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KNOW YOUR STATE. iiouth Carolina in Kith in Historical Interest. "Know Your Own State" its -tba title? of a very attractive booklet on South t*nrolina issued by the Stand ard Oil Company, which is distinctly a mv'w idea in advertising. The mo torist who is not satisfied with mere ly piling up mileage will find "Know your Own State" delightful pastime. It uaches you while you motor. It is Cull of historical, geographical and hcientlfltf information concerning South Carolina. The book describes an automobile tour of the state, be ginning at Charleston, the birthplace of the state, its ftrst capital. Historically, then, it is told that the English colony was established on the "west bank of the Ashley river m 1670, at a place called Albemarle Point, where the pioneers laid out 4 town and called it Charles Town in honor of their king. The place how . ever, was- unsuitable for a city and ' within two years most of the colonists had moved over the fiver to the pres ent site of Charleston, where a set tlement grew up under the name of Oyster Point Town." The oldest building in Charleston, and therefore, in South Carolina, as the booklet poiwts out, is the Powder Magazine in Cumberland Street. "This quaint building dates from 1 703. Having come safely through more than two hundred years, it has . a chance to survive many more cen turies, for it's now under the protec tion of the Colonial Dames Society who use it us their headquarters and as a museum for many interesting relics of old Charleston. Did you know that South Carolina once raised j>ilk worm^ and produced its own j<ilk? In the; Powder magazine you will see, among other interesting things, a gorgeous dress made of na tive silk." $ St. Michael's Bells. The story of St. Michael's bells? the old church erected in 1752 ? is told: "They were oast in England, ship ped to this country in 1764, and hung in the old church until 1782. When the British evacuated Charleston in 1782 they ? took the bells back with them to London. There they were bought by a former merchant of Charleston and shipped back. During the Civil War they 1 were sent for safety to Columbia, but when Gen eral Sherman burned that city in 1865, two were stolen and the rest so injured as to be useless. "In 1866 the remaining bells again crossed the Atlantic and were recast from the original patterns. Crossing the ocean for the fifth time they were I replaced in 1867 in the belfry where they have hung ever since." ? It is also recorded that South Caro lina's entry into the -Revolutionary War occurred at Charles Town in November* 1775, when Colonel Moul trie returned the fire of two British war ships, and in June, 1776, the battle of Fort Moultrie was* fought. There, too, took place some eighty years later, the .first hostilities of the War Between the Sections when f'itadel cadets fired the first shot at Fort Sumter. Castle Pinckncy has recently been made a national monument. It was near this point that the first success ful use of the torpe<lo was employed as a factor in naval warfare. On the night of February 17, 1886, a Con federate "fish" sank the Union sloop "Housatonic" off Charleston bar. Other points of historic interest in ?i fi'l about Charleston are described, after which the supposed tourist is conducted to South Carolina's "De serted Village." South Carolina's Deserted Village "Students of -architecture will be ? i te rested in an old church tower that stands off by itself some six miles southwest of Sumiuerville. It marks the site of what was once the pros perous village of Dorchester ? an im portant place if we may judge by ? he fact that the church was designed, by the famous London architect, Sir C hristopher Wren. It was built about 171'j. The tower still stands but the original village has long since dis appeared. Some early crossword puzzle artist called Wren "the little bird who builds large nests." He was, for he designed St. Paul's Cath edra! and* some fifty other churches ?n Ix>ndon, and, in this country some <>f the early public ' buildings at An >a ;>olis, Md., and Williamsburg, Va. Also tfye first Custom House at ' narleston." T hence after describing the South ' aro'.ina Experiment Station at Sum merville operated by Clemson Col ege, space is devoted to the historic Santee. Kutaw Springs A side trip up State Highway *o. 45 along the "bank of the Santec brings us to the EOttxr Springs. The water, remarkable for 'its clearnes?, romes gushing out of the ground in great volume, only to diaappear again under a large hiH. An important battle was fought at theoe springs during the Revolutionary War, re sulting in the defeat of the British troops. "Sonu* fifteen milts farther up we reach Kloree, the hoim- of General MariOn's father. General Marion operating throughout this district i during the Revolutionary War, gained the nickname of 'Swamp Fox.' A monument, erected- by the state, marks the spot where he is buried beside his old home, 'Belle Isle.' " Historic Statesburg There is a view of the historic Anderson house at Statesburg, which came near being- the state capital, losing by only one vote ? the home of General Thomas Sumter. Here, too, is the beautiful ..old colonial home where General Richard H. Anderson of the Confederate army was born And -where the surgeon (gen<?ral of the Confederate army lived. During the Revolution first Cornwallis and then General Nathaniel Green used it as headquarters. A view of the Mars bluff bridgO over the P^e Dee between Florence and Marion is shown. The book is replete with historic interest for South Carolinians. * The Iudian mounds along the upper reaches ?