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* * . f~*4 CHERAW GAZETTE. i .? ? 1 - "*4 - ^ M. MACLEAN*. EDITOR & PROPRIETOR. CIIERAW, S.C.TUESDAY, AUGlT&T 9, 1830 ' VOL. I. NO. 39. . i-a-j. G. H. TAYLOR, PRINTER. Published every Tuesday. TEAMS. If paid Within three months, ... 3. 00 It paid withiuthroe months after the close ot the yoar, 3. 50 I not paid within that tiiue, . . . - 4. 00 A company of sU persons taking the paper at the same Post Office, shall he entitled to it at ?15, paid iu advance, and a company of ten persons at S-l0; provided the names bo torwardod together, accompanied by the money. No paper to Ins discontinued but at the option of the Editor till arrearages are paid. Advertisements inserted lor 75 cents per square the tirst time, and 37$ for each subsequent insertion. Persons sending iu advertisements arc requested to specify the number of times they are to bo inserted; otherwise they will Ikj continued till ordered out, and charged according]}*. tIJ'The Postage must bo paid on ail commu-' nicatious sent by mail. ! ???* l NOTHING LIKE THE BIBLE. A TALi; i-OH BOYS. ' j The following circumstance occurred in j the town of Warrenton, and was related . there at a Bible meeting by a gentleman of i respectability and veracity, connected with j the society. The circumstance was introduced in the ; following manner: About three weeks ago, two little boys, i decently clothed, the oldest appeared about j thirteen, and the younger eleven, called at1 the lodging house for vagrants, in this J town, for a night's lodging. The keeper i of the house (very properly) took them to vagrants' office to be examined, and if j proper objects to be relieved. The account they gavo of thomselves was extremely affecting, and no Joubt was enter-; tained of its t rutin It appears, but a few j weeks had elapsed since these poor little , wanderers had resided with their parents in j London. The typhus lever, however, in ; one day carried off both father and mother,> .. j leaving the orphans in the wide world witn- j out friends and witltout a Jiomc. immcdi. j ately after the last mournful tribute had j been paid to their parent's memory, having j an uncle in Liverpool, poor and destitute , as they were, they resolved to go and throw j themselves upon his protection. Tired,! therefore, and faint, they arrived in this j town on their way. Two bundles contained their little all. In the youngest hoy's was found and neatly covered and curefully preserved, a biblk. The keeper of the ! lodging house, addressing the little boy, said j "You have neither money nor meat, will; you sell me this Bible ? 1 will give you 1 live shillings for it?" 'No,' exclaimed lie j (the tears rolling down his youthful checks) j 4 Til starve first.' Ho then said, 4 there are books to be bought beside this ; why do you love this Bibie so much?" He replied,4 No book has stood my friend so much as the Bible/ 4 Why, what has your Bible done for you?* said lie. 11canswered, 4 When I was a little boy about seven years of ago, I became a Sunday school scholar in London; through the kind attention of my master I soon learned , to read my Bible; this Bible, young as I was, showed mc that I was a sinner, and a great j one too; it also pointed me to a Saviour.! And I thank God thai i have found mercy at the hands of Christ, and I atn not ashamed to confess him l>efore the world. To try him still furlher, six shillings were then otlered him for the Bible. 4No,' said he,4 for it has been my support all my way from Loudon; hungry and wean-, often have I sat down by the way side to read my Bible; and have found refreshment from it.' He was then asked, 4 what i? -I ? ?*r\ T.ivr?rrw\!il. win you uu ujicji vuu iv u..v.pv., .should your uncle refuse to take you in ? The reply may excite a blush in many Christians, 'My Bible tells me,' said he 1 when my father and mother forsake me, then the Lord will take me up.' The man could go no further, for tears checked his utterance, and they both wept together. They had in their pockets, tickets as rewards for their good conduct, from the school to which they belonged, and thankfulness and humility were visible in all their deportment. At night, these two orphans, bending their j knees by the side of their bed, committed j themselves *to the care of their heavenly j father?to Him whose ears are open to the j prayers oi me poor ana uesuiuie j uim iu him who has said i call