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VOL. XXVIII. MANNING, S. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST l1 1915. FRMANS -SWEP OE FEAR IS EXPRESSED FOR SAFE TY OF RUSSIAN ARMY IVANGORO1 1$ I APTUIRED Object of Retreating Russian Grand Duke is to Keep His Armies In. Stac--Rssian Retreats art Menaced Toward North and South-Prepare to Evacuate Riga. London Friday: With the great Rnwian fortresses of Warsaw and Ivangorod captured and the fall of 1iga, the capital of the Baltic prov ices, imminent, the Austro-German onslaught has rea~hed its high tide In the east and the next step will be the German emperor's triumphant entry kitthe Polish capital. That evidently is likely to be fo lowed- by the pronouncement of a united and semi-autonomous Poland, embracing not only the territory *rested from .the Russians, but the Austriai crown land of Galicia. Meantime, .the Russian armies are fighting their way backward toward Russian property, Inflicting blows on the invaders wherever possible, try g to fend them off the railways running north and south, in order that the ends of the German nippers may not meet and bring disaster to the Russian arms.. he position of the army of Grand Duke Nlcholas.is a mnatter of solici tude, as the occupation of Warsaw is - believed to be the prelude to pavelop lng the retreating troops. Petrograd reports show the grand duke has retired to the right bank of Vistula, both at Warsaw and Ivan gorod,' destroying brdges and con testing the German advance across the river. Back of the -retiring Russians is -the .vast morass of central Poland, withi few railways and primitive roas* making virtualy Impossible a quick movament of guns and supplies, whbf back of Warsaw, the onlyfort ress avaiable as a rallying point is Thus the Russians are menaced by Gen. von Buelow's column bend fng southward, and by Field Marshal von Mackensen's southern army bending northward. The fall of Ivan gorod proper. is officially reported t6-day in bulletins both from. Berlin and Vienna. Berlin reports Friday via-London: The Russian fortress of Ivangorod, stuated on the Vistula river forty fnve miles southeast of Warsaw, was captured by the Teutonic armies Thursday. . Petograd reports Friday via Lon don: l Russian general staff state 'ment, explaining preparations to evacuate Ivangorod, says: "Because' of the- impossibility of -vangorod sustaining seige, all its Vrovlsions were methodically remov ed Thursday. "On some of .our lines west of - Ivangored our rear guards detained the enemy for some days, without heavy fighting, but on Wednesday conformably to our general plan of action, those rear guards blew up the concrete bases supporting the brick casements of the forts, destroyed the bridges ad -withdrew to the right bank of the Vistula." The evacuation of Ivangorod ap parently was admitted Thursday night by Petrograd in an official statement wbich said:. "In the Ivangorod district the Rus sians have crossed the right bank of the Vistula, blowing up the bridges behind them." A statement issued later. in the night -explained that the Ivangorod forts were not properly constructed for modern warfare. This statement was made "in reply to the Austrian caim that a great victory was achiev - ed in Ivangorod capture." It fur ther states that all the provisions li the city were "methodically" -recov ed after which the Russian rear guard blew up the concrete bases supporting the brick casements of the -' forts, destroyed the bridges and crossed the river. Ivangorod is located at the con fluence of the Vistula and~ Vieprr * rivers. It is situated on the railroad running to Lulrow and Brest-Litovsk and also on a line connecting with Warsaw. London Friday: Discussing the sit uation around Riga, the Petrograd correspondent of the Morning Post says: "Russian military forces seem - merely to be observing the German advance and falling back before It. The Germans now are fifteen miles farther east than yesterday. Their main body has got beyond the diffi cult swamp region which was the city's chief natural defense. They now are in a -good forest country 'through which they are being guided by local Germans-Riga's population Is fifty per cent. German. * "Refugees give l11'zminating ac counts of the conduct of those Rige Germans. When the Russian popu lation was preparing to leave Rige assumed the appearance o~f a city cel ebrating a national holiday. Ger mans swarmed the streets and every sign of public rejoicing was appar ent." London, Friday: "The Russian war office has set aside twenty-fve mil lion dollars to help pay the cost of the removal of Warsaw mills and fac tories to the interior of the empire," says the. Petrograd correspondent of the Times. "The Warsaw retreat is -less the direct outcome of engage ments on the Blonie line and in the Nowogeorgiewsk region than the re sult of the strategic situation as a whole. "In the region of Ostrolenka and the mouth of the Skwa the enemy threatened to cut our rear communi cation and deprive us of the oppor tunity of re-grouping, while by their offensive in the Lomza district the Germans are striving to effect a deel envelopment of our forces on the Vis tuls. river. Should this offensive be further developed it possibly will be directed against Bialystok and Brest Litovsk from the north. It is quite likely that Field Marshal von Mack ensen will transfer his troops froir the Chelm district to co-operate ir this attempt "Anos. 3r factor was the auxiliar3 operation - on both banks of the Vieprz against- Lukow, intended tc cut the Ivangorod-Lukow line. "To-day's news warrants the con clusion that the