* the Santee in Marlboro county are described. Camden "At, Cheraw wo strike the Capital Trail and follow it to Camden, with which are associated battles of the Revolution. The town) was fortified by Lord Cornwallis and here the bat tle ?of Camden was fought on August 10, 1780. It was in this battle that General DeKalb, Washington's trust ed aid, was mortally wounded and ta ken prisoner. He died in Camden thfSO days later. In 1825 Lafayette visited the town and laid the corner stone of the. monument which you can see in memory of the gallant Ger man. ' ? "The following spring a second battle took place a little north of Camden, at Hobkirk Hill. Shortly after this' the British left Camden, burning most of it as they went." Other excerpts from the book fol low: A Great Legal Battle "Do you know the' story of Mason Lee's will? The legal battle that followed his death was one of the hardest fought in the history, of the state. This eccentric gentleman lived near Bennettsville and you will find his story ? and other interesting local tales ? in D. D. McColl's 'Sketches of Old Marlboro.' " King's Mountain Battlefield "Within a" few miles of the North Carolina line we come to a very famous battlefield ? Kings Mountain. In his book, "The Winning of the West,' Theodore Roosevelt devoted a whole chapter to this battle. He says of it: 'The victory was of far-reaching importance and ranks ampng the de cisive battles of the Revolution ? the turning point in the Southern cam paign.' "The battle was fought on October 7, 1780, between about 000 American backwoodsmen under Cotonel William Campbell and about 1,100 loyalist troops under Major Ferguson. Both these commanders were killed and over six hundred of the British were taken prisoners. "Three monuments have been erect ed to commemorate this battle. The first in 1815, the second in 1880 on the centennial of the victory, the third in 1000 by the Federal govern ment. For a detailed description of the battle see J. P. O. Landrum's 'History of Upper South Carolina.' " A Remarkable Institution "At Willington, between Calhoun Falls and McCormick, is one of the most interesting public institutions in South Carolina. The I>e la Howe State School is asid to be the oldest manual training school in the United States. In 1797, Jean De la Howe, French emigrant, physician, judge and philanthropist, left 2,000 acres of land along the Savannah river for the establishment of the school as a train ing pi are for agricultural pursuits. "By Dr. De la Howe's wiii, 1,000 acres is to be kept in forest and as a result this section is now one of the finest tracts of virgin forest in America. De la Howe is buried in the mklst of the forest and his tomb is remarkably well preserved. While somewhat out of the way this in stitution weil repays a visit, by rea son of both historic interest and its picturesque setting." The First Explorers "We started our tour of the state with a visit to the first permanent settlement on the Ashley river. We shall close it with a trip down to the place where the first explorers land ed in what is now South Carolina. "In 1662 the French Captain Jean Ribrfult, founded a colony on an island at the mouth of the Broad river. He named the sound and the island Port Royal. The place where he landed and built a fort U not the island which it now called Port Royal Is land, but a smaller one further south ? now known a? Parr is Island ? which aince 1917, haa been a training ground A NKW PENALTY. Judge Weygandt of Cleveland has given a reeklea? automobile driver, his choice of serving five years in the penitentiary or supporting for three years the family he deprived of hus band, father and breadwinner. The guilty motoriM chose the hitter pen ulty, he was paroled by the court,- mid his weekly earnings for three years must bo equally divided between his own home and the home of the man he killed. This judgment has been described as a .marvel of equity ri valling the best of the decisions Cervantes t-auftcd Sancho I'anza to reach in t'he story of Don Quixote. It is true, that, though it will be hard on the defendant's family to di vide, it would be harder on them if he hud to serve five years and mean while provide them with nothing at all and the dead man's family, if all goes well, will at least be partially reimbursed for the economic loss. But there are future possibilities which render the borefft family inse cure and the satisfactory working out of the plan <)oubtful. The guilty motorist is likely later on to plead mitigating circumstances and to seek to escape his responsibilities even if meanwhile he remains faithful to them, and a bitter enmity between the tvyo families may be regarded as cer tain. A decision providing outright payment to cover the economic loss in pant, where such outright payment is possible, ' would be less liable to de velop troublesome complications. ? Florence News-Review. A Home Town Booster. A Greenwood man in