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V ANNING, S. C.. WEDNESDAY ANUARY 11 1899. NO. 25 SOME GOUD ADVICE. Ex-Gov. MacCcrkle on Our Agricultural Conditions. RAiLROADS AND FACTORIES. Liberal Laws Invite Capital and Capital is One of the Scuth's Greatest Needs at this Time. Hon. Wm. A. Mac ' orkle ex-'oer:, or of West Virginia, who mil a tional reputation for the great wor which he did in the development o1 West Virginia while ov-rnor. col tributes to the January nu..ber of th- t Southern Farm 31agazine of Baltimnor an unusuallv interesting and discussion of southern farm conultoan. and how the agricultural interests f the south can alone be made- proper ous.: Governor MacCorkle says: --Th Fir mer is not in a good way in the 4,-. The totals of his labor, tauen as a whole, are eno-rnous, but the farmer is not the gainer, and the south doc pot profit by her enormous yields as the should. She is another example of t.e proposition that a country cannot be come rich and strong through agricul ture alone. The loom, the reaper and the anvil must go together. severed. they but furnish the raw material fer other and more favorable communities. Transportation, the faztory and tit farm under wise and establishcd 'I.vS can make the south an industrial em pire and the southern farmer a mights power in the world's affairs. Discussing the sit-. tion, he "We cannot live under such couditioui. as have existed. The southern prodn cer must change the mere raising of t:e staples and seek other products for hi., farm. He cannot do this as things stand with him today, for with a haul and no close home market, he can not do otherwise than raise the staples of heavy' farming. IL needs no argu ment, but simply the re-expression of the statement that the glory of the southern farmer is to come through a change of methods looking to the diver sification of his product. How will we do this? There is one way, and that is, enlarge our horizon, hberalize our laws, turn our faces to the east, Nvel come eastern and northern capital, es tablish by the side of the waterfall and in the midst of our cotton fields, en throne on our iron mines and locate amidst our magnificent forests, the rail road and the factory." Disoussing the farm situation in New England and the lessons to be drawn from it by the sbuth. Governor Mae Corkle states that while in New Eing land this summer he made a careful in vestigation of the situation. By rea son of cheap western land, vast changes in the economies of travsportauoa. greater fertility of soil, there was pro duced in New England some years azo a tremendous farm depression. Great numbers of farmers, who' had not been able to understand the. uhange that was taking place, abandoned the east and went west. They did notgrasp the sit uation, and thought that if ther could not profitably raise the cereals in com petition with the west, thexe was no life for the New England farmer; but in the last 15' years a marvelous change has taken place in the agricultural dis tricts of New England. They have found out that they cannot compete with the west in the growing of the heavier grains, in the rai ing of beef. hogs and sheep, and wisely tigey have turned to new fields of agriculture. The teeming manufacturing tou ns de mand poultry. eggs, butter-. rt veg etables and the thousand smiall frunt that can be profitably grrown adjacent to a great piopulation. The re-u! is shown in a few illustrations. In 16M the beef product of Massachusetts was $8,8,564; in 1885 it was $718.932 -a loss of'over $7,000),000. But these ug~ ures, which seemed to indicate a grceat destruction of the agricultural interes f Massachusetts, were othset by the in .rease in milk, to which farm'ers turneti their attention when they found the change that was taking place;: and in 185 the value of the milk prouect was $10,312,762, while in 1865 it was only $1956,87-a gain of $8,356.575. mak ing upthelosson beef and havius $1.00 ~o 00. to spare. And last year, or in 18 , the milk product was worth S15,000, 000. In 1S97 the value of ti.e 'y t able product, due alnost aig tlher ~o the growth of mnanut acturnnz ctaes. vt' more than $16,000.000Q, v.hue rtrawher riesand~ cranberries baugh: over 8'2. - 000,000. Notwithstanding the naturally i'onr soil of the New Engtland States, the highest acreage value of farm produ -t of improved land is founsd i' sa phausetts. Rhode Island --md New -lersey, three States in whieh . u are neer o'ut of the sound oft :he whi--r of i 'e w h of the factory, while the low~. 'j farn products per acre o1 imrn v aan is in the purely agricultura etae Governor 31accorkle- theenc u - trates his point with one~ case. m -hie hundreds could be given, ied 'on establishment in his ow~n State ofa e tory employing 400 nmen. in tha eon munity the result was an aussute change in the whole agricultural situa tIf. The boys, instead of going' west, became operatives in the faictory, a town grew gy, every class of sma! 'arma ing gave the best results. at leas~t $l00 a year of farm pr-oducts was~ repurea to feed the operatives, or 240.0 aI a~ -~ tal. The variety of producs rasd in cluded eggs, beans. pea,. 'ruit. veet ,ble, melons, small fruits c and an other articles. One farirn e .0 clear profit last year i ocopmore than he m: - n if as' a wheat and corn' p-iu..' other turned his attento it0 j- : and corn to poultry and y.ou hI : .80 chickens a::d ::1,0 va:c a truck. He points out ta* t')e:r these great benefits the southn far er must unite with legislatixon to attr: the attention of capaan": an -. their cooperation in the ou Lm Ia tories, the development t nne and the constructionl of railrs~s And. in eloninug, (;uovrr .