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BRIEF NEWS NOTES WHAT HAS OCCURRED DURING WEEK THROUGHOUT COUN* TRY AND ABROAD EVENTS OFJMPORTANCE Gathered From All Part# Of Th# Globe And Told In Short Paragraph# Foreign? The British submarine H-42 has been lost with all hands in the Mediterranean, says an Exchange Telegraph dispatch from Gibralter. She colleded with a destroyer during maneuvers. The "open threat of revolution signified by the decision of the anti-free staters to hold the forbidden Irish republican army convention, has created a precarious position," the London Times* correspondent here declares, in a dispatch to his paper. The elaborate arrangements for the capture or destruction of the anachronistic creature reported to have been seen in an Andean lake, have been made by t&e expedition wnicn ten recently for Patagonia under the auspices of the Buenos Aires Zoological garden. Two members of the cabinet have resigned as the result of differences in the ministry over the government's determination to eliminate three letters from the Bulgarian alphabet, which was announced several weeks ago. United States as well as central Europe must be on guard against the introduction of cholera and typhus through immigration of Russian refugees, says a warning issued by Dr. A. Schlesinger. of the German Red Cross. Hordes of these refugees are pouring into Germany over the Polish. Letvian and Esthonian borders, and many are seeking passports to America, where they have relatives and friends who are financing them for the Journey. The conditions under which the reparations commission will grant Germany a partial moratorium were announced. They include perfect autonomy for the Reichsbank and new legislation to prevent evasion of. German capital, the legislation to be ready for application upon a fixed rate. Ditpatches from Ireland reporting continued disorders on a wide scaie 8long the Ulster border continued to pour into London, affording the house of^lords opportunity for a vlgirous _ deu\p on the Irish bill in which the question of lawlessness and civil war were frequently injected by both sides. A Central News dispatch from Venice says that a tidal wave recently inundated the city, the water rising to a depth of more than 3 feet in some of the public squares. N Washington? \ An investigation has been instituted by the interstate commerce commission, according to announcement into the reasonableness of practically all rates on coal in the western portion of the United States. Release of all war prisoners serving terms for expression of opinion and not for overt acts was urged in a petition recently presented the president signed by fifty members of the house of representatives. The United States Public Health Service has just concluded a conference of physicians and health workers called to inquire into ways and means by which public health teachings can be better spread through the country. Striking an open switch near Alberat. Va , 60 miles south of Richmond. the Seaboard Air Line's Midsouth special was derailed recently, five sleepers leaving the track and 'urning over. The house, passed the $4,000,000,000 soldier bonus bill. Since no amendments were permitted under the rule, the measure as passed was in the same form as reported from the house ways and means committee. Despondent because of ill health, Esther Davidson, 28-year-old office employee, penciled a will on a piece of scratch paper and jumped from a twenty-third story window of The Times building Broadway and Fortysecond steet. Radical reductions in the navy discussed by house appropriations committee members may result in naval abandonment of Atlantic waters and concentration of the fleet in the Pacific some navy officials believe. Efficient training or war of the reduced establishment, it was explained by one officer would require such action. A nation-wide campaign, which has been talked of for some time in Washington, has been inaugurated to find "living" employment for the 700,000 Idle war veterans. The movement is sponsored by the American Legion . The house gave its approval to a provision of the army appropriation bill which would require the reduction by July of the regular army enlisted strength to 115000 men. Members of the senate agricultural committee, after considering the request of senate leaders that senators not absent themselves from sessions during consideration of the arms conference treaties, decided to follow the previously reached plan to leave Washington for a visit in company with house member to the Muscle Shoals project in Alabama. Stocks of American cotton totaling 1,907.000 bales were consumed by Great Britain. France, Germany and Italy during the six months ending January 31, according to a cablegram just received by the department of agriculture from its London representative. This is