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VO.XV -1A NNrING., S. C., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 23.1 1899!O 7 W H E A T IRO ERS. Will Meet Again Next Year at the Same P!ace. SENATOR TILLMAN SPEAKS. A Permanent Organization Effect ed. The Attendance Not Very Large. But There Was Much Interest. The Wheat Growers Convention met in Greenwood nn Tuesday of last week and was called to order by M1r. S. H1. McGee, editor of the index. Con gressman A. C. Latimer was made per manent chairman and the convention declared ready for business. All pres ent were considered members of the conventior,. The feature of the con vention was an address by Mr. C. H. Jourdain of Georgia. whihh is published elsewhere. It was resolved to make the organization a permanent one. It was resolved that tlie organization be named "The Wheat Growers' Asso ciation of South Carolina:" that the next meeting be held at Greenwood on August 15th, 1900 at 2:30 o'clock p. m. That the officers of the association be a president, vice president, a secre tary and an executive committee, con sisting of the president of the associa tion and one member from each con gressiodal district, whose duty it shall be to e the places and times of meetings. That the discussions of the associa tion be strictly confined to wheat grow ing and diversified farming. That all persons interested in the success of the agricultural interests of the State be required to attend the meetings of the association and that each county be hereby requested to ap point double as many delegates as they are entitled to representation in both houses of the general assembly. That a meeting at each county seat in the State is hereby called for the first Mondav in August. 1900, for the pur pose of electing delegates to the next annual m-eting of the association and that the nmbers of this committee are authorized t( arrange for same. That Messrs. A. C. Latimer and S. H. McGee be appointed to arrange for the next meeting of the association as re lites to discussion, etc. That the thanks of the association be extended to the press of the State for bringing -.he association to a successful organization. The speaking Wednesday moining was held in the grove surrounding the court house. Senator Waller presided, and the first speaker was Congressman Latimer, who devoted the opening of his speech to a discussion of the neces sity for the diversification of crops. He told of Secretary Wilson's interest in the growing of grasses and the prac ticability of this industry in connection with cattle growing in this State. Sec retary Wilson had told the South Caro lina farmers that he would upon appli cation send seed for grasses to be used in reclaiming worn out lands. Mr. Latimer then took up rural mail delivery and the attendant be iefits to the farmers. Ten deliveries had bee.n established in this district. He ex plained fully the working and plan of ,the rural delivery system. Branching off to subjects political, Mr. Latimer discussed the monopoly question, paying particular attention to the proposed subsidy of ships which he opposed vehemently. His conclusion of the monopoly issue was that the far -mers must also combine. The Philippine war was denounced as contrary to the principles of our gov errment. Mr. Latimer raked the ad ministration's ;'olicy most vigorously. ' and his line of thought was sell re ceived by the crowd, who interjected occasional applause. Senator Tillnman was introduced as the "head-centre" of the farmers' movement. The senior senator was brought forward "unmuzzled to graze upon whatever topic he may choose." Senator Tillman started with a pleas ant reference to Greenwood county, . whose mother was Abbeville and father Edgefid. "No county," said he. "has a better pedigree." He told of the fight for Greenwood county and re ferred pleasantly to the town of G reen wood and its growth. .He paid a compliment to Greenwood's citizenship. but he took up the white capping which makes people afraid to sleep at night within five miles of the court house. This he denounced bit terly. lHe told of the Phoenix riot and said he didn't blame the white people then. "If [ had been here I would have' gone with you. I have never yet failed to uphold the banner of white supremacy against the devil, the rorld and the Radicals." The Tolberts he .3enounced. but the election riots are over and inoffensive *negroes should be. let alone and be given protection. If you want to uproot the snake and kill it, go and kill the Tol berts (cheers). But don't bother poor - negroes who have nothing to do with the Tolberts. Don't abuse the poor black devils. The race problem is coming to the front in the United States. This Jewett woman has come to Charleston and taken the Baker family to Boston, the centre of devil try. By allowing the thoughtless, law less men to whip the negroes. you give ammunition to your enemies in the North. This anarchy will spread to ~Fdgefield and Ab':eville. Youi are masters, and while we must make the negroes' let our politics and women alone, but they must not be beaten and abused. If this thing continues, you will be deprived of labor by an exodus of ne groes and moreover capital will be driven off. You must nmake the ne gro respect you and keep his place, but you cannot afford to whip and kill ne groes in this cowardly way. At present the Yankees arc disposed to let us aione except to cut down our representation because we've disfranchised the ne groes, but such adairs will give tihem a chance to interpose federal authority. I beg you, I plead with you to rise as one man and put down this eniment. .