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, PREHISTORIC USI OF FI v Was Originally Employ ^.T and Reverence.?i>? Washington , Washington, June 16.?During the : course of some special studies and reaserches on the utilization of fire, conducted by Dr: Walter Hough, Cur* ator of Ethnology, U. S., National Vfiieanm >110 oHontlftn XVQ? drflWTI t.O V peared into the air, it apparently^as- j cended to the heavens, carrying his : prayer or protestation to the Su-1 preme Being above. In this way smoke became symbolical of prayer. With that signification it was intro-| duced into the weird and often ter- j rible rites of the natives of Mexico j t and Contra! America and so remained I: until their religion was suppressed by the Spaniards. 'In the great temple-compound of f Mexico, it is said that there were six hundred masonry braziers, both of round and square design, arranged; before shrines and other sacrificial v ' places where perpeutal fires were i maintained and offerings consumed. These were not incense-burners in the strict sense, but victims were sometimes scorched before the fires,j ashes from the portable censers were j thrown into them, braziers and such j paraphernalia and offerings as were j used in the ceremony were here fin-! ally consumed. The braziers were the source from which live coals were % taken for igniting the incense-burn4 ers and censers. They apparently represented the perpetuation of the nrimitivp rommunal fire, the Nahuatl i name for which signifies "fire navel," j ' indicating both birth and the under-: v - world. The braziers were usually; shaped like an hour-glass, although j > some had the form of stone basins I borne aloft by the figures of men and; ? animals, while others were merely circular stones mounted on short pediments or altars of shrines in temples. Nearly all represented the human body in some way, either by effigies, masks, or by an encircling band or sash. Several specimens of these various types, coming mostly \ * from Mexico and Costa Rica, are | v found in the collection of the Na-, tional Museum. ^ I Large pottery vases of hour-glass shape, which form another class of stationary braziers, have been discov- j . **ered in large numbers in and about: the City of Mexico and at many oth^ - er places. They are undoubtedly j characteristic of the Central Ameri-1 , can censer-brazier, and are remark-j able examples of pottery, both as re-1 gards size and decorations. Morej artistic and detailed work is found in j the class of pottery braziers, due no doubt to the fact that the makers were enabled to work easier in potr* tery than in hard stone. The stationary braziers form the main class of communal or general censers, which is divided into three ^ sections, the first consists of tribal, society and family fire-places, fireboxes, and fire-altars. The second division includes the great stone braziers, stone basins with legs, circular stones with pediments, and large or"* mi namentea pottery vessels. iue umu main division includes the special forms, namely, portable, gesture, and swinging censers. The portable braX. ziers comprise small braziers, tripod censers, and bowl-censers. The second group includes flaring bowls havf ing ladles and feet; open work pot} tery with handles; spoons or ladles with ventilation holes; incense ladles; pipes and cigarettes. The swinging censers which constitute the third - group are primarily of European ^ origin, although a few Indian ones! have been found. The history of the development of ; ' pipes is fascinating and forms an im- j portant part in the history of censers. It is believed that the pipe antedates the use of narcotic herbs, such as tobacco, although the importance of r the collection of aboriginal incense 1 ? ? 4-V?/n rrmeatim QTi/1 QVOTltll UU1UCIO 111 I* .LLC muocuuji, uuu uivu><? < ally he undertook a special'study of this collection. I Dr. Hough has described the avail-'( x able apparatus found principally in !' Mexico and Central America in a pa-; ? I per recently published by the U. S. j1 National Museum. Proceedings No.: 1887, in which he narrates on the-1 origin and history of the various im-1 plements and customs. The development of the use of j: censers as suggested by the author, j: is not only of interest, but very re- j; markable. It began in the pre-his- j; toric uses of fire and smoke, which j at a certain stage were employed in j many ways to express feelings and i: reverence. It is not strange that ab- j orginal man experienced some awe j when he witnessed the mysterious transformations brought about by fire, which to him was obviously the change of material things into spiritual; the transition of the finite into i infinite. So when the smoke of his fire rose from the earth and disap iS RE AND SMOKE. 