upon me in the day of trouble, I will deliver thee, and thou, i shalt glorify me." I The next morning these refreshed little wanderers arose cariy, and dressed themselves for their journey, and set out for the town of Liverpool; and may he who hears the ravens when they cry, hear and answer their petitions, guide them through time ,. and bless them in eternity ? English Paper. We suppose the above to be substantially true. Yet there is one thing in the manner of relating which we dislike. The writer professes to quote the language of one of the boys, while he uses language which any reader of common discernment must perceive no boy could use. We have often observed i faults of this kind in religious narratives, and { they always seem to us to indicate a want of ! that scrupulous regard to truth which ought always to distinguish cliristians. If a person does not remember the words of another he cannot profess to repeat them without a j breach of moral propriety however fully he j inav conform to their meaning in his narra- J tion. THE REFINER OF SILVER. A Scriptural Anecdote. Some months ago, a few Ladies, who met together in Dublin to read tbc Scriptures, and make them the subject of conversation, were reading the Third Chapter ofMa/achi. One of he Ladies gave it as her opinion that the Fuller's Soap, and the Refiner uf Silver, were the same image, both intended 1 to convey the same view of the sanctifying not influence of the grace of Christ, while anoth- tng er observed?There is something remar- voi m T kablc in the expression in the third verse.? ISo uIIeshallsitasaRefinerandPuriiicrofSilvcr." j They agreed {hat possibly it might be so, | an(^ and one of the Ladies promised to call on | ' a Silversmith, and report to them wflnt he tacj j said on the subject. Siie went accordingly, j tj1-^ ! and, without telling tiie object of her errand, j j r ! begged to know from liiin the process ofj n refining silver, which he fully described to j jn0] her. hut, Sir, said she, do you sit while the J fro? | work of refining is going on ! Oil yes, | I Madam, replied the Silversmith; I must sit i ' with my eyes steadily fixed orr the surface, f | for if the time necessary for refining "be ex- j. i ceeded in the slightest degree, the silver is mej I sure to he injured.?> At once she saw the ^ beauty, and the comfort too, of the exprossion.?-Ile ^hail sit as a Iteiincr and Purifier f of Silver." % teni Christ sees it needful to put his children : into the furnace; but he is seated by the side 1 j t oi* it: iiis eye is steadily intent on the work ; ; of Purifying; and his wisdom and love are * d both engaged in the best manner tor them. | ^.ac Their trials do not come at random; the j T)f.rj very hairs of their head are all numbered, i As die Lady was leaving the shop, the Sil. i ^a^' versmitli cidied her back, and said he had j wj^ still further to mention?that he only knew | fj ' when the process of purifying was complete, ! by seeing his own image reflected in the , ^cn( silver. ILuctii'jl nuruc! When Cuaisr j n'o Q sees his own i.>iagc in iiis people, iiis i wouk or i'lkirvi.NU is accomplished. i lfroiJ TLMPUit. i requ On no part of the character .has educa- | tion more influence, than on tlie temper; the . tj due regulation ot which is an object or so t 0f\cl] great importance to the enjoyment of the j lV.rs present life, and to the preparation for a bet- j child ter. i An authority such as has been de-' scribed, linn, but affectionate; decided, yet jrraa mild ; imposing no unnecessary restraints; | as n( but encouraging every innocent freedom and : must O O ?| gratification, exercised according to the die- r O ' o tates of judgment, imd supported by rewards 1 and punishments judiciously dispensed; is! ^ the best means of securing good temper in I J our children; and evinces that self-subjec- j p0S(J tion on our part w'nich is essential to ilosuc- i it, ii ccssfuicullivation on theirs. This, at once,! uhc will put an end to those impulses of temper an u in ourselvs which are the most fruitful sour- som fOKttf tn r?ther>c ? for. it ivi ?s:mri. vvw w 7 ?f -v .