University of South Carolina Libraries
f^epamfcergJieraUn ESTABLISHED APRIL, 1891. Thursday, May 3, 1917. THE AMERICAN FLA(i. Something About Old (Jlory Not Known By All. Today probably several million American flags are waiving in the breezes, significant of the calm and dignified yet deep and lasting patriotism of the American people. By this your native land or adopted country, you pledge allegience to that flag and uncover as you pass. And yet what do you know about its origin, its meaning and its history? A lecture ^ trip to the United States national museum in Washington, the national depository of American relics, will tell you much about it. Thprp were manv forms of early flags, especially colonial types used by the individual colonies and militia regiments before the flag of the United States was established by our continental congress, on July 14, 3 777, now celebrated as flag day. This act required that the flag of the United States be of thirteen alternate red and white stripes, and that the union be thirteen white stars on a blue field, representing a new constellation, but it did not define how many points the stars should have, how they should be arranged nor make provision for additional ones. At the time of the adoption of this resolution Washington is said to have observed, "We take the star from heaven, the red from our mother country, separating it by white stripes, thus showing that we have separated from her, and the white striDes shall go down to posterity representing liberty." The first display of the Stars and Stripes is believed to have been on August 6, 1777, when the new flag was hoisted over the troops at Fort Schuyler, Rome, X. Y. John Paul Jones is said to have been the first to fly the Stars and Stripes over the high seas, on the Ranger, in November, 1777. The national museum has an early naval twelve star flag, said to have been flown by John Paul Jones during the war of the revolution. It has been well said that the American national emblem stands for American ideals and ideas?it is not the flag of a family or a house, but the flag of the whole people. It is the emblem of liberty and freedom being indicative of individual independence and yet symbolic of a united and closely bonded people. In the national museum at Washington, among the many other patriotic relics and emblems, are displayed thirty historic American flags. On the labels the history of each is recorded. Some came from the fields of battle, some from famous sea fights, and others were flown over garrisons or forts by distinguished American officers. The series of flags show very well the periodic changes which have taken place in our flag. From the time of the revolution the Stars and Stripes in the flag have varied. There were thirteen stars during the revolution, fifteen, in the war .of 1812. twenty-nine in the Mexican war, thirty-three to thirty-five in the civil war. forty-five in the Spanish war and there are forty-eight today. The stripes were changed first from thirteen to fifteen, and then back again to thirteen. It may be surprising to know that our national flag is among the oldest flags of the nations, being older than the present British Jack, the French tri-color and the flag of Spain, and many years older than the flags of Germany and Italy, some of which are either personal flags or those of the reigning families. The flag of the highest historic * * A.X 1 1 - ana sentimental vaiue to me wuuie country is in the national museum collection. It is the original "Star Spangled Banner," which flew over Fort McHenry in Baltimore harbor i during the bombardment 011 September 13-14, 1814. and was the inspiration of Francis Scott Key's immortal poem, now sung as the national anthem. This flag, exhibited in the museum arts and industries building, also known as the "Fort McHenry Flag." is of the fifteen star-andstripe type adopted after the admission of Vermont and Kentucky by an act approved by President Washington January 1J, 17H4. The "Star Spangled Banner" measures about thirty feet square, though it was probably somewhat longer and is much battered and torn, with one star missing, possibly shot away. This great historic souvenir of the war of 1S12 has lately been preserved by quilting on heavy linen and will ever remain one of the country's most precious relics. From 17i?."> this form continued as the standard flag until President Monroes administration. when congress enacted that it should thereafter be of fifteen stripes, with the addition of a star for each new State, commencing July t HANDLING AN EPIDEMIC. Preventive Methods Soon Checked Spread of Typhoid Plague. The way in which modern science handles an epidemic is well illustrated in the recent typhoid epidemic at Lawrence. Twenty-tv.o students were affected and there were three deaths. That tlie epidemic was promptly stamped out was due to the energetic application of the methods of preventive medicine. With the cooperation of the State board of health the university authorities traced the source of infection to a well from which all those affected j had drunk. It was discovered that 1 ivoii Uoa lioon infor>tort frnm n L i- C ?