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ADDRESS OF DR. LONG BEFORE PRESS ASSOCIATION Following: is the address delivered by W. W. Long:, director of extension of Clemson college and United States department of agriculture, before the Press association of South Carolina at its recent meeting at JVlyrtie Beach on June 22: I shall discuss first what I consider our largest and most perplexing agricultural problem which has been greatly magnified; and made more acute by the presence of the weevil; namely, the fact that oT percent of our cultivated lanas are in trie nanas of an ignorant and shiftless class. Second, I shall point out briefly some of the achievements within the last thirty years of the scientific man in solving the many problems of agriculture, that at this time of our perplexity and bewilderment are making it not only possible but assure us that in a reasonable time our agri culture will be on a broader and firmer basis for we will have gotten away from the one-crop system that limits knowledge, narrows citizenship and does not foster home building, for we should remember that the key-: stone of American civilization is the home. Third, I shall undertake to show briefly how we have within the past thirty years been growing more and more in sympathy with agriculture through legislative enactment. In conclusion, I shall comment upon the potential agricultural power of South Carolina. Back to the Farm Movement and the Increase of Tenantry Up to the last 25 years or possibly , longer, the minds of the American people were largely directed to the development of the country along industrial, manufacturing and commercial lines. Little thought was given to agriculture other than to reap, to cook and to weave. The problems involved in agriculture were not considered of sufficient value and importance to warrant the scientific study of the scientists nor was there hope i of profitable reward sufficient to interest the capitalists; and the legislator made no effort to study and investigate and ascertain if there was such a thing in existence as a rural problem, either of production or economics. Notwithstanding that, even at so late a date as 1880, when 70 percent of our people lived in the country and 30 percent in the towns and cities.it then required the efforts of these 70 percent to produce the necessary food and raiment to feed and clothe the Dopulation of this country. As an evidence of the great progress t!?at has been made in agriculture, 25 per cent or the people are now producing on the fjirni ,>:oie than sufficient food for our consumption and use. In this connectoin it is interest'ng to note upon what basis the much discussed movement back to the farm' The State 1 Teachers may i sells for one-th \ I would not d have the author optional" mean ing to the dictioi Human Geog; ment of the sub of modern time ginian, now the ment of Columfc 'is justifiable; 25 ueive'it o* cur reo- ( pie are now producing 'lie n^ces^ary < food supply and raw materia! for our ; clothing; along with a surplus of eac h for export. If this movement assumes 1 any proportions the natural result i would be that the profit from the production and sale of farm products would be greatly diminished. The oni iy alternative is revolutionary reducj tion in l'arm living standards or this [vanishing return to agriculture would ; manifest itself in the exodus and the further increase of tenantry, so let f'nle n i>c. n +11 L" K?? f'lv US' Uf i. I V 11X tiuo v i A V c* y iu..t v *. ,., ; to the farm and let us recognize that jour great rural problem grows out of j the fact that 57 percent of our cuitijvated lands are in the hands of an f ; ignorant, shiftless class. We in the v : South, ir. South Carolina, if you ! please. fully realize that a prosper- 1 j ou>\ intelligent anrl contented rural * population is therefore essential to a jour national perpetuity. The world's : experience has shown that the best s . way to secure this is to encourage the 5 : division of all ihe lands into small 0 farms, each owned and operated by a one family. * We know the word's most impor- 11 tant school is the home with the farm. N We know this philosophy to be true-- J< yet, how are we to bring it about with 57 percent cf our cultivated lands in ^ the hands of this shiftless class. Shall f we encourage them to buy our lands J and endeavor to impress upon them that there is a dignity in residing x UDon a farm with a fertile soil, mod- '* f ern buildings and an environment of education? Do we believe that they c will ever be able to develop that b ideal country life so beautifully pic- r tured by Dr. Knapp when he said: j. j "Let it be the high privilege of this , great and free people to establish a republic