-eC rk le adds: "I spetuk w i l 'u0cu7- "' may seak an unpalatale trutn 'en t say that one of the chief oppo0 tini t' our success as a great maniufaemtrt. -A di;ersfied farming setion is that, .*n ' i'e nt H. Xur law have been tituted I: fcar I.tht r itan the lo e of cr ila' eniterprises. Let us re ; this barrier bv liberal licvslatien and invitet r 0 rIwi: and factorie. in ain ra -d f r:n II. ti re natu r1alI libt.rali:zin oI z ur I a n w il Iom V!III(,I I tai mianufactiries and raliladS: wvith the railroads and mnanufazctor ies will c hfruition of the 1: ocPes ofthe ,uthit farmer. tI der e r so t k he* wil" see around hiu t he wvt ing ori. the u~itng hid- of thle cottoi b!S isee \with1 t orclhar. t 'laiddei d del;i t the waili farme':r. The -o -t Imi t he' ma uf:. is t ill (ai o the zreen land. and th whirr of the wleeI II' ::'a*k-aandi deiliht every calley. he: 1ush of the .tVe Willbiii- to I t'e c :i.iz i lklince of 01er uands. ndi amid-t hi- ,wreninial etoPZ t oathern f!ari:er %k1.1 dwe! in I ap 0i1nss21ctieb i deie:( a::L'. other tiller If the 5oil. WHAT Go LZ SAYS. In a Proclamation He Advises Cubans What to Do. General 3axiino Gomez from his cam1p200 ailes westward near Narciso i Cuba. has addressed a proclamation to the Cuban army advising against dis handing until the proceedings at Wash Sa g zte re::rding the pay of the insur gent tro;s have been completed. it i- dated Decembr 2.. and is in part as --The amm'nt hais an IcOd to give publie explaiiation of my conduct and my purposes. which are always i1 ae, cord with iy seise of duty to the coun try I serve. The Americans, tacitly our allie. have terminated the war with 1pai: and si.;ed a treaty .f peace. I believed it was -my du.y to amove,-for y ~ plitical or other object from the spot where I hadi drawn my sword, so lonz as the enemies of thOe army had not' comipletely evacuated the island. 31y pretcave elsewhere would have dis tarbed the repose and calmness nees sarv to consolidate pence; nor ought I to have caase the Cuban trouble by any unnecessary maiifestations during the jubilee. " The period of transition is termin ated; the army of the enemy is aband oning the country; the sovereignty of the great United States is beginning. as stipulated in the protocol, over al the island. Uut Cuba is not free or in depcndent. Self-governmtent is not yet constituted. For that reason we must dedicate ourselves to bringing about the disapoearar.ee of the cause for At erican itervention. .But above everything else, in the spirit of justice to the Cuban army. it is necessary that before the liberators of the people can dissolve as a guarantee of ordier. that the debt which the couin try owe. to its .iers abould Le sati: tied. Awaiting this result, I tenmlain in my present position, always ready to hel p the Cuban finish the work to which I have dedicated my life." Sensation in Havana. A dis-patch from Hlavana says an af ternoou paper Wednezday sent a thrill through the city with a report that a torture andi execution chamber had been found at the residence of the Spanish military governor. adjoining the palaae. The papers declared that there the Spanish ottiials questioned and murdered 60t prisoners. According to their accounts, the tioor of the cham ber was covered with dried blood and its walls was indented with machete strokes. An excited crowd soon iiath red o'atside the residence, which was last occupied by Gen. Parrado. The reported torture chamber is a room about S by. S feet. just off the dining rouiu. As a matter of fact it was prob ably used as a pantry. Ini the wall ther is a dirty iron bar, evidently used to he ng nmeat on, and a piece of di-col ored rope is suspended from it. 1t is iuoicivable that Gen. Parrado prac' !2iced torture nex't to his dining room. Settlirng Old Scores. Twio bills were introduced in the hose of~ the North Carolina legistature requiring all railroads in the State t<> operate separate coaches fir wihite and colored passengers. A bill was intro ducd in the house to amend the State con:sttittin to the effect that 'all the mioeys arising from the taxation is the polls and the proper tv of the white race, for public . chools shall be appropriated to th sup'ot ot the public schools of the wite race, an~d all the moneys arisingz fr 'tetxation of the p)olls and p'r' irty of the Negro race, for pubic ch.X . llI be appropriated tii the supt of the public schi ols ef he Negro race. T'he school funid is now'proprtiont 0ed atecording to popula twin, the Neg'res :tetting as nmuch as e capi t a the white 'eopile, tho ugh bey" py onl abou*mt 10 per cent. of the Sailing of our Bays. di'-atch frou:. ..aanna t> the Co in rhe wee the.~~t Senaithb Car 2lin r-:-cimes br)k 'cam oui:;'t liali ave whee he io'red .e transpo~rt iLou-t I~ia .\ti no theC itransport il iim *' -ailed for liabana. Ciaia. The re 'i *en wasl, formedi'tii .20. and the 'arc iCCnediately citeiro f'. V h in lif ha.u and2 handderebiefs. 'Te o'ir p'~arted: with their trie'uds ma.-t re iuitly for imiany of thei m have ncer been treate better in their le thain ther have bee byci tihe Savaunia The men' wer all in the best ofsirt When they jet 'There were manyil -dwse uhovt.ee &iu them a Lee County Busted. 'e county is dead as a do'or iiali. ng through lariouslea . he suipreime court finallhy .L it:r. hl~d~ing that tle act es ab .: ,. a uurtitutionah. Opiin a .: .It? 2'y theC chif justice. It 2.h' i enc .- Leec::nty peopt:c. 1.n ert e: t I!- 2i atur en tingZ *r yet befhere the Lee county pe'ople can again vote ou the qiuestioni el the I stablishment of the county. TO TILE COTTONTOT. Old Blunder That Farmers Should Avoid This Year. RAISE SUPPLIES AT HOME. Time Has Arrived to Stop Relying on a Crop That Sells Below Cost of Production. The folowing New Year's address 1as just been issued by the commis ioner of agriculture of the State of Gaeoria: Atlanta. Jan. 1. 