4 7 ed to Express Feelings t itional Museum at ' Sheds Light. J; _____ h smoke appears to have been chiefly, if not wholly, due to its supposed t medical properties. The offering of incense made by the Aztecs to the e Spanish conquerors resembles in to many respects the familiar peace pipe C customs of the American Indians, and to the pipes themselves are similar to ^ those found everywher between ^ Southern Mexico and Canada. The s custom of smoking probably did not t originate through the enjoyment of c the taste of the smoke, but arose in e connection with the development of v the fire cult in which it had a sacred o significance. .At first offerings were ? made from a campfire or fire place, v then, as progress was made in the r arts, the braziers were used, and finally the natives came to use port- s able appliances, which gave use to i a great variety of forms, including t handled pots and censers. The Eu- t ropean swinging censers are evidenly a a development of the stationary vase a form, as is also the pipe. to Another form of incense offering t found rather generally in the Pueb- a lo region, especially in the Southern portion, is the cigarete, made from a section of cane tube filled with vegetable incense. The cigarette tube is packed with a mixtures of herbs, Q wnicn wnen uurm pruuutcs a uicooc ing odor. The specimens collected as ^ a rule appear not to have been lighted, but apparently were offered by implication. In some cases, however, they seem to have been ignited at the time of offering. This is the case in certain shrines located i in th# caves of the Blue River, Arirtma, where large cane cigarettes f have been collected. Usually the cigarettes are girdled with strands of white ind dyed cotton cord, and sometimes iminiature blankets, beads 1 r and feathers, are attached, carrying out the original idea that the sacrifice was animate and symbolically represented the huamn body. This girdle decoration is found on censers ^ and braziers as well. Many varieties of gum and herbs were used for incense, among which was tobacco. Dr. Hough says that tobacco was a sacred herb, and its c smoke was unquestionably incense. The wild tobacco plant was incorDorated in the mixture used as in cense by the Hopi and some other American tribes, and it is stated that tobacco played precisely the same part among priests and medicine men of ancient Mexico as it has from the remotest times down to the present day among the various savage tribes of North and South America. It was powdered and mixed with incense and formed into pellets which were carried in a pouch by officiating priests. In other parts of the United States artemesia, the balsam root, cedar tops, sweet grass, and, among the Siksika, a sweet gum of some kind, were burned for incense. Talk Up for Your Town. Some communities prosper and others decline, and, as a rule, the prosperity of the one and the decay * ? u of the other is due not so muuu iu natural causes as to the make-up of c their citizens. Where, as too often happens, people run down the place in which they live, fight every effort * to improve it, grumble at its mer- 1 chan's and say and do a lot of other foolish and wrong things about their * own town while they glorify other 1 towns, there is bound to be loss of ( prosperity. Such men have no local c patriotism and are traitors to their home place. Stand pat for your own town, point out its advantages, praise i its merits, boom its interests, and s speak well of its business men. Do ( this nienty-nine times out of a hun- t dred and the town will flourish, and ] all this can be done without being ] Jealous of or speaking evil of other ] places. t Ambitious Wife Poses as "Miss." Chicago, June 19.?Mrs. Laura ] C. Hammond entered the Englewood ( high school three years ago as "Miss ? Hammond." She was in rather short j skirts and appeared to be about 18 j years old. She will be graduated to- i day near the head of the class, and -x ? ^ at\o 4-V* r* 4- c>V\ a haofi . It UUW ucvciuyo 01.1 ci u ouo uao ^ married for 13 years and is 33 years ] old. < "I wanted to be something," she < said to-day. Six years ago I started ] at the Dore grammar school, and \ from there I went to the Englewood < high school. I did pose as a 'miss,' i as I thought it would be better. My i husband is Ira Hamomnd, superin- < tendent of the dining car service of ] the Illinois Central Railway. The j girls all took me to be 18 or 20, and ] I made many friends among them. I j will go to the University of Chicago. 