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of'wSMI xinoere 1* f.to, be tho "orgrni. 8o?u8usi?roimruhctiun?, (Jiatthoy " ought to bo ewrcUc.1 only by men of.cknow 4i ledged integrity; *0<1 under the Inspection of "atribunal noleMHVer* thahtUt of the Ae ** ropagu 9. In ? %iror<ly tlio utility of history can ?* only be impaired bt fliim who know not how u to write it,?hor doubte<l but by tho?e who " know not now to reed \U%^lto*hnr$l9. ' . THE OLYMPIq S^M&S, So called from Olmpia, a city near which they were performed in tho plains of Eli.- Some as cribe the first institution ef them to lteroulc* one of tHe Iditi Dactyli j end other* to Pisus, of who* we Have nothing loft Out the' name. But Pflops being more famous in history, ta rather thought M?Jiave instituted them in honor of Jupiter i awl after him Atreue, Herculua the son of Alcmens, Oxylua, and others renewed thorn. But as yet they were of an unsettled date* being celebrated only upon tome extraordinary occasiona, and without any remarkable pomp and solemnity. The first, from whom they be* tame famous, was Iphitus King of Flis, of the posterity 01 Ifcrculc*, who restored them by tho edifice of the oracle, They were repeated every fifth year \ and hence the revolution of four complete years, which was the Interval be tween cr.ch solemnity, waa called an Olympiad. But even after Iphitus, tliey aeem not to hare been continued regularly at firat, because that which generally pesaea for the firat Olympiad, in which Corfcuua of Ella wen tlie prize, was properly the S8th. However, it is from hence the vulgar JEra of the Olympiad* take date) and falU In tho seodud year of Aeschylus*,' the twelfth perpetual Archon of Athena, four hun dred and eight yeara after the deetructinn of /Troy, and in the 3&28th year of tho World ^IdsEpochaia placed by Variro, aatho bound* ery between the Fabulous, and tlietoricul times, aud it a# much Celebrated for its certainty,.that tho number of Olympiad a has beon reckenfcd n mong tlie Chronological Character*!. They were the annala by which tlie Grecians computed' not OUlytheir own,but also the histories of otlier nations. The Grecians themselves were not presently acquainted with this way of compu tation \ and as the uae of Otynipiuds in Chro nology was only accidental, we must iunuire into the Immediate design of those solemnities. As to the original of these, and tlie other prin ) cipnl games of Greece, they were Inetituted in hon^r ef the godaend hcrbes$ they were there* I' fore Sacred, and art to b^ considered as a part ?if their religion. But besides tlie spirit of re* : lision and curiosity for public thews, there were other politic motives, which engaged the exer* :? else or them. It was thought convenient to as. semble from time to time, and by these common , solemnities, to fc*unlto, if possible, so many difterent states, independent of each other, and ? lesaseparated by thf distance of their habita* ' tions, than the diversity of tlielr interests I So that ono main end of these meetings, Wto tide* bate, and ietile every thing relating to the - j$b* - lie peace, and reputation. As to the sports ?' themselves, theywero agreeable to the lively Genius of the people, who thought With good reason, tliey could not in times of peaco addict themselves in exercises more honorable, <>r use* Xul. FCr besides that by this means they made their limbs strong, active, nnd supple, tlicy also [ accustomed their thought* to the desiro of con* " Mittf ft was a kind of school or Military Ap* ?entieeship, (n which their courage found $ Dnatant employment t And the reason why a victory in the games waa attended with such (traordinary applause. was, that their inds might be quickened with great and nuble ?sets, when, in this imago of war, they ar* to a pitch of glery Approaching, in some cts, to that of the moat famous conqueror, thought this tort 6? triumph one of the Crts of happiness, of which human capable. Upon which occasion, vras had seen his sons crowned in i garnet, one of his friends made him OiagorAs, you may die satisfied \ for you cannot be a god." N.rt to describe alt the exercises performed therr, we may form a general notion of them from the re membrance of the Old British Tilts and Tourn aments, which held ti middle place bctwen a di* version, and a combat. But the Olympic games were attended with a mueh greater pomp and variety > and net only all Urecco but other neighboring nations were in s manner drained, to furnish out the appearance. Wlicri they were thua thoroughly eatabliahed they were con* tinned without intermission. SO long