1899. The beginning of the new year is upo" us and 1 with all its hopes and di:appitnetts, is a thing of the past. It will be well for each of us at this time. before we comience our work for the year. to take a calm and thoughtful view of the situation, and then to act as becone sensible men. What, then. do we find to be the con dition of the average Georgia farmer at this time? Aftei working for months to make :tud Lather a large cotton crop, has he any mouey left from its sale? I say empnhatically no. Those farmers are fortunate iudeed who have been able to pay the debts incurred by them in makiin the last cotton crop, the vast maj ority havi n unpaid accounts against them either for guano, meat, corn or goods of other kinds. Has the average Georgia farmer a supply of corn, oats, hay and fodder, with which to feed his stock of every kind until he can make another crop? Has he plenty of home made meat( and flour and syrup, with which to feed all hands on his farm for the next 10 months? Are his mules, and horses, and cattle, and hogs, and sheop in good order and well cared for, now in the midst of a cold, long winter? Has he an abundance of poultry of all kinds, well housed and well fed? Has he plenty of good milk and butter from graded Jersey or Holstein cows? Has he a rich garden from which he can daily gather the winter regestable to add to his bill of fare? To all these questions I must regretfully answer nro. And yet I assert positively that all these a:e .ithin easy reach of every land owner in Georgia who will throw off the curse of all cotton growing, and :turn to the ways of our fathers. Shall we continue to grow and sell cotton below the cost of production.(to the great delight of the balance of man kind, who care nothing for our suffer ings), until total ruin overtakes us, or shall we make a united and determined effort to raise our own supplies in abun dance. and thus make our cotton crop an absolute :urplus? I see no hope for our farmers ,ave to adopt the latter plan and stick to it reeardiess of the price of cotton. Don't delude your. self with the idea that your neighbors will diminish their cotton acreage and therfore you will increase yours in the hope of getting a good price. There could be no greater-mistake of judgment than this, as the selfish farmer so act ing will find to his cost at the end of the season If Georgia mad.e no cotton this year, the loss would doubtless be made up by the yearly increased acreage of rich cot ton lands brought into cultivation west of the Minissippi river. We had bet ter prepare ourselves for long period of low-priced cotton, for the outlook prom ises nothing else, and being prepared, we can better endure such a calamity. For 33 years we have relied on cot tont alone with which to purchase every thing else. During that time we have made not less than 20.000.000 of bales, worth at a moderate estimate, fully SS.00.000.0j00. What has become of this vast 'amount of money, which, if kpt at home, would have made us one of the richest States in the Union? It has all gone to pay the farmers and maufacturers of the north and east for supplies of various kinds, every item of which we could and should have pro duced within our own borders. Sup pose we had made only 10,000,000 bales in the past :33 years, and in addition had produced all the supplies that we have bought from other States, is it not self evident that we would be bet ter otf by $400.000.000 than we are at present'? The entire property of the State. cities included, is now but a lit tle over 8i400.00.000, and the farmers of Georgia ought alone to have be.en ri:her b~y this vast anount, had they not been deiuded by the all-cotton fal lay. Look around you in your different comunties an!d note the successful farmers of your acquaintance; invari ably you will find them to be the men who ~have diversified their crops and raised their own supplies. No State or section, can prosper that relies entire i on one crop. Kansas tried it with wheat, until most of her farms were mortgaged, and she was only saved from utter ruin, it is said, by the "hen and the cow." Now, with diversified farmitg, she is again on the road to pros pen ty. I writc as. a farmer to farmers, know ing and appreciating the difficulties in he wary, but I believe they can all be overcomne by a persistent and deter mied effort in the right direction. I byv no means advise the abandonment of cotton culture. for we have no other money crop upon which wecan with ab oute certainty depend; but I urge upor and pl1ead wit h each and every far mer in the State to plant no seed cot ton until he has planted such an acre *icee of each and every other crop that li 'l grow on his land, that, let the sea on bie dry or wet, he will be assured of anudant and varied provision crops. lu addition to this. let proper atten to be aen to th~e raising of stock of of i dparticularly cattle, hogs n phry. With proper manage Cfent it is eniier and cheaper to raise a fififd of ark or a pound of any kind 4f poltry thia it is to raise a pou.d of cotton, andU yet a pound of pork is worth as inuch to three times as much as a outnd of cottoni. Thie papers stated tht Atlanta alone used 10.000O turkeys on Th k giving day, and I venture to .a' thait ninttenths of them came frnm Tenne and Kentucky. What a coumtentary on ounr method of farm A good beginning has been made in the illht dirlec in the sowing of the larer: whe . crop probably in the late hiory of the State. A fair crop of fall eatn.s has lo en plantd but the acre age should be doubled or trebled with out delay. Prepare to plant a good