where rural pride is equal to civic pride, where men of the most refined taste and culture select the rural villa, and where the wealth that comes from the soil finds its greatest return in developing and perfecting that great domain of nature which God has given to us an everlasting estate." The basis of all civiliation is the ownership of land. If we are not willing to sell them our land;, then to whom are we going to sell? Are we going to drift appreciating the fact that in 1910 they owned and controlled of our farm lands,to the value of $92,000,000.00 (ninety-two million dollars), and in 1920 $297,000.000.00 ftwo hundred and ninetv seven million dollars). We can't be readjusted. The boll weevil problem is largely an economic problem. ' There is no certain method of control. Under old conditions the growing of cotton was a fool-proof operation. Under boll weevil conditions the growing of cotton becomes a highly specialized undertaking. The shiftless, doleletss, thriftless farmer's dav is over. The large landed esi tales are in very great danger, comprising as they do the 57 percent of ?? ? ?? ? ?a? ? ? ?i Save M 3oard of Education < nake their choice be ird less than the oth? Public Schi are state this fact if I d ity of the State Board, s "left to one's choice," z nary. raphy is a new and correc ject by the leading Geog s, Dr. J. Russell Smith, head of the Geography c da University. . < . _ . ? jur cultivated lands that art* controll- t d by "his shiftless class. (. The answer that the normal exo.iu;o the North will take care of the i-it- ' !??+;,?*? l orv<ini t!*>:?t" pv<?ntiial!v thi> 1 .4(4 t I \S J * , A A'ill be true, but ihe presence of the ' ;>oil weevil has precipitated a fundi- J ;ion that is acute. We can not af- 1 ford to have .r>7 percent of our cul- 1 ivated lands lessened in value by ( mprohtable returns and thus tre- 1 nendously weaken orr entire agri- '< ullural structure. 1 "he Contributions of Scientific Men to Agriculture Within the Last 25 Years t There are no pages in American ^ i.story of achievements tliat stand ^ mi more bru'iantly thun those thai ^ eeord the contributions of our scien- j ilic men within the last thirty years ; o our agriculture, and yet those men ] re today pointed to as being imprac- p ical, visionary, r.nd peculiar, and c cience itself referred to as being ^ omeihing beyond the understanding q f the average man, and as you know ^ nd 1 know that the very meaning of t. he word is the application of com- t ion ??ense. The tremendous ad- s ancement of American agriculture is j irgely due to the unselfish service of 9 he men of the laboratories and ex- ? leriment fields. Let me call to your t lind a few of the results of their la- 0 or that come into the daily life of very successful farmer. They de- r eloped by plant breeding1, new varities of practically all crops grown on 0 arms, especially adapted to specific 'c onditions. They developed by plant c reeding crops that can be grown e uccessfully on disease infested 7 inds. They have explored all parti c i ii mini iraftnuiriwun im wjua We ai Temporarily machines that wei * f * ready tor business We have rep cars rolling, and a trade as usual. Newbt Men ? i I i n in" il jiii oney on an the 20th of May tiveen these two sei srs. ools Now I" I [id not Likewise, t "Basai use two sets c iccord- Books 1 co o, are receiving Prices on ^ t treat- than other re rapher a Vir- The John < iepart- ed that the p< having financ BauaMMMnaMMMHaHKBOMMMM" ?1" the wo: id and as a result of t'neii xpioratior.s they have Introduced lew crops that have proved of tre^ nendous value. The introduction oi Durban: wheat from Siberia has mailt t possible for us to manufacture ou! naccaroni, heretofore imported frorr Italy. They have introduced nam orn. Milo and Federita, and by sc loins have made farming possible or nillions of acres of land in the semiirid West, where, without these new introductions, the country would b( minhabited. How many of our farners in South Carolina realize thai nany of the clovers and alfalfas thai hey annually seed were introducer rom France. Hermanv and Russia? 'hat Sudan grass, that is growing vith us in popular favor, is a foreign mportation? Our idea of :3oil fertilty has been entirely revolutionized >y the introduction of practic nly all mr leguminous crops except cowpeas. ;uch for nisten.