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"AFRICA AFKJCAWP v Writer Retells ot ICxpedlHen ^t?*h Hailed From Charleston 48 ..A ' ?v ?: v.<' .'? leva A?e. (From Sunday's New* and Courtor) #T>re #1* ? *fo?t many f?W* 1" Charleston ami In other l*?r,H of S,,n,h Carolina who will reed *Uh the following article by M*. I 11 Wl Ha, ?h, whlrh appearel i?? tb? New T<WK ?rimes of Hut Sunday. Mr. William* is the best known in this utate throug tus editorship of IN < ?reen vJlU* New* "? the eighties and nihetie*, when he #*fle talked of ?'?? i,...! wide. In 1877 the time of the voyage of wbteh he writes lie was a Report*? ??? f he New* end Courier' and wntde the trip to Ltbeirie for this newspiper, hi* articles, after being published m The News and Courier, being collected and bound. QOjRleS ??' tfof h,K,k- hovvt v? r. are exceedingly j^yKfo \cw York anil country geiwr ally to a rortato extent ll|,s ,inl" reading lately about tjie emWUOtti iMfkemea of Meretfo Oft**** &*r vey. said to be a native JM ??? vii I'ioUMl V dOBV^bed as h4'"'1 "f 11 laundry in Harfehi a* president ^ the mark Slur Steamship 1'im-. and as president generei <?f l,,r ''n?voim?i Nqg?0 Improvement -Association. has tlie central ft jftitt ju ggj* nmHs ..f i negroes fn .'ids <lty, and bus I icon proclaiming a grandiose ; program for the rave's future, t In xfa<l?Hou Square Garden, "? 'Vu'i ' gust 12. awarding to the papers next morning. "'JUKJO negroes yelled for an Africa tree for Htrfcl* of < ;n?rHlt?r to the C?i "f HU lmmollse negro republic for m-groes, officered l,y the negroes for the negro. ' KnthuHiHHtle followers gathered Oar vey afterward and addressed bim as | ??your majesty." ' At those gatherings ( a band of forty pieces and a choir of many voices, i?Hle and female, furnish music, and red. black, and green ban ners of the Southern African Republic * are displayed, lileidentially ^though this Is declared not to be at fill the puriwse of the the assemblies) shares of the Hlaek Star Steamship Une are, offered for sale and sometimes pur-; ? based. . | Harvey expressly denies that e i> j "preaching a whoesale exodus of the. black race to Africa." For me to do that." he Is" quoted as saying, "woiib be crazy. People don't, care to give up their six and seven roonfflparluients It, Harlem to sleep ill a hammock In Africa." As l>e. modestly explained | it what was proposed was '<> si ud w;rao pioneer- over, there, professional and laboring men. to establish some Vlnfl of concerted plans whereby wo ^iTUvrntinnTy < ?b-' a 1 n The m<le| h-i i d ? ence of the 4<K).(HM>,<)00 blacks of the world." . Whatever the present score of lus Plans Oarvey with Ms slogan. "Afr'ca lor Africans/' and the world picimes a continent of negrpeS ruled by negroes. Is not .piite original- An undertaking along the same lines he indi?'ates startled *the South 1U years ago. l'erbaps it Was doomed to failure by the conditions of Prince Nigeria out-; lined recently in L?i.e_ Times, but the disasterous resulted from its own sins and blunders and the 1'ollowmg account of It Is written from personal know ledge. - . When the last of the .'eeonslrm-Uou government and n ^ro power had been overthrown in the Southern States by the election of 1*T<5. a iiuiiiImt of negroes : organized a movement for wholesale immigration of their race to the Idavk ltepublc of Liberia, or. the west coast ..r Afri.a. The idea spread frt'sf m South and Nt?rth I'arolbia. ? Jcor^ia and Alabanm. The "Liberian Kxodus A-so< iation" was created a^ rt stv.k .ompany. Spo.-lal appeal was] made to the relv-iou- tend-nr -W< of the people. Tt?e negro<?? Vere to go out of America a? tfe? . n Of WODt out of Kgypt. Afrtcq waa tM*" promis ed laud, flowing with milk and houey, wblcb they to jhwwWi Cbrintaln ? Izc, redeem aud govern, clvilij&ing and utilising tbe native* Instead of fighting and destroying them as the Israelii! m did with the inhabitant* ??f (.'anMH Many preachers seized tha miration ??? t n la i enthusiasm i""1 Mpptiitd^ apostolic zeal W ?t b sweat pouring oyor <lu.ir face* tfeojr let loo* then'. im aginations and exhausted their v<?cab ularlen beforr COfiftvft t iftM in ebur? be* tind ramp meetings. Unknown thousand* of share# of st ock were sold, j?ar $143, oacb -share good for passage to l.iberia. A great fleet wan to is* bought, owned aud mau ned and managed by negroes for thfc hem-fit -?f their own rare, here and lu A f lira. Hai-e resrntmrnt?, political hopse, cupidity, iudultmce, religious gpirlt were enlisted. Tb* fWpg Mfftire to carry Immigrants and bring bark African proddetl ' '? rraseless stream* until tba w bites we wt io tjf left to 1 1 1 < ? in s?