corn crop, not less than 10 to 12 acres to the plow; and be sure to either broad cast field peas in your corn at the last plowing, or drop them on, or by the side of the corn rows at the second plowing. Then prepare not less than five acres to plow for such crops as groundpeas, potatoes, sugarcane, mil let, etc. After that put 10 acres, and no more, in cotton, regardless of who may advise you to the contrary. A crop like this will give you 25 acres to the plow, and that is enough for north Georgia, though in middle and south Georgia, a few more acres might be cultivated in corn or groundpeas. Buy as little guano as possible, but use all the home-maide fertilizers that 3 ou can get together between this and planting time. Stop buying hoehandles, axhekves. hames and other things that you can and should make at home on rainy days. Never go to town with an emapty wagon, but always carry something to sell, if only a load of wood. Buy nothing on credit if you can pos sibly avoid it. Better suffer sone pri vations than go in debt. If we would be independent and pros perous, we must farm on the lines sug gested. No other roads will lead us out of the woods in which we are now al most hopelessly lost-but if we will fol low tie course I have endeavored to blaze out, we will in a short time be a happy, prosperous and contented peo ple. In the laudable effort to become self sustaining, all must lend a hand. The merchants and the landlords can great ly aid in the good work by not insisting that their customers and tenants shall plant a large cotton crop in order to get supplies. This course, hitherto pursued, has resulted in greatly increasing the cotton acreage, to the serious injury -I may even say almost ruin-of all hands concerned. If they would try the op posite course, extending aid and credit only to those who make their food sup plies, how different and how gratifying would be the result. I appeal particu larly to the merchant, who, by their insistence on a large cotton acreage be fore credit would be extended, have practically "killed the goose that laid the golden egg." Let them "face about" and refuse credit to their custo mers who may contemplate planting a large cotton acreage. If such a course should be adopted and carried out, it needs no gift of prophecy to foretell that a vast amount of property and suffering would be banished from our State. I am more than willing to help on this good cause by every means in my power, and the greatest reward that the con duct of this department could offer me would be the satisfaction of feeling'that I had aided, even though in a very small degree, in restoring to the suffer ing farmers of Georgia, that plenty and prosperity which they once enjoyed. 0. B. Stevens, Commissioner. CRIMAL AGGRESSION. Bryan Quotes McKinley on the An nexation Issue. Col. William Jennings Bryan visited Springfield, Ill., last Wednesday and in the evening addressed an immense au dience in Central music hall. Touch ing the question of annexation, Mr. Bryan said: "The party that was will ing to oppose the gold standard because it was wrong out to be good enough to oppose an English colonial system be cause it is manrong. It is astonish ing that any man living in this age of the world in the United States should uphold the doctrine of securing land by conquest. Blaine was against it in 890. And a year ago last December the president of the United States sent a message to congress, and in that mer sage he said: 'I speak not of forcible annexation, because that is not to be thought of; and under our code of mor ality that would be criminal aggression.' My friends, there is a great moral ques tion involved, declared so by your president; a code of morality is in question, and according to that code. for annexation is criminal aggression. "I say, give independence to the peo ple of Cuba, not because we promised is them, but because they fought for it and have a right to it whether we prom ised it or not. Why cannot we apply the dame principle to the Philippines? Why should we purchase a title to the Philippines from Spain? We declared that Spain did not have any title to Cuba. When I buy the Filipinos I want to deal directly with them and I want to pay more than $2.50 apiece for them. Honor Among Thieves A man arrested in New York the other day for snatching a pocket-book from a woman and was identified by her as the thief. After he had been in jail for several days another man came forward and voluntarily confessed that he had snatched the pocket-book and placcd it in the pocket of the man who was arrested when he found himself in danger of detection. When the second man was shown the woman she also identified him as the man who robbed her. The moral of this story is two fold. First, there is sometimes "honor among thieves;" second, it is not al ways safe to accept the identification of a prisoner by an excited woman as con clusive evidence of guilt. A Hard Fate. A dispatch from 3Madrid says Colonel Julson San Martin, who was in com mand of the Spanish garrison at Ponce, Puerto Rico. when the United States troops under Gen. Miies landed in the island and who abandoned the place without resistance, has been sentenced to imprisonment for life, lHe will be incarcrated at Ceuta, the Spanish penal colony in Morocco, opposite Gibe raltar. A Good Profit. The Columbia State says that Chair man T. J. Cunningham, stated Wednes day that the financial showing of the penitentiary for the past year would be excellent, considei-ing the low price of the markets. A number of improved ments have been made on grounds and buidings, and $10,000 will be turnel into the State treasury, leaving several thousand dollars upon which to com THEY WILL