fate of Riga is seal ed. The country on this side of ths Mussa, where fighting is proceeding at the pesent does not afford th4 YivE MEXICANS CHANCE TO CONFER FOR PEA South American Governments Tak Into Conference of the United States as to Mexico. Armed factions in Mexico are to given one more opportunity to s whether they are ready to make honest effort among themselves compose their dif-"rnnces. A message expr -ssing the concei ed demand of North and South Am( ica that there shall be peace and r( toration of constitutional gover ment, -addressed to all the Mexica political and military leaders, pro ably will be dispatched within a fV days as one of the first results of conference at the state departme Thursday in which the six rankii diplomats of the Pan-American leg tion corps participated with Secr tary Lansing at the invitation President Wilson. While the appeal will be made all the Mexican leaders it will be I tended especially for Gen. Carran and his followers, who oppose anot er peace convention. It was disclosi that President Wilson has been correspondence with the executiv of the Latin-American nations, w have urged that the United Stat take the lead in a strong position t wards Mexico, and in this inform way have pledged their support to Pan-American concert of action. Secretary Lansing, speaking for i present, said: "I have absolute nothing' to say about to-day's pr ceedings. The informal conferen, will be resumed to-morrow afte noon. For the diplomats who we present I will say that they came in the conference with the distinct u: derstanding that it was to be he absolutely confidential and secret Meeting with Secretary Lansli were Ambassadors Naon of, Arge tizia, Dagama of Brazil, and Srarez Chile, and Ministers Mendez of Gu temala, Calderon of Bolivia, and D jena of Uruguay. The ambassado: were .invited because they were tI meidiators who attempted to sett Mexican affairs at the Nikgara coi ference last summer. - The ministe are the three ranking members of t Latin-American legation corps. Before a program is adopted tho, who attended the conferene will sul mit it to their governments, and b fore it is put into effect all the IPa Amirican nations will be asked f< their approval.' None of the Mex can factions was represented in tl conference. AERICA FLES- PROTEST WITH FRANCE OVER DACI State Issue Whether United StaU Had Right.to Register For, mer German VesseL Announcement from Paris that French prize court had confirmed tt seizure of the American steamer D cia as a fair prize found the state d, partment preparing to protest the d, ision, which carries with it forfe ture of the vessel. It is planned i make this a test case of the right ( a neutral to grant registry to a be ligerent owned merchant ship. ' The Dacia's cotton cargo is not ii volved. The British government b1 fore- the Dacia sailed from Galvestc last -spring for Rotterdam, announi ed that the cargo, consigned to Bra men, would not be detained, the al nouncement being binding up( France. The French governmel purchased the cotton. The issue in the Dacia case is tl right of the United States to perm registry under its flag of a vessel fo: merly owned by a German corpor: tion, but declaredi sold to an Amer can citizen. Great Britain has san tioned such transfers in wartime at could not consistently seize the Da cia. France has always held that ti transfer of a merchant ship- to a nel tral power must have been effecte at least thirty day'; before the ou break of hostilities. At the beginning of the war. tl United States served notice on ti belligerents that as they had not col sented to observe the unratified de laratons of London as a whole. th government would not be bound I them, but would stand on the gener; principles of international law. The protest against. condemnatic of the Dacia will rest on these pril ciples. BANKS WILL BE ASSESSED Tax Commission Continues Asses ments Until Supreme Court Acts. Eugene B. Gary, chief justice the Supreme Court, Thursday sign4 two orders whi~h will allow the sta tax commission to continue its wol in assessing the banks of South Cari lina. The commission will procel with its work until the matter finally determined by the full sa preme court. The orders of Chief Justice Gai make null and void tho injunctic and the writ of mandamus signi several days ago at Laurens by R. Watts, associate justice. The orders stay the proceedings: the cases of the Peoples Nation Bank of Greenville, "in behalf ofi self and all other banks in this state and the Nations.1 Loan and Exchan, Bank of Greenwood and W. T. Baili against the tax commission. Bo cases will be argued at the Novemb term of the supremo court. Russians a line capable of stemmii the enemy's advance but is suitat merely for rear guard actions. T1 River Dvina is intrinsically a mo formidable obstacle but as Riga situated -on both sides of the river, does not afford opportunities for fective defenses. "Two corps of Gen. von Buelov army already have .reached the Mt sa. The evacuation of Riga is in fi swing. The streets are packed wi dense crowds and the stations are 1 sieged with those anxious to leave. "The evacuation of Mitau was fected by the post office employe and the police last Saturday. Gi man residents were greatly delight at the arri-val of their countrym( They had made no secret of th4 sympathies. ' Russian Losses Admittedly Hear: Petrograd reports Wednesday th the Rfsian.1osses in defending We saw "were very heavy, but our troo are making a valiant resistance the enemys plan to deal a severe ok rom the Naw line.