an increase of 50 per cent as compared with consumption of 1,275.810 bales during the preceding six months, and an increase of more than 100.000 bales as compared with consumption of 1,789,302 bales during the six months ending January 31, 192L - - . ^ Prohibition officials declare that plans are maturing for a ten thousand mile wall about the United States to stop the flow of alien rum into this country. Stocks of potatoes in the hands of farmers and dealers March 1 in the fifteen leading potato states are estimated at 90,946,000 bushels by the department of agriculture. Of this quantity 73,486,000 bushels were held by farmers and 17,460,000 bushels were held by local dealers. Of the holdings in the hands of producers 30,935,000 bushels are expected to move off the farm and 42,556,000 to be retained. All naval vessels except combatant craft arriving at the Hampton Roads naval base from foreign ports will be searched for "suspicion packages,'* unde orders issued by Rear Admiral Redmap, commandant of the fifth naval district. Business is gradually approaching ' normal, according to figures compiled ^~ nf rtAmninrpn onH u v mc ucpai tuicm ui wiwiu^i w while the favorable movement among the different industries has not been evenly distributed the improvement of those industries which "constitute the backbone of American business,'* has been "very marked" over conditions of a few months ago. Frank Piano, Sr., who killed his son "to save his soul," was acquitted by a Jury at Chicago. The father testified that his son was hanging aro lid pool rooms with a gang of boys he feared would lead his boy into trouble. Domestic? The Meyer commission of New York / City charges that New York City ex- J ceeded its legal tax limit by twenty million dollars in 1921 and is still run- w ning into debt at the rate of $100,000 ta a day. in S. A. Keiler, president of District 19, A! United Mine Workers (Tennessee), is- to sues an appeal for a congressional in- E vestigation of the threatened eviction oi of coal miners, their wives and chil* vt dren of eastern Tennessee and south- d eastern Kentucky. He states that not- tli withstanding the union had a signed agreement to run to March 31, 1922, the miners voluntarily, December, 1921, ln accepted a reduction of $2.50 per day ex in wages, and now the mine owners aE want to make a further reduction in UI wages. ca It is stated in New York that hun- (le A m rl o /~?f ro {1 A a hovn inaHtiitori in. hp junction proceedings against the government by counsel in connection with ^ the rate order promulgated by the interstate commerce commission, effective March 1, which the petitioners as- j sert is arbitrary and outside the pow- ^ ers of the commission. Because four young women in his congregation giggled right out in meeting, Rev. George Robertson, pastor of J' a negro church has hailed them into ^ police court on a charge of break- 1 ing up a church service. The magistrate continued the case until he could consult law and precedents on gig- c'a. gl,ng" sp Suspension of work by all union coal *" miners at midnight, March 31, was S!l ordered by the United Mine workers ^ of America, recently, the call being the first ever issued for both bitumi- L nouf- and anthracite workers to walk out simultaneously. Six hundred thou- 3,t sand men will be affected. Kt( Watch in hand, Warden Westbrook re' of Chicago told prisoners threatening sa to mutiny he would give them just in 'ten minutes to go to their cells. All lni the mutineers soon disappeared, as the ,l' warden was backed up with a suffi- fn cient number of armed guards. A government cutter will probably cu be sent out to the wrecked sailing vessel, discovered recently bottom up near Isle Dernier, off the south coast of Louisiana. hj" An electrical storm of severe inten- " 1 sity recently struck Jacksonville, Fla., but did no great damage. ar It is alleged that J. A. Pelt, a judge, 611 63 years old, has been kidnaped. He is a justice of the peace. A worthless check for $275, drawn on the defunct Denver State bank and (>n signed "O. What Luck." was accepted , in Kansas City, Mo., March 3, in pay | raent fo an automobile. Narcotis drugs, imported whiskey ce and automobiles values at almost $35,000 were seized by Memphis police which resulted in a number of arrests on charges of violations of the liquor {r and narcotic laws. nr Twelve were hurt, some of them seriously, when a heavily laden De- vt troit avenue trolley car crashed into the rear of a Cleveland and South- j0 western interurban car in the downtown section of Cleveland, Ohio. ^ Governor J. B. A. Robertson, of ve Oklahoma, submitted to arrest at Ok- of mulgee, Okla., on a charge of accept- fit ing a bribe to permit operation of an cj, insolvent bank. Convicted of stealing $31,000 worth ln; of assets in bankruptcy proceedings, g0 Jacob Harris and Joseph Weiner, tt