-l \-<'m I.) do their own work or perish. Of course figures demonstrat ing vast aud certain profits were rolled out liy tbe yard. Tbe primal emotions and crude auibitiobs of simple bearers weft? stirred by persuasion and oratory of e)ery device and gesture. .? Tbe plan began to talce definite shape In tbe latter part Of IWT. A "ship" with which to start the exodus was bought and paid for. To the inland negro there was no difference among things that would float and carry him, and the Journey across the sea to the land of equality and rest, happiness and wealth seemed but a few days of pleasure and novelty. The purchase was an old clipper-built bark, construct ed for the fruit trade between fhe A/.o res anil Mos-tou, 412 tons. To most- of the stork holders this was a tonnago almost inconceivable and thp aunoum nirnt that the asHoeiatjon actually was in possession caused wild rejoicing and triumph . As to negroes capable of uavi gating were available, it was necessary to acccpt a white man for .the captain, and the two mates also had to be white, but assurance was given this defect would be remedied, All others of the crew were negroes, or Flllfl'inOs ? "M>~ nlliamen" as the deep-water called them then. When H became, known -that the exo dus ship was actually In Charleston harbor and supposed to be ready to sail, a frenzy of fervor and faith was aroused. Probably ."?.0<K> negroes of all ages- the number never was ac curately obtained, swarmed to Charles ton to take passage on a vessel per III it led by law to curry 200. T,atcr t became known that many of the Intend ing passengers bad been induced to take stock, or extra stock by private assurance that they should be included in the first voyage. There was intense and pTtious confusion. Pam'dles who sold their little farms or few posse s imjH for anyt-hmg they- *??Mild -get. fol lowing the example of the Chosen peo ple by dejmrt.ing in haste, camped on docks and wharves. There tliey sat in silent groups day after day looking at their ship which was to bear them to almost a heavenly home, of which they bad been told, i many prayed continually that the lot j might fall upon them to l?e on the pas ; senger list, for it was understood by that time that all could not go jmme | diatel.v. If they, had been white people rioting and at temps to lynch would have been inevitable.. As it was. the illustration of docilty and credulity was ! remarkable. The few murmurs and pleas for special consideration, for one ' <-a u-?e or another, were mock enough I l.ven l he?e wore *dleneed when the l leaders and some of the prea-'bei>- ? Who probably believed :t ' l tlr'v wen* told to <;iy? went among tl'r forlorn multitude with many promise*.' Miore nhip* we re to be bought. The AlmlK'ht.v W*? ti> a*?urc a lUUi VeloUlij? quick i il|?, and all would be ready for another contlofwt go six wftek*. Mi'uu while, those to be lerr behind wore to find work o* they could and patiently 'wait. The promise* wort* excepted, ibe exhortations obeyed. Kaater day of 1877 the bark's - :ta ? ||U|- was lifted a Ihl she |t|rM ,,l>' every dock. wharf and point of \1 v black w?th negroes cheering frantically find rolling out ICTQII the water in wonderful volume of aound gospel and Ka?#ter ' hyiunM. Before the bar wan crossed, however, the government ,,f fidals were compiled to a distressing duty, Probably a thousand arsons wore aboard, ail with tickets am) stock certificate*, some with notes and due billM showing that after 'having sub scribed freely to 'stock they had lent the association all of their small hoards of cash. Hundreds were select ed, almost as random, put Into row boats and sent ashore. Most of them were laughing gtKHl-naturedly at their own ill luck hoping to do better next time, and evidently convinced that, an attempt to ov'er-erowd a passenger ship to twice- her proper . capacity on a months t rip was an excellent practi cal Joke. Care was taken to avoid separation of families. Nobody ever knew accurately how many were, left aboard. Men and women stowed away every wherb and was discovered that tbe more than 400 ptiMieiigerM among them could not scrape together the $?00 needed for a tow to Monrovia. tb<, I, lbcr>an capital. Tbe,\ had been it iu i u?'? 