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3 afrr lantbrrg ijrralb $2.00 Per Year in Advance BAMBERG, S. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1920. Established in 1891 GIVES HISTORY OM CONFEDERATE FLAG TELLS OF CHANGES MADE IN EMBLEM. AT FIRST UNSUITABLE. Bore Close Resemblance to Stars and Stripes.?Bonnie Blue Flag First Used in Mississippi. So many inquiries as to the Confederate flag have been received at 4-l^rv Vvli a li Vvt?e rtr ^ V? n f f ]*? r? f AlTArrrin IUC puunt i iuiai j Liiai tuc iuhu n nib information is supplied by the library for the benefit of all interested. There was during the first year a very wide variety of flags and standards used by the south, the first seing the Palmetto flag which consisted of a white field bearing a green palmetto in the center and underneath it the motto of the South Caroline state, "Animis Opibusque Parati." March 4, 1862, the day that Lincoln was inaugurated president of the United States, the Confederate convention at Montgomery adopted as the official flag of the Confederacy the "stars and bars," which was the first of the three official flags used. This flag consisted of a red field with a white space extending horizontally through the center, and equal in width of the flag; the red space above and below to the same width as the white. The union to be blue,' extending at the lower red space, in the center of the union a circle of snViiffi c< tare r>nrrpsnnndins' in number I o ~ (then seven) with the states of *he Confederacy. Events showed that the resemblance of this flag to the stars and stripes wTas too pronounced and occasioned confusion and mistakes. In the first battle of Bull Run the stars and bars was several times mistaken for the stars and stripes and vice versa. After this battle Gen. Joseph E. Johnston adopted the "battle flag" which was designed by General Beauregard and this was afterward adopted as the battle flag of the Confederacy by the Confederate congress. The flag was "a red crimson field across from one corner to the other the stars white or gold, the blue being separated from the red by a white field." Similar to British. As the need of a change from the official flag became apparent, after much discussion, the second flag of the Confederacy was established by congress May 1, 18 63. This was to be "a white field, with the union, 'now used as the battle flag' to be a square two-thirds the width of the flag having the ground red; therein . a broad saltire (St. Andrew's cross) of the blue bordered with the white and emblazoned with the white mullets or five pointed stars, corresponding in number with that the of Con federate states." The objections to this flag were that at a distan'ce it bore a close resemblance, to the British white ensign and also that when it fell limp around the flag pole, it had the appearance of a flag of truce. These objections were so valid that congress decided to add a broad transverse stripe of red to the end of the fly of the flag, this change being of ficially adopted February 4, 1865. Thirteen ^cates Represented. The thirteen states on the flag represented the thirteen states of the Confederate union which in order of their secession were South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, Missouri and Kentucky. The "Bonnie Blue Flag," which inspired the rousing battle song of that name, was, according to Harrison's authoritative work, "The stars and stripes and other American flags," first used in Jackson, Miss. It wras made of silk by the ladies of that city and presented to the president of the convention, W. S. Barry. This convention adopted the 'ordinance of secession January 9, 1861, and the presentation of the flag occurred after the announcement of the passage of the ordinance. It was waved aloft hv Prpsidpnf Rarrv nmirl vptim nf wild enthusiasm. The flag is described as being a "flag of white ground, a magnolia tree in the center, a blue field in the upper left hand corner with a white star in the center, finished with red border ana a red fringe at the extremity of the flag." The song, the "Bonnie Blue Flag" is disputed of authorship but the most reliable authorities seem to agree that it was written by Harry | CARLISLE SCHOOL NOTES Clipped From The Bugle. A meeting of the student body was called Tuesday to decide the fee tc be paid for membership in the rifle club. The fee last year was 50 cents but on account of some work that is necessary to be don3 on the range, il was decided to increase the fee tc 75 cents. It is with deep regret that we ah receive the news of the death of Capt Webster's father, who was accidentally killed in an automobile wreck last Sunday afternoon in