-v.. j sing how quickly our own irritability will be j vei0 reflected in the little ones around us. Speak ! c;tVf to a child in a fretful manner, and wc shall j aboi generally find that his answer partakes of j u-ou tixo same character. We may reprove; we : trja], may punish; we may enforce obedience; j j hut all will be done with double the offect if j won our own temper remain perfectly unruffled ; j rant for what benefit can reasonably be cxpec- j exci led, when we recommend thai by our in- j caus junctions which wc renounce by our exam- oniv pk ? j seen The variations and inconsistency to which Wav characters of impulse are also liable, arc , ug^f particularly trying to children. There are ft 0c few tempers tnat can resist the effect of be- an ing sharply reproved at one time, for what, com at another, is passed over without no'ice ; of mos being treated oue day with excessive indul- \ jieai gence, and the next day with fretfulncss or NVca severity. # i who Wo all have our weak and irritable mo- blov mcnts; we may experience many changes ' u-ut( of temper and feeling; but let us beware of - Urnj betraying such variations in our outward an,| conduct, if we value the good temper and respect of our children; for these we have no ! njLr} right to expect on their part, without con- ej j sistcney on ours. ! ? If a Vault be glaring, it must bo seriously hca, taken up; but in {lie management of the j a temper, especially in early childhood, much j gfje may be etlected by a system of prevention. wor A judicious attendant may avert many an j tcm inipendig naughty lit, by change of object, blin gentle amusement, and redoubled care to i js e put no temptation in the way, if she observe ; tj,c any of her little ones wearv, uncomfor.able, j no ( or irritable. This, for instance, will gen- ! a}0, orally be the case with children when they j Sl,r)( lirst awake. They should therefore then be treated with more than common ten- j ? derness; never roused from sleep sud-' ^ denly or violently; nor exposed to any j . ' little trials, till they have had time thoroughly !. ^ to recover themselves. It is scarcely lie- , cessary to add how peculiarly this tender j ^ consideration is required, not only in illness,; , , but under the various trifling indispositions j ^ | ..U,|UVIIV ili IIUU?(V^I j t 1 Children ought not to be, unnecessarily, j ,l * thwarted in their objects which, at a very ear- ; a s' ly age, they purusc with eagerness. Let j | them, if possible, complete their projects ' J* *: ! without interruption. A child, for exam- H.'1] pie, before he can speak, is trotting after a . ball; the nurse snatches him up at the moment C1 'l1 1 to be washed and dressed, and the poor child throws himsclfinto a violent passion. Whereas, bad she first entered into his views, kind- I ly assisted him in gaining his object, and j as a tlicn gently taken him up, this trial would j fore have been spared and bis temper uninjured, j low We should avoid keeping children in sus-! C pense, which is often done from a kind mo-1 a y< tivc, though with very ill elfect. If a child j say; asks his nurse for a cake, and she can give - plac it him, let her tell him so at once, and as- j atta sure him that lie shall have it, but, should 1 one ! she be unable to grant his request, or know ' feeli it would be improper lor him, do not let her j not hesitate; do not let her say, "I will think of j verj it, we shall see," but kindly and decidedly j sion refuse him. j nest If he sees his mother going out, and pc- I that titions to accompany her, it will be better he i she should say "no," or "yes," at once, for lie i he will receive with ease an immediate, but moi j kind, refusal: when,.probably, he would cry He | bitterly at a denial, afer ids expcctioas had beei . be?n raised by suspense. ' on ' IV hen a child is to go to bed, we ought w to fret him for the last half hour, by say- c every few minutes, "I shall souii send o i to bed?Now, my dear, it is time to gey? n w, I hope you will go"?but let him be la I thai, at such a time, he is to go to bed, b [ when that time arrives, no common ex- k e should prevent it. o, ,Ve ought also to be guarded against at- iii ling too much importance to trifles; from fc mistake, many an useless combat arises st nost nurseries. How often have I ob- w red a nurse more disturbed, and a child V v alarmed and fretted, at a torn or dirty 01 k, than at a breach of truth, or a waut la enerosity ! Here the lesser good is pre- tli cd to the greater, and the primary oh- oi of education forgotten.