1 My ambition is to practice law." CANDIDATES NEAR FISTICUFF. Lltorney General Resents Pointer Statements by His Opponents. Bennettsville, June 21.?Befort 00 people on the court house green he candidates opened their meeting o-day with James Cansler first or he stand, and Judge Jones to be th< ast. The crowd grew as the meet ng passed and an interesting throng leard the candidates. The day was deal and a morning bath sharpenec he oratory of each speaker. Judge Jones being the last speak' r, it was expected that he woulc tave strong things to say in reply t( irov. Blease's speech to-day and his itter denunciation on previous days l lively tilt between Lyon and Evans fas also expected and the crowd as embled expectant. Many men knowi o be Blease men were seen in th( rowd and some of Blease's bitter st opponents were present. Then fas little demonstration on the par: tf the crowd until the candidates fo: .overnor were called and then then rere "Hurrahs for Blease" and "Hur ahs for Jones." B. B. Evans, who has been assailec o bitterly by Attorney General Lyoi n htis campaign, said in his speed o-day that he did not propose to no ice the "branding" of his opponent nd that he would denounce as a liai ,ny candidate who would say that h< lad done anything in his public lif< hat could be questioned as dishonor .ble. Excoriates Evans. When Attorney General Lyon tool he stand he was greeted with lou( heers, and he pitched into his stor: >f the "graft" prosecutions and pai( ompliments to the members of th< Insel board. He said J. Steele Brice >f that board, a red-headed Scotch nan, ha.s so much grit in his cra\> hat B. B. Evans "dares not face hin tnd make his charges against th< >oard." He then read his court doc iments bearing on Evans's record nd he heaned condemnatory epithet: in his character. Lyon's denunciation of Evans wa; he most drastic yet made in the cam >aign, and amid laughter and ap lause from the crowd he read fron :ourt rsscords, charging Evans; wit! ximinality in money matters. "Rub it in," shotted a spectator -<yon said that if1 Evans proeeedei urther in his denunciation of th< ^nsel board he would root up othe :harges against him which had no >een mentioned. "Root 'em up," shouted Evans :hallengingly. Cheers followed hi peech. Fisticuff Averted. A fight between Lyon and Evan vas prevented by the interference o lalf a dozen big men, when Lyoi umped to the floor with the state nent, "Do you mean to call me ; iar?" made when Evans had deniei :ertain statements by the attorne; general. Excitement over the inci lent was the keenest so far seen 01 he campaign and from the cool man ler of Lyon, it was seen he was de ermined. Evans was drowned in th lood of jeers. After the speeches by candidate or attorney general were concluded 2vans got t" ? floor for a denial, am le referred to T. M. Moredcai am ?hilip H. Gadsden in their bondinj >f certain dispensary officials. Evans' :onnection with a bonding house ha< )een mentioned at length and he sai< hat "the Jew had robbed the Gentil >f the dispensary bonds." Sol Brown, a spectator, shouted 'If you had half as much sense a hose Jews, you would not have bee: n the trouble you are now in." Mr. Evans replied: "This is no he first time I have been confronted )y Christ killers," and he continue' iharges against Mordecai and Gads len. Evans Howled Down. "You fool," again shouted Browr leaping bitter denunciations on th speaker. For several minutes thun lerous shouts drowned nis voice, an ;here were cries of "we don't want t lear you," "sit down," and the like 3vans finally got silence to speak an le referred to the statement by Lyor ;hat Evans had been subpoenaed in ;ase in which he was charged wit forgery. He said: "I don't deny tha [ was summoned as a witness, but io deny that Cathcart (a deputy sought me with a process of com plaint, and any man who says I eve faced a jury on such a charge is iasifier and a defamer. At this point Attorney General Ly ? v?ia fopt snrl faoin J LI JUlil^CU (,U U1U Evans said: "Do you mean to sa :hat I am a liar, Mr. Evans?" ''1 Dathcart?" replied Mr. Evans an lis speech was broken