wholesale jewelers, were bound for At- nr 1 lanta penitentiary to serve sentences fr( of a year and a day each. w Williams Simmons and Homes John- -e son, sawmill workers, were burned to 'j, death while asleep at Dierks' Ark., ! when fire destroyed the Westbrook p, j hotel- pa The lugger World, together with her ( crew of nine men and cargo of whisk' ev, said to be worth $30,000, fell into the hands of federal prohibition agents on Lake Ponchartrain, near Milneburg. Miss Elsie Smith, 19, and Alphonse Beyer, 22, were found in the trying ^ room of the Maple Silk company's ,n plan, each with bullet wounds in the W| head, at Paterson, N. J. ^ Workers in some of the mills affect- pi ed by the strike were attacked by wi strike sympathizers in the Fairlawn th district at Pawtucket, R. I. VI "General" Jacob S. (fexey, of Mas- ? sillon, Ohio, who led "Coxey's army" in the march on Washington in 1894, in the interest of economic legislation he sponsored, announced that he was planning to gather followers for an- ul! other drive on the capital. ce dn Gwendolyn Armour, 6-year-old p, daughter of Philip D. Armour III., (1I] died fom a form of septicemia after , a week's illness, during which the mil- ,]r | lions of the Armour family, the skill m ! of a dozen nurses and the resources th ; of entlrd city of Chicago proved un- h j availing. ' th \ j&oo %soo* "HIIEN the world was W young and civilization was In the learning-to-walk stage of its development prlmitlve man realized a need for something hich would enable him to finish the sk arrested by .darkness. Of that >ed artificial Illumination was born. II through the ages they have come gether, civilization and lighting, very forward step In the progress of ilture has been marked by an adiwe in illumination. The way to our villzution of today lies parrallel to e way to better light. A stick from the tire was no doubt e first lighting unit, for when man the earliest uges made nocturnal cursions into the surrounding gloom id needed illumination, he snatched ? a piece of burning wood from the mp-fire. Yet there is plenty of evince that crude forms of oil-lamps me into use long before history was gun. Shells and hollow stones, even e skulls of animals, were filled witli i, extracted from olives, nuts or getables, and this oil, burning witht a wick, furnished a feeble, fllckerg light accompanied by an unpleast odor. in the course or time sume uue ought of a wick, and the eurliest riu of this improvement in illumina>n was a floating wick of umss or er. In the Orkney islands the >rmy petrel, with a wick in its bill [ used as a candle today. The cur- j ss of an oil fish is similarly used in j aska. Candles were preceded by lints, but both were used during the > me period. Gas illumination was the 1 xt step, appearing less than a eenr,v before the electric lamp proved j mmercially successful. In the ruins of Fara, Babylonia, HX) B. C., was found the earliest me lump of which there is any cord. This was merely a crude ucer-shaped affair, about four inches diameter, cut from alabaster. An iprovement over the stone lump was e pottery lamp, which could be more sily shaped, and specimens of around 0 B. C., have been found. A form ! lied the "Virgin's lamp," used in , hie times consisted of a small hollow | ssel, with a opening In the top for the .ck, which could be carried In the nd. Within the next half century, out 200 A. D., these pottery lamps : id been greatly improved in appear-1 ice, for by then they hud begun to as- j me regular forms, with handles I id some attempt at decoration. Two indred years later bronze lamps ude their appeurance. A modifica?n of this type, known us the Flortine lamp, which could be suspended t - chains, followed a few hundred t tars later. In the early part of the fifteenth ntury, about the time that Columbus j as discovering the Americas, the >nptian stand lamp was widely, ed In the Mediterranean eoun- 1 ies of Europe. Its graceful and tistlc utility is characteristic of the ?naissance during which it was in ?gue. The Flemish oil lnmp, 1,600 A. D., rms as sharp a contrast to the Venetn lump as does the Reformation triod, of which the former wus a delopment, to the Renaissance period , the latter. Lamps of this type may ill be found in use among the poorer asses of continental Europe. The candle is reully a form of oil mp in which the oil or grease In lid form is melted by the flame as Is used. It was formerly made from limal fats, but Is now made of wax am berries and paruffln. Whale oil is the chief nominating oil for immy ars. Benjamin Franklin "disco\eted at two wicks gave more than tw^c? e light of one, and this led to tne anklin double-burners. Cnmphene, a itent fluid used about 1850, was a HATBANDS In the story of the plain little band : at circles the crown of a man's hat | '8 an interesting fashion of bygone j ys. During the Plantagenet period Fnirliind the head covering for men 18 h hood, from which wus susnded the dlrlplpe or long tippet, cture our men walking down Broadly or Main street with sashes on elr hats! In the reign of Henry [II the hat superseded the hood CREDIT ACCORDED LUTHER One story ascribes the flr'-t Chrlstus tree to Martin Luther, who conIved the rather pretty Idea that the irk branches of the young spruce, yly illuminated with colored candles id hung with its bright ornaments1 id gifts, would suggest to the cliil- \ en the dome of heaven with It; In- ! unernble stars, and, perhaps, I oughts of praise and gratitude to' im who Is the (,-Iver of all ,<ood: lugs around theai. J - 1 ? - I A ll$kd Lamps ?)