* n< ly such measures as have been rccom- tli ided, accompanied by a quick sympa- ta with the pecu/iar characters, and peculiar oi mities of children, much may he done sc ards forming among them a habit of good A per. But, such is the irritability both of d( ital and bodily constitution in childhood, fu , with our best efforts, we must not cx- cl t unvarying success, rotn some hidden cause, generally to be ed to their bodily state, many children, laps all occasionally, arc prone to a ain fretfulness, or irritability, which will 111 le every attempt to overcome if, und ^ di. tlif'jvfnrn ic r.itlifr tn lin borno with i opposed,?never to be humored, but to 01 eceived with unmoved serenity and pa- 31 re. In such cuses, there appears to bo . ithcr method of proceeding. This, inI, calls for great patience; but, without a it patience, who can perform the duties ^ lired towards children ? .1 Mothers Manual. tli t Is much to be regretted that dress is thus w i made the subject of dispute and irritation, j j anal cleanliness is indeed indistwnsable; and j J Iron, whether it teazo them or not, must be ro >ugh!y washed. Hut their clothes should be CC >ntrived as not to interfere with their freeand enjoyment, or to rcquiro any groat de- ^ of attention. It is desirable to keep them ,, >at as the case admits of, but, to this, a nurse take care that neither her own temper, nor Wl 's is sacrificed. ill CI WOMAN. eil xtruct from the Maino Wesley an Journal. heard of the ardor and singleness of purt of woman's heart, where she resigned it its richness?and how her empire, re she reigned pre-eminent, and shone . nge!, was a sick chamber. 1 had seen ethiug of it. In this young woman? i was my situation?I saw it fully doped?and with such beauty and simplithat her heart must have liccn the . 1c of deep, unquenchable purity, or she m Id have faltered and failed amid her CC s. have a high, a most exulted opinion of lan's calm, patient, inexhaustible endu r ?.1 r ui uuuuuuu* x cuvu luuai awuy iium tcment and distress?let them have no ;c for anxiety and watching?allot them 0j the ordinary duties uf life?and it w is to you that an extra duty?a single to e of disquietude, would unfit them for iilncsS. iSo feminine?so fragile?how, a curs to you, can they bear up beneath 0j additional vigil! But when the blow ni its, who attends the sacrifice with the j}] t unshrinking heroism? Man? Stout rj ted, atlilotic man? No. Wo.man, ^ k, dependent, tender woman?upon a( in we feared the winds of heaven might ^ r too roughly?she holds her tireless ^ rh in this scene of sorrow; woman is tri- C] liant herc-here she shows her excellence her endurance. While man flags & falls sn op, with very weariness, she glides about ^ it after night?now refreshing the parchips of the suflerer, with a cooling draught j1( ow smoothing his pillow, that his aching ^ J, if it were pessiblc, might rest easier nd anon, stealing noiselessly to his bed- sl , to see if he do not sleep! In all this C( Id of selfishness and suflering, what con- f0 plation is more honorable and enno- w g to female character, tiian that wlicn she jjj xercising lier holy ministrations a!>out bed-side of sutFering humanity! If in jj rJicr particular did she rival man, this cj te, is sufficient to establish her claim to w priority, in unfading characters. ai ai J rinding Old Garments Into New. d; 'ir George Head, in his Tour through sj Manufacturing Districts gives the fol- o! ing account of a new trade carried on ri )ewsbury; literally tearing in pices fusty in rags collected from Scotland, Ireland, n< the Continent, by a machine called a li' vil," till a substance very like the origin- w ool is produced. This by the help of Ir nail addition of new wool, is respun and at lufactured into sundry useful coarse ar- ei rs, such as the wadding which Messrs. Oi 1 ' 1 -.1 .1 II ze ana V/0. iniroauce wimin me conurs icir fashionable coats, and various des- tc tions of drugget, horse sheeting, &c. ft ????? a Tin; LATE JOHN RANDOLPH. h; ti Mr. B. W. Liegh's examination . witness in the Randolph Will case, be. w : the Ganeral Court, we notice the lol- ?c ing evidence : *( Questioned as to Mr. R's attachment to >ung lady who was married about.180G; 5 he thinks the lady's marriage took e in 1807. Witness thinks Mr. It's ar chmcnt to her was a very enduring . Should not say the elfoct upon his !n ings was a very enduring one. Should 1,1 say the effect upon his feelings was / obvious, but it had a strong impres- ai i upon him. It was well known to wit5 that he had been attached to tier, and he felt the disappointment deeply; hut b< icver spoke upon the subject irrationally, pi never