-e as soy beans, velvet leans, the clovers, the vetches, etc. "he discovery of the little bacteria hat gathers nitrogen from the aid onstitutes a new source of wealth ' at will last as long as the world !. nds. How many of us when enoying our morning juicy <rrape fruit ive a thought to the scientific man vho patiently labored to bring forth his delicious appetizer? How many f I*:5 realize that the man who introuced the improved variety of figs, irunes and dates rode on the back of , camel hundreds of miles in the desrts of the Far East. Take your mind iack for twenty years and recall the haracter of fruit then offered you, specially the peach and the apple, 'hey were smlal, wormy, knotty, and cm pare them with the peach and the ? - ' .J I " ! *?3. Funniniv we have rigged u re not so badly d* > laced our stock 8 re in position to t? ;rry Lumb r*i H n rhone 5b iber Newberry Chamber of Commer xm II^IW?mmm jew iMwae??im mn iut-MWIM , V Alll* I JL %J%&& > adopted two set l.s* Human Georg J~ TL lave i lieu :he State Board adoptei )f Readers. The Winst comrpise one of the the many orders for these ] Winston Readers are si aders. C. Winston Company v eople of South Carolina dal reverses and reduce ' apple of today and you will naturally I ask why the difference. Easily an swered because iht* scientific man has : made it possible 10 control certain diseases of the peach and the apple .by the use of a spray worked out by 1 many years of experimentation. The plant pathologist or today is maning ) as much progress in eontrollingvthe ! disease of our plants as the physician is making progress in controlling and preventing the disease with the hu? man family. ^ Let us pass on and briefly state ' what ha? been accomplished in the de1 velopment of our animal husbandry. ' Twenty years ago the annual death rate in hogs from hog cholera in the UnitedStates was from 0 to 25 per1 cent?the financial loss for the Unit c-d States in certain wears amounted to r. hundred millions of dollars. The 1 scientific man perfected a serum and vrius that has practically made it pos sihlo to control this disease. Likewise tick fever and black leg can be (Continued on Page i ' NOTICE OF FINAL SETTLEMENT .! I will make a final settlement of . the estate of W. Grady Bedenbaugh in the Probate Court for Newberry County, S. C.. on Friday, the 28th 1 day of July, 1022. at 10 o'clock in the forenoon and will immediately thereafter ask for my discharge as Guardian of said estate. NANCY A. BEDENBAUGH, Guardian. Nevvberrv, S. C. | . ( " NOTICE OF FINAL SETTLEMENT I will make a final settlement of the estate of Maggie Propes in the Probate Court for Newberry County, S. C., on Friday, the 21st day of July, 1922, at 10 o'clock in the fore now. l i p a few of the amaged and are j i i I i nd have several ' ' ike care of our er Co. 1 I I ce j i | .Srhnnl ^ ? r s o/* Geographies / raphy} published by Choice of d for basal of all bt on Readers, such the sesets. We serve eq , the stat< Readers. ightly lower j^eg< no BET nieasurt /as persuad- . TNn flp 11 1 '> W M. i have been sd the prices Reprej no'?ri and wil! immediately there-: ft-*3?"' ask for my discharge as Administra-J tor of said cslate. Ai! persons having claims against ;:ic e.-tate of Maggie Propes, de- \ ceased, are hereby notified to lii?j the s:-.me, duly verified, ".villi the under-j i . 7.. . . . _ . . I Snmiuer Camp Fo In The Mo | Southern Rai i In Westera N Am! North Accommod ation every feature of education av&ilab j SUMMER EXCl I Tickets on sale i turn until Octobei | allowed. For fur ! apply to: h M<~I k/l J. JL District P< Columbia, $24.65 Newberr Atlantic ( a ii n im i" Vii c .1 n *i Doumern rv.au DATES 01 June 28th, 1922?South Ohio RR. July 6, 1922?Southern Excursion Tickets good 1 Stop-overs permitted on ] Baltimore and Philadelphia i $25.85 ALS Round Trip To Asbury Park Long Branch, Se Park and Spring A rare opportunity to vis For complete informatioi / > ttt -it t T"kT? A PA1?wiV ii. ivicijeaii, ul iA.. if ror basal use in th ' the John C. Wini ?MPBiaammmmacta?xac?sai ii iibi * ? iu? Either Set >oks to meet the conditic nighfcfulness on the part o [ual consideration from t ; are not CHEAiJ BOOK] TER BOOKS. The pri > of the quality but of the THE PUBLISHERS. 51 7*11 D. wiuiam Da seriting the John C. Winst signed, and those indebted to ea^d estate will please make payment likewise. LEE AVERY PROPES, Administrator. Newberry, S. C. June i5th, 1922. r Boys And Girls </ uniains On Iway System forth Carolina P C nAvmn ! UCUI gld is reasonable, and amusement and le. JRSION FARES I V daily, good to rer 31st. Stopovers ther information EAN, issenger Agent, S. C. y, S.C. $24.65 ) Ml Mill'III I ^ity, N. J. > nt iway System " SALES ern Ry. and Baltimore & Ry. and Pennsylvania RR. 8 days returning. return trip at Washington, .vithin final limit of tickets. 0 $25.85 ; Round Trip , Ocean View, a Girt, Seaside r Lake. N. J. it these popular resorts. 1 apply to Ticket Agts., or >ia, S. C. i ????yw. gmmmmmammmmmm?mmmmmmmB e State. The don Company, ms. Does not j f this house de? he teachers o( j S, but there are ces are not a FAIR DEAL nks nn Comoanv