Augusta a few days ago was profoundly im pressed, as was every one who saw it, with this slogan conspicuously 'painted on the back of an automo bile: I boost Augusta, To, Hell with Florida! The owner of the automobile may need a little fatherly advice on the unwise use of strong language but he certainly does not need any ad vice on being a home town booster. One may differ from him as to the propriety of langaugc used but as to the sentiment it is "Atta boy'' right from the heart. For when all is said and done the old home town is right there waiting for you. It is worthy of your best efforts. It is worthy of your most do voted service, if you help build it up you will more than get your money back. If you help to make it a better town you will be made a better man yourself. One has a right to spend one's money wherever one please and to take, a -chance wherever one wishes. But a bet on the old home town is rarely ever misplaced and while the returns may not be always large the risk is safer most of the time. Turn to and help the old town grow. Turn to and make it a better place to live. Turn to and lend a hand in starting something. Quit throwing rocks and quit longing for the Get- Rich-Quick life of some other place. That Augusta man was too strong in one sentiment but he told the world where his heart wa3. Blessings on him and his tribe. ? Greenwood Index>Journal. Documents, including a Masonic diploma from the Washington Lodge No. 26, making Johnathan Cowdery a Master- Mason, and two commis sions engraved on sheepskin parch ments, the first signed by President .John Adams, and the second by Pres ident Thomas Jefferson, making Cow dery a surgeon's mate, and a full surgeon in the United States Navy, has been found in a steel case hidden in an old brick wall of a house under repairs at Norfolk, Va. Among oiner dogs used by the De part of Agriculture to fatten fleas to test germicides was a bull pup that" was found to be immune. As fast as the insects were placed on the dog they hopped off. Scientists are try ing to find out the secret of his de fensive armament. The sun ruses in the Pacific and sets in the Atlantic in the Panama Canal, because the east end of the canal points toward the Pacific and the west end toward the Atlantic. v for the United Stat.es marines. Parris j Island", marked on some map? as 'Paris' Island, is not named after the capital of France. It owes its name to the Parris family who were once large land owners. "The history of Ribault's colony is a pathetic one. First, high hopes, hopes of gold. Then dissension, mutiny, and death. The story has been preserved for us. in the account of one of Ribault's assistants ? Laun donniere. The record of the first colony in the Carolina* has been re printed as Bulletin No. 5 of * the Historical Commission of South Caro lina. Every Carolinian who Is in terested in gmflyifif the tristtfty of his state should try to got across a copy." OFFICIALS Pl'IH.IC SRRVANTS, And Should Recognize Public ns Their Ktupln>er. Says Kditor Harris. Editor Wade II. HairU of the Charlotte Observer, in a leading r.h tonal und^r .the caption, "Public Ser vants," writ*'* as follows on this im portant subject ,? 10 very person who holds an elective or appointed public office or job, ?very person who draws a salary out of the public treasury, whether Na tional, State, county or municipal, is u servant of the people and should recognize the public as his employer. The people, the tax payers, who pay the salaries, have a right to be in formed of the work <and the official conduct of nil these public servants, This Applies to the President of tho United Slates, Senators, Congress men, Cabinet members, it applies equally to mayors, city commission ers and even to police officers in small towns. -N When any"~T>uMic official, whether elective or appointlver-^nceives t]yx idea that it is none of the fnftllitiss' ot' the public what he does or* how he does it, he is very much mistaken, Sueh a spirit is contrary to American principles and to the ideals of demo cratic government. It is tin? spirit of an age and an order that is rapidly passing, ,It was the spirit of Kings and Emperors who were not answer able to the people for their conduct. It is not -in keeping with American ideals and it is a spirit that will not long be tolerated in any American community once it is discovered by ?the people. But the people, of course, cannot visit the offices of their officials en masse or as individuals weekly or daily and keep tab on what. the public servants are doing. That is impracti cable; it is impossible. What the peo ple do (instead, in order to keep posted on what is going on in the realm of Government, local, State and National is to buy and re-ad newspapers. In 'the newspapers they expect and have a right to find accurate and fairly complete information about what their public servants are doing ? from the Dopartment of State at Washing Urn to the police department in their home village or city. The newspapers recognize the duty and responsibility of keeping their readers informed as to what is troing on in Government circles, National, .State and local, and a rule they try to discharge the responsibility. It is a considerable expense that they un dertake to secure ami publish the news of the various