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i- i r d i. y. . - r DEVOTED TO SOUTHERN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, NEWS, LIT RA A A RIClMR hEDAN HAT W. J. FRANCIS, PROPRIETOR. Cur TERS-e iN A .YA VOL. VIIL. S UIMTERVILLIE, S. C... JUARY .5 185'.9 THE SUMTER BANNER, IS PUBLISIIED Every Wednesday iXorning - BY W. J. FRANCIS. TER IS, TWO DOLLARS in advance, Two Dollars and Fifty Cents at the expiration of six months or. Three Dollars at the end of the year. N. paper discontinued until all arrearages are rAta, unless at the option of the Proprietor. 3W" Advertisements inserted at SEVENTY FIV' Cents' per square, (l2 lines or less,) for the first, and half that sum for each subsequent insertion, (Official advertisements the same each time). SS The number of insertions to be marked on all Advertisements or they will be published satil ordered to be discontinued, and charged ' DOLLA R per square for a single Insertion. Quarterly and Monthly Advertise mants wilr be charged the same as a single in. sartien, and semi-monthly the same as new ones lifMejr B. F. Perry's Cr Nism UPON Mr. Taber's Address It is with extreme reluctance that we again recur to this Address. No thing -hut a deep sense of duty to our self could induce us to do so. The attempt has been made, in va rious sections of the State, to produce the impression that we fitlsely reported the purport and substance of Mr. Ta. ber's speech, and, moreover, that we did so maliciously, and for political purposes! It is to meet an expose these calunrious charges that we now address the public. So far from having any malice a gainst Mr. Taber, we did entertain the kindest feelings for him, and respect ed and admired him as a young gen. tleman of talents and promise. All our intercourse had been respectful and civil. We can say it was, on our part, kind and cordial. Mr. Tahor did us the honor to consult us as to the propriety of his delivering his Address at the College Conmencement. We suggested to him what appeared to us the proper course for him to pur sue. He thanked us for our s'igges. tious, and, we hlieve, adopted thelm. The next day he advised with us again, on the same subject. We went to hear hint, not to cen sure him, but to praise him. IHis graduating speech had fiiled our mind with delight, and we had spoken of it in terms of unqualified adiiration. But we cannot express the astonish. ment and 'ruortifiottion which we felt at the conclusion of Mr. Tabor's re. cent Address. We were shocked to hear such sentiments at the followinp (which are ext-racted from his ackno'wl. edged, printed Address) uttered hv a highly gifted young man, whose talents and gentlemanly bearing we had praised and admired: "But this reading and writing system is not only not productive of public virtue, bu: tends directly to a mental demoraliza. lion, no less fatal to republica nism, than licentiousness and vice!l" ". need not enter into an elaborate argu. meat to show that the bare knowledtg of reading and writing constitute, is no true sense, an educatin." "In New England, wuhre we are told thi.s sys tem has been eminently successful where reading and writing are taugin to all-crime, vice, and infidelity are progressing in a fearfud ratio? " While the South reviled, because she hesitates to adopt and establish this meagre, in. sufficient and unsatisdetoiry system pubtit education, enjoys com parativt .and unexampled immunity from all!' " By/far the larger portion of those whc attend the Common School. come fron the lap of/poverty and toil!" * *e The tastes, the occupations-the oppor. a'unite-of/these, cannot be intellectual With the first light of morning theb go forth .to 'heir hwmest labor, and as early eve sink exhausted to theii .couches! What time is spared then\ fur bookaP" "By the operation oi immutable laws, which neither the violence of' revolution nor the efforts o reform can eflfect, society everywherE is split into the extreme divisions og uealth and leisure, poverty and depend ene"* * * " The life of thi latter is of necessity menial, and in communites where they do not fall un -der.a superior race, they constitute thai turbulent, corrupt-pauper host whicA loom, in such fearful darkness over Eu ropean society.- Is such a class fit fox self-government?'P "When she (thi State) does -educate, let her educate e] ficiently," &c. &c. We were mortified to hear snel sentiments and teachings pronounced In the very temuple of learnmng itself *n~ho pgkenee of the learned Faculty .of a State College, the rustees of thai * insitituit~in, before thex Senators an' 4 ~ pesetadves of a democratio andc roeubllcan people, and In the hearin n ix an assembled nmltitudex or that peo ple themnselveal Trhis, all this, too, as JDr. Litsbo says, "'n the middle of th< nieten% oeturmy!!'' We thought then, a~nd we still think, that such sen timent., littered at such a time, in such a place, before such an audience meri tad 'the rebuke of' a free and indepen d..nt nre. Rut inal ..f ..tn... .. such rebuke, the speech itself was lauded and complimented by the press of the State. I t is true, in some in stances, there was an intimation that the views expressed by the orator, on the subject of popular education, were not in accordance with the notikns of the editor on that subject! We knew- full well that, by the criticism which we made of Mr. Ta her's Address in the Southern Patriot, we should incur his displeasure, and the displeasure of his friends, and bring down upon our head the penalty of indignant vengeance. But such con siderations have never yet caused us to swerve from the line of duty, howev er much we may regret their conse quences. We believed, too, at the time we penned that criticism, that there were. many in South Carolina who secretly entertained the sane views with Mr. Taber in regard to the inutility of Common. Schools, the in practicability of the States educating the rnasves of the people, and the high necessity of her educating a class thoroughly, on whom the others are to be dependent for instruction and teachings in politics, religion and mor als, as was the case in the Athenian aristocratic oligarchy. -These gen. tiemen believe, too, that "a pure dem ocracy is the worst form of tyranny." As to the truthfulness of our version of Mr. Taber's Address, we have the testimony of Judge O'Neall and Dr. Lieber. Professor Reynolds and Dr. Thornwell assign good reasons for their's not being so pointed and clear. These four gentlemen only, were written to by us before the pub lication of Mr. Taber's Address, and for the purpose of having their remem. brance of it. Each one of them shall -peak far linmsef. It will be remembered that Mr. Ta. her, in resenting our remia: ks on his Address, made no issuie with us in re gard to their truth. He published our correspondence with the oink.,ive crit. icism, but. said nothing as to the cor reatniiess or incorr'ectn(ess the I ch: Lriti cisrn. We do ntI. recoize t he Hb lished Address, in all respectes, as the speech we leaird in the Col lege Chap el. Some exprosi:ns a;rte added, in exp!lanation, ai Mir. Taber states ini his card. Some arte left out 'ljch we romeniber, and others are mo difiel :and softened in their Ioi;mg tae;. F'or in stince, in the. Address as spoken, the orator stated, in allusion to the ingrmt itude of ::ncient. republics, that tle State of Suiitlh Carolina had covered herself in black disgrace or ingratitude, but that he would not sav what. it was! We Pfid no such expres-ior or allusion in the published Address. Knowing that Mr. Taber had had five years to prepare this Addhress, andI seeing a huge mianiscriit bfoire him. the pages Of wI cl I turned over ,.= he pok,, we took it fir granted that every word cUtered was wl'tr!uln down. The(re wa:1'is snimething. t(,:, in: the: numl ner ot d.-ivery, 'hici icc1twiE'l ti- to suppoi. the Addn-rs was iioinfirizeid. But. Mr. Taber says, in one oi hi rards, le 'coui! ,. imring initi qu tiolin the truth or justi e of ti r -rit CisI." Uptoin s5 ani :,: e we igh: have de.mad:. I he pc bl:at Own of his Addlrress p recisely as it was0 de liverti. A riqui.-itioni wh ', i - ii c Iu i . t'~:m ply with for tho re: n at: d in bi card of the 1ith uIt., that it.wpm- lasti ly prepared ini the imiidst of ncneronis pressing engagements-that a crude mantuscript was his only guide on the occasioin, anid that in some parts he spoke entirely, without noteLs!! But, we now take the A ddress. as it been corrected and written out by Mr. Tabier, as the batsis of discussion, in the language of' Dr. Lieber. 'We will see how far the correctness of our re port of the address is sustained by its language as published in all the news papers of' the State. Our purpose is to anftdyze the speech and give extracts from it. We would gladly publish thme wvhole, but it would take too mutch ofour space, and hias been already seen by almost every one. As we proeed we will analyze our owna criti cism, and apply it to the extracts we give from Mr. Tfaber's Address. First in order, as we shall notice our charges, is the following, in reference to the Common Schools. W e say: "lHe opposed the common school system, and denounced them a.- mischiveou~s." Did Mr. Taber do thi~s? We give the following extracts from his A ddress as published and revised by himself. It they do not sustain the truth of our assertion, we are incapable of under standim.g the English language: " Assuming that a republic depends for permanency upon the morality of the pieople, and that intellectual culti vation is a means to that end, there has heen established, in some of the States of this Union, what is termed a Common School system, the range of which is reading and writIng, with a few rudiments. " Now, the first and futndamnental error in this system appears to be, in the imnlied assumntinn tha erean and writing either in themselves con stitute an education, or that the ma jority of those thus taught avail them salves of it, as a starting point for future cultivation. I need not enter into an elaborate argument to show that the bare knowledge of reading and writing conptitutes in no true sense a education. It hertainly eannbt 6fitseyg make a better man or a better citizem' * * * * * . "But gain,"Does this system, well nigh barren as it, is of intellectual fruit, cherish morals and instil virtue? If it does not, the very objects for which it is instituted, the promotion of public virtue, as essential to repub licanisn, are defeated. There is the test, and the common school system must stand or Ihil by it. "Now, let its adnit, ,ir the sake of argument, that this svstent does edit. cate intellectually, it may well be doubted whether it even then promotes morals. Indeed, although at the first glance there would seem to be direct connection between intclleetnal en lightenment and virture, that the light whi.h kindles 1113 mind should also penetrate the. heart; yet history is full ofexamples of the highest illumination of the one, linked with the deepest de pravity of the other. * * * * * * " But. what is the state of morals where this system prevails ' In Pru. sia, whose boast is the enlightenment of her people, crime and vice are great ly on the increase. In france, where the L'rnssiain system has been adopted they exhibit no diminution. In the United States there is still a sadder tale. In New England, where we are told this system has been eminently successful, where reading and writing are t atught to all, erime, vice and infi dl iy e pa' -r:Ce.sintg in a felarfi ratio. It is atimj-t.-d to explain this h the i!! l -e u:f emiaigrtio n. Rat the stti-d t h -w the inci.'., to be indepen (:,nt ofit. .Vhile the South rev iled, because she hesitates to adopt and t: &alisha this ma gv: at::t. instuliielent asal nait'-, tery systemnt alf puic: deion, Cnjoy: cuift sar.ti ve anid un exanlnl i onaon-ity from'(1 all. "Put i,- rirn -uing; a: eriting systcem is iwt onl r ot ;rc'luctiee ofJ public 'irt's, but tilsL; directly to a menCt ~l mra qlizton, no less, ttal to )ru lic.ani st., thm I ti '.-me.s'cs's and vice." We stated, lso, in the second phate, as w\'l' have ::a,,rnId our aloig' 1. tion', tha "t In o(rdr t' .how the 9is chfit ofJ C.ductln amongst the maP:sc., he apperde.l -, the oritern Ste t's." a n-f, rene to this rua e-r. ' et: gIu ve the ft1ollo ing: ext.r a's, wh:!.:h fully1 j :utify the a-sert .in rhat 1u Ta' regza:ril the dcihii-:in u of rea'ing and wa iting ai inli11h t 1vn, and- .ua ihat the fi ,! f thil edt .ucat iona wal full de pe~ the- .Nor*:o Sus - Ou h I ,"- N,,1o i'I writn tle t is a:.)t (n'y i r l ,I.I i r:\e " ubli' do'i )rilization, r: , ietas t&.ai to republi ,,:inisint. thanI licet,:aio'usness and v"i:-l. I'lae th- y i i nI:, le-r a t uiti oi lik t iwhere no f.'a I prin'ip inl Sanaioratals 'r tl;iita tauaghat., wh r p I is 4-iIal-: i'A,~-~ ',1 \l.ill t,-w d1ogma', at w etre evea-I 1. r''\\w trl 'a:hing ei-a'e5 at, the very mit M Wi '.\!aW :l tilt h 1111+1 i-i iawake- \ ;lh in quiry and speculitiol--th.ni tiraa it out, to pastuare in the ' un weeded garden,' whlich a licentious P-ress haas lenitedl, aund whaat is the result ? ana it, sur prise us that sucha a mind, vain be-cause of its mecagre learninag, aaot yet subldued inito thtat, beautifual humility whicmh, sc cording to lBacon, ta uae-knowledge fos ters, shaouald at on1ce launch into wild specifieatons ? Need we 'wonder that thse ntrment tla entrusted to unskil .ful hands, should lie used, not to prune, but to destroy ? Or that a mind so pre pared, should ait once jall a victim to specious fallacies, and mad theories : that it should1( greedily aibsorb the light and seduactive, and reject- the thonghful and sob 2-erec is oneL great clue to the r-ad of t/he North. Here is the foun , hat torrent of ismns, which is swal ' ~