(Loud cheers.) Some one may say. "You'll lose votes.' I don't care if I do. I don't want your v tes if you are such cowards as to uphold this lawless ness. Seaor Tmlma then took up the .jeNiS t b LIiVeU if the farmers will take the propcr inerest in thcn. In the North the institutes have prOVed very uccful L::- thc cooperation of the fariers and the farimer' wives. The senator said what the farmer needs is to raie his living at home. Yesterday he had listenei to the wheat zrowers, but fool as he was he had a better remedy azainst weavils than any of them. It is to grind as soon as you gather it. le rave the farmers some advi as to cultivating their erops and told of the great things tobacco had done for Darlin-ton and the other east ern counties. His own experience in tobaleo raising and its failure was humorously told. He thought there was '.nU around Greeriwood that would zroxv tobacco ani nrzeed the farmers to try it. His experimice. "that of a fail ure and fool" was that there is nothing for our farmers in experi:nents with Asia grasses, because Asia is an arid clim-ite. As Senator Tillan was about to sit down. a bystander a-ked him about his umte reference to the prohibitioni-t5 and the dpensar;. In replv the senator said h went to Sumter at the invitatioi of all factions and in his morning speech mentioned yonl national islies. After dinner Mr. F. 1). Smith made a speech in which he endeavored "to rub the tjut ter off my back." My friend N. G. says in pursuing a pol'.o If 4 ceiliation my course is to zivt t:.em sat talk and sugar. We . FIve rve-n them enough vitriol in the I:-t azd ought to be allowcd to say something nice now. Smith attacked Clemson, Winthrop. etc., and said that Tillman when gov ernor lai-: great burdens on our reople and I want him to come back here and remove thosa burdens. It was the first time I've been asked in the open to ac knowledge that I'm a damn rascal and damn fool both. Smith rubbed off all the butter and I in reply disc'lssed the questions he raised. I did not say the prohibitionists are cowards and hypocrites. I did say that prohibition would make cowards and hypocrites of our people. Some of the prohibitionists are cowards and hypo crites. Featherstone rushed into print and abused me, saying I was born with abuse and couldn't do without it. Tll leave him and Gonzales to settle it. I have no policy of eithcr sort. The man who comes at me like a gentleman II meet him that way but if he comes at me with abuse I've got as good a vocabulary of hard words as any one. le said prohibition would make men get physicians' certificates, etc. Prohibition don't prohibit. You've got prohibition in Greenwood and I can buy liquor here today and you've got the constables to help en toree it. le said there was no use to talk aboat the dispensary as it was here to stick. lie was told there was not a tiger in Sumter, where the constables were once rotten-egged. What he said at Suntcr was that he did not believe prohibition could be enforced and that he took the Athens plan and put it in the prohibition law. It has proven to be a better law than prohibition. He claimed no credit, except to enforce the law on the statute books. The dispen sary law is better than prohibition, so far as results go. Tne only fight in State politics in his opinion would be ont the lieaor 'jies tion. lie would fight for the dispe sary and go down with it if it must go down. Talking about MIr. Latimter's speech he said the factory operatives were as good people as any and although the factory officers tried to vote the operatives against himt but they could not do so. 3Mr. Latimer said all he ar gued was that the operatives might be misled because of the lack of organizi tion. Tillman said this was so as the operatives mightbe misled to support the Hanna-Payne measure and the like on the representation that it would do them good. Thiesenator defended the dispensary and said he would fight for it and go down with it. Taking up the Philippine question. he scored 31cKinley and "benevolent assimulation. lie had not asked the president to give him any appointments in the army for he felt it was a villain. ous war and no decent man ought to engage in it. Senator Tillman said he thranked the gentleman who asked him about the Sumter speech. lie didn't mean to in ject anything unpleasant but he wish ed to deny a misstatement. .ily two rood friends, J. C. H~etmphill and N. G. (onzules, have recently in their editorial elumns entered into a com pact to ignore me. The State and INews and Courier have been my best friends. They have told'what I said and the people took it for what it was worthand it did me good. They gave Featherstone a column and didn't give me space to tell what I really did say. Thc News and Courier did rive me a line or so, but The State didn't. Senator Tillman's speech closed tile morning exercises and in the afternoon the farmers' institute was held. A re'.e's Horrible Deeds. Parties from Leon cotunty, Fin., tell of the horrible decds of Carrie Simpson, on the plantation of Lucius B. Rlainey. Carrie was nursing a baby boy for her aunt. Recently she sawed off his ears with a dull knife and otherwise muti lated] portions of the body. When questioned about the matter she said that dogs had fcound the child asleep and chewed otf its ears and one dog was killed for mutlation of the <-hild. )nly a few days einee she deliberately cov ered the child with ashes, left in the fire place, which were mixed with live coais, and took a seat on the doorstep, wete shle could hear the screams of the roastinT child. and when they ceased she ran'sercaming to a nearby field and told t other ta the neighbor's boy had burned thec child to 2 ath. No legal stcps have been taken to have the nurse punrished. Foolish Negroes. The: National Afro- \mericen cunci of the Uinited tatn mlt at Bethecl chu'rchi (hieag~o Wednesde5ay ina conven nion. (n ofc th most important mtu t ters to be prese'ted will be a prI",i tin for a new feeal s'tatute to 1tuake the participation itt any~ n'b for the p'ur lose of l.neing~ a capiltal otfense ande to cive the 1'nited States authorities the~ right to interfere in any State o territory where a mob assembles for the purpos of lynch ng ay person. G00) AICE A Speech that Every Farmer Should Read and Study. 