> CH liUU UV^Vn urn WWV4 v? ? typhoid patient in the summer. The infection had been brought to Lawrence in .May, and there had been several cases in the summer which had not been reported to the board of health. A connection from the sewer to the well was definitely traced, so there was no question as to the source of the trouble. Xot satisfied with isolating the patients and thus preventing the spread of the disease, the authorities began inoculating students against typhoid, and more than 1,300 so far have been treated. This treatment has proved so effective that it has been used to banish typhoid from all armies. So recently as the time of the Spanish war typhoid epidemics often assumed formidable proportions. Now they can be controlled, and the time is coming when typhoid will become exceedingly rare?as rare as small pox in Germany.?Kansas City Star. Where the Farmhouse iieats the Flat. In Farm and Fireside a writer says: , "A farm family living on 160 acres, with the nearest neighbors a quarter of a mile away, can know but little of the annoyance of living in the city with a dozen neighbors constantly within sight and hearing. They can look into your windows upstairs as well as down. They can smell your dinner, watch your visitors come and go. and scrutinize the contents of your clothesline. Farm homes have few of these 'city advantages,' though I doubt whether country people fully appreciate the privacy of their homes until they go to the city to live. A Sincere Tribute. In an article about music in the February Woman's Home Companion, Albert Spalding, the well-known violinist. relates an incident to show how fond of music some Americans are. He says: "One night after finishing a concert in Alliance. Ohio. I was waiting at the station for the next train to New York. I was walking up and down, when a man came up to me and, holding out his hand, said, 'Mr. Spalding, 1 was at your concert, f enjoyed it very much.' "Let me say right here that that kind of praise, prompted as it is by spontaneous gratitude, is the most cherished that any artist ever enjoys. Needless to say. I was tickled to death and told the man so. " "I live in a small town.' he went on. "about a hundred miles away. We don't get much music out there. I have to travel for all the good music 1 do hear. 1 gave up a day's work to hear you play. I've got to travel all night to get back and open up my shop in the morning.' "I learned there was no sleeper on his train. He had to sit up all night. "That man was a real music lover. He had never heard me play before. It was not my personality, but the music that drew him to the concert. He was an American?not by adop tion?but generations deep in the old soil." Found It Out. "So you were invited to participate in a profit-sharing scheme?" "Yes." "How did you come out?" "I discovered that the purpose of the scheme was not sharing, but shearing."?Birmingham Age-Herald. 4, 181$. For many years the army did not carry the Stars and Stripes in battle, though it had been in general use as a garrison flag. The land forces dur ing this period and before it carried what was known as national colors or standards of blue with the arms of the United States emblazoned thereon, comprising an eagle surmounted by stars, with the designation of the body of troops. In 1.834 war department regulations gave the artillery the right to carry the Stars I and Stripes. I j Many styles and forms of tlie srars j and stripes (lap were in existence up to 1S12, and it was not until during I President Taft's administration that [ definite specifications were drawn up. J An executive order dated October 20, i 1012. tended to standardize the j "Stars and Stripes." and yet further ! specifications in sizes were found t | necessary by President Wilson last j year. BRITISH TANK FI(*HTIN(J. Canadian Tells How Strange Machines (iive Battle. The first account of fighting as viewed from the inside of a British j "tank"* is contained in a letter, just j released by the censor, from Sergt. I F. E. Divall. a Canadian, who has I been attached to one of the "tank"| companies. He says: "The order to advance is given. Steadily the iong. powerful shapes move forward in the gray mists of floVCll A e t o-oi tvl_1 aaL'J n rv 4-* ? ii. mr u en u-iv/ut\ni5 IUI iii^ travel over the front trench the troops therein rub their eyes in wonder at the strange cube-impressionist cast of many colors which the 'tanks' are wearing. Inside the 'tanks' are the keen-eyed fighting men, strangely garbed, as becomes their strange craft, while around them is a complicated mass of