as Greece enjoyed any degree of liberty) and even after that ww loft, tomo brinf thtni 'dnern fo the tmMfcW intirtettie Oreafcr and CedH* ISMfaMii^ffiBofc IH&fiflj L Ito Grteiaos invariably solemnised the funo ralsof U* first slaiq in wir^jlg ty nnorof N|? come StfS! M, IBnpiHionos own rclatwus t after which went an i * harseln iWlM w| gP| which. w? to burisl place for tboso who were slain in art. Hut they who tlioi} in the oattlo a and Mil lC > artificial anil florid piecosof antiquity. T TWO n U9II AN DS OK TWO WIVES. AulusUellius inform* u? it was usual for tho Senators of Homo, to enter the Senate House, ipanlcd by their sons. who had taken the >xta. When something of superior im . nee was discussed in tho Senate, and the fa ther consideration adjourned to the (by follow* i?Kt it wa* resolved, that uO one should divulge the subject of their debates till it should be Tor kail* decreed. The mother of tlie young Pa grins, w!io had accompanied his father to the jnite House, enquired of her son whatfthe Se nators had been doing. The yottth replied, that tie had been enjoined silence,and wis not>at liberty to sey? 'lite,woman became more aux iouD to know.?the secrecy of the thing* and the sileueo of tlio youth did but enllamo her curi osity-she, tliereforc, urued hlin with the more vehement earnestness, i'ne young man, on tlie importunity of his mother* determined on. a humorous and pleasant fallacy?he said* it was discussed in the Senate, Whieh would be most beneficial to tlie State, for one man to have two wives, or ono woman to have two husbands.-? As sootrss she heard this, she was much agita ted?and leaving her house }n great trepidation, hastened to tell tlie other indtrom), what she had heard. The next day a troop of matrons, want to tho Senate Houto j and with Itaii and en treaties, implored that one woman might have two husbands, rather ttinn one inah to have two wives. The Senators* on entering the house, were a- tonished, and wondered at the intem perate proceedings of the women, and what their petition could mean. Tho young Pepir}usrnd* vancing to the midst of the Senate* exptafoad the importunity of his mother, his answer. ant| th'e matte' n* it was. The 'Senate delighted with tho honor and ingenuity of the youth, declared, that from that time |io youth should be guttered to enter the Sonato witnhia father* tnis Hrtuirius alone expected. Ho wa* afterwards distin guished by tlie cognomen of I'retextatea, on ac count of Ini dlsereUop at such on a^e. . ' LITKttAttV. **?*:?$!&? ***< JjusMWMk IIE.VJOUO.'S 8KETCI1B8 OF NQUTH-VMERICA. tth;v?beentiieajfi#tiny, andperliups the mia foriuneof tins country, to bo visited by Kur po an travellers who, from Interest or pYqjudicty are determined to undervalue and abuse.evcry tldng American, In their eve, every thing in tl?? ,y tilled State# is? fclkiMr. mediocrity, ami spot is the hot-bed of vicc, pollution, and itmg equality, yhu? cursed by men who Mtrifttyod to hcattcr their filth, and to retard ation, we would indeed be in a very pit wvic condition, if the world did not know how to appreciate their scurrility, and to estimate their censure* Candour and veracity do not seem to form any part of the character of those who visit our shores; and tliey come with a pre* determination to disgorgo their spleen and do* traction on whatever has pretensions to excel lence in tho American character or institutions. Our homespun republican manner* soon disgust the refined petit ittuitre or tho corrupted cour tior of Ktiropo * to whom even our virtues ap pear less attractive than eWewherc, because they are seldom accompanied with those graces which cause thom to be beloved." It is to bo regretted that tve cannot bo viewed by thosu travelling butterflies through some other medium than that of prejudice. *1110 everlasting slang about tlit vulgarity, rudeness, and profligacy of tho Amer ican people must be as loathsome to Kuropcaus as it is destitute of truth. These reflection* have hum suggested by the nernsnl of a late work, entitled lleaujour's sketches of North-America, translated by an Englishman*-,par nubile fratruuu Tho author Is a Frenchman, who, perhaps, because the Americans could not understand his parlez von*. I or did not duly appreciate the politeness of hi* bow, or become absolutely dumb with as tonishment at the exquisite refinement and polish of his manner*, has declared that " every thing among tho Americans favors this vile cu pidity (love of monoy j) their disdain for the agreeable arte; their taste for tlie comforts of lire | (heir coarse intemperance which deprive them of all