iiovemmcnt agencies jn city, county, State and ' Nation. They realize that the public, which the newspapers aiv trying to svrve, is looking to them for this in formation and that the public expects prompt as well as accurate informa tion. Usually there is no disposition on the part of public officials to with hold from* the press information con cerning their official conduct arid acts. In the overwhelming majority of cases th9.se public officials are glad to keep the press informed regularly and promptly of what is going on in their offices or departments. They realize and appreciate their direct responsibility to the people and thoy appreciate the fact that it is only through the newspapers that the pub lic can be kept, informed on public matters. only In rare cases that public officials or even a subordinate work ing under a public official assumes the attitude that it is none of the business of the press or the . public what goes on in the of lice or depart ment over which !he presides or to which he is attached. In such eases, such an atltude is due to one or both of two reasons; such a person has a very distorted view of his relationship to the people to whom lie is respon sible or he does not believe the peo ple would approve his conduct and he desires that full knowledge of his re cord be kept from them. It is reason able ground for suspicion of any pub lic official when he is disposed to withhold from the press and thereby withhold from the people information concerning his official acts. It is in dicative that he is not willing to trust the people with the full knowledge of his conduct in office or that he does not have the proper sense of his res-> possibility to the people, in either case, he is not the man for the job. It is not necessary or desirable that a pubHc official try to keep his name eternally before the public through constant effort to get every minor act of his own or of his subordi nates chronicled in the papers, and a dispo sition to try to use the newspapers i for the purposes of propaganda is not desirable. It is calculated to do more harm than gbod. But the open-door policy, the open-record policy, that Hckwartii a Suicide, Admits All. Oakland, Calif., Aug. 9.? -Trapped in an apartment here, Charles Henry Srhwartr, object of a nation-wide search in connection with the mysteri ous murder in the Pacific Cellulose company at Walnut Creek committed suicide early today. Schwartz, believed to haw killocl n laborer and attempted to incineratc the body in a plot to coliect more than $100,000 insurance* shot him self through the head when police men the apartment. He luui been hiding there sinee the ex plosion J uly o0, when the body wan found. In a note to his wife, who. .is the principal beneficiary in the insur ance and who steadfastly maintain ed the body found in the plant wan that of her husband, Schwartz ad ? mittcd the murder* Paitial identification of the body of the laborer in a San Francisco morgue has been made as that of Gilbert Warren Barbe, self-stylod itiuorant evangelist and war vet eran, Information from Jersey Shore, P^y indicated that Rev. John Rarbe there is the father of Gilbert Warren Barbe who became estranged from the family 15 year? ago. Array records show Gilbert Barbe enlisted and spent some time at Vort Mc Dowell shortly after the United States entered the world war. Until the last, Mrs. Schwartz, wife of the chemist who specialized in amateur criminology, said "at the proper time" sho would .produce "in disputable evidence in the form qf physical peculiarities" which would* "definitely establish the identity of the charred body as that of her hus band. Mrs. Alfred Rowell, of Nixville, Hampton county, is in jail at Hamp ton while an investigation is being made of the sudden death of her hus band, who was taken suddenly sick Sunday, August 2nd, and died an hour later. makes available to the press at all times aM the information to which th*? public is entitled, should be the pol icy of every public servant in an ex ecutive position, high or low. It is the policy of all public officials and pub lie servants . who appreciate their true relationship to the people and who are wkllin# to trust the people with full knowledge of their official record. "Your float doesn't know the difference between gas and oil. For all vou kfiow you may have a quart or two of unburnt gaa in thatcn^ik case. High readings on the oil gauge don't mean anything either. You'll get a high reading when the oil is cold and thick and a low reading when the oil ia flowing freely. "It isn't just pressure you need in an oil system ? it's floods of clean, cool oil. There's just one way to be sure of giving every bearing surface plenty of oil and that's to change your crank case oil regularly." The experienced Fleet Boss ought to know. He has seen the damage done by the filthy and diluted stuff that many engines have to depend on for lu brication. The damage coulcf have been prevented by using enough of good, clean oil. "Standard" Motor Oils are reliable products, based on fifty-five years' experience in oil refining, and experience counts just as much in making oil as it does in keeping a big fleet of cars in perfect running order. STANDARD OIL COMPAbfY (New Jersey) "STANDARD" l&ufe] motor oils OUt You Can Tnotf