attributed the defeat of his matri- he lial connexion to the intrigues of others, nc had said that, if he and the lady had D n left quite alone, he believed their upj. it .voulu net have been prevented. There 1 cc ere interferences, he said, neither intend- t( d to break off the match, nor to urge it tl n, which had on inauspicious effect- He a ever spoke disrespectfully of the Judy's reitions, and one of them (Maj. Eggleson) Ii e always mentioned with respect aud b indness. Maj. E. was one of the persons tl f whom he always spoke kindly. He did g ot ascribe his disappointment to the inter- a srence of his own relations. Witness is ^ ire he did not attribute it to the relative to g horn he has heard others ascribe it. 0 fitness thought the attachment a strong r< ae; that Mr. It. retained it after the ^ dv's marraige, and dwelt upon it more jfl lau he should have done. Mr.it. spoke /<( [ten to witness on the subject; but witness n] 3ver said any tbing in relation to it, as he n; lought it a matter which ought not to be n. Iked about; has beard of his speaking 0j ten upon tbo subject to a number of per- tc >ns. Q. Did Mr. It. survive the lady ? . Yes. Q. What impression did licr pr ;atJi make upon him? A. It was a pain- ^ il one. The lady was remarkable lor the a lurms of her person and manners. RIRAL ECONOMY. .Air. Editor?Several methods of drying In /% * r iripe corn for winter use are recommended |n id may l>e practised with advantage.? 1S robably the worst of these is the common w le of boiling, and afterwards cutting the ain from the cob. The com is not only llJ 'privedof much of its sweetness and flavor r the boiling, but the best, though not the 01 rgest part of each kernel, the corcnlum or ja < it is called by the farmers, chit, is left oil lt e cob. A far better plan is that adopted l]] "the Indians of Lake Michigan, who roast " m in n c:inf! hrsth 1 ifhv si lire hich they make on a bod of sofl sand, into P( liicli the cars arc plunged. Af.er being Jl] asted in this way, it is removed from the >b and kept in sacks lbr winter use. . . A neater and still better method is, to put 111 c ears of green corn into a baker, or oven ^ 'any kind, and roast them as much as you ould do for immediate use. The corn is j}< en shelled, each grain being preserved itire, and spread to dry for a few days, ther in the open air or a dry room; and 11 ay be kept lor years. Wben thoroughly P1 )ilcd (at least liours) it is tender and . ill as green corn, to which in flavor it is no ay inferior,and constitutes amosf admirable gredient in soups, or if eaten by itself is . ic of the most delicious and wholesome j.1' shes that can possible be prepared. A diet consisting exclusively of corn prerved in this way, is regarded as a specific 1 the removal of a predisposition of a can- ^ ir. Yours, very respectfully, ! Xcnia Free Press. Edwix Jamds. . u roiuthc Western Fanner, of December, 1835 ^ The JVUd Horse of the Prairie.?The c ashvillc Banner contains a letter from E. Ci J. B. Now rand, Esq. detailing the capture I* * " - ii? - i- i.:_ ir : one ottnesc nouiu animais in n;s nmnv ilderness, an extract from which wo present V( our readers. It has long been a desideratum to obtain foreign stock with which to cross the breed f our running horses, in order to give tliem tore l>o:tom, and prevent tliat tendency to si rcak down at an early age which is inva- IJ ably shown by them. Mr. Nowland si links the breed of the wild horse of the west o: Jmirablv well adapted for this purpose, as II ting less like our present stock than any of It c European races, from which our best tl osscs have hitherto been obtained. il The letter is dated from Fort Gibson, and F lvs that the horse will be sent to Nashville h y the first rise of the water. g "A band of Osage Indians, hunting on the b )ad waters of Washita and Flue Rivers v May 1834, succeeded in capturing the a xllant gray, Neosho, after a chase from p inrise till dark. When larict-'ed, he prov- t! 1 to be so ungovernable, that the Indians tl iund it necessary to keep him several days c ithout food or warier, in order to render m manageable. In bis efforts to extricate p niself from his confinement, he wounded r< s head and legs very badly. lie was pur- g inscd by an officer of this post, who arrived lc itli him here a distance ofnearly two hundred \ tl id fifty miles, much emaciated. A tier his j o rrival, he repeatedly threw every one who j o trod to back him, and among others, a most ilendid horseman, of the Ciiamancha tribe r. f Indians, who boldiy proclaimed lie could tl dcony horse living. This was the most itcrcsting feat of horsemanship I ever wit- ? ssscd?for here was the horse, in all his na- C vc wilderness mrfuitcd by a savage not less ild, both contending for the mastery?the M idian was at length hurled from his back, n id the horse triumphed. He is now, how- Q fer, after mpcli gentle treatment, entirely c lanageble and in good condition. 