'THE ROAD TO PROSPERITY. Mr. C. H. Jordan, a Distinguished Georgia Farmer, Deliversan Instructive and Interest ing Address. The following is the speech of Mr. C.. .lordan. of Georgia, before the Wheat Growers' Convention: Mr. President. Ladies and Gentle Men: There is no occasion dhich is to me more enjoyable and no compliment which I csteem more highlv than the privilege of being with and talking to the far-: ers of my country. In the discus sion of those problems. the solution of which is essential to pro:sperity in our future farm work, a subject is present ed in which we are now most vitally in terested. Conditions which did not suggest themselves a decade ago are be coming serious and formidable at the present time. While personally a stranger to the ino of you I feel that my own interests are identical with yours and that we are all engaged in a .common cause. In advocating a revolution in our farming methods I shall not suggest the adoption of anything which has not heretofore been successfully undertak en, and will give no advice which is not capable of practical apolication. It is quite apparent to any casual observer that our system of doing business is de cidedly contrary to that which existed during the days -f our greatest prosper ity and consequent independence. There was a time, not so far back in the past when the farmers of the South supplied the population of the towns and cities with the necessaries of life from the varied products of their farms. At the present time a large majority of our farming classes are helplessly de pendent upon the merchants for supplies not only for themselves, but for their stock as well. The heavy staple sup plies which the merchants handle are grown in the far West and the proceeds of the cotton crop of the South, which should represent the surplus money crop of the farm. is paid out to the farmers of the West. We are enrich ing not only these producers, but the railroads, wholesale and retail dealers throngh whose hands these goods must pass before reaching us, and who charge a full commission all along the line. The crop out of which we are expected to pay for these supplies is sold at a fig ure below the cost of production. and there can be but one result to us from the continuance of such a system of do ing business. .\ GREAT AGRICILTUiRAL STATE. Tie great State of South Carolina possesses as great a degree of diversified resources as any State in the Union. There is not a farm in your State which cannot by a proper method of diversi fied planting. under an intensive system of culture, he made self-supporting. The farmers of your State must realize that every pound of supplies which they purchase in the open markets is produced by other farmers in distant :etions of the country who labor under greater difficulties than those with which we have to contend. When Southern farms were self-sus taining open acecounts were the only evidences of indebtedness, and a farm er's word was as good as gold, Sharp, shrewd business men of the world saw that there were fortunes to be made out of the cotton crop if the farmer could be induced to produce it in large qjuan tities. The Western people saw an opportu nity for building granaries and packing houses to supply the South with food if we could be induced to turn >ur at tention entirely to growing cotton. The big railroad magnates saw a grand op portunity to increase dividends, multi ply their rolling stock and otherwise fatten on the freights to be obtained by transporting heavy and costly supplies from the West for the Southern cotton grower during the spring and summer. In the fall millions of cotton bales would be turned over to them for car riage to the seaports or Northern mar kets. and a second whack had at the great Southern industry. The stock raisers of Kentucky and Tennessee were pleased at the bright prospect of supplying for the future that beatiful Southland, where all that was needed to make a man rich was a piece of' land planted in cotton, with a Negro and a Kentucky mule to plough Guano manufacturers saw at once that plant foods in enormous quantities would have to be supplied to keep up the fertility of the cleanly cultivated fields, and that the investment wvould be a good one. Cotton expositions were held all over the country and the white staple crowned king. It has taken twenty years to whip the fight, but the intense greed of the world has done the work, and to-day the old king lies half dead in the ditch, while broken and disappointed mourn ers gaze upon the long trail of a disap pointed past. While the farmer has lost in the struggle the country at large has developed and in creased its wealth steadily each year. 1 have no criticism to make of the farmer for so largely producing cotton, even with the costly use of comimercial f ertilizers, when the businesas was a lu erative one. But we face conditions today which are serious and which make impossible the future wholesale production of cotton as a means of de veloping future prosperity in the rich, alluvial lands of the Southwecst, in which are embraced the valleys of the Mlississippi. the extensive plains of Texas and Southern Oklahomna, cotton is being grown on an average of one bale per acre, withoot the use of ferti lizers. The farmers of your own State af ter using annually hundreds of theu sands of tons of fertilizers can barely average half -.bale per acre. Withi theso heavy odds against us and com oettin annually increasing in the Suthwest. we will be forced to change ur present systemn of farming. The solution of theo problem by which we: are to-day coufronted