love and activity for every think that Is not personal ) and, in short, even their laws, which, by their ambiguity, seem to be the secret accomplices of fraud ami had faith i end with them, Justice la the result of caleoWtion, but never of sentiment," A sweeping anathfina* RrMCStitotttKE h tmch aa exhibition M j&* * country oL earth ha? exhibited a liumaii Mtair more pure, more patriotic, muro hul. sublime than Waohtngtoli*-ami yot the country men of thin Iwro cap eca nothing in history l,ut tha romancc of nations^ Wo might abply i 1 Mona. Beaujour a line from a poet of his covn - ; A declaration like this is tort Billy and itHfe to require serious refutation. It is the nature ana eisorico of republics to bo virtuous. Virtue hful Justly been considered by political writers as the very foundation of that form of government! and that we should aworve from the established principle, is a paradox that f.MUOt easily Ufe ex plained. Vou endeavoured in your last to prove, we think satisfactorily^ that a. nation whose chief occupations are agricultural will, from the nature of things, be virtuous and hap py. Now, as the Minolta of the American people are of that ch/tracter, it must resijlt that Aliey are at least as virtuous as any other nation. That patriotism should form a prominent trait, must be evident from the nature of our govern ment. In all republics this has' been fie pie dominating virtue i. it Is the necessary ifleet of freedom; and io say that tho Americans ate wit!iout It, Is to suppose the existence of a. cause without an effect. Mr. mainour is frequently at variance with himself, aiid seems tpbe full of inconsistencies, lie say?,that though we are destitute of virtue, yet " in general, good and upright characters, aro hardly less frequent in the United States than in other countries." It is notour inten tion to reconcile these Inconsistences) they are too preposterous to require refutation. He seemn to have been desirous to pursue n middle course, and neither rro'nc nor censure indis criminately r nuUhas thus produced a kind of hermaphrodite, * sort of numan hotch-potch, fielthdr intelligible to himself nor his readers. Mr. 11. talks of the ambiguity of oiir laws us a horrible evil; as if this ambiguity existed no Wierc but In the United States, and as if it jjnv* possible to frlme a code of laws that could not ho in ride ambiguous by the ingenuity of man. fw laws of Kngtandp which nre the foundation of ours ore equally censurable % ami we have never heard that the French laws wero remark able for thf.lr perspicuity and clearness. Yet notwithstanding this horriblo evil, which he seems to think sufficient to unhinge society it self, he admits that the " American jw?oplo <fe lervo to enjoy liberty by their regard and re sjitct for the law??tnese ambiglouslaws, which cannot be understood]. The (Witt arbitrary act in that country," he continues, 44 would revolt the most dependant men, but he obeya the meanest bailiff who epeaks in the name of tho laws) and he would doliver una-friend, a bro ther who would seek to elude St." Uut of all the evils which we unfortunately possess in the mind of the author, there is rfione which seems* to irritate him more than what he calls our fond ness fur distinctions, Tho reader must not start, lie does not mean distinctions of rank, which would perhaps be excuseable enough to a- man so long inured to buw with reverence to a cor rupted noblesse. No | *' names Ac rank, accord - ing to him, are no allusion to an American, and (in classes every man, without distinction, by the same rule. vit. by that of fortune. He pays little regard to merit, when surrounded by indigence ; nud the first question that issues from his mouth, when a stranger is presented to him, is to ask, what is his fortune ?" This is a character we have never yet heard ascribed to the Americans. In a country where every mail ha* an opportunity of ncnuir.'ig wealth by proper industry and application to business^ and where thero are so few very rich, and so many independent, wealth cannot necessarily be an object of particular distinction. Talent, ill whatever manner it inay lie surrounded, can al ways make it# way, and has always risen to that level iu this country 'it is calculated to attain. We could adduce many examples in the United St,res of the respect and attention paid to mer it, while the mere wealthy blockhead wns dis regarded and unknown. Men arc always more respected here for their intellectual powers than for the shifts of fortune ; and he who is mental ly divtinguished, is utoro likely to uttaiu the fimt offices