machinery. "Now we are passing over shellholes, tree stumps, and many other trifles, which fill the ground of 'Xo Man's Land.' The deck of the 'tank' rolls and pitches like a torpedo-boat in a storm. The crew hold on to anything within reach to steady ourselves while we rush down a large shell-hole. But we come safely through without seasickness. "Suddenly the gunnery officer gives the order: To action.' His voice is only just heard above the noise of the whirling machinery. A few sighting shots, and we have found the range. We succeed in putting^ out two machine gun emplacements. the guns of which have been worrying our infantry for some time. And now the action begins in earnest. Hun bullets are rebounding from our tough sides like hail from a glass roof, while inside the 'tanks' the whole crew is at various guns, which break forth in a devastating fire, under which nothing can live. "And now we are on the parapet of the first Hun trench', just on the outskirts of the wood, which is our objective. and as we go bumping on to the other side we land with a terrific bump. A can of petrol has slipped from its pigeonhole, and come clattering down on to the armored deck, with its stopper shaken out, and the dangerous spirit running over the floor. However, we enfiladed that trench, followed up the retreating Huns for a minute or two, cleared out the nearest dugout, and went on our way to the next trench. "By this time the fumes from the hundreds of rounds which we had fired, with the heat from the engines and the waste petrol and oil. have rn o / ? /\ f li o MiiUft A>\iM?AOCTnr/N n yr\ si iiiauc; cue: CLIJ VJIIILC' aiivi /r"-v uncomfortable to breathe. Now we are nearing the next enemy trench, and we hear the deep report of bursting bombs, above the pattering of the storm of bullets, striking our armor. # "Soon we find ourselves on the edge of the Hun trench. This proves to be composed of s^ell holes of all sizes, just linked together, showing how severe our previous bombardment had been. The Huns show fight here, and we have a warm ten minutes before they give signs of retreating. We leave them far a minute or two in order to ram a machine-gun emplacement, which is still threatening our rapidly advancing infantry. We just crawl over the embankment, guns and all; it is not neccessary to fire a single shot. "Now it is time tor us to advance to the next and last position. We have the good fortune to strike a road which has escaped serious damage, and. making all speed along this we make up to the Huns who have escaped from the last trench. But they have had enough of the all-devouring monster, and are ready to throw down their arms and make their way to our infantry glad to be prisoners. "The last trench proves to be the worst, for just as we are crossing a large hole our 'bus stops. Two or three Huns, seeing our difficulty, crawl out of a hole like rabbits, and are brave enough to creep on the back of the 'tank' from behind. But we hear them on the armor and they were doomed not to get the iron cross, for we open a small trap-door and shoot them with a revolver. Of course, we had seen them before they reached the "tank.' but a? our mechanism was giving us a little change of occupation just then, we did not trouble about them. ' And now the old 'bus is going strong again. Only just in time, for a large lyddite bomb bursts against the armored jacket of my gun. The flare conies in through the port-hole, blinding me for a minute or two. while small splinters strike my face. But my gun is still untouched, thanks to the armor plate, and. somehow, seems to work much better. And now I catch some Huns retreating along a trench almost in line with a burst of fire. The Germans are now scattered in small parties. It is almost like playing at hide-and-seek i as we now travel backward and forward along that trench. After a few short runs we find no more Huns to hunt." STATKMKXT Of the ownership, management, circulation. etc.. re(iuired by the act of congress of August 24, 1912, of The Iiamberg Herald, published weekly at Bamberg, S. C.. for April 1. 1917. State ot South Carolina. County of Bamberg. Before me, a notary public, in and for the State and county aforesaid, personally appeared R. M. Hitt, who. having been duly sworn acocrding to law deposes and says that he is an editor of The Bamberg Herald, and that the following is, to the best of his knowledge and belief, a true statement of the ownership, management (and ;if a daily paper, the circulation), etc.. of the aforesaid publication for the date shown in the above caption, required by the act of August 24. 