FIGHT. If Our Forces insist on Occupa. pation of the Cities. THE CABINET IS SO PLEDGED. Aguinaldo Has Gone to Iloilo to Take Command. Warlike News Via Paris. Fili pino Terms. An official telegram received in Par is by the Filipino junta dated Manila, Jan. 4, says that Aguinaldo has gone to Iloilo, at the request of the insur gents there, to place himself at their head, with the view of their possible fighting with the Americans. The dis patch also gives a list -of the members of the new Filipino cabinet, with facts as to their antecedents. The following have definitely accepted office: President of the cabinet and minister of foreign affairs, Nabini. Minister of the interior, Teodoro Sandico, a civil engineer, educated in England and Belgium and taken to Manil. from Hong Kong by Rear Ad miral Dewey. Ministerof finance, Gen. Trimus, a close ally of Aguinaldo. Minister of public works, Gregorio Gonzaga, a lawyer, until recently the Filipino agent at Hong Kong and for merly Spanish attorney general in the Visayas. The cabinet is described as homogen ous, every member being pledged, ac cording to these advices, to resist the American military occupation of the Philippines. A member of the Filipino junta here explains that Aguinaldo did not run away, but "left Manila for the moun tainous region behind Cavite, in order to make .-ecret arrangements for his voyage to lU.ilo." The Filipino who furnishes this in formation also catgerically and specifi cally asserts that the latest telegraphic advices declare that if the Americans insist upon the occupation of the rrin cipal cities by.the American troops the whole of the Filipinos will "resist by force of arms." Mabini, it appears, claims recogni tion of the independence of &he Phili pine islands and will not co isent to the release of the Spanish prisoners, but,.it is added, he is willing to come to an understanding with the Americans "as allies," for the surrender of the Span ish military and civil officials and others, which will only be made on the following conditions: 1. The negotiations to be opened for mally between Spain and the national Filipino government, Spain nominat. ing a delegate to treat therewith. 2. An exchange of prisoners and Spain to repatriate, firstly, all the Fili pinos held prisoners for having been directly or indirectly connected with the insurrection; secondly, all orison ers of war condemned as traitors, re volters or deserters, or for having in any manner seconded the Filipino movement during the present century, this surrender to be made before the Filipipnos release the Spanish prisoners, and Spain to grant amnesty to all Fili pinos and Spaniards accused of compli eity in the insurrection. 3. Spain to defray all the expenses of repatriating the Filipino prison ers and also the cost of maintain ing and repatriating the Spanish pris oners held by the Filipinos, such pay ment being considered a war indemnity; the national Filipino government con sents to pay the expense of repatriating those Filipinos captursd in formal ac tion, although, it is added, "as a mat ter of fact the Filipinos are also enti tled to demand the payment thereof by Spain." Friars taken prisoners, it ia further asserted, will not be intcluded in the exchauge, "seeing that they act as paa agents (luring the war, but their surreuder would be made on the condition, firstly, that the apostolic delegate will ask their liberty in the pope; secondly, that all bulls and pon tifical decrees granting special privi leges to the riigious orders be revoked; thirdly, that all rites of the secular clergy be respected; fourthly, that no friar hold any parish, cathedral, episco pal or diocesan preferment; fifthly, that all such prefer nents be held by native or naturalized Filipino clergy, and sixthly, that rules for the election of bishops be fixed." CONFIRMED FROM HONG KONG. Leading representatives of the Fili pino junta iu Hong Kong in the course of an interview with the correspondent of The Associated Press Thursday de clared that the serious crisis in the Philippines is due to what they desig nate as "overt, unfair treatment of the Filipinos by the United States." They said that despite the known fact that the whole of the Visayas group was in possession of the Filipino forces, Gen. Otis was ordered to take possession of the entire archipelago and dispatched troops and warchips 'to the southern Visayas. The Filipinos, according to the junta representatives, are determin ed to prevent the landing of the Amer ican at iloilo, and may, as a last resort, destroy the city for strategical purposes The junta insist that a rupture of the friendly relations now existing between "the Filinino national government" and the Americar4 execaitive is imnmi nent and that hostilities are probable inless what they characterize as the "unreasonable, unfair and overbearing policy of the Americans"' is modified. They say the Filipinos "would deeply regret such a rupture, but would ac cept it as inevitable." In concluding the interview the spokesman of the junta representative said: "The Fili pinoes appeal to the A merican people to uphold the rights of mankind and to avoid bloodshed, assuring the Ameri cans of our desire to .complete a friend ly settlement through an impartial commission of inquiry. The Filipinos loyally supported the Americans against the common enemy; and they now look to the American nation to fulfill the the promises made to Aguinaldo at Singapore before he proceeded to assist Admiral Dewey. All the Filipinos ask is the truest and best rights of man kind." THE NEWS IN MADRU . The following official dispatch has been received in Madrid fro u Manila: "Th insentsi reus to liberate the prisoners on the demand of