Greensboro N. C. Capt. Webster departed foi Greensboro soon after the news had been received, and is now with his step-mother, who was probably fatally injured in the same accident. A big squad answered the roll cab for the landscape gardening class This organization is doing wonderfu! work for the boys as it relieves them of their "surplus" energy. Mr. Poag the president, had advised his "secretary," Mr. Brewer, not to add anj new members to the roll unless the parties wishing admission prove thai they have the surplus energy required. A meeting of this organization was held Monday and Cadets Stackhouse, Loveland and Kirby showed their skill in cuttin'g trees. A second meeting was held Tuesday and the) have partially completed the rifle pit THE KID SPEAKS. Now one of my sister's best beaux Is extremely fond of loud heaux, So oft when he'll call And they sit in the hall, He will peaux, so heaux he'll expaux, S. S. Williams, of Norway, visited Capt. Lanham Sunday. Miss Kearse went to her home al Olar this past week-end. Mr. and Mrs. Arant and son, from Bowman, visited Cadet Leonard Arant Sunday. Capt. Stabler spent the week-end at his home at North. P. .0. Bonnette, of Neeces, visited Cadets Carsie and Zula Bonnette on Sunday. J. C. Inabinet, of Orangeburg, was on the campus Sunday. TWO DEAD; ONE WOUNDED. Three eDaths May Result From Infatuation of Married Man. Chattanooga, Oct. 30.?Mrs. Lulu Mitchell and W. M. Howard, a photographer, are dead, Miss Anna Mitchell, step-daughter of the dead woman, is in a hospital probably fatally injured, and Mrs. B. Elliott is held at police headquarters, charged with accessory to murder as the result of a triangular domestic mix-up here today. Howard, who was married, but infatuated with the Mitchell girl, encountered at the Elliott home the Mitchells, shot the two women and then sent a bullet through his own heart. Two ^bullets penetrated the body of Anna Mitchell, and physicians hold out no hope for her recovery. Mrs. Mitchell was instantly killed. W. O. Mitchell, nusnana 01 the dead woman, was an eye witness to the killings, but being unarmed, was unable to interfere. Mitchell told the police that the direct cause of the tragedy was his objection to Howard associating with his daughter after he had learned that he had a wife and two children living at Rockwood, Tenn. He also said that his daughter had left home and took up residence with Mrs. Elliott in order to be near Howard. The first shots were fired at Miss Mitchell, who had left the room occupied by her parents, and then Howard opened fire on the elder Mitchell and his wife, the woman being killed and Mitchell rusing to a neighbor to secure a gun. It was while Mitchell seeking the gun that Howard turned the revolver on himself, according to Mitchell. Howard had been arrested on complaint of the father of Anna Mitchell and was out on bond. Did it on Purpose. "Ever have any accidents?" asked the insurance man of the lanky westerner who had in an application for a policy. "Nope," then he added as an after thought, "got a couple of rattlesnake bites, though." "Great Ccott, man! Don't you call those accidents?" "No sir. They bit me on purpose." McCarthy, an Irish comedian who was in the hall when the vote on the ordinance was taken, that it was sung mat evening tor me nrsi tune at the Spengler theatre.?Greenville Piedmont. REPUBLICANS WIN BY BIG MAJORITY > ! VOTE BEING PILED UP FOR THE i & G. (). P. IN EASTERN STATES. - RETURNS FROM WEST. ? Governor Cox's Own Newspaper and I * Chairman White Concede Defeat of Democratic Cause. New York, Nov. 2.?In the face of ' returns showing the growing land j slide for Harding, Governor Cox's own newspaper, the Dayton Daily News, and Chairman White of the Democratic national committee, soon after 11 o'clock tonight conceded the I election of Senator Harding. Without waiting for returns from the west I which four years ago elected Wilson t in the face of pluralities for,' Hughes throughout the east, the Democratic f . candidate and his chief manager conr ceded that in the "solemn referen, dum" which President Wilson declart ed would decide the league of na- ' . tions question, American voters had preferred Harding, who favored . "staying out." [ Governor Cox, who was in his [ newspaper office when the concession j of Senator Harding's election was published, said he would issue no statement. Senator Harding at his home in Marion said he was "more : given to prayer to God to make me capable of playing my part" than he was to exultation. At 11:15 o'clock, eastern' time, . with the west and middle west still scarcely heard from, the Harding ^ landslide in the east was continuing with gathering momentum. : At