* CAPTURES WARSA en BAVARIAN TROOPS MAKE ED TRY INTO POLISH CITY e RUSSIANS ARE PURSUEI to t- Retreating Army May Find New Pc is- sition Has Been Turned by th Austrians Who Have Crossed th b- Bug-Germans Cross Narew ani M a Baltic Raid Continues Dangerous nt ig The Germans hold Warsaw, cap a. tal of Poland, and the third larges e. city in the Russian empire. Bava of ran troops entered the- city Thura day morning, having taken succes to sively the Blonie lines and the oute . and inner fortresses of the city it za self, the Russians only fighting rea h- -guard actions to allow their mail 3d army to escape. in While to the Bavarians unde 83 Prince Leopold has fallen the hono 10 of taking over Warsaw in the nam Es of the German emperor and his con 0- sort, who are expected to -make al state entry within a few days, th a real conquerors are von Hindenberg' troops fighting along the Narew rive i to the northwest, the Austro-German ly who crossed the Vistula to the sout] 0- of the city and the armies of th< e Austrian Archduke Joseph Ferdinant r- and the German field marshal, voi re Mackensen, advancing northward be to tween the Vistula and the Bug rivers a The Russians are fighting desper ately and stubbornly to check th< progress of these four armies, an( have~ had several successes, inflict f ing heavy losses on their pursuerg but they are being steadily presse back, which made the longer occupa tion of the Warsaw Polish salient i r hazardous undertaking. le Even now, although the steadines, 1- of Russian troops and their fierc( rs connte1l-attacks have gained muel te valuable time for them, it is proble matical whether the whole Russiar ;e army will reach new positions choser . or whether, if it should get there, il a- will not find those positions turne( 1- by the Austrians, who have crossec >r the Bug southeast of Chelm, and the 1- Germans under von Scholz and vor Le Gallwitz, who have crossed the Na. rew. At .the northeastern end of the line the Russian communications ar further threatened by Gen. von Bue low, advancing towards Dvinsk, or the Vilna-Petrograd railway. Indeed the Austro-Germans have set thre traps to catch and destroy the Rus. m sian army. None of them was sprung but one was so near. to closing tha Grand Duke Nicholas was forced tc evacuate Warsaw and now is fight ing with all his might to prevent the a others from cutting off his retreat. .e Thus- far he seemingly has beer t- successful, for, although the German clerm the capture of many prisoners, the aggregate is small when compar I- ed with the immense forces eng'aged. :o In addition the Russian guns ap If parently are well on their way to the I- rear. From refugees, who left Warsav i- some days ago and have arrived al - Moscow, it has been learned tha f Warsaw, even at that early date, had been denuded of virtually everything -that might be useful to the Teutons. - Factories have been stripped of their n machinery and all war stores moved t into the interior of Russia, and the government of the city left to the e Polish population. t The Russians also are preparing tc 'evacuate Riga, in the north. The ar "rival of Germans ten miles south o: that city already has been the cause of the civilian population' departing d While expressing the fullest con -' fidence In the future, the British mil e itary critics make no attempt to be - little the achievements of Teutons or dthe effect their success is likely tc t have in the near east and the west Since early in May, when they start e ed their great counter-offensive ix L Western Galicia, against the Rus 1- sions, who were debouching througl: - the Carpathians onto the plains oj 1s Hungary the troops of the Germanic y powers have cleared the Russians oui nl of Galicia, with the exception of narrow strip of territory in the south n west, have recaptured- Przemysl and i- Lemberg, taken Lublin, Chelm and Warsaw and are in military occupa tion of virtually the whole of P0 land. What their next move will be is matter of conjecture. Some militar) observers believe they will continui - to attack the -Russians in the hope oj finally crushing them, a task consid ered difficult by the fact that the Russians in their retreat lay thi country in waste. Others of the ob dservers think Serbia will be attacket eto Impress the Balkan States, whil4 still others look for a big offensive ii dthe west. All of the observers are o: the opinion that wherever the nem Soperation is begun it will be on a bii scale. DENIES AUSTRIA'S REQUEST Note on Embargo Has 'Been Complet, ed by State Department t- The American reply to Austria Hungary's re -ent diplomatic noti e suggesting an embargo on war ex 7 ports to the allies on the ground tha tthe traffic has grown to proportion: er which violate American neutrality practically has been finished by thi - state department and will be dis ig patched to Vienna shortly. le The note reiterates the position o ie the United States, as expressed ti re Count Bernstorff, the German ambas is sador, that "the planing of an em it bargo on the trade in arms at thi f- time would be a direct violation o the neutrality of the United States. s Austria's contention that "a neu .s- tral government is not permitted t ll allow unhindered trade in contraban th of war if this trade assumes suc] e- character or proportions that the neu~ trality of the country is thereby im f- paired,'' is declared in the Americal es reply to be impractical. ed Food for the Mexicans. n. Americans in Mexico City gave th ir Red Cross six thousands, which wc used Thursday to purchase stapi groceries in New Orleans. wherei r was shipped to the capital. r. French Fleet Bombards Towns. ps French warships on August 3 boa