off by the ic :erference of the crowd. Attorne General Lyon had approached hir with clenched fists and a fight wa barely averted by the interferenc Df half a dozen men. The nervous aess of Evans was noticeable. Lyo smiled as he was drawn back by peacemaker. When Evans again gc attention he managed to say abov the noise of the crowd, "I'm don with this." Quiet soon prevailed. "IRISH" LACE MADE IN AMER] v 1 Product of the New York Teneni District. j "The 'real Irish lace' that we , here isn't made in Ireland. It r made in New York. What is mi i it is made in New York tenemen - One of the investigators of the tional child labor committees s spent a large part of the past 5 months in "tracing" the Irish 1 1 sold in this city. And she has fou she says, that almost all the Ii lace sold here has never been a I where else. "The centre for the manufact 3 of Irish lace seems almost to be ci ' ing, for Americans, from Ireland 3 New York," she said. The Irish lace that is made in 1 tenements here is not sold under J false pretenses. It is advertised sold as "real Irish lace," and 4<i 3 Irish lace" is exactly what it is. ^ _ " is hand-made every inch ot it. i made in the original Irish patte ' with the roses and the shamrock Dublin lacemakers. And some oj at least, is made with the real I: 1 thread. Only it isn't made by I] 1 people! ''When the Irish thread is used Irish lace from America is quite ' good as the Irish lace from Irelar r the investigator explained. ' American thread with which s< " contractors supply their workeri not so fine for lacemaking. "With the exception of a very si quantity of actually imported I c lace, every bit of Irish lace and 1 broidery sold in New York is m y in the tentements here. All tha 1 made in the city, is so far as I i 3 been able to discover, made in t< ments by women and children. T1 . are no Irish lace factories. 7 "The centre of the Irish lacen 3 ing industry is the up-town little B aly, around 110th street on the I . Side. In the past few months lacemaking has spread to the Ita f ? 3 tenements in the Bronx, up 1 street way. Irish lace is nearly s made by Italian women here! "Of course, the making of I . lace in the New York tenement i tricts has increased immeasurabl; i the past year, since Irish lace coll cuffs, jabots, and frills became t popular. It is the fashionable tl i now, you see. And it is possibl e buy 'real Irish' in the shops at a i r low price. There is no way of < t mating the number of women children making Irish lace in ] i, York city, but it runs away up s the hundreds, and, of course, tl are thousands of yards being m Some contractors have as man) 50 women working at one time. s "The workers are paid about ^ cents an hour for making the 1 a I have at my office an Irish lace ~ lar for which the woman who n 1 it was paid 50 cents; it took her * hours to do it. For the inch-wid( * sertion with the shamrock pat the lace-makers are paid 15 cen a yard. I know one little girl works at lace-making every ni and makes just' about a dolla 8 week. Sometimes the lace-ma1 earnings of a whole family will Si about $4 a week?oftener al $2.50." : Although most of the Iatlian men make lacework of the pop T _; ? V, nn+tarno onmo fow lflfP-TTI!!1 "* II IC>LL panel ULO, QV/m^ i.v I? 3 from Italy make and sell to si a and "contractors" the intricate * sign of Italian lacework. The e Italian pillow lace, made just a is made in the villages of Italj ^ made in the tenements here. "I know of one woman who m* Q the Italian pillow lace, charj n .25 for a collar," said the chilf * bor committee investigator. ^ into every collar that she sells ^ puts seventy hours of hard work! New York Times. Married in Howesville. At the home of the bride's m e er, Mrs. W. P. Dukes, at Rowes\ i- ' ^ Wednesday afternoon Mr. Will Salley was happily married to 1 Marie Dukes. The ceremony 1 ? place in the presence of a few fri< J snlomniTOi 3IIa reiduves auu wao ^ the Rev. G. W. Dukes, brothei h the bride. After the ceremony, t and Mrs. Salley left for their h< I whicn is located about eight n ^ west of this city. The bride is the daughter of ; W. P. Dukes, of Rowesville, and groom is a prosperous young far of this county. Their many friends wish thei long and happy wedded life.? angeburg Evening News, June 2 1 SNATCHED BRYAN'S TICKEr d l" Woman Grabs Pass from Nebras at Republican Convention, n s Chicago, June 19.?William e nings Bryan's ticket to the Repi * can national convention as a repc a for a series of newspapers, a snatched out of his hand at the < of the Coliseum by a woman e gave her name to the police as K e erine Doll. At the police station J was found to have $ 1,000 sewe* * [CA pockets in her underskirt. Bryan's ticket was restored and lent the woman will be examined for her sanity. After taking the ticket she tried to enter the hall. get t to J 'j rish Our Service means more than merely ta u selling tires: it means iave taking care of Tire iere Users. iak_ Prompt delivery of Diamond , It_ Tires in all types?all sizes, cast to fit every style of rim. In the Plain, Grip, and the famous lian Safety Treads. 