must be largely| determined by the efforts of each indi-i vidual who is directly engaged in the producion of ctton -and who, by rea-| son of a full appreciation of his uceds and condition, real izes that he is an important factor in breaking the bondage under which he rests. that the freedom and indepen dence of his business may be once more established, placing him on that high plane of prosperity which was made so conspicuous in the early days of our fathers. Fill your granaries and smoke houses with the products of your farms, stock your pastures with cattle, sheep and hogs. Diversify your interest and pre pare to go into the markets of your country with a dozen staple products where you now only attempt one. Cut down your cotton acreage and diversify the crops planted. We can gradually get into the supply business, and raise enouzh cotton besides to meet the de mands of the world, and the price- for which it is sold will be a profit in our business. Every farmer who has here tofore operated his affairs entirely on the credit system must make a strenu ous effort to use more cash in his busi ness for what he is forced to buy and raise everythiug at home which his lind will produce. L.\RGER ACRE.\0E IN WIfEAT T'IIS FAIL. I am satisfied that a laTr-r acreage in wheat will be planted in the South dur ing the coming fall than for manyyearb past. We need shrewd business men on the farm as well as in other depart ments of life. Broad, liberal thoughts find birth in - higher education. The farmers will only combine their com mon interests when confidence in the business ability of each has been gain ed. Unity among the farmers is oneof the greatest needs of the present day. A careful, thoughtful study of the re sources of the country will open up a system of diversified farming, which will bring profit and pleasure to the ag riculturist. Every farmer should have a thorough knowledge of commercial paper and understand some system of keeping books. At the beginning of each year a detailed account of what he owns should be taken down, represent ing his capital invested. An itemized account of every dollar expended. whether cash or credit, should be care fully entered. The cost of labor em ployed and the materials used in the production of the various craps should be specially ace-ounted. At the end of the year his books will show the profits or loss of the business. Wherever er rors existed in the management, the de fects could be readily found and reme dies applied. The boys growing up on the farms will catch the inspiration of systematic mnthods and business train ing, which they will be able to utilize with profit to their own advantage in future years. FARMERs' INSTITUTES. I appreciate the fact that the day of schooling, as we ordinarily use the term, for the adult farmer has passed; that the only hope for the present and fu ture cultivation of his mental faculties and the betterment of his m&terial prosperity must lie in the local organi zation of farmers' institutes. The farm ers' institute is without cost to its membership. I want to give my aid and encouragement to their establish ment in every county in the South as rapidly as possible. If you have no in stitute in your State organize and begin the battle for greater success and pros perity in your farming methods. In these institutes the interchange of ideas experience meetings, discussing and adopting the most successful plans per taining to our business would meet and overcome many serious obstacles, which retard as stumbling blocks, our* future pathway. What the farmer needs most of all at this time is encouragement and aid in the solution of such prob lems as will help him in his life work and the building of a future filled with contentment, happiness and prosperity. Organize and attend your institutes, with a full appreciation of your needs and surroundings. Ihere are no people who have better opportunities for self-education than the farmer, and he should be quick to take a-lvantage of the circumstances which place this highly desirable feat ure of his avocation within his reach. That farmer whose business is operated on a self-sustaining basis, who exercises intelligence, forethought and correct methods in the conduct of his affairs, fears no panic. The tightening of the money market, the crash of falling bus iness houses in the great cities, reach his ears only through the medium of the heavy headlines of his newspaper. Hie is happy, peaceful and contented, and only responsible to his Maker. Ni i lERN Li AN Ci MPANIEs. But what of the farmer whose home is mortgaged in the Northern loan com panies whose stock and crop furnish collateral for the purchase of supplies? When the stringency comes the crop fails to settle the obligations; the loans fall due, an extension is asked r;nd re fused. The iron grip of the law is evoked: the property is advertised for sale and knocked down to the highest bidder. The wife is torn from a home which she has long learned to love; the little children are forced from the cher ished playground and another heartbro ken farmer is added to the long and rapidly swelling lists of tenants, while one more Sourthern home passes into Northern control. This plicture is not drawn from fancy; its realism is too often heralded as one of the misfortunes of our present farming system. The solution of the race problem is a matter in whien the farmers of our country are more largely interested than anyone else. The field of most serious troubles is in the rural dis tricis. wilEAT oN EVERY FARM. We have assembled here for a high and noble purpose, one worthy and fit ting the honorable avecation in which we arc engaged. We are here to dis cuss plans for the material betterment of the farmers' condition in South Car olina and to express our determination before the world that the future plant iner