0 "Neosho is a light dapple grey, about, four- f( en and a half hands high; his head is honey tie muzzle and expanded nostrils, within t| prominent sparkling eye and pointed ear; Ci is a fine cresf and flowing mane; long ^ loulder blades, well deeling into the sway c itli fine high withers, strong hack and arch. r 1 loins, and couples strong; deep in the bris- n . t, fine barrel and beautifully curved ribs, jr ng arms and tbigs, broad cafinon lxines, (T itli strong tendons neatly fluted, all of the Jj nicst texture; pasterns, and hoofs cupped ^ id of the firmest horn; dock strong and ipporting a fine coat of hair almost sweep. ^ g the ground. He is peculiarly majestic n his appearance, bold and elastic in all his j ices and shows throughout, a native digni'y ;< id nobility of blood." q, T ai Native Country of maize.?Roulin, Hum- lx >!dt, and Bonpland, have noticed this m ant, in its native state, in America, and th ivo hence concluded that it was origi- S< illy derived from that country. Micbaud, iti aru, Gregory, and Bonafous, state, that re was known in Asia Minor before the dis- C ivery of America. Crawford, in his He-1 th >ry of tlio Indian Archipelago, tells us, iat maize was cultivated by the inhabit- o nts of these islands, under the name of jagoung, before the discovery of America. <] n the Natural History of China composed f' y Li-Chi Tchin, towards the middle of 11 te sixteenth century, ail exact figure is c iven of maize, under the title of lachou ha; and Rifuud,in his ''Vopage cn Egvptc, a :c., from 1805 to 1807," discovered this P rain in a subtaranean excavation in a state f remarkably good preservation. M. ^ i- n )V, however, refutes these statements, Journal de Pharmacia, xx. 571) by show- ? ig that these authors have mistaken the oleus sorghum for maize, and that the laize of Kifand is the hole us bicolof, a ^ alive of Egypt according to Delile. Where laize occurs in the east, there is no proof fj 'its having been carried there previously tj i the discovery of America. ^ ('/.! >* m;ivs^ timrpfore snrunff V " i O om America; millet or couz com from frica; rice, (ori/za sativa,) from Asia ; [id wheat, barley, and oats from Europe. Thompson's Records. _ 11 Wood Polishing.?The Persians have itroduced an entirely new mode of polishig, which is to wood prcisely what plaiing v to metal. Wator may l>e spilled on it ^ ithout staining, and it resist scratching in j ic same degree with marble. Tiie receipt r making it as follows: . - j; To one pint of spin' s of wine, add half an ince of gum shellac, half an ounce of gurn- ^ ck, half an ounce of gum satidrick, placing j over a gentle heat, frequently agitating it j ntil the gums are dissolved, when it is lit ? >r use. Make a roller of list, put a little of the dish upon it, and cover that with a soft lien rag, which must be slightly touched 1 ith cold drawn linseed oil. Rub them in s ic wood in a circular direction, not cover- r nr tnn lnrnr' a snace at a time, till tlie DOrcs e '? ' O 1 ' _ M re sufficiently tilled up. Ailer this, rub in c lc same manner spirits of wine with a small s artion of the jiolisli added to it, and a most } rilliant polish will be produced. If the out- 1 de has been previously polished with wax, 1 will be necessary to clean it otT with glass f aper.?Western Farmer.? " ? ? , c 'ontents of the Farmer fy Gardener, July 26. * Summary notices of the crops?origin of j te Hessian fly?a judicious recoinmenda- i a an to sow buck wheat?notice of a beauti-1 > tl specimen of sewing silk?mode of culvating poach trees in pots?anecdote of a v irmcr and Earl Fi zwiiliam, or honesty re- c % 1 arded, with remarks by the editor?proh. 1 c grain of rye?vegetable substances for a yiug?great value of the yellow locusts for 1 inber?notice of the beautiful estate of the v ite J)r. Hosack?destructive effects of the c aterpillar?value of the Durham breed of f attle?how to preserve cucumbers from \ tigs?cure lor