the rate the Harding column was growing at that hour, the Re1 publican plurality in the state of New York would be around the unprecedented figure of more than a million. ! Newr Yorjk city, normally Democratic, was going for Harding by at least a ^ half million. The governorship fight 1 continued close with Republican maa-; agers claiming the defeat of Gov. 1 Smith. Pennsylvania returns at that hour showed Harding leading Cox three to one and Senator Penriose elected. Massachusetts was promising Harding the greatest plurality ever given a presidential pandidate in that state. Boston had gone for a Republican for the second time in its history and had given Harding a greater lead ovar* Cox than it gave McKinlev over Bry' an in 1896. Returns from half of . Vermont gave Harding a three to one lead over Cox. Hughes beat Wilson f two to three in 1896. In the home district of Charles F. Murphy, leader of Tammany Hall, Harding beat Cox 2 to 1. Maine re| ported Harding leading Cox -by the largest plurality ever given to a presidential candidate. Ohio, one-fifth t complete, showed a growing vote for Handing. Harding carried two wards in the . city of Atlanta, Ga., and two parish. es in the Louisiana sugar belt, Both , Democratic territory. > In the New York senatorial race, Senator Wadsworth was leading his Democratic opponent, Lieutenant , Governor Walker. Senators Brandegee, of Connecticut, and Moses, of New Hampshire, opponents of the league of nations, both seemed certain of reelection. The late closing of polls in the western states, the difference in time, long ballots and a greatly increased vote, were the cause of the late returns from the west. Dayton, Ohio, Nov. 2.?Governor Cox's newspaper, the Dayton News, issued an extra edition shortly before 11 o'clock tonight conceding the -election of Senator Harding, the Republican candidate, as president. The governor himself said he would make no statement tonight. His newspaper, however, carried the election returns under the caption, "Republican Landslide; Harding Wins." Governor Cox himself did not formally concede his defeat regardless of the statements of his newspaper. He said: "I will make no statement tonight.! and whatever my paper says is purely impersonal." New York, Nov. 2.?George White, chairman of the Democratic national committee, conceded the election of Senator Hr:di/g at 11 o'clock tonight. Mr. White also conceded the election of/a Republican congress. ~''Read The Herald, $2.00 per year. WOMAN OWNS BIG FARM. 1,250,000 Acres in Three Texas Counties Operated by Woman. Rockefeller and Morgan may have a near-corner on the world's money, says a Kingsville, Texas, dispatch. Mrs. Henrietta M. King has a nearcorner on the world's land, or at least so it seems. For three hours by train one rides across her ranch. And still a two hour journey is ahead 'before the fence posts of her nearest neighbor is sighted. For Mrs. King, a sweet-faced motherly woman of 70, widow of Capt. Richard King, soldier and stockman, is the owner of the world's largest ranch. It has nearly 1,250,000 acres? nearly the size of Delaware. Forty miles of it is sanded beach. It covers every inch of three counties?Kleberg, Willacy and Cameron, But, most remarkable of all is Mrs. King's city?Kingsville. It is the only city of its kind in the world, residents say. For Kingsville, a modern city, lies in the dead center of the King ranch, surrounded on four sides by the 1,250,000 acres belonging to one person. At Mrs. King's palatial ranch home ?and mansion of Spanish beauty? one learns the story of the "biggest ranch" from its owner. "Fifty years ago .my husband and I settled here," she said. "We had but five neighbors in all south Texas. They owned ranches of approximately the same size as ours. Land was free then. Nobody wanted it; in fact, it was impossible to give it away. "Then my husband died. My daughter married the finest man in all south Texas. He had vision. He showed me how I could aid so many people through my land. I gave him full charge." Later the "finest man in south Texas"?Robert J. Kleberg, was interviewed. "Mrs. King is the most wonderful woman in the world," he said. "I explained to her my dream?the building up of this great ranch. She set aside 100,000 acres in the center of it and told me to experiment with it. "Today 5,500 people live here. They cultivate 26,000 acres of the finest land. Fifty thousand head of their cattle have free range on the rest. "My mother-in-law cultivates 2,000 acres more, in cotton, cane and kaffiro. Her 100,000 head of cattle are spread over the remainder of the property." Kleberg then pointed out the things Mrs. King has done: Twelve years ago one had to travel