the Ameri cans, laiming ethat this might be con strued as an act of submission to- the United States. With regard to libera ting monks, the insurgents intend to negotiate with the vatican directly. Gen. Rios has now opened direct nego tiations with the insurgents concerning the prisoners." DESPERATE ROBBERS. Six Highwaymen Do Ugly Work in the City of Chicago. A Chicago dispatch says sixhighway men who were endeavoring to make their escape after having held up the dry goods store of H. C. T. Boorman, at 823 Twenty-first Place, engaged in a shooting affray with Policemen Ed watd Wallner and John McCauley Thursday evening and both officers were wounded, Wallner dying three hours later in the hospital. McCauley was shot in the arm and hip, but will re cover. Wben Wallner and McCauley were called to the scene of the robbery they started in pursuit of the men. The officers drew their revolvers, but hesitated about firing because of people on the street. When the six robbers reached an alley they ran behind a fence and opened fire on the officern. Both policemen ran into the street and returned the shots. Wallner was wounded at the begining of the encoun ter and McCauley was left to do battle with the men alone. After firing more than a dozen s hots at the officers the six men turned and ran up the alley, McCauley following th'em and received a second wound. He was then forced to give up the chase and the robbers escaped. Boorman and his clerk, Charles Carlson, were alone in the store when five of the robbers entered the store, one remaining at the door. They robbed Boorman of $35 and a watch and took $5 and a watch from Carlson. There is no clue to their identity. THE LYNCHING LAW. A Nice Point Argued Before the State Supreme Court. The Columbia Record says in the State Supreme Court at Columbia Wednesday morning a case of consid erable interest was argued on appeal from Orangeburg county. The case is important from the fact that it has re ference to the constitutional provision that the heirs and administrators of a party lynched may sue the county in which the lynching occurred. About a year and a half ago a negro named Brown was lynched in Orangeburg county, the charge against him being that he had burned several barns of farmers in the county His body was strung up on the side of the South Car olina and-Georgia railroad track, expos ed to the view of passengers and those who traveled by the dirt road. But that is neither here nor there. His ad ministrator, Isaac Brown, brought suit against the county for $20,000 damages. Judge Aldrich presided at the court and he decided that the constitutional provision applied only to prisoners who were taken from the custody of legal offiers and then lynched, but did not apply to those persons lynched who had not been in the custody of.offcers. The attorneys for the administrator then appealed and the question was argued before the court Wednesday morning.. Messrs. IRaysor & Summers and Mr. r. B. McLaughlin represented the negro. Mr. E. H. Brunson, U. G. Dantzler and William C. Wolfe represented the county._________ Will Stop Smallpox. Gov. Ellerbe received a long letter Wednesday from Senator Manning of Sumter, ic reference to the smallpox <~itn-ition in that county. In it he says that the Negroes afflicted with ti e dis ease attend meetings, and that the dis ease is being spread all over the county. He says the white people are appalled. Continuing, he says: "I write, there fore, to ask that you will give instruc tions to Dr. Jas. Evans to take such steps as are necessary to deal with the emergenciy and save us from the horrors of such a calamity. If you have not the available funds, Iam confident that the legislflture will make provision to reimburse you for any expenditure that is absolutely necessary to prevent wide spread suffering and death to many of our citizens." Governor Ellerbe has no emergency fund to meet the situa tion, but in view of the appeals made to him he sent the following telegram to Dr. Evans: "Take full charge of the smallpox situation in Sumter county. [ will borrow money to carry on the work."-Columbia State. Owned and Run by Negroes. Last week at Concord, N. C., the machinery of the only cotton mill in the world owned and operated by Nogroes was started. Two years ago Warren C. Coleman, a well-to-do colored citizen of Coucurd, began to canvass the State in the interest of such a factory. How well he succeeded was shown to-day when the seven thousand five hundred spindles began to turn. The mill was given Coleman's name in well deserved compiment for he secured subscriptions aggregating $30,000. White people of North Carolina are much interested in the success of the experiment. A mill in South Carolina employing Negro la bor failed but the Coleman concern is organized on a different basis. The Coleman mill is the 235th cotton mill in operation in North Carolina. It will employ 100 persons, half of them adults. The stock is widely scattered. Evacution of Havana. Evacution day at Havana passed off uietly. At noon on Sun day the Span ish flags were lowered and the Ameri an flags were hoisted, each being sa luted. Sons of Generals Lee and But ler hoisted two of the flags. The parade of the American troops was watched in silence except that General Lee was much cheered by the Cubans and that they went frantic with delight when the men of an Indiana company drew from under their coats small Cu ban flags and waved them at the review ing stand. This whole company was put under arrest. -The Spaniards gath ered along the water front dressed in mourning and watched the derarture >f the Spanish officers in silence and CLEVELAND ON IMPERIALISM. The Sarcasm of the Ex-President on the