to barded Sighadjik, on the Anatolia: >w coast, and destroyed the custor huse and the fortifications. MEMBER FEDERAL BOARD W DISCUSSES THE SITUATION. Harding Gives His Views on the Cot- Pei ton Situation, Comparing This t Season With the Last. Conditions that confront the South in handling the 1915 cotton crop and flo the conditions a year ago are con- its trasted by W. P. G. Harding, of the wa federal reserve board, in the current los issue of the Federal Reserve Bulle- thr tin. The position of cotton to-day is anc B much stronger and financial and oth- an< er conditions are much better than a dre D year ago, in Mr. Harding's opinion, den and if the people of the South will the not weaken their position "by unwise 1, action," they have little to fear. day "The cotton tragedy of 1914," says ed - Mr. Harding, "will be succeeded in den t 1915 by nothing more serious than a thr - drama." Mr. Harding warns the wai South in its desire to see a broad mar- due - ket established for cotton to do noth- inc r Ing to embarrass President Wilson in A - his conduct of international affairs. thr r "It should be remembered," says Mr. hug I Harding,. "that the president owes a city higher duty to the South, to the Foi r whole country and tb mankind at this strf r juncture than the establishment of the a cotton values. Serious complications inc: between this country and any great I foreign power certainly would not stre enhance cotton values." ser After comparing conditions affect- tab - ing the market this year and last, has Mr. Harding says: ref "Under the most adverse condi- the tions conceivable, with demoralization and in every money market, with high In- the terest rates, with emergency currency I being issued daily in large volume, me with enormous gold shipments cuil abroad, with crippled shipping facili- por ties, without adequate insurance pro- was tection and with ocean freights three fro: to five times normal, we -began in hot August, 1914, to market a crop of the nearly 17,000,000 bales of cotton. '7 Financial institutions, already hard ren pressed, were unable and unwilling wid to make advances on cotton. In ad- sho dition to this the Southern farmers, dev who have this year planted record- hea breaking food crops, were faced with inte a deficiency in home-raised food- som stuffs, and were in many cases forced alo1 to sell cotton to pay off pressing in- ed 1 debtedness and to secure adequate age fo'd supplies." . Attention is' called to the fact that of 1 the high prices for cotton now pre- stoi vailing in Germany and Russia, about stoc thirty cents a pound, will attract cot- acts ton to those countries in spite of ap- on t parently insurmountable obstacles, a te just as high prices paid for cotton the abroad during the civil war made fell blockade-running a steady business. wer There seems to be no question that bloc ample funds can be obtained to fin- pull ance in a normal way a much larger men volume of cotton than was taken I care of last year, and that even'if Ger- elec many and Austria-Hungary should be afte forced to suspend cotton manufactur- a h ing entirely, statistics show that the tee mills of the onited States, Great Bri- Ma tain, Spain, Russia, Italy, Japan, und China and India have spindles suffi- to t cient to absorb every bale of .cotton that is likely to be cultivated. "It should be noted," says Mr. Harding, "that the reduction ' in American cotton acreage this year amounts to more than 5,000,000 acres, and that Egypt and India have also made radical reductions in cot- Teu ton -acreage. It is probable that the world's cotton crop, based on an I average yield per acre, will be about 6,000,000 bales less than last year. "Cotton, unlike grain, is a com-, modity the market value of which de- ei preciates in time of war, and the ver' South was a' producer of that com modity has suffered. Celn "The actual position of cotton, Nai however, is so much stronger than was the case a year ago, the financial lo and other conditions are so very much more favorable that there can o be no doubt that If thie South will or69 keep cool and will refrain from mere- 8ast ly weakening its own position by un- nut3 wise action the prsent nervousness ti regarding the market for the growing tria crop will soon disappear. "Even in the face of all the adverse no, conditions during the last twelve and months the average price of cotton cer: has been about what might-have been offi, expected for a 17,000,000-bale crop ed had there been no war, and there is offia every reason to believe that the aver- " age price of cotton during the next cell twelve months will be higher. The 843 real question is: Will Southern mer- ma< chants and Southern bankers, and all not others interested in Southern trade, wer co-operate in securing for the cotton bell producer the benefit of this average ers. price, and will the cotton producers ava themselves do their part? My knowl- 8,0o edge of Southern character and of hav Southern business conditions justifies a confident belief that an affirmative e answer will be given. GiERMANS REFUSE NOTE Does Not Concede That American Wa Rights Were Violated. Germany is unyielding in her re fusal to concede that the sinking of the American ship Willam -P. Frye Anm by the auxiliary cruiser Prinz Eltel Col Friedrich in the South Atlantic last dea January was- a violation of American sna rights under the Prussian-Amenican see: treaty or international law. -so In reply to the last American rep- ly , resentation~s the German foreign of- se fice, in a niote made public in Wash- ti 3 ington Thursday night, reiterates ,a ma: - previous justification