the rot in sheep?in'erest-. t ig description of the flarleian datry?act-! i ertisoments, prices current, &c. 1 a : c BEST BREED OF COWS. ! ' (From the Quebec Mercury.) A paragraph lately appeared in this paper, ) ;ating that the lower Canada Society for the j s romotion of Agriculture had received an-1 s vers to certain queries proposed by them, 1 n matters connected with cattle, to the I light lion. Sir John Sinclair, Bart; Aiton, ? )sq., Charles Trordon, Esq. Secretary to 1 ip Highland Society; and William I lam- a :on, Esq.,Secretary to the Botanical and lorticultural Society of Plymouth. M'e a avo been favored with the answer* of these 1 entlemen foe publication; tlicy arc given clow, and will be found to convey much S ery useful information, communicated with c readiness and in a manner to atford am- ? Ie proof of the ability and willingness of ; jese distinguished characters to promote ( ie extension of agricultural knowledge, by c very assistance they can render. t Sir John Sinclair and Mr. Aiton accom- I anied their answers with copies of their i espcctive works on agriculture, which are of t Teat value; and Mr. Hamilton rendered his 1 ;ttcr doubly aeccp'able by conveying, at i ie same time,a further supply of the Victoria < r Carraccas Wheat. The communications < f these gentlemen follow [in part :J . . Answers to emeries put by the Agricultunl Society of Lower Canada, at Quebec, to 1 le Right Hon. Sir John Sinclair, Bart. : 1 Query 1.?What, in your opinion, is the4 tost celebrated breed of milch cows in i I Jreat Britain ? i Answer.?The improved dairy cows in the < estern counties of Scotland arc certainly, 1 ow, the most celebrated and valuable breed * f milch cows in Great Britain, or any oth- t r part of Europe. Such is the opinion of i no who has carefully inspected all the dif- < ?rent breeds of cattle in Scotland, in many i < f the countries of England, as well as on I i jc continent from Paris to the Texel. The ! < ows in Cheshire arc not of a uniform breed, t ut a mixture of those in the neighbouring < ounties, and of Scotch and Irish breeds, all c rossed and blendid together. As they are r ot so well led and treated as the dairy stock i l Scotland, they are inferior to them in t in millcinrr. The r UV,Il i , - J.- - ? , >urham or Tees water breed are superior a s dairy cows, to any other breed in Eng- n md; and if they were as well led and trea- t< d as the Scotch dairy stock, they would v ]uaJ jhem in beauty and good qualities, e 'tie cattle in Holland have often been men- p jnod as excellent dairy cows, but from the s jality of their pasture, and the way thev b e fed in winter, the Dutch cows have strong y >nes, coarse shapes, and do not yield so b uch milk, in proportion to their size, as n e dairy cows in the western counties of oi ;otland. For the history,shapes and qual- a cs of that breed, the Society arc humbly P1 ferred to the account of.the Dutcli Dairy T attic and Husbandry, in the tour through fc at countrv. sent with thc*o answers. m ' Qucrie 2.?What quantify of milk would i cow of such a breed give per day ? Answer.?There is such diversity ii^the uantiry of milk, that some cows yield more iian others of the same breed, and still more i what every cow will give under various hanges of circumstances; that it is not easy > fix the proper average of the return of ny breed. Cows sprung from the same arents, and reared and fed together, will ofm vary considerably in the quantity of lilk they yield. Cows give less milk when oimg, or when they arc too old, than they o from four to eight years of their age. 'ows that arc leaan give less milk, and that 1* on inferior quality, than the same cows rill give when they are in a good habit of ody. Cows generally give more milk for >vo or three months after calving than they o afterwards. And the manner in which " - * | icy arc led and treated nas a powenui eijet on the milking of cows. J But without going into particulars, or menoning extraordinary returns that some cows ave made, it may be stated, with entire ' onfidencc, that the fair average of the anual returns of milk, given by thousands of ic best ot the Ayrshire dairy cows, when 3 icy are in good condition and well fed, and rlien they drop their calves about the end f the month of April, will be nearly as unter. . \-i first f>0 days, 12 Scots pints or (24 quarts) per da)', 600 Sccood 50 dava. 10 pints or (20 quarts) per day, " ?00 * Third do. 7 pints per day, or (14 j quarts) t 252 4 Garth do. 4 do. do. or (8 qca*i?)'*"200 ja 'iflh do. 4 . do. ? do. or (8 quarts) S0O >Uth do. -1 do. do. or (8 quarts) 150 2^00 Some of these cows give still greater re. urnSfiind very many thai are of inferior izes, or worse fed, do uot give nearly so * 1- ? nk/M'O P,,f ,K/> Srtrtl. I nucii inmt us diuiuu u w-r# div? i^w*w i ty inn v depend upon the fact, that the prop- 1 ;r dairy cows, when in good plight, and well I applied with proper food, will, in general, .-'3 rich! 2.000 Scots pints, or 4,000 quarts of & nilk eveiy year. And it is equally certain hat 14 or 15 quarts of that milk wiH gene. .->9 ally yield 22 or 23 ounces of butter; and hat from 55 to 60 pints (110 or 120 quat^) >f that inilk, with its cream, will yield twenty our pounds avoirdupois of full milk cheese. i Query 3.?What would be the price of i cuwofsucha breed from two to tnroe - j cars old, and in calf ? J Answer.?The prices of milch cows ary so much from diversity of circumstances that it is not easy to fix the price for any engtii of time. The scarcity of fodder firm i very dry summer; the failure of pasture J icrbage from the sani2 cause,"or from the veather being cold and stormy in the months 1 >f .May and June, which frequently liap>cns in the changeable climate of Scotland, vill sometimes lower the price of milch cows en, twenty, or thirty per cent., while in rpore iivouroblc season will raise price consider. ,bly. These cattle are twenty or thirty per ' 9 ent. cheaper in harvest than they are in day or June. The crops having been bundant, and the summers fine for three ears past, the prices of milch cows are con* * > iderably higher than they have been for evcral years before. Some milch cows of lie best sort, and in good condition, have icon sold -as high as <?25; out? iows from two to tiiree years old ahd dj n caif, maybe procured of the best sort, it from ? 10 to ?12 each, orstill cheaper. # j Query 4.?What would be the price of i bull of the same breed, from eighteen nouths to two years old ? * Answer.?Bulls also vary much io price. Ionic of the best dairy bulls have beco sold is high as from ?150 to ?200: while one of in ordinary description may frequently be irocured for jC9 or ?12. It would be prop. ;r to select a bull for Canada about two years >ld, ns the best looking calves frequently aL er so much iu their shapes and cbarac'er < >ofore they come to maturity, at to render t unsafe to trust to what they may turn out, * intil they arc two years old. The dairy Kills, that have most of a feminine aspect, ire preferred to those that are more mas* ruline* A dairy bull of good shape and ? ?- - - '? ??/ ..?>/! C>? alvrkiit fir ]lKlIKlt'S IDiiy UC pilA/UXVU IV4 uwv/ui v? eio. Query. 5.?What is the most celebrated )ree<l of cows in Great Britain, or elsewhere * ; or the hroduction of butter? ' Answer.?The quanity of butter yielded n- t'rws," depends more on the food given hem, than on any peculiarity of the breed >f cattle; and the quality of the butteris greaty influenced |>y the mode of feeding, and sill more by the manner in which the but- * ." ct is manufactured. Cows that Browze on latural pasture, or what is called old turf, 1-1 ?? -"i i?U mill' na * tin oamn JO not VIC1U NO IIIUOU llliirv ito iiiv ouuiu rows would give when fed on clover, tumps, cabbages, and new herbage, but the millc >f the former is of better quality, and yields no re and richer butter, from any given [uantity of milk, than that of cows fed* on dover, &c\ Some individual cows of evey breed give richer milk, and of course nore butter in proportion to their milk, than >lher cows oftbe same breed, and when eared and fed in the same manner. Milk, is k comes from the cows, consists of cafy uattor, from which butter made, lactic matcr, which forms cheese, and scrium, or vhey : and the milk of particular cows of very breed differs considerably in the proportions it contains of these respective sub. tanccs. But it is doubtful if any particular reed can bo pointed out, which uniformly ield more butter than any of the Other reeds, except in so far as they yield more lilk, or are influenced by climate, the mode f feeding, <Scc.'%*?>Jtfuch butter, and that of superior quality, is made in Holland, and irticularly in the Province of Freiseland. 'his poems to proceed from the cattle being :d ou meadows whero the herbage is of atucal growth, and very rich. The cows ""* - ^ r-_. 9