<oc/. 70.25. #7 * If. / Moulfojv/ GOC mixture of turpentine nnd alcohol. It | gave a much brighter light than whale oil, but was dangerous on uccount of its explosive nature, and consequently wus never very popular. Kerosene was first nrocurable in commercial quantities about the time of the Civil war, and the ordinary kerosene lamp is still the chief illuminant in territories where electricity nnd gas are not as yet available. * In 1879 came the "incnndescent" electric lamp invented by Thomas A. Edison. In the autumn of 1877 Edison announced his intention immediately to devote himself to the problem of producing a commercially practicable AlAMiHU CICVUH* 121114V. Ills triumph came on October 21, 187!*. On that date, after persistent labor, Edison succeeded in carbonizing a piece of cotton sewing thread bent into a loop of horse-shoe shupe. This he sealed in a glass bulb which had been exhausted until a very high vncuura wus produced. For forty hours after the circuit was closed, the brightly incandescent filament remained intact. Not being satisfied with this form of filament Edison begun to cnrbonize everything in nature that he could tiiink of. He wanted a material that, when carbonized, would be uniform and homogeneous. As he looked1 U^SHS2SH5ZSH5SSH52SH5Z52SH5HSZ5HSHS; | NEW MEMORY > Ipr t \ !? U::: M,... 3Cw larvrr APRIL 27, 1S22, Ulysses Simpson or mont county, Ohio. The one hunt observed In Washington by the unveil In There will be elaborate ceremonies. VI olpul speaker. The photograph shows t In the background. The completed memorial Is*the res signer and sculptor, Henry Merwln Sh George P. Shra.ly attended President G The work is pyramidal In ouil ne, sweeping up to the central character, ( In the center 0/ the memorial. A: the cavalry detail going into action, and the Each group fuces the central figure. and the long tippet took the form of | the hut band. This was wider than I those now in vogue arid was gradually narrowed down. In fact, the bands which nien now wear on their huts j when they are in mourning are identical with the very first hatbands. Giant's Causeway. The most interesting wonder in the world is Giant's Causeway, which stretches for four miles along the coust of County Antrim in Ireland. It is a collection of huge rocks which go LAZZARON! OF NAPLES The lazznrnni were a class of vaga-! bonds in Naples. Italy, which formed a distinct caste in the Seventeenth j and Klgliteenth centuries. They annually elected a chief, called Capo Lazzaro, who was recognized by the authorities and frequently took un active part In political affairs. In 1047. headed by Musanlello, they overthrew the government and held possession of j the city for u few duys. In 17LjJj instl- A JSOO 1 ISSO ll III I gm^/VM iri^* I / I HP? I: |j ' I &OOA 2>. I ? : y^Jjr > -<4_ZX MM i ?d zero around Ills laboratory one day, he saw an ordinary palm leaf fan upon a tuble. After a study of the texture of the binding, he asked one of his assistants to curbonize filuments made from the rim. He was so Impressed with the result of this experiment that he sent men all over the world to secure specimens of bamboo. A certain variety of Japanese bamboo was finally adopted, and for nearly nine years all Edison lamps had bamboo filaments. In 1907, the pressed tungsten lamp was placed on the market, but scientists did not stop here; the goal was ductile tunasten. Tun'gsten is not a rnre metal, but It was not largely used owing to the fnct that no method had been discovered by which Its natural hard and brittle stute could be changed. Tungsten Is now produced In a ductile form and can be drawn Into a wire which has a tensile strength varying from 400.000 to 500,000 pounds a square Inch. In 1011, the wire-drawn lamp with which we are all familiar made Its appearance. This lamp, which gives three times as much light ns the carbon lamp, contains a filament of drawn tungsten wire within a bulb of clear glass from which the air has been exhausted. In 1914 the gus-fllled lamp was produced. \L TO GRANT f SZ5i?iL5Z5325H5ESESZ5ES252SS5H5Z5~cS ant was oorn in point Pleasant, ClerIredth anniversary of his birth will be ig of a statue In the botanical gardens, ce President Coolldge will be the prinhe Grant statue, with the capltol dome suit of twenty years' effort by the derady of Ifew York, whose father, Dr. rant up to the time of his death, with all the minor figures nnd groijps JenernI Grant sitting astride his ho.