of Grmany's blo tcourse, reiterates her willingness to can pay for the ship and acccpts a pro ,posal, first advanced b'y the United ' States, that the amount of damages life b e fixed by two experts, one to be hoc selected by each country. Such a sumdo f the German government pledges itself suJ~ to pay promptly, with the stipulatiOn.wa -however, that the paymcnt shall notul - be viewed as a satisfaction for viola- g tion of American rights. sr f Should that method be unsatisfac 'tory, Germany invites the United sna - States to arbitration at The Hague.me The unofficial view is that repara- the tion by a commission of experts prob-th ably will be satisfactory to the Unit- of - ed States, with the express provision, yea - however, that it is not a waiver of it treaty rights for which the United States contends, but applies to the matter of damrages. ' Hydroplanes Win Battle. req s Petrograd says a Russian hydro- for plane succeded in driving a German att; t gunboat ashore near Windau and Pas later forced a Zeppelin to retreat. Let Louisiana's First Bale. - The first bale of the 1915 crop I raised in Louisiana war sold at auc- haa a tion at New Orleans Thursday for fif- Gal ..tee cent. asta LTER RUNS SIX FEET DEEP IN ERIE STREE1 msylvania Town a Scene of Deva ation--25 Lives and $3,000,000 Worth of Property Lost. )aylight Tuesday broke over )d-stricken city of Erie, Pa., wi business streets running rivers .er. Probably twenty-five liv property damage estimated ee million dollars, scores of hom t dozens of factories swept awa the distress of homeless hu ds were the effect of an unprec ted storm which struck Erie at immediate vicinity Monday nigh Lfter almost an all day rain Mo a heavy thundershower culmina in a cloudburst. For an hour res .ts along the course of Mill Crec Dugh the east center of tihe ci cher the slow-rise of the strear > to, a rainfall of nearly' thr< ies in six hours. - At eight-forty-five Glenwood dar e miles above the city, burst. e wall of water swept through ti , carrying with it many home ir blocks on either side of t am, the main business artery ( city, were inundated from s es to flive feet deep. :arly Tuesday morning telephon t car, gas and electric lighti rice were paralyzed. The char le societies, the armory, hotels az tily organized shelter clubs ga' ige to hundreds. The darknes danger of broken electric wire th twenty-five mile current < flood mpde rescue work perilei 'ire Chief McAfahon and four ai L had a narrow escape while re ig three women and it was r ted they had perished. Later learned they jumped to safe1 a second-story windows as ti se was washed away from unde 'hroughout Monday night the to t of rain continued. Only ti e mouth of the creek at the lal re prevented a much more seriot astation. .Piles of debris wer ped fifteen feet high on the stree rsecting the path of the flood i e cases. Debris washed into home ig the course of the stream cau werhaps the greatest items of dan arly Tuesday morning as detail :he disaster began to collect th y of Fireman Sherry and Bate d out among the sco-os of hero . Taking a girl from her homt :he creek bank, they started dow lephone pole, which had enable a to reach her, when the hous against the pole and all thre swept into the swift current. :k further down the trio wer ed from the stream by other fir anger from falling high tensio tric wires became apparent soo r dawn and the authorities thre eavy guard of police and volu s around the flooded sectio1 y poles weighted with wires an ermined .by the flood dropped i he streets. aMANS CLMMCAlURE OF 3,035,200 RUSSIAN tons Report 8,000 Cannon an ,000 Maxims Captured Since the War Started. he German war minister furnisi a connection with the first. ann ary of the war interesting fit relating to the successes of t11 tral powers, says the Overses is agency. The statement fo Prisoners of war taken in Galici in German camps and hospital ~mployed as workers, total, 938 ;men captured in the campaig week and on their way to cam ib 120,000; prisoners in Au: -Hungary, 636,543, making id total of 1,695,412. Prisoners taken in Russia an in Germany total 5,000 office1 720,000 non-commissioned off and privates; in Austria, 3,19 ers and 610,000 non-commissibi fcers and privates; total, 8,79 ers and 1,330,000 men. German collecting stations ri ed up to the middle of June 5 captured field guns and 1,55 :hine guns. Many field pieces wel delivered- to these stations, bi e kept with the troops and ai g used against their former owi While exact figures are n< Liable, it is estimated that near] 0 guns and 3,000 machine gur a been captured." ' BY RATTLESNAKE; GIRL DIES IN 24 flOUR [eerboro Tot of Two Years Bitte by Male -Rttler That Struck Without Warning. he two-year-old daughter of Mr ie Garris of Round, ~Colleto eton county, met with a- horrib: th Monday, the result of. a rattli ie bite on Sunday. The child, us, was going down a patchi .e weeds and the snake apparen. ras lying across the path, the chil iping on it. The strike was fa1 ing.the child in the large toe, an ing a deep wound, from whic d was pouring when assistant 'he leg was corded, prolonging ti of the child for twenty-fot rs. Had this not been done, tI tons state, death would have rn ed in tea minutes. The snal a mle, and the male rattlesnak he the female, has no rattles, tLhi g no warning of its dead. hen it was attempted to kill tI ke it ut up a fierce fight, and ti' i were required to kill it. at a with considerable danger 1 aselves. This is the first fatali1 .ts kind in the county for sever: rs, and the age of the child mak4 he more sad. Wait Report of U- Boat. 