and growing of wheat will be con spicuous on every farm in the State The reform movement is taking posses sion of your people in earnest, and a revolution in our farming methods is sending the pleasing sunlight of its ad vance into the mind and heart of every farmeCr. For years there has been great rivalry anong the transportation lines fromthe West, soliciting heavy freight for ship mient into our Southern country. Wheat, or its manufactured products, flu ad brand have largely figured in the heavy tonage of freights daily de livered to your wholesale merchants in the last twenty or thirty years. The daily consumption of foreign flour on the tables of our farmers has been something enormous, while our cities never enjoy bread prepared from home raised wheat. VNIVERSAL RAISIN; OF WHEAT. The universal raising of wheat in your State will be no experiment and no new undertaking. It will simply be gettiug back 'nto the footsteps of our fathers, and forging a strong link in the desirable self-sustaining feature of our farm work. There are thousands of people in your State today who well remember when patent flour sacked at Western mills, had no sale in your merchants' stores. South Carolina wheat has helped to furnish the muscle and brain of many of the most eminent characters who have conspicuous places in the history of our country. A STRIKING CONTRAST. In contrasting the agricultural condi tions of the South as they existed thir ty-tive years ago with those of the pres ent it can be more forcibly presented through a short illustration from a part of our history with which we are all fa miliar, and of which many of you who are present here today have a feeling recollection. During the four years' continuation of the civil war the entire population of the South was blockaded on all sides. The continued call for troops to the front drained the country of its best manhood, leaving -igricul ture largely in new hands and under the restraint of perilous, wrought up times. The entirz Confederacy sub sisted upon home-raised supplies, and the invading army of the North loaded its commissary departments, from the products of Southern farms. Dying the entire period of four years 'thiere was no suffering in ady quartefr'of' the South by man or beast for want of good, wholesome food, particularly flour. Our troops suffered for want of money and transportation facilities, but not because there was not an abundance of provisions of all kinds in every section of the South. Gen. Sherman com menced his memorable march through Georgia toward the close of '61, with nearly one hundred and thirty-five thousand men and thousands of civalry and wagon horses. As he advanced on his line of march to the seaboard, and onward through yaur own State, his foraging parties daily replenished this vast army's commissary department with the finest bills of fare ever issued to any soldiery in modern times. ANASTOUNDING ASSERTION. The full granaries, smoke houses and extensive well stocked pastures of South Carolina's farms supplied Gen. Sher man with an abundance of provisions, without any great detriment to our people left ia the wake of his march. PRESENT STATE OF AFFAIRS. It cannot be doubted that there is vastly more acreage in cuitivation in your State today than at that time. Should such an army with its necessary stock, equipments, start out through your State at this time without a well filled commissary, depending upon the resources of the country to sustain its march to the seaboard, how far would it proceed without halting or looking to other sources for supplies? Suppose for one short year the population of South Carolina was blockaded and Western transportation facilities cut short off what would be the conse quence under our present system of farming? Famine would run riot in your towns and cities, and thousands of the agricultural classes would suffer for bread and meat, because our farm ers generally do not produce enough provisions to take their families through one year. Of what a magnitieut past we can boast and how glaringly it con trasts with the present. In all departments of commercial and industrial life, except agriculture, the inventive genius of man is being utilize with every possible degree of profit to the various avocations in which the people of this country are engaged. The convenience of all kinds that the world is daily manufacturing and placing be fore the farmer are tending to render him more helpless and dependent in a business which .should be pre-eminent ly the most independent on earth. Thirty years ago when the old horse power threshing and hand power fan ning machines were in use, more wheat was annually raised in some militia districts of the various counties of your State than is now threshed with all the modern improvements at our command, from the combined wheat acreage of t wo or three counties. The young farmers of your State must look back into the early history of their fathers and shape their future course in agriculture by the self-sus taining method in use on every faim at that time, utilizing all the latest and most approved farming implements that will reduce the cost of labor, increase the pleasarre of the business and hasten that day of prosperity so much to be iesired. The older farmer should re iurrect the principles of farming in vogue.during their earlier days and make >f their farms commendable object les ions of what they know to be possi ble of the great resources of their state. PLANTI NG TIlE WIhEAT CRO P. Plant your wheat not later than the last week in October, preparing your and by deep ploughing, harrowing and rolling. No matter how extensive or how restricted your acreage in wheat nay be the coming fall do not neglect to treat the seed as a. safeguard against Imut. I have read hundreds of letters ~his spring from farmers stating that ~hey could not raisc, wheat bec::use of h'e ravages of smut. The llomans werec tfiiicted with the same trouble over two :housand years ago. Scientifie investi rations within re--ent years have dis overed the life history of the smut ;erm, and by continued experiments. aave found remedies which, if properly Lpplied, will in every instance free the ;rain of future disaster from that source. Smut is nothing more than a .arasitic plant adhering to the grain, ;erminating with the grain and growing long with the stalk. Its presence is )nly discovered by microscopic exami iation. As the infected head of wheat levelops the nutriment intended for he grain is absorbed by the smut germ Lnd a mass of loose brown spores is ormed. These spores, blown about the leld ,by winds, adhere to thousands of good grains and the foundation is laid for increasing disaster the following year. Smut does not therefore develop after the crop is planted and growing, must be in life and attached to the, seed wheat before it is put in the ground. Ordinarily a solution of blue stone, at the rate of one pound to enough water for immersing five bush els of wheat and allowing to stand for twelve or fourteen hours, will eradicate the trouble. Do not allow .mut to en ter into your argument against wheat raising. A more universal growing of wheat will develop flour miLs conveni ent to every section of the country. Produce the raw material and machin ery will be at once erected for the pre paration of grain into needed uses. INCREASING INTEREST IN AGRICUL TURE. The widespread interest which the people of our cities are taking in the betterment of our agricultural condi tions is indeed gratifying. There has never been a time in the history of our country when so universal an interest in agriculture was manifested by people in all avocations of life as at present. The world is awakening to the necessi ty of the farmer and the importance of aiding him to so shape his course in fu ture that his business may be one of deserving prosperity and high useful ness. Upon the success of the farmer must unquestionably depend the eon tinued prosperity of all avocations existing in a truly agricultural coun try. All of these highly desirable ends and more may be aceomplished through the adoption of such farming methods as will enable us to bec3me more prosper ous as the years roll by. Make your farms selfsustaining. When you have provided an acreage of diversified crops sufficient to meet the demands of home supply it would then be proper to con sider the extent of the money crop. Rotate your crops, plough deep, harrow and roll your lands. Increase the f-r tility of the soil, supply needed humus and improve its mechanical condition by growing leguminous plants every where they can be sown or cultivated. Institute a systematic method of in creasing the compost heap and cut down the heavy bills for fertilizers. The lugume and compost heap should be the farmer's bank; with their assistance he can at once travel the inviting road to independence and wealth. Without them he must continue to look for help only from costly and oppressive sources. Let the farmer work -out his indepen dence without fear or trembling, gradu ally abolishing the credit system from the future conduct of his business. BEATEN BY NEGROES. Five White Ladies Assaulted in the Streets of Little Rtock. Five brutal assaults by a Negro man on white women have occurred in Lit tle Rock in 24 hours. It is generally believed that all the crimes were com mitted by the same negro, but three suspects have been arrested, and if the right man can be positively iden tified he may receive summary punish ment. The victims of the assaults are all highly respected white women of Little Rock. All the assaults occurred in the au burbs. The first was that of M1rs. Aiken, which oecurred Tuesday after noon. As Mrs. Aiken was passing by T wenty-first and High streets the Ne gro seized her and dragged her to the woods. She resizted and cried for help. A passerby frightened the Negro away after he had severely beaten his victim. Officers at once began a search for the assailant, but failed to fnd him. At 9 o'clock Wednesdaay morning, a few blocks from the scene of the first rime, M1rs. Young was assaulted in al most the same manner. The Negro knocked her down with such force that a rib was b:oken, causing internal in juries of a serious nature. He choked and beat her about the head and on the side, inflicting very serious in juries. The Negro finally seized her purse and dis appeared in the woods. Mrs. Young, who is a frail woman, is in a precarious condition from her wounds and the shock. 11cr clothing was torn almost entirely off in the struggle. An hour later M1rs. Kennedy was attacked at her home near West End park. She was knocked down, beaten and choked. Her child ran for assis tance, and the Negro fled. M1rs. Ken edy's injuries are very painful. About 11 o'clock Emma Longcoy, the 18 year old daughter of a grocer, was attacked beaten by a Negro half a ozen block fromn West End park. She scaped from her assailant. City and ounty officers, together with a large umber of citizens were by this time souring the vicinity for the Negro. I'he greatest excitement prevails, and he anger of the citizens in the neigh orhood was thoroughly aroused. The fifth assault occurred early Wednesday morning on a well known oung woman, at Twentieth and Cross streets. She was likewise knocked own and badly beaten. Her face was wllen and discolored from the effect f the blows. These outrages were brought to the ttention of Goc. Jones, who offered a eward of 8100J each for the arrest and :onviction of the guilty parties. Judg ng from the teinper of public senti ent, the officers will find it ditficult to rotect their prisoner should the right nan be captured. Homicide in Florence. Wednesday at Lyra. Florence Coun y, 3. C. Collins shot and killed G. W. oung. Both of the parties were young ~vhite men, and were said to be popular. ounc leaves a wife and two little chil ien.