1 dry, The low wan ' qrranged nfn'r Unless, Unfortun ately. tbe Siberians bad gathered from ? the Wngliab uewapaper* they hhw the impression 'that a colony of rich uml philanthropic American negroes wan Oil I heir way Id their counMy. Winn the lark wan dropped hy th?' towing steamer In the roadstead at Monrovia all the native j?oli tineas of tbe negro wan needed to veil mutual disappoint ment. When tbe arrived immagrants looked at the heavy tropical foliage bordering the coast they sang together In a kind of ecstasy, "Ijuul ahead! Its fruits are waving o're its fields of und ies* green " When they went ^shore they noted, with consternation and as tonishment, natural to people brought up with strict notions of decorum, ' scores of tbeir future fellow citizens stark naked, umK> aud female, caluriy j disporting themselves in- the water. ' ? They found a shabby scattered town, Its approaches overgrown with wild Ver bena six feet high, Its stone warehouses built long before by American philan thropists .desolate, abandoned and crumbling. Tbe Llberiaus ou their side met, in- ! stead of exi>ecteil finely, dressed colon-: ists with pockets filled with money, a diugey crowd of tatterdemalions, pover ty. stricken and hungry yet happy, hope* M<U1T SIX $1083 Sl'KCIAL SIX $2003 HHi SIX $2393 * ' I CAROLINA MOTOR CO. Camden, S.'~C. their friends Joyfully helped thenr hide and clamored ?ml crowded to make a census impossible. The nearest t ? mn t made the souls, including .child ren, after the vessel was at sea was ?KiO, something over double the proper number, I ProH^tmw mwl U'wlnr rwn ?h?>rt of I cuiirse, No doctor had been provided and the supply of medicine consisted of what regulations required the cap tain to have in his chest for the crew. The enterprise being of a semi-religious character, liquors of all kinds were pro hibited. Winds were capricious. She wan bfcnitncd under the equator 20 days out. The passengers began to die, first one a day. then two, then three. Twenty-one of them were given sea bnrial in ten days. * Ship fever developed and there was a pint of water in twenty-four hours for <each person and a scanty dole of rice and beans. On a faint nightly breeze the bark was worked slywly Into the British port of Sirrea Leon. The colonial authorities took charge ef ficiently. Fresh foods, medical supplies and attention and new objects of inter cut stopped the deaths. Before that men women and children simply crawl ed into bunks and died, without noise i complaint, apparently not even in to res ted in life or death. .Departure from Sierra Leon under sail was forbid J den. The medical men declared that j another 'en days at tea would probably 'mean the death <>f all hands. Then it ful and eager. The immigrants in- 1 eluded a couple of ex- politic! a us, a pair of missionaries, two or three skill ed mechanics, the rest small field hands with little more than they' stood In. It was to the credit of the involun tary host* that they accepted the tin pleanaJit ? luMtn ? *vl+h ? mmd ? grave mid good humor, and offered them hospi table welcome. The American found the nearest sur vival of the old Southern plantation then on the earth?Including, In one in stance, at least ? in a family with a historic Virginia name, the rosewood case of regulaton dueling pistols on the shelf over the Waverley novels, in the room described as "the library." They were to learn later that some of tjiQ most successful residents had prosper ed by slave lalx>r, hiring from chiefs in the interior for a few annual barrels) of home-made rum, all the help they might need for making crops. The bark got back to Charleston somehow. She was sold under the bonds put on lier^ for provisions, tow and wages, and never made another voyage except as a coaster, always changing crews. While she lay in harbor await ing sale the first mate, a Massachusetts Yankee <<f practical and inquislte mind, went Ik'Iow one day. kicked a hole thy.?ugli her hull with the heel of his boot and then went aft and resigned. He said he didn't understand how her mainmus ever had stood up. She had been sent f?> sea in that condition, crammed with pasaeuger*. About a tbtrU of the iminagraut* died in six months of acclimatise ton, fever and milciw use of strange tropi cal fruitd. A few were ^reported to have kIIpihhJ into "the bush" ami Joined the wild tribes th<ye. \ (?w more gradually made their way baek t? America chiefly by the help of old friends aud employer* The other* regained in Liberia and an unhappy proportion by thrift and diligence proafierod, while the Other a Jiint d ragged along. The Mbcrian Kx oiIuk Association disappeared, none knew when nor how. There was no ftC* counting nor explanation of where ail the money collected went and nobody evef knew who got it. What books there were made a fine show of system C ' and <Ulltfence ami strict wetooda, but the few tentative efforts to learn some thing from them were dropped prompt ly Npfcody had money or time to put ev\i??iK on them or initiate investiga ! Hens of ^ros<rutionM. 