'he American ambassador at Be Wednesday reported that he ht uested the German governmnel full reports concerning the rece1 1.ks on the American steaxm s of Bahama and the British shil lanaw and Ibernian. British Gain at Gallipoli. sondon reports that the Britis e gained the crest of the ridge; lipoli. The Turks denounce tI RULES THE WAVES ENGLISH FLEET HAS DONE ITS WORK IN THE WAR -0 3 EXPERT REVIEWS FIHT >s ;,tI as American Naval Strategist Compares F, .- Claims Set Forth by German and e English Reviewers as to the Oper t- ations of Battleships and Subma t- rimes In the War. Some time ago Count von 'Revent low, of Berlin, a naval expert, review ed the situation on the sea from a , German standpoint, and the Hon. e Balfour presented Great Britain's side about the same time. After A studying both summaries, an Ameri can expert arbitrates between them. . He says: -"Count von Reventlow's review of the accomplishments of the German navy during the first year of the war is mainly an apology for what it has not done, and Mr. Balfour's reply states the situation as well as any man could. Most naval officers, d viewing the .situation impartially, 'e would probably concede that the Brit ish navy has accomplished all that Mr. Balfour claims for it." This statement was made to the New York World by a high naval au thority when asked for an expression regarding the respective summaries of Count von Reventlow and Mr. Bal it four, concerning the. claims of the expongnts of these enemies. Con tinuing, he said: "Mr. Balfour speaks of seven things which a- fleet may do. Many naval officers probably would not state the proposition in that way, and e yet agree with him. The most im portant thing of all is to render im potent or powerless the fleet of the enemy. That the British navy has bottled up the German navy and ren dered it practically impotent can hardly oe questioned. All it can do at present is to make submarine at tacks by stealth on unarmed mer chant ships and fishing.boats. "The meaning of Count Reventlow S is not clear when he says: 'It is c plainly the standpoint of the British e admiralty to avoid serious encounters with the German fleet except under d specially favorable. conditions. It e fears that it would otherwise have e too few ships left and be weaker than the United States after the, war.' e "Count Reventlow is mistaken when he' attempts to state the policy of the British admiralty. Men who have followed closely the course of the war are very confident that the 'standpoint' of the British admiralty is to attack the German fleet every L. chance it gets. d "Every -time the Germans have sent a fleet outside of its protected naval bases and mine fields and at tempted to do anything the -move ment has been reported by British scout ships and a British fleet has , been on the scene on short notice prepared for action. "It is unquestionably true, as-stat ed by Count Reventlow, that 'it is d not correct to say that great armored ships do not come out and fight for fear of submarines, for there are many other reasons to be consider ed.' There is no particular reason now why either the British or . the German great armored ships should come out and fight. If conditions re quired It and were imperative, how ever, the submarines would not stop s them. "Where Farragut was entering Mobile Bay and the flagship of the fleet was sunk almost in an instant by the explosion of a mnine he did not withdraw from the attack. He said, 1 'Damn the nines! Go ahead.' That same spirit prevails to-day in naval circles, and when there is work that mest be done commanding officers are ever ready to take their chances against submarines, mines or what not and go ahead and do it. S"The feat of the German subma 0ines In cruising from the North Sea -to the Dardanelles was a remarkable accomplishment in steaming. It is true, also, that after their arrival they sank some enemy warships two British and one French. The enemy at the Dardanelles was sur prised.- They were not expecting sub tmarine attack. It is equally true, however, that since the sinking of these ships at the Dardanelles by the tGerman submarines nothing more has been heard from them. They may have been destroyed and may have steamed elsewhere. At any rate, the commanders of the allied fleet are now prepared for them and have been successful in defending their fighting ships against the submarines. "Of course, the German navy nas protected Its own coasts from attack by the British fleet, and Count Rev 1 entlow may well remind Great Britain that the boast of a former admiralty chief that the British dreadnoughts would be on the German coasts be fore the news of the breaking out of 3. the war appeared In the German i newspapers was a purely Idle one and has not been made good. On the - other hand, the attacks by German it ships on the English coast, while i daring, accomplished~ nothing of a - military value. They have not been d very numerous and none have been , attempted for months. d "Nobody can gainsay Afr. Balfour-'s declaration that the British navy has e driven German commerce off the seas and rendered Germany's navy utterly e impotent to strike a blow or to land .r a man in defense of her colonies. Neither will anybody question the proved efficiency of the British navy e in transporting British and Colonial , troops to France and Belgium, de c spite the proximity of German sub marines and naval bases. "I think it is undoubtedly true also e that from a naval standpoint Ger many was not prepared to have Eng d land enter the war. Count Revent 0 low doubtless is correct in saying *y that at the outbreak of the war the . German navy was hardly more than s one-half as strong as that of Great Britain. It will be recalled that Ger many was even greatly chagrinned that England deterrained to enter the Swar. "But England had to enter the war. British statesmen and naval tand military experts knew that Ger Lt many would defeat France and Rus rsia and probably take over Belgium. s They knew that the danger to Eng land with Germany in possession of ports on the French or Belgian coast, and even on the English Channel it h self, would be very greatly increased. t That is why England entered the war. .e She knew that Germany was making geat stries in building up a modern PEACE CARRIED TO HIAITI WHEN U. S. MARUNES LANDEI Leader of Successful Revolution An nounces His Forces Win Disarm Themselves. Hopes for a peaceful settlement 0: disturbances in Haiti were increase Thursday by receipt of a messag( from Rear Admiral .Capterton, com. manding the American naval forces a1 Port-au-Prince and Cape Haltien, an nouncing th'at the troops of Resolvc Bobo, leader of the successful revo lution, would disarm on their arriva: at Port-au-Prince. Gen. Bobo's met are reported en route from Cape Hai tien and should arrive in six days. An abstract of Admiral Caperton't report was given out which comment ed on conditions as follows: "Al though Cape Haitien is quiet, out. breaks are reported at Petitgoabe Miragoave and Jacmel. The Haitier committee at Port-au-Prince has telo graphed the authorities at thos( places directing them to- maintain or der, and Admiral Caperton is of th opinion that the order of the commit tee will be effective." Gen. Blot, who commanded th military forces of the governmen1 overthrown with the assassination ol President Guillaume, has left the country. Officials at Washington in ferred from his withdrawal from th( count'y that he had abandoned hop( of :,ing elected to the presidency News dispatches from Port-au-Princ Thursday said the National Assemblb was awaiting word from Gen. Bobo a, to whet-her he desired the office. Ad. vices early Thursday from Admiral Caperton said warning shots firec by the survey yacht Eagle at Cap( Haitien had. kept the revolutiQnist_ out of that city. GERMAN COUNCIL SUNDAY DECIDES POLAND'S FATI German. Prince Will Rule Over Prov ince Under Austrian and~ Polish, Rule. The occupation of Warsaw is cen tering attention on a series of impor tant events that are being arranged First will be the selection of a Ger man governor. Reports indicate the appointee will be a German prince, possibly a son of the German emper or, or an Austrian archduke, who will be vested with authority akin to that which Napoleon gave to hiE brothers and to his marshals as'kings of occupied territory. Berlin reports a council to be held on Sunday. will formulate a procla mation declaring Poland to be a semi autonomous state under joint iPolish and Austro-Hungarian rule. This conforms with a recent decision of a Polish congress held at Piotrkow, Russian Poland, which proposed a joint Polish and Austro-Hungarian rule with a separate Polish army and the fullest autonomy consistent with the strategic interests of Austria Hungary. The German offer of autonomy -is regarded as a bid for the support of the population of Poland as against a similar declaration of Emperor Nicholas promising eventual Polish autonomy under Russian suzerainty. The outcome of these events in War saw probably will determine the pa litical status of Poland during the RUSS MAY SAVE WARSAW. SAYS LONDON DISPATCE Alies Increasingly Hopeful That Pol ish Capital May Escape Its Impending-Capture. London, Wednesday: Rearguard fighting of the Russians to the north west of Warsaw has proved so effec tive that the German tide seems to have been held up, while to the south Field Marshal von Mackensen's forces pushing north from Lublin are being badly batterjd.. The only Austro--Germian progress on the eastern front Is toward Riga, In the extreme north, and before vangorod. The hope that the Polish capital may yet .be saved is becoming stronger among the allies. The German press explains that with the daily lengthening of com munications, the problem of trans port and reinforcements becomes more < 'mplicated, which accounts for the delay. The efficacy of the Rus sian rearguard blows Is not ignored by the newspapers, however. The German emperor and his consort, re ported on their way to Warsaw for a triumphant entry, have had to post pone the completion of their trip. From Warsaw itself comes the op timistic prediction that if the city is able to endure a week longer-and the dispatch was written four days ago-the evacuation may be avoided. Although thousands of civilians have fled, conditions are pictured as fairly normal. navy and was growing commercially at a remarkable rate. "A clash between Gel-manly and~ England was bound to come, and England chose a time when she knew Grmany would be least dangerous as an antagonist. "A clash between Germany and Great Britain was inevitable on ac count of the race between the two for naval supremacy. In 1900 Ger many started seriously to build up a navy. At that time England was so far ahead as to make the task of equalling its naval establishment al most hopeless. But a great chance came in 1906, as pointed out by Count von Reventlow. It was then that the dreadnought was evolved. Germany was quick to seize the op portunity. "The development of the dread night relegating to the rear the best battleships which preceded it, gave Germany a chance to start a race (Continued on last page.) Drowned Her Four Children. Mrs. Lee Tatum of Deatsville, Va., Thursday threw her four