1912. embodied in section 4 42. postal laws and regulations, printed on the reverse of this form, to wit: 1. That the names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers are: Publishers, Hitt & Bruce, Bamberg, S. C.: Editors, R. M. Hitt and R. M. Bruce, Bamberg, S. C.; Managing editors, R. M. Hitt & R. M. Bruce. Bamberg, S. C.; business managers, R. M. Hitt and R. M. Bruce. Bamberg, S. C. 2. That the owner is: (Give names and addresses of individual owners, or, if a corporation, give its name and the names and addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 per cent, or more of the total amount of stock): A. W. Knight, Bamberg, S. C. 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 per cent, or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages, or other securities are: None. 4. That the two paragraphs next above, giving the names of the owners. stockholders, and security holders. if any, contain not only the list of stockholders and security holders as they appear upon the books of the company but also in cases where the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any other fiduciary relation, the name of the person or corporation for whom such trustee is acting, is given: also that the said two paragraphs contain statements embracing affiant's full knowledge and belief as to the circumstances and conditions under which stockholders and security holders who do not appear upon the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and securities in a capacity other than that of a bona fide owner; and this affiant has no reason to believe that any other person, association, or corporation has any interest direct or indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other securities than as so stated by him. 5. That the average number of copies of each issue of this publication sold or distributed, through the mails or otherwise, to paid subscribers during the six months preceding the date shown above is (This information is required from daily publications only.) R. M. HITT. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 24th day of April, 1917. H. H. STOKES, N. P. S. C. (.My commission expires at the pleasure of the governor.) Winthrop College. SCHOLARSHIP AXI) EXTRAXCK EXAMINATION The examination for the award of vacant scholarships in Winthrop College and for the admission of new students will be held at the county court house on Friday, July 6, at 9 a. m. Applicants must not be less than sixteen years of age. When O/itinto^pliinc ova trar>?>nt after Tlllv OV/HViai Ollipo U1 V T UVUA1V IIAVVSA w V they will be awarded to those making the highest average at this examination, provided they meet the conditions governing the award. Applicants for Scholarsiiips should write to President Johnson for Scholarship examination blanks. These blanks, properly filled out by the applicant, should be filed with President Johnson by July 1st. Scholarships are worth $100/ and free tuition. The next session will open September 19. 1917. For further information and catalogue, address PRESIDENT D. B. JOHNSON. Rock Hill, S. C. 7-th MARKETING HOGS. Beats burying them. Steve Hoover, Mt. Pleasant. Iowa, writes. "Commenced feeding my herd of about 100 hogs B. A. Thomas's Hog Powder over two months ago. Fifty were sick and off feed. Nearby herds had choiera. I did not lose one? they are well and growing fast." C. R. BRABHAM'S SONS. Bamberg. S. C. I GET THE I HABIT El plrv Store for vour Sfi IWatc-nes. Clocks, 38 and Jewelry. Your ? Jewelry repaired 10 and made equal to S Reid's Jewelry Store m Bamberg, S. C. gl| rich by the money that If YOU are extravagant roll this heavy stone out of your pathway to SUCCESS and WEALTH. Qne from one leaves NOTHING. If you spend ALL you earn with your labor or in your business you have ? nothing left. That's arithmetic. The way to quit throwing money away is to QUIT. Tht> \atnv hftnin fr> nuf mnnevin mir bank and arow rich is fa BEGIN. Begin now and Put YOUR money in OUR bank We pay 4 percent interest on savings accounts. 1 ac Ra nIr I I* vvi/tvw I BAMBERG, S. C. J.| I Horses and Mules I We have a full stock on hand of Horses and Mules. Our stock is se- 9 lected personally by a member of our 9 firm, and each animal sold has the 9 Jones Bros.' guarantee?and you 9 know what that means. When you 9 need a horse or mule, don't fail to 9 a come to our stable. We will take 9 I pleasure in showing you. Our stock 9 D is always in good condition?they are 31 ^^^^1 9 bought sound and sold sound. H I BUGGIES. WAGONS. HARNESS I B We have a splendid line of Buggies, B . Wagons, Harness, Lap Robes, Whips, BR BE Etc. We have a number of styles in B H Buggies and Harness, and we can B suit you. We handle only the best M vehicles to be had, and our prices B B are always right. Come to see us; B B you are always welcome. B Jones Bros. I | m GLENDALE1 | i MINERAL | : | SPRINGS? I | BAMBERG, S.C. I , ^ For Sale By ^ X W. I*. HKIiXROX % *<? Rain berg, S. C. ; dry DELIVERY MAIL BOXES A nice tin box that can be locked, and which is j waterproof, for sale at the Herald Book Store. Get one and have your mail delivered. 20c each J \ ... -i