'fin* enterprise simply scattered a tig vgntshod without ' truer. j THIS IS CRITICAL YKAK The South Ffccea the Battle of The Year In Cotton Pr'ees ^his Fall, A direcior of Oil# of tin* 1?T^0 <<>t ton mills of New England was talk ing recently to a southern friend. "We are get lug a little bit anxious," he said, "because It looks as If the South now had enough money to hold her cotton until wit pay what it is wftrth. The gentleman in question did not object to the fact. He himself felt that it would be a good thing for cotton to bring a fair price. He was speaking rather for men with whom he. is asso* elated. The persistent effort of the federal reserve board to drive down the price of all commodities, which means of all products on the farm, has been as suc cessful as might have been anticipated. The pawnbrokers, who have had rather lean years, declare {bat business : is picking up. Men engaged in legitimate production have been reporting that business is slacking down. The depart ment of justice has been investigating the closing down of the woolen mills in New England. It need not have wasted money sending its agents so far north. It had only to drop down to .the treas urer to find -out that "quit buying", was a slogan of an important other branch of the government. The fight against the high eost of living, becomes stren uous every year just as the crops are coming to market. The speculator is thus able to buy at a low price. By the time be gets through with the pub lie. thereafter, it is nnothor Kiminierm^d (injc for another . onti-hjgh-prlce cam paign.' It must fill the hearts of cer tain officials in Washington with the wool quotation and realize that 'they have been able to force prices down be low cost of production. But the South has received at least some share., of her earned profit on the last few cotton crops. Had she not been robbed for fifty years, she wouHl loflg ago .have had ample capital Now she lies some. She has enough, un less the federal reserve board begins a direct attack on the commodity, to hold the present crop until the price is fair. The New England director has enough money in the South to prevent the. usual exploitation. . ? NVt only that, but the American Cot ton Association is fully conversant with the commodity situation, and in it the producers 4uive a ready source, of information to which thoy can turn for instruction. They need not sell for 30 cents or for any other number of cents unless the price represents cost of production with profit added. "It lias been, the statistics seem to show, the most expensive cotton crop ever produced. Every factor of roet has been higher than before. Some un?>, under uaually fcvo.abk, . cmostftacMi WTe^aiade big yt^ ** ?o h*ve iwluccd their unit op*, X the average eoat ha* caft*t,,iy up, A low estimate would b? ao t * the pound. It would bis a *at*r If cotton sold at uojir th?t fig0 It would mean that w*>at tabor the* 1MB beeu 4? the fields would \# ev further curtailed. It would me*u ~ abandonment of additions acreage m fur one^ season. but ;"?. forever. 19 British know tbl?U and that ?? they wero advlaod hist year to the policy of driving down prk**, ^ insist that prices he kept ?t attractive figure*. if for no other than the selfui reason of Increasing produotioa, But such motives make uo avj^eai . U> th? speculator. They waut to cash la ^ and sell ull they care about U drtym j'duwix price* unt4t ihey have the #t.tU4j j cotton in their hands. Tbcu they wHj he ready enough to bujl the market. I if the American (-otton Associate states wteLt la a fair price for iv^W o.very farmer should, unt^-ke geU-tfct price* it is .with hiui more than % money from one crop; it is h|* fight for Independence; his hat tie for freedom; Wbfn he sella for less. he doe* not merely dispose of his cotton; he bar ters away, too, a part of his s?>lf poet. This is the critical year. a? % Sew Knglander said, the South now hu; enough money to .compel decent treat, mont. The ft me has passed when dl?. tress cotton can l>e the barometer t.j prices. _ , . . . j* To Have Big Barbecue. Monroe Hollls is at the head of a oommittee_of?_colored mea -who wflt give a hig harhecue near i.ugoff on Sab urday, September 18th. They are goiag to have all klnd< of meats on sale tbit day. Attractions will be bi the fora of greasy pig chase and climbing Kmtj pole. A brass band will furnigh the 1 iriUlttle.x- , ? ^ The first woman in Iowa to hold th? position of county clerx Is MUs Blanche Womback, recently appointed clerk ot Buna Vista Oounty. RICHARD BARTHELMESS and CAROL DEMPSTER in imwdw in NEWEST PICTURE OF LOVE ROMANCE AND ADVENTURE "THE LOVE FLOWER' From the Collier's Wecklu . 5tooj "black Beach" bif - Ralph Stock. r At Majestic Monday, Sept. 20ft. Your Cotton and I nsure Rates are Especially ( heap on Lots of Ten Bales or Less WE WRITE EVERY KIND OF INSURANCE TELEPHONE 52 WILLIAMS INSURANCE AGENCY The Oldest and Strongest Agency in the County R. M. Kennedy, Jr. President J. K. Shannon, Manager