Expansion Epidemic. Ex-President Cleveland in reply to the request of a representative of the Associated Press, for an expression on the question of expansion and annexa tion, said:" I do not care to repeat my views concerning the prevailing ep idemic of imperialism and territorial expansion. Assuming, however, that my ideas on the subject are antiquated and unsuited to these progressive days, it is a matter of surprise to me that re fusal of certain natives of our new pos sessions to acquiesce in the beneficence of subjecting them to our control and management should in the least disturb our expansionists. This phase of the situation ought not to have been unan ticipated nor the incidents naturally growing out of it overlooked. The rem edy is obvious and simple. The mis guided inhabitants of our annexed ter ritoy who prefer something different from the plan for their control which we propose or who oppose oi designs in their behalf should be slaughtered. The killing of natives has baen a fea ture of expansion since expansion be gan and ot r imperialistic enthusiasm should not be checked by the prospec tive necessity of destroying a few thou sand or a few hundred thousand Filipi nos. This should only be regarded as one stage in a transcendantly great movement, a mere incident in its pro gress. Of course some unprepared souls would then be lost before we had the opportunity of Christianizing them, but surely those of our clergymen who have done so much to encourage expan sion could manage that difficultv." ILLICIT STILLS CAPTURED. Whiskey Made of the Refuse of Sorg hum Molasses. The Columbia State says certain sec tions of South Carolina' produce an in toxicating liquor which is obtained from the refuse of the sorghum cane after the syrup has been extracted. This beverage is known as "sueat.'? The dispensary officials have been suspicious that illicit stills have been manufacturing this fiery beverage and for the past month Chief Constable assisted by Constables W. R. Crawford. James Crocker and J. E. Lightfoot, have been looking for these stills. Mr. Bahr was in the city yesterday and reported that they had captured eight of these stills. He ha'd a sample of the stuff which was labelled "tus sick" or "swamp whiskey." It was white in color and almost pure alcohol, as could be told from the blaze emitted when a little oas poured on the fire. These stills were nearly all located on the border line between Lexington and Orangeburg counties. The stills kept but a small supply of stock on hand, as not more than 70 gallons were captured. The majority of these stills con tained copper kettles and copper worms, but some had iron kettles and vessels. Mr. Bahr destroyed all the stills but one, which he shipped to the State dis pensary. The bottle which Mr. Bahr displayed was corked with a siopper of swamp root. This is as light as cork and as resilient as rubber. The enter prise of these people ir'. trying to utilize the products of the soil is quite com mendable, but their .judgment in pre venting their uses seems to be an error. Want the Office Abolished. At the regular monthly meeting of the State board of control Wednesday it was, on motion of Mr. Williams, deci ded that a committee of two be appoint ed to formulate the recommendations of the board to the general assembly. The report is to deal principally with the purchise of the new dispensary blding, the handling of beer priv ileges, and the disposition of the coun ty boards of control. On motion of Mr. Cooper, the committee is to con sist of Messrs. Williams and Hasleden. The State board has long since been dis satisfied with the operations of the county boards, and one of the members stated Wednesday that the annual re port would advooate the doing away with the county boards, which cost the State about $12,000 a year,and are real ly of not much service. It is stated that the State board will probably re commend that the senator and repre sentatives from each county constitute an advisory board for the purpose of ac tions upon questions which perplex the State board, and toon which informa tion could in no other way be obtained. -Columbia State. Not Runfians After All. "General Ludlow, military governor of Habana, commenting on the freed->m from disorder, said that it was remark able. Colonel Moulton. commander of the Habana police, said that the ab sence of crime after such an extraordi nary political change had no parallel in history." And McCullagh, formerly chief of police of New York, finds the Habaneros "mild and tractable" and even Gen. Brooke is pleased with their excellent behavior. These are the peo ple who were represented a few days ago as a set of bloodthirsty ruffians, hating all order and eagzer to massacre the Spaniards.-Columbia State. "Te. Too Much Kissing. "Teeditors of the religious papers have no more 'use' for Lieut. Hobson since the reports of his kissing mania began to come in. The Northwestern Christian Advocate, the Methodist weekly of Chicago, is so exercised that it threatens the hero of Santiago in genuine Hibernian fashion by declar ing he 'will not only be quickly forgot ten, but his name will be a by-word un less be quickly ceases the discreditable course he has pursued for the past few weeks.' "-Springfield Republican. Blew the Maine Up. A Havana paper accuses a Spaniard by the names of Sencarias Bresnes. with three others, of blowing up the United States battleship Maine. Bresnes, who is a lawyer and politician, sailed for Spain about two weeks ago. The instalments of the story thus far have been devoted to the alleged felonies and treacheries of IBresnes. The editor tells his readers to be patient, as in due time they will get the facts regard ing the Maine