~ Collins also is married. The en had some trouble Saturday night but a tobacco barn which they owned ointly. When they met MIonday m rn. ng, Collins brought up the trouble by2 sing Y -ing a questi n. Young is( aid to have been advancing on Collins rith a drawn knife when shot. Queer Georgia Story. Henry WV. Hliers, a farmer who lives tar Guest, Colguitt county, Ga.. ent to Atlanta Wennesday to consult r. Harris. lHe was in great agony ith what he thought was a bug in hist ~ar. Investigation by the doctor de-t eloped the cause of the trouble to be s ead which had been melted and pour- c d int Mr. Hie'sea while asleep. t MORE SOLDIERS WANTED' A Call Made for Ten Additional Infan try Regiments. An order has been issued directing that ten additional regiments of infan try volunteers be organized for service in the Phillippines. The regiments will be numbered from 38 to 47 and will be organized at the following places in order named: Foi t Snelling, Minn. Fort Crook, Neb. Fort Riley, Kas. Camp Meade, Pa. Fort Niagra, N. Y. Fort Leavenworth, Kas. Jefferson Barracks. Mo. South Farmingham, Mass. Camp Meade, Pa. It appears that the ten ne,v regiments are to be mainly recruited in New Eng land and the middle and central westen States. Kansas and Pennsylvania have apparently been selected as the best field for recruits. It is said that no special effort is to be made to secure recruits in the southern States. This is due. it is said, to the experi ence of the officers who operated in this quarter for recruits for the ten vol unteer rziiments just now being organ ized. The only places where difficulty was experienced in securing men was in Georgia and Alabama, the Carolinas and the Gulf States and the two noi nh western Pacific States. The new regiments will add 13,000 in ,n to the enlisted strength of the army and increases the to:al strength of the army to 95,045 men. The total number of volunteers called into service is 30, 177 men, being only 4,803 men short of the total authorized volunteer estab lishment of 35,000. It is stated at the department that the number of volun teers already called into service is re garded as amply sufficient to meet all possible needs of the army, and that there is possibility that the remaining 4,893 volunteers will be called for. TWO THOUSAND DEAD. Each Report from Porto Rico Adds to Magnitude of Disaster. The appalling conditions existing in Puerto Rico were made more fully known to the war department Wednes day by Gen. Davis in a dispatch which says the deaths outright in the island will reach 2,000 while many are dying daily from injuries and privations, Gen, Davis adds: Dry split peas very acceptable. Can ned peas involve too much transporta tion in propirtion to nutriment, but can be used near seacoast, although there is -nuch destitution in the interior and deaths are occurring from lack of food. Will not be possible to reach those points with packs before next week, for in many cases the roads are so destroyed that only men on foot can get to and from these districts. The stores coming on the McPherson will be in time for I am supplying most pressing needs at all accessible points with stores now on hand. So great is destruction of reads that there is no communication yet with one-third of the island. The commanding officer at each of the twelve posts is inspector of relief for his district and he has detain ed in every municipality agents collect ing data and relieving most pressing needs. I have furished each inspector with similar funds and give!: authority to issue food from army supplies. One soldier died of injuries; other injured will recover. A great many wagons verturned and broken but all being re paired. Many thousands of private at tle and horses were drowned. Larger part of deaths of natives from drown By direction of the navy department the auxiliary cruiser Panther now at the League island navy yard has been tem porarily transferred to the war depart ment for use in the t:'ansportation to Puerto Rico of relief supplies collected n the cities of Baltimore and Philadel phia. The vessel will be located at Philadelphia and will proceed direct to San Juan. McSweeney Stood Firm. Some months ago one Pons of G eor gia married a young lacy of Allendale n this State. It was afterwards dis overed that he had a wife and several hildren living :n Savannah, Georgia. ie was prosecuted for bigamy, found uilty and sentenced to pay a fine of 500 and be imprisoned in the jail at Bamberg for six months. The fine has een paid and (ov. 31eSweeney has Kcn petitioned to commute the sen ence' by relieving him from imprison nent. The judge who tried the case ad the solicitor who prosecuted joined n the petition for eimmutation but ov. 31eSweeney stod firm and refus d to interfere, lie was exactly right. When his time is out the friends of the llendale young woman should take harge of Pons. His Georgia wife is uing for a divorce. Insurgents Crushed. , ] United States Mlinister Russell at ] Lracas reports to the state departmenti hat the insurgent factions in the State f Los Andes, Venezuela, under Gen. 1 itriano Castro was completely defeat-i d by the government troops in a bloody attle which lasted 1S hours. The loss< f the insurgents is placed at S00 kill d and wounded and that of the gov ~rnmnt30i0. This is the end of the isturbance in that section, which is he only one affected. Five Lives Lost. The three-masted schooner Aaron I eppard. Capt. Wessell. lumnber laden a om Savannah to Philadelphia was to- c ally wrecked off Guli Shoals, on the I orth Carolina coast Thursday. The b hooner had been in distress nearly I .11 day, and went to pieces toward 1' ight. A life saving crew