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In considering the apportionment ot the extraordinary' burden of taxes in war times certain scientific principles are definitely established: How Taxes Should Be Apportioned. x (1) The burden of taxes must be spread as far as possible over the whole community so as to cause each * individual to share in the sacrifices according to his ability to pay and ac cording to his share in the Government (2) Taxes on consumption, which are necessarily borne by the community at large, should be imposed *as far as possible on articles of quasi-luxury rathei than on those of necessity. (3) Excises should be imposed as fai as possible upon commodities in th< hands of the final consumer rathei, than upon the articles which serve pri? tnomlw oa kort mo fftriO I fAT* flirtho* lit x iij ao lavr wa bci mi i.va vuv& production. '4) Taxes upon business should be imposed as far as possible upon net earnings rather than upon gross receipts or capital invested. (5) Taxes upon income which will necessarily be severe should be both differentiated and graduated. That is, there should be a distinction between earned and unearned incomes and there should be a higher rate upon the larger incomes. It is essential, however, not to make the income rate so excessive as to lead to evasion, administrative difficulties, or to the more fundamental j objections which have been urged above. (6) The excess profits which are due to the war constitute the most obvious and reasonable source of revenue during war times. But the principle upon ! which these war-profit taxes are laid arrest be equitable in theory and easily ' calculable in practice. The Proposed Income Tax. The additional income tax as passed by the House runs up to a rate of 60 per cent. This is a sum unheard of tn the history of civilized society. It must' be remembered that it was only after -the first year of the war that Great Britain increased her income tax to the maximum of 34 per cent., and that: even now in the fourth year of the war fo if nn# at/'OaH VUO UIWU1U WAA UWO uvv vavvvu ? r* per cent. It could easily be shown that a tax with rates on moderate incomes substantially less than in Great Britain, -and on the larger incomes about as ftlgh. would yield only slightly less than the $532,000,000 originally estimated in the House bill It is to be hoped that the Senate will reduce the total rate on the highest incomes to 34 per cent, or at most to 40 per cent, and that at the same time it will reduce the rate on the smaller incomes derived from personal or profes-oisknal onrnlncrc . VUAUMJgW If the war continues we shall have to depend more and more upon the income tax. By imposing excessive rates now we are not only endangering the -future, but are inviting all manner of difficulties which even Great Britain has been able to escape. Conclusion. The House bill contains other funda-1 mental defects which may be summed tip as follows: ^ T* AM AAno nmn/?inlA u; PU19UC9 ail C11VUCVUO j^iUJXijVJC in imposing retroactive taxes. (2) It selects an unjust and unworkable criterion for the excess-profits tax. - (3> It proceeds to an unheard of height in the income tax. (!) It imposes, unwarranted burdens upon the consumption of the community. (To It is calculated to throw business into confusion by levying taxes on gross i re eipts instead of upon commodities. (6) It fails to make a proper use of stamp taxes. (7) It follows an unscientific system in its flat rate on imports. (8) It includes a multiplicity of petty and unlucrative taxes, the vexatiousness of which is out of all proportion to the revenue they produce. *** * The fundamental lines on which the ! f House bill should be modified are sum- j med up herewith: (1) The amount of new taxation should l>e limited to $1.250.000.000?or ! at the outset to $1."00.000,000. To do more than this would be as unwise as it is unnecessary. To do even this would be to do more than has ever been done by any civilized Govern- \ mont in time of stress. (2) The excess-profits tax based upon a sound system ought to yield about $500,000,000. (3) The income-tax schedule ought to oe'revised with a lowering of the rates on earned incomes below SlO.OuO. and with an analogous lowering of the rates on the higher incomes, so as not Jo exceed 34 per cent. A careful cal- j dilation shows that an income tax of this kind would yield some $450,000,000 additional (4) The tax on whisky and tobacco ought to remain approximately as it Is. with a yield of about $230,000,000. These three taxes, together with the stamp tax at even the low rate of the House bill, and with an improved automobile .tax. will yield over $1,250,000,000. which is the amount of money luuu^ni uwuauic. The above program would be in harmony with an approved scientific sys- I tem. It will do away with almost all of the complaints that are being urged against the present. It will refrain j from taxing tb^ fvtruu motion of the poor. It will throw a f.'ir heavier burden upon the rich, but will not go to the extremes of confiscation. It will obviate interference with business and will keep unimpaired the social productivity of the community. it win estaonsn a jusc oa;aiue between loans and taxes and will not snccumb to the danger of approaching either the tax-only policy or the loanonly policy. Above ail. it will keep an undisturbed elastic margin, which must be more and more heavily drawn V>on as the war proceeds. COMMUNITY FAIR TO BE HELD AT OAK GROVE. The Ladies' Improvement Association of Oak Grove will hold their annual community fair on August 16, next, according to an announcement made by the association on Tuesday. The fair will again be held at Oak Grove shool house; and everything is now being made ready for the second big feat. The Ladies of Oak Grove are the first in the county to attempt a community fair, but the occasion last year proved quite successful indeed. Besides the many attractions and exhibits of every character imaginable,there will be the regular barbecue, which within itself will prove a big future. The ladies want everyhodv to attend their fair on August 16 th. Mr. and Mrs. Norman Keisler of St. John's, are receiving many congratulations over the* arrival on Sunday of a handsome son?the first to come into the home of these young people. Pav Mnrp an A iiAVft v ?? It is false economy quality in an endeavor purchase. To get GOOD shoes y Every item of mal | advanced. Manufacturers are s materials. mi ; ? mey are paying, in former prices. GOOD shoes cost us r before. If you want GOOD sh and buy. Our prices are based GOOD style. Queen Quality shoes find anywhere. W alk a Block ai UAVMADn m/v i I^IAI\U P. 0. Block 1723 Main v.':. CLEAN / HURRY! HUI Any $18 to $22, House?Your Ch Sale?Tailored to1 Any Woolen Pattern in Up to $22.50 for $15. Your Measure, to Orde Only Through Our Mill to 4 /iTT P ntt T Uln n Ann T n i Iiy l/dl! lUli DC L/Uilt 1U1 Pay No Middleman's Pro ARE YOU AWARE that we business jn the world and our s Better Values, First Class Wor tion to the public? Every garm under our personal supervision anteed Fronts ?Hand Button! throughout, in fact, must be pc we will not let you have same. With us vbu are your own sales demand. Our reliability and resp peer of all concerns in our positioi transaction is ended until we are ( until we see your name AGAIN i We Carry in Stock fot* S Silk lined and guarant Suit you can buy for $20 your size or the pattern ; Genuine Palm Beach S shades and sizes, for U. S. Wool* World's Largest Custom Tailoi 1 d.d.9 I H. L. GILL1 j MAGISTRATES REPORTS FOR LEXINGTON COUNTY. Following is a list of the fines and i costs collected by the magistrates of i the county for the fiscal year 1916, "~ 4-Via /-.flfinet nf minfv TVfias aj> II1CU 111 tiiu V"*vv vx ? iurer, in compliance with the law: ;J. H. Frick, Chapin $ 99.30 J. A. Gayden, Brookland 182.00 J. M. Marchant, Brookland 8.20 jW. E. Lorick, Irmo 57.00 ; E. R. Steadman, Batesburg.... 