-se i opposite ends are two groups, one a other a field battery going Into action. down into the sea, and many rench e height of 30 feet. Legend says that the stones were put In such a neatly arranged position by an Irish giant in order to Induce his enemy the Scofs gl?ot to come over and fight him. Another belief Is that giants hurled these huge stones at one another. The Idea that the causeway really did once ex1.1 r> H la atrnnrrfhtmpil hv i trim iv oiumiim 10 di* ... the fact that In Flngal's cave. In the Island of Stnffa, oft the Scottish coast, stones exactly similar In appearance and arrangement are found. gated by Cardinal Ruffo and led by Mlchole Sforza, they successfully resisted the attacks of the French. The lu/.zaroni had no homes nor regular occupations. They wore ragged clothes, were filthy in their habits and slept 'n the open air. They got their name either from Lazarus, the beggar, or more probably from the hospital of Sr. Lazarus, which served as a place of refuge for the destitute of tha city. Some- authorities sav the word iJ de rived from the Itulluu lazaro (leper or pauper). Washii 'VSide: f Why Congressional WE MUST HAVE THE PUBLICITY TX7ASHINGTON.?There Is Just "" enough justice In the complaints heard In Congress from time to time of the failure of the American press adequately to report Its proceedings to justify them as a matter of abstract truth. That the newspapers do not tell what Is going on In congress Is a statement which cannot he sustained; that the newspapers do not tell all that occurs at the capltol day by day Is a self-evident fact. Substantially a cross-section of the processes of legislation In the making Is presented to the country with every ?* -? 1 e a rising sun, una mere are iunuuinunitii | Supreme Court Upho CONSTITUTIONALITY of the worn^ an's suffrage, or nineteenth, amendment was sustained by the Supreme court In a unanimous decision rendered by Justice Iirandeis. The challenge came from the state of Maryland, where Oscar Lester and others sought to prevent the registration of two women as qualified voters in Baltimore. Lester and his associates contended that the constitution of Maryland limited suffrage to men, that the legislature of Maryland had refused to ratify the woman's suffrage amendment and that the amendment had not become a part of the federal constitution. The Mnryland state courts sustained the amendment. The contention that an amendment to the federal constitution relating to additions to the electorate cannot be made without the consent of the state, the court disposed of by reference to the fifteenth or equal suffrage amendment, declaring that "one cannot be valid and the other invalid.", It pointed out that the validity of the fifteenth amendment had been recognized for half a century. The suggestion that Several of the 36 states which ratified the nineteenth Economy May Stril "CREAKS that "attempts to curtail approprlatlons for the remount service" may be made in congress are expressed In communications received by the War department from horse breeders. Work formerly done by the Department of Agriculture in connection with Improvement of the farm horses Is now handled by the remount service, and the farmers' representatives have tiled protests with members of congress against any slash of the military budget which would interfere with this activity. The remount service has 200 stallions valued at more thun $500,000, and has mapped out a program for their employment in 40 states during Naw Is Getting Dc - y ? SECRETARY DENBY ordered SO additional destroyers and nearly three-score auxiliary naval craft placed out of commission to conserve fuel. The destroyers are In addition to the 100 ordered out of commission recently, and will leave In the navy 76 destroyers In full commission and 40 with heavily reduced complements aboard. Among other vessels besides destroyers ordered out of commission are five oil ships and one collier, two store ships, four mine layers, six mine sweepers and Eagle boats and 14 tugs and towing vessels. Secretary Denby said the ships ordered out of commission today and the hundred destroyers previously re| tired as an economy measure were In addition to 92 other ships of the navy placed out of commission since he took office a year ago. The department In that time, he added, has sold 257 obsolete or auxiliary naval craft and now has on sale 62 additional ships. A National Theate YOU NEED A flAT/CNAL THEATER TX7ASHIXGTON should have a V? great national theater such as most of the European capitals possess, so says