from the ~ull Shoals life saving station was sent t to rescue the schooner's crew, but f the eichit men. only three were saved. e tis not known whether or not Capt. 0 Vessell is amuong the five lost. Neill's Cotton Yarns. d The purp)ose of Neill's big cotton esti- p ites is so plain that the trade ought t: o disceunt his figures. It is shame b allow exorbitant predictions that are I o manifestly exploited for the purpose C breaking down the price of cotton, fi MANY WHIPPED. Peaceable Negroes Terrorized b% Bands of Whitecaps FLEE TO SWAMP AND TOWNS The Governor Appealed to by Sheriff of Greenwood Who Can't Preserve Order in. the County. A special to Columbia State from Greenwood says: A portion of this county between Greenwood and Phoe nix has for more than a week past been terrorized by a gang of so-called whitecaps engaged in whipping Ne groes. The whitecaps began Monday night a week ago and entered the houses of several negroes who were ta ken out and whipped. Since then this performance has been several times re peated and the Negroes are badly frightened. The object of the white caps is to daive off Negro tenants in order to secure control at low prices of valuable farm lands in that seoncti much of which is rented to Negroes by the white landlords. There is no political foundatiou for the troubles and the offenders are said to belong to a low class of whites. The Negroes have taken to the woods and swamps at night to avoid the visitation of the gang and many of the colored people have come to Greenwood, some of them bringing all their posses sions and refusing to go back home. Inoffensive Negroes are said to have been whipped and they have told of their troubles to white friends here but are afraid to talk openly. So far as known none have left this county but few are anxious to remain in the com munity. The better class of people de plore the occurrences and until now the matter has been kept quiet, but to day the sheriff wired the governor for assistance, stating his inability to con trol the situation. It does not seem to be the object of the gang to seriously injure the Negroes. They simply want them to leave the community in order that the lands may be rented by white tenants. It is a fine farming section producing good crops but is thickly settled by Negroes although the colored population was somewhat thinned out immediately after the election riots last November. The Negroes are now very badly scared and the object of the whitecaps has been very nearly attained. This is the version of the story as gained from Greenwood men. A large land owner of that section. told me today that he had his Negroes sleep in his barn for protection and that the colored population is terroriz ed. Two hundred Negroes from that vicinity spent Saturday night in Green wood to avoid the visitation of the whitecaps. The same masterly inac tivity which characterized the sheriff's office in the November riots hangs over that office in this instance and nothing has yet been done. TILLMAN CONDEMNS IT. A special dispatch from Greenwood o The Greenville News sayR: In connection with the whitecapping ituation in this county, Solicitor Sease s in town, and has wired the attorney eneral to come up and investigate the natter: Senator Tillman is here. Alluding to he subject, he said that he did 'not ensure the people for the Phoenix iots, but that this was entirely past. I d'o not advise you to kill the Tol ers," he said; "but if you have to ex irpate anybody, don't punish these oor devils of Negroes. "The time will soon be when this ace question will shake this country rom centre to circumference. Anarchy, mece begun, is like fire in the woods. ou are dominant; your own civiliza ion, your self -respect demands some hing to put down this trouble. Keep tip this trouble, and you give powder to our enemies in the north, you injure our country, and if this trouble con inues, you will drive every laborer ou have out of this section. "I beg you, I entreat you, I plead with you, to rise as one man and put a top to this trouble." Some one would say he would lose rotes by it. He didn't care if he did. le didn't want the votes of men who ould do such a thing, and if he didn't peak out he would be unworthy to epresent anybody and the people ught to retire him. Fort Lower Shocked. Fort Lower was shocked Thursday by hat is said to have been the suicide of , 1rs. S. W. Reep, who, it seems shot erself while in bed at an early hour hursday morning with a parlor rifle. he ball entering at the left temple inging upwards doing its deadly work ti a few minutes. It is rumored that here may have been foul play, as no ne can account for such an act unless t was prompted by jealousy. Mrs. eep was a highly respected Christian dy about 25 years old and her death a shock to the community in which he lived. At this hour we are unable give the facts in the case as we have iot heard the veraict of the jury. The eeased leaves a husband and two hildren. Carriage Fell in River. A carriage containing six persons as precipitated into White river hursday night as it was being driven board a ferry boat at Washington, d., and all were drowned. The dead rc Mrs. Albert Hensell, four Hlensell iren and Miss Amy Dillon. The orse had just stepped aboard the ferry oat when the hawser parted and the oat swung out, dropping the carriage ih its occupants into thenrver. Wrecked in a Hurricane. The steamer Germ arrived at Pennsa la Thursday afternoon with the crew three Norweigian vessels who were eked in the Carrabelle hurricane. here were about 45 men. Those who > not ship on other vessels from this rt will be sent home by their respec e consuls. The Germ will later ing to Pensacola the crews of the alian barks wrecked in, the storm. ie Italian vessel had been loaded for re months, but her crew deserted and iohe one cold not be procured.