh and Good. My stock I? full, with prices low ant? good times coming. Thanking the public for their yery lib I j eral patronage, ami soliciting its contin uance, I will do my best to merit tho HARDY SOLOMON, Columbi*, Go. Ca.