of government in this than in any other nation, ft was not fortune that made Washington, Jefferson and Madison presidents. It was not wealth that elevated Mr. itallatin, and many others, to (he dignified and rennet ta ble situations which they held ) end it is not wealth that advances a single individual in this country to honorable stations under government. If we were asked, wo should say, from our khowledfe of American character, "that the fir*t | The second table is cut off ff leindn t first by a range of hills or kh limit the extent of the valtiy of the rivet wait] I by 4 ley el plain ot swamp or : lands, which separate the valey from ill. i lor country. These hills-rise sometimes. and sometimes only "to a level with the plaiu in i lolrrcar. The uniform extent ef thtese range# I the valley) the equal bread Ihfaf the sis nahs that interWftie between tlvoih. ami ilia I amis, exhibit in the finest point of view regular ami impartial process Of nature* in' <?&? rying on her works for the benefit of mail* ,1 ' Between the upper table of tho valley and thJP' basS of the hill) flouaa narrow ravine which carries oft" the surplus waters from the pl'sln yd botli sides. The soil of this country may bo divided iutosilicious>calcarioug and foamy; f the first abounds in the valley, which has been wash . cd by.the curront of the river, and more or less* on the borders of creeks and rivulets j; the se cond on tlio hills and dry plains, and tho third, in savanahs ami meadows. These different uiul? of soil produce different growths of tjrftlpf - lorbaciou* plants and are adafrted to the cnlturo of different articles of agriculture) though ma* nyof them are common to each. Indian corgi is a principal crop in tho vallies of the rfW though wheatKhemi), buck wheat) flax and V tatocs are produced in great perfection?of c from GO to ICQ btuhols per acre?of wheat fron 40 to 00 bushels and other articles iu proper! tion. Thu hills prqduce corn, wheat an -yea and at e always fine for tho - 'Iture of grasses] The various 1'rults apples, pears, peaches, chef rieA, 6ic, grow to great perfection. lYo spot taneous growth oT the vallies, are tlio pt black oak, walnut) hickory, sycamore) bcach, white and blue ash and cherry) with ny more which grow to an amazing height ai thickness. The faco of this country is delif1L fully interspersed with hills and plain#, It and'inclinv.d meadows and valies Iwell water with springs and rivulots, which dispense healt and beauty throughout the whole. " UrtlVilingTotmUin*, cop.ou* l-'ir " In hmp.d J.iptc, itown c icli tuimy v ?!*?; " Or,rcMlcbi, KtiJiiitK from lint mli?l roi k, " The potent nt.'Cjtn rt:fre*hc? pal.il hp: *' [A description of Vevay, the county aeaf wns published *omo time since, nvc h u e nothtnj to remark but the progressive iiicrenso of huihif ing? ami inhabitants.J The county it divided' into two townships : Jefferson unci Hossy?-!?n* three villages Uisulo# Vevay : AlicnviSle, Jack* sotiville and Mount Sterling;, unci a sa!o of lot*] wil! take place on Monday next, in t'.ic town of Krin. Of professional 'characters, (hern uro three in the department of lawtn* many in ptiV<j sic and ono in divinity, and whatever may ha their ineiitf., they appear, tri answer all tlio ptlifj Eoso/i of it# healthy, moral and peacrablu iri ftlritanti, traitHy VrdcH TUcordi:i>{ t;> Mc^,< Anho, Mclisli and others, form an inception tho western character. < A vineyard, cultivated by wwo Swias bound Vevay on the went. A concise history of thei inhabitant* will moro folly illustrate the cji tonography tif the settlement uu>l niilico < f >1 villai^o. Yhwe vine drcrtier* arc from the !V de Vauil, formerly a part of (he Canton of B;| and arc the deoceiiduittsoi the unhappy nco , who were driven by the most abitird and tj JMnnreutiona from the valie* of Poiduont *avoy. They settled on the head of the of uoncva and at the mouth of ?!.#. li Ilhouc, where tliey enjoyed a pcacof'il red till that country fell a vic tim (<? military tjj' tUm, when fiift of the love of lil>er-y llicij thiiir even on Anirricn,an nn unftylum froitVj chy, from tyranny* ami from |)cr?cruU? th?'ii? father* fouml mi iudc|>eti<1cnco ill ' public of Geneva, their descendant* ft; tune* and nec.ut ity in tho republic of tl? ted 8t.tte?* Tin y have heir* as thei-o.i vrty nml their vineyard*. Instead of jtctumm ftlione, they have here the go/ lH'/?util'ul Ohio { instvml of rttzged f capped mountains elevated hill? q , plain*, They have nothing, itiatruej, pare with the beautiful lake of (Jen* what in wanting in tho grmleur of J the uuhlimtty of mountain* I* morn >i