children into a fifty-foot well and then com mitted suicide I I Storms on Wire. Serious wire trouble in the easi delayed the usual transmission of wai news Wednesday. Embargo on British Coal. - An embargo has b'een placed on all shipments of British coal except suci: iATHER$ FIeURES UNITED STATES REFUSES TE BRITISH ASUMPTION, STATISTICS SHO WION5 Government Experts Intend to Con tend That Goods Going to Neutral Countries May Not be for Ger many-Figures of Scnanavisa Trade Being Secured for Use. The state department has assem-. bled elaborate statistics to refute th* British assumption that increased ex portations from the .United States to neutral European countries indicate that some of these 'goods fiad their way into Germany and Austria. The figures will be included in a prelimi nary draft being prepared for Prest dent Wilson of the reply to the three British notes. The state department has made a study of trade conditions between the United States and neutral European countries and the department of com merce has investigated Scandinavian and. Dutch trade. A report on the foreign trade of. Great Britain for the six months end ed June 30, also .has been received from Consul General Skinner at Lon don. It shows that exports to the. Scandinavian countries ard Holland' have increased since the war begna along the same lines as American ex ports to those- countries. The report also shows that while Great Britain's exports decreased in the first six-months of 1915 as eom pared to the same period, of 1914,, imports increased. Re-exports, dur ing June, the first month during which the British order in council was fully effective, showed an In crease of $2,904,838. In cotton, one of the much disput ed articles in the trade, Great Brit ain's imports inc'reased by 1,314,592 dentals of 1.2 pounds each. Of the. re-exports of cotton Consul General - Skinner said: "Holland and Sweden each toodh- - about five times as mich cotton~il June, 1915, as in June, 1914, and. during the past half year Sweden re ceived 142,543 centals and- Holland 259,628 centals of cotton as against 18,642 centals and 17,785 centalas spectively in the same p6riod of 1914. j Large increases In all lines of cot ton goods and cotton- yarms .om V Great Britain to Sweden, Norway, Denmjark and the Netherlands dur ing the first six-months of 1915 are shown. Despite a general decrease in exports of manufactured coppier, Great Britain sent Norway 317 tons in 1915 as against 48 tons In 1914. Increased AmericAn copper .eports to Scandinavian countries have been Cit ed by Great Britain to sustain her contention. - - Encouraged by the announcement from London that -a part of the cigo , of the steamer Neches had been ;e leased, officials determined to- pre.si - informal negotiations :to secure- an agreement that would release. all the vast quantities of American bound commodities on -aotterdam docks. The British note in - the Neches case set forth that if it is alleged that "in particular cases and special cir-; cumstances, hardships may be inflict ed on citizens of .neutral countries, his majesty's government are ready in such cases to eamin the facts in a spirit of consideration of neutrals" In line with this assurance, the foreign trade advisers of the state de partment are forwarding to London affidavits covering hundreds of indi vidual cas'es in which they allege that hardships are being inflicted. The state department is hopeful of re sults in many ofthese cases. POWER HOUSE ENGUILFED Cement Plant Covering Three Acres Falls Into -Hole Forty Feet Deep. Carrying with it almost three acres of hard clay, the immense power plant of the Knickerbocker Cement company, near Hudson, N. Y., was almost swallowed in what is suppos ed to be a bed of quicksand early -Tuesday morn~ing, sending five men to death and injuring several others. Just before six o'clock, at which lou,r the laboring shift Is changed, the workmen felt a rumbling under their feet, followed by a croud of dust. Almost instantly the Immense plant disappeared from sight, carry ing with it 40,000 tons of trap-rock stored for winter use, wne weight of which undoubtedly served to - cause the disaster. The plant, built four years ago at a cost of $250,000, was situated on an almost level piece of land a mile from Hudson; It employed nearly 600 men. Many o.f the workmen hai complained that the plant was set tling, but their fears were laughed at. Tuesday night the plant, one of the largest of the kind in New York state, built of brick, steel and rein forced concrete, lay in a hole forty feet deep, the huge power house crumbled to dust and the heavy steel twisted into g'rotesque shapes. The buildiZ.-s which vanished con sisted of a large power house, an 80 foot concrete smokestack, an eleva f or conveyor with another smoke stack, a concrete storehouse, and a large frame barn which held three horses and an automobile, all of which were buried. Big Rain in New-Yor. New York streets were turned Into yellow rivers' Wednesday morning by a deluge of three inches of rain In four hours. Wires and traffic lines were badly damaged. - Ambassador's Daughter Weds. Miss Katharine Alice Page, daugr ter of the American ambassador to London, was married Wednesday In London to Charles Greely Loring, of Boston. WThites Can Not Teach Negroes. The Alabama. senat.e has passed a bill prohibiting members of either race from teaching; in schools of the other. iPrivate a:ad denominational schools are excepted.. Germany Expresses Regret. The German government has of.- -- fered to pay damages for the sinking -of the Norwegian steamer Minerva, which was snk in Ma.