explosion. He describes hi ro mas- "larely moral." THE PHILIPPINES. The Americans Go Not as invad ers or Conquerors. SAYS PRESIDENT McKINLEY. Inhabitants to be Assured of "Full Measure of Individual Rights and Liberties, the Herit age of Free Peoples." The policy of the administration to ward the Philippines is shown in the following cable message made public at the war department Thursday: Adjutant General's Office, Washington, Dec. 27, 1898. Gen. Otis, Manila. By direction of the secretary of war, I have the honor to transmit herewith instructions of the president relative to the administration of affairs in the Philippine Islands: Executive Mansion, Washington, Dee. 217 1898. To the Secretary of War: Sir:-The destruction of the Spanish fleet in the harbor of Manila by the United StaLes naval squadron com manded by Rear Admiral Iewey, fol lowed by the reduction of the city and the surrender of the Spanish forces practically effected the conquest of. the' Philippine islands and the suspension of Spanish sovereignty therein. With the signature of the treaty of peace between the United States, and Spain by their respective plenipotentia ries at Parts on the 10th int. and as a result of the victories of Ameriean 7 arms, the futare control, disposition and government of the Philipine islandi are ceded to the United Staits In fulfilment of the rights of sovereign ty thus acquired and the responsible ob ligations of government thus assumed, the actual occupation and administra tion of 'the entire group of the Philip pine islands becomes immediately ne cessary and the military government heretofore maintained by the United States in the city; harbor and bay of Manila is to be extended with all possi ble dispatch to the whole- of the ceded territory. In performing this duty the military commander of the United States is en joined to make known to the inhabit ants of the Philippine islands that, in suceeding to the sovereignty of Spain, in severing the former political rela tions of the inhabitants and in estab lishing a new political power, the an thority of the United States is to be ex erted for the security of the persons and property 6f the people of the islands and for the confirmation of all their private rights and relations. It will be the duty of the commander of the forces of occupation to announce and proclaim in the mostpublic manner that we come, not as invaders or con querow, but as friends to protect the natives in their homes, in their employ- " ments and in their personal and religious rights. All persone who, either-byactive aid or by honest submission, cooperate with the government of the United States to give effect to these beneficent purpose will receive the reward of its support and protection. All others will be brought within the lawful rule we have assumed, with firmness if need be, but without severity so far as may be possible. Within the absolute domain of mili tary authority, which necessarily is and must remain supreme in the ceded ter ritory until the legislation of the United States shall otherwise provide, the mu nicipal laws of the territory, in respect to private rights and property and the repression of crime are to be considered as continuing in force, and to be admin istered by the ordinary tribunals so far as practicable. The operations of civil and manicipal gosernment are to be performed by such officers as may ac ept the supremacy of the United States by taking the oath of allegiance or by officers chosen as far as may be practi able from the inhabitants of the islands. While the control of all the public property and the revenues of the state passes with the cession, and while .the use and management of all public means of transportations are necessani ly reserved to the authority of the United States, private property, wheth er belonging to individuals or.corpora tions is to b.. respected except for cause duly established. The taxes and duties heretofore payable by the inhabitants to the late government become payable to the authorities of the United States unless it be seen fit to substitute for themi other reasonable rates or modes of eontribution to the expenses of gov enent, whether general or local. If private property be taken for military use it shall be paid for when possible in cash at a fair valuation, and when pay ment in cash is not practicable, receipts are to Lie given. All ports andI places in the Philip pine islanda in the actual possession of the land and naval forces of the United States will be opened to the commesrce of all friendly nations. All goods and wares, not prohibited for military rea sons by due announcement of the mili tary authiority, will be admitted upon pay ment of suchl duties and other charges as shall be in force at the time of their importation. Finally, it should be the earnest and, paramount aim Of the military adminis tration to win the confidence, respect and affection of the~inhabitants of the Philipines by assuring to them in every possible way toat full measure of indi vidual rights and liberties which is the eritage of free peoples, and by prov ing to them that the mission of the United States is one of benevolent as imilation, substituting the mild sway f .justice and right for arbitrary rule. n the fultilmient of this high mission, suporting the temperate administra tion of affairs for the greatest good of he governed, there mnust be sedulously aintained through the strong arm oi uthority, to repress disturbance and to >vercome all obstacles to the bestowal f the blessings of good and stable gov rnment upon the people of the Philip pine islauds under the free flag of the nited States. William McKinley. Acknowledge receipt, H. C. Corbin adjant eeral