53d r aI W. H. PATRICK rish GAS ENGINE EXPERT Bamberg, S. C. y in coi- pi ten ITSS3! CC ' in~ iP^f fiystem 581 ts'a SfflE ^ dic8 fail? h who Wj|P | quickly restoi ght, | strength. It ii dnI I ever compoun i be SlSTSg :* krJ\DOUt Get Xt t0<1< k"E2L well as thousai ular ! H Two sizes, kers l=S2SsJ ; lops / ? real I Suffolk Drug ( s it II 9 r, is R jTj I ' I ill I I J L-1~- 1 ? : COR|i 5 pafffffrr^^ *nds j * Staca-proof, too, became tbey into j ky nnai armng snow or ram rmmn nu u? Best roof for country buildings, beer " 0l They'll but as long as tbe building, Mr. We hare local representatives akna )me, locaKty, write us direct for samples, price liles ? CORTRIGHT METAL ROOFIN MrS. =?======?===5!==!?======= the JAAXllAli-i.i.i.1 ,mgr r IDONT 1 P When you have use for one that will not fail to : ;kan c| so, one that you can feel i"just right." Bring you repaired and you can th< 1 " ?l?_ nnti Koro nc J6D- ^ in^ nucii J V/U IMWtv mw lbli- Bicycles, Automobiles, ! rter J' prices. All work guaraj 3oor 2 ? T3 ?""> who T u? O* ?3 z 4jyjgysrit" "ii - V , ?? | ASK YOUR NEIGHBOR. ! ' | Hundreds of Bamberg Citizens Can Tell You All About It. . Home endorsement, the public expression of Bamberg people, should be evidence beyond dispute for every Bamberg reader. Surely the experience of friends and neighbors, cheerfully given by them, will carry more weight than, the utterances of strangers residing in faraway places. Read the following: Mrs. J. C. Folk, Jr., Carlisle St., Bamberg, S. C., says: "I heartily recommend Doan's Kidney Pills, for they have been very beneficial to us. One of the younger members of my family was troubled by a lame and aching back and could not control the kidney secretions at night. I finally got a box of Doan's Kidney Pills from the Peoples Drug Co. and I they^ brought entire relief. This | prejjHn-ation deserves the highest praise." For sale by all dealers. Price 50 cents. Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, New York, sole agents for the United States. Remember the name?Doan's? and take no other. DOW (LDPEOPLE IS May Prolong Their Lives , | At an advanced age waste is more rapid than repair. The organs act more slowly and less effectually than in youth. The circulation is poor, the blood thin and watery, the appetite poor and digestion weak. We want to say to every aged person in this vicinity that Vinol, our delicious cod liver and iron tonic (with- v out oil) will prolong life. It creates or? annoHto sMfl HiCAfltlOTl and mftkeg good blood. In this natural manner Vinol retards waste and replaces weakness with strength, giving new life to the worn system. If people In this vicinity only realized how Vinol invigorates old people we would not be able to supply the demand. Try a bottle of Vinol with the understanding that your money will be returned if it does not help you. Peoples Drug Co., Bamberg, S. C. Hats and caps the largest selection in Augusta; straw hats $1.00 up; $8.00 Panamas at $4.75; Stetson and other fine makes $2.25 up. Caps Sm and hats, a full line, 25c up. Write F. G. MERTINS, Augusta, Ga. Highest prices paid for beef cattle. ,H. G. DELK, Bamberg, S. C. A^k. your lru$disf For \ jl tOBERTS' TASTELESS ,:?? HILL-TONIC r* \ *.t .t* n't be satisnea witn anytnmg ^ Nothing ever madie will ish such results. It drives mditions completely out of icceeds where other remei truly a marvelous remedy; ' es old time health and 3 the greatest blood remedy , iy, and be made happy and ids of other have been. ( , 25c. and 50c. ' Corporation, |||rr I riodtaod overlap m such a way that the I itoe they're safe from all the elements. I and never need repairs. # 7 1 * it everywhere, but a oooe m your immediate E FAIL...! | a gun or pistol you want y fire when you want it to do satisfied that it is working ?? e for them. I also repair jT Locks, etc., at reasonable J 'J