Grattan C. Kerans, of St. Louis, a visitor. He says "Washington In this respect does not compare with other world capitals. There Is no theater in Washington thnt cun be even remotely compared to the opera In Paris or to the state theaters In Berlin. Vienna or even Petrograd. This situation should not exist in the capital of the rlrhest nation on earth. "Representatives of foreign governments coming to America on diplomatic missions, as during the recent li&Kis J Record Has Beats reasons why considerations of relativity of Importance must be borne In mind. It Is no longer possible for the newspapers to give full reports of the proceedings of senate and house, and the operations, investigations, Inquiries and conclusions of their various committees. In the Sixty-sixth congress no less than 16.239 public bills and 481 joint resolutions were Introduced in the legislative grist mill of the house of representatives, and more than 5,000 In the senate, of which 401 of the former and 69 of the latter class became laws. In addition to the 124 private bills and resolutions which were enacted. Not even congress Itself Is able to visualize at a single sweep of the eye n labor go vast In scope. A follow-up system of federal publicity, probably through the executive departments, to keep the country Informed. might be desirable. No single newspaper can report adequately every new act of congress and every Inter- ? mediate step taken in the process of converting the twenty-odd thousand bills into the five hundred-odd laws. ilds Woman Suffrage . amendment had' provisions in thelt state constitutions which prohibited the legislatures from ratifying, could not he entertained, the court stated, because the state legislatures derived their power In such matters from the federal constitution which "transcends any limitations sought to be imposed by the people of a state." i The remaining objection that the ratifying resolutions of Tennessee and West Virginia were Inoperative, because adopted in violation of legislative procedure In those states, maj have been rendered "Immaterial," the court declared, by the subsequent ratification of the amendment by Connecticut and Vermont. The contention was disposed, however, on a broader ground. ce Remount Service the year In co-operation with farmers, as It has been found that the most desirable type of horse for army use Is exactly the type best fitted for farm work. A message to Col. F. S. Armstrong, chief of the # remount service, signed by representatives of more than 40 horse breeders' organizations in the New England states, New York and * ) Pennsylvania, said the work carried on by the service Is "of incalculable value to the horse-bn^dlng Industry ' of the country." i "We especially protest," It said, "against the proposal to abandon the remount depot at Front Royal, Va^ the only remount depot In the east or south." The Utah Cattle and Horse Growers' association transmitted a resolution Indorsing plans of the remount service and urging congressional support of this work. The service was allowed $1150,000 In the current army bill, a reduction from $250,000 the year before, and plans for the coming fiscal year contemplate continued operation of three depots? | Front Royal. Fort Robinson, Neb., and I Fort Reno, OUla. >wn to Brass Tacks The American navy will continue to function, effecting all the economies already instituted until and unless a congressional mandate is received, directing otherwise, Secretary Den by says, in connection with action in the house on the navy's fuel estimate. Without a record vote the house passed and sent to the senate a bill appropriating approximately $108,500,000 to meet deficiencies. A provision which would limit to $0,300,000 the . amount the navy department would spend for fuel during the next four months remained In the bill. r for the Capital? international conference, are likely to base their opinion of American culture and civilization upon what they seo in the capital of the nation. They are accustomed In their own countries to * the magnificent structures for the production of the drama, and If they do not find similar facilities for the encouragement of art In the United States, they can hardly be blamed If tM&y give some credence to the old slander that America's 16 a 'dollar civilization' and that Americans excel only In the mechanical arts and sciences."" Mr. Kerens believes that the development of a national drama Is one of the best possible forces tending toward the Americanization of the varied elements of our population. It can be made a medium through which the salient. Inspiring facts of our history can be brought home to the consciousness of the foreign-born citizen. The government would be Justified In taking up the project of a national theater as a means of combating the spread ^ of Insidious radical doctrines.