75.00 iloor Hayes, Gilbert 111.40 !T. L. Harman, Lexington 530.30 j ;E. M. Martin, Swansea 535.40 !J. H. Robers, Chapin 20-00 I Boyd F. Berry, Pelion 3.t>U j Total $1,622.10 j Judge E. M. Martin, of Swansea, is leading Judge Tom Harman of Lexington, .by only $5.10. Judge Martin had the distinction of leading all of the magistrates in 1916. Miss Alsie, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Sam Long, who has been ill with fever for several days, is now getting along nicely. d Save More to buy shoes of poor to save a little on your rou must pay the price, terial in GOOD shoes has scouring the earth for many cases, many times nore money than ever loes come to this store . on GOOD quality and ; are the BEST we can id Save a Dollar. i SHOE CO. Street COLUMBIA, S. C. SWEEP tRY! HURRY! .50 Fabric in the oice During This four Order for $15 the House failored !# ^ jay. You X : today do the largest tailoring success has been due to giving kmanship and Entire Satisfaclent made in our own workshop , made with unbreakable Guarboies and stitched with Silk irfect in Every Detail, otherwise man. Our judgement is at your 1 ^ ^ .1 lonsiDiiity are unquestioned as tne n. Built on a policy where no i confident that vou are satisfied and ! \ND AGAIN on our books. % 1 Ready-Made Suit 1 s.oo :eed to be equal to any .00. No trouble to get you like. iuits, ready to wear, all $6.95 I sn Mills Co. | rs Stores Everywhere Columbia. S. C. iSPlE, Mgr. j ' 7 NOTICE OF ELECTION. All persons residing in Poplar Springs School District No. 61, will please take notice that a special election will be held at the school house! tnerem, on saiuraay, mo 4th day ot [ August, 1917. for the purpose of vot-j ing a levy of 4 mills for school pur- ; poses. If this levy is voted the district will be entitled ;o receive from! th*1 ^tate every year the sum of $200.00 i or the purpose of helping to pay the teachers' salariea ''Only such' electors as ieturn real or personal j property for taxation, and who exhib-1 | it their tax receipts and registration j certificates required in general { |elections, shall be allowed to vote."! ; Bring tax receipts and registration c&f i tificates. Polls will open at 7 A. M., \ and close at 4 P. M. w. Itinenart, T. G. Senn, I B. 0. Sm*A, r Board of Trustees, Dist. No. 61. ! July 23, 13L7?2w41 j SUMMERIAND REUNION AUG 8.J The Sunfierland College students will have areunion at Grey Rock: Springs A?ust 8th. An interesting! programmers being arranged. Com- j petent paries will serve a barbecue! dinner. T>e public has a cordial in- j vitation. j ! j ? Caughir I Genei Furni I Farm Imj iv a rvrvi 1 VllL>t\UVJ Meal, Gri 1 Dry Gooc Summer Hats, Caj: i Slated i id ' r d . IJj | One lot of Soft and i ' Three pairs of Silk S Palm Beach and Wh: I i Palm Beach Suits (tfc IUUUI UIULU OUIIO, in 1 Pajamas, in bne and | Lhaki Work Shirts __ Khaki Work Pants Army Hats, Leghorn '. I TRY 01 Y< BOY'S PA One lot of B( I Suits. $5.00 vaJ THE o p_ ; ? iiv,or. main oc L.a ' 1 . "If It's f,- ? ,1 J \ \ \ + No More Currt Do you remember the shut-d< pression and the lack of emplo; the currency panic of 1907? To prevent another currency serve Banking System keeps on ply of currency to furnish the b the system of which we are one all times meet the currenov rpn positors. <^TEDERAL RESEHVE^> itS protect fc^SYSTEM^^B THE HOME NAT] CAPITAL $50,C LEXINGTON, HBHHnHBOHnHB ian-Kamin( ral Merchan< iture and Milline elements. Mowers ant W CORN MILL. ts and Feed, Home Gr< Is, Shoes and Notions. Weight Suits. ds and Underwear. >n Union Suits. for This 1 Stiff Straw Hats, newest shapes ocks, all colors, for ite Canvas Oxfords at $2.50, 3 le genuine cloth) 3 lewest models, $6.50, $? two piece suits s, etc. JR SERVICE AND GOOD 3U1L BE PLEASED LM BEACH SUITS : ws* Palm Rparli arirl C "J ~ * ? ?? ues, to close at : MODERN SHOP )PE-DAVI5 dy COLUMI Not Right, Bring It Back./ mcy Panics >wns, the business de- J yment which followed panic the Federal Rehand an immense supanks which belong to j i , so that they may at uirements of their deit appeal to you to get don, without cost, by , one of our depositors? IONAL BANK )00.00 s. c. II =n W I A ;i vui iise ry i Rakes. Dund. I Week , special at $1 $1 >3.50 and $4.50 >7.50 and $8.50 >.50 and $10.00 jl $1.50 up $1.50 I $1.50 1 >s I $3.75 !ool Cloth $3.75 I I 5 w 3IA, S. C. 1