by wagon from Corpus Ohristi to the Mexican border. Mrs. King offered the St. Louis, Brownsville and Mexican Railroad property if they would build. A good railway and a $100,000 depot resulted. Built new high school and gave it to the children of the community. It cost $125,000. / Four other schools, one an industrial and agricultural school for Mex ican children, cost her $60,000 more. She now provides teachers for all of these. Two Catholic, one Presbyterian, a Methodist, a Baptist and a Christian church stand upon ground she gave. Built Casa Ricardo?a $200,000 hotel. Built "Santa Gertrudis," the magnificent King home, said to have cost $200,000, and is admitted to be the most beautiful dwelling fa south Texas. Cotton gins, owned by the people, were made possible through her gifts and aid. "We're never bothered with legislators probing the housing question here," the natives say. "We've found the garden of Eden?their official name for Kingsville?and, while city folks worry about their two-room i apartments, we're livng in happiness on our'ranch of 1,250,000 acres? making money and growing?all in 12 years." m i? ^ . Off the Dot. Tt was a hot day and the teacher was endeavoring to teach his unappreciative class the rudiments of geometry. "With the point as center," he began, placing one leg of the compass ] on that point. Then he turned to the boys to make soem remark, inadvertently letting his compass slip. Immediately the black sheep of the flock raised his hand and waved it wildly. "Yes, Johnson," answered the master. 1 "Pleas, sir," came the prompt re- i ply, "you're off your dot!" LORD MAYOR DIES IN BREXTON PRISON TERENCE MACSWINEY ENTERING 74th DAY OF STRIKE. BRAINS OF HIS PARTY. Body Carried to Cork for Interment, Which Took Last Sunday at Former Home. London, Oct. 25.?Terence Mac Swiney, lord mayor or uorK, tne most prominent of the hunger strikers and said to have been the brains of the republican army in Ireland, died early today in Brixton prison. The end was not unexpected, for the lord mayor had been unconscious for several days. He was entering upon the 74th day of his hunger strike as a protest against a sentence of two years imprisonment on several charges, including one of having seditious documents in his possession. Only his brother, John MacSwiney, and his private chaplain, Father Dorninic, were with him when he died. Mrs. MacSwiney and the prisoner's two sisters, Annie and Mary, were at a nearby hotel. The lord mayor, who was terribly emaciated as a result of his long abstinence from food, had been delirious for many hours, and was unconscious when death came. Family Reaches Prison. It was several hours after the lord mayor died before his brother was permitted to tell Mrs. MacSwiney the sad news. She immediately went to the prison accompanied by her parents and Mrs. MacSwiney and the family group, stoical and dryatr/v J /vttaw J AO/1 VvA/Itt A "* if cJcu, yiajcu uvci i,uc ucau uuuj ao u lay on the cot. There were no untoward demonstrations outside the prison after the news of MacSwiney's death became generally known. A large force of police had been concentrated to put down any disorder that might occur. It was said at the prison that the reason for . withholding permission from John MacSwiney to inform the relatives of his condition that it was in the prisoner's interest. Just before MacSwiney died Father Dominic and John MacSwiney knelt the the bedside and offered up prayers. The priest administered . the rites of extreme unction. The body of MacSwiney was carried to Cork and interment took place on Sunday. FLORENCE TIES CARLISLE. Slow and Listless Game is Full of Wrangling. Florence, Oct. 29.?Florence high school battled the heavy Carlisle school here today to a draw, the final score being 0 to 0. Neither team showed much offensive. Carlisle had the better of it on line plunging while Florence completed many for ward passes of both the long and short variety. The Carlisle quarter back gained most ground for his team. Brunson, for Florence, passed well and played good defensive ball. The game was low, listless and featured by unnecessary -wrangling in which both teams played a part. Referee, Terry; umpire, Timmons; headlinesman, Inman; time of quarters, 14 minutes. ioi ? ABDUCTION CHARGED. Married Men in Bennettsville AiTested on Serious Charge. Bennettsville, Nov. 1.?0. T. McBride and J. P. Hurt were arrested today and brought before Magistrate J. P. Gibson on a warrant charging them with the abduction of two young school girls about fourteen years of age. The two girls left home to attend school Friday morning and failed to return to their homes that afternoon, and they were not found until Sunday night. The two girls were seen yesterday near Hasty, N. C., by a citizen of Bennettsville ?nd his wife. McBride, who was known to one of the girls as Tom McCriver and single, is a married man of Cheraw. Hurt is a man of family here. Mc Bride waived preliminary hearing ana was released on $2,000 bond. Feeling is very strong against the defendants, but they will be allowed a full and fair hearing. The Herald Book Store can sell rou ledgers, cash books, etc., at pricai cheaper than elsewhere. Our stock was bought more than a year ago. / ' 3 KILLED IN MOT. More' Than 100 Heavily Armed Officials on Duty in Fighting Zone. Montgomery, Nov. 1.?Three negroes known to "be dead, fifteen in the Montgomery county jail and property loss through incendiary fires of Saturday night and Sunday night, ap-^ proximating $100,000 recapitulates the outbreak in the southern part of this county early tonight. Over one hundred heavily armed county and city officials and civilian volunteers are on duty at strategic points in the affected area tonight, although it was generally believed the threatened uprising had been nipped. The killing of Warren Taylor, negro, the third to die in connection Tirif Vl f A ATTAnf A ? f V* A fwTA II 1111 C*CUlO UI C11C JJCIOC 1U1 LJ "LlffU hours, occurred early this afternoon, tol at Chief of Police Taylor, Sheriff after he had emptied a pistol at John L. Scoggin and other officials * who had placed him under arrest at . his home eighteen miles south of this city. Taylor had reported earlier in the day an attempt to burn his property by night riders, the robbery of his store and an attempt upon his own life. While he was being treat- , ed for a buckshot wound in his shoulder in the city, officers went to his home and questioned his mother and found the two statemnts at variance. * They found also the safe Taylor had reported had been stolen under his bed. The discrepancy in the accounts as given caused the officers to decide on Taylor's arrest and when he came home he fount? the officers waiting for him. When he was bundled into the chief's automobile, he seized 3 a gun lying in the car and started shooting. Detective Sergeant Avant, pinioned the negro's arms causing his aim to be ineffective. Before the negro had emptied the pistol, however, he was fired on from the side and eight bullets pierced his head, caus- j ing instant death. Conflicting reports were received at Montgomery throughout the day from the southern part of the county, con pled with alleged threats to destroy ' one or two rural towns during the night. This caused the swearing in of 100 civilians who with county and city officials are on guard in those localities tonight. A prevailing report here tonight, which was without cdnfirmation due to inability to secure * i iy connections with the community, was to the effect that four negroes had ben shot to death near Highland Home, Ala., early in the day. A Croesus on Wheels. New York, Oct. 30.?A negro Croesus came out of the west today rid. *r" '" ing a freight car. His legs were wrapped with $100,000 in stocks, bound to him by cloth/and his pockets held $250 in cash and an impressive bank book. When removed from the crude , \ traveling berth and taken to court on a disorderly conduct charge, he described himself as Gurley Green, of Chicago, and said he expected to be a millionaire soon, telling the judge his stock holdings totalled $900,000. Asked why he did not travel in better style, as befitted a person of so much wealth, he explained "there's ' t more fun riding freights." m i?> Many Strikes. ; , i ~ Apropos of Henry Watterson's retirpmpnt from thf* T>rmisvillft Courier w"w Journal, a Louisville banker said to the great editor: "I understand your ^ idea is to start a paper of your own that will strike a new note." "Well," fenced the veteran, "that would be a welcome change, for papers out here do nothing but note a new strike." ^ i>> ? Practice Makes Perfect. _________ ' ^ "What crime did you commit to be in here?" inquired the prison visitor. "I guess it must have been because I attended too many weddings.'' "I see! You stole the gifts or drank too much champagne?" "No, it was not that. It was just V>anonc<n T woe olwovo tVia hrirltt x ?r uo ui ? u/j KJ iuv groom." answered the arch-bigamist. Invitation Issued. The following invitation has been, issued: "Mr. and Mrs. James Barre Guess relguest the honor of your presence at the marriage of their daughter, Mary Frances, to Mr. Charles Decania Barr, Jr., on Thursday, the 11th. day of November, at 8 o'clock in the evening, at Bethel Park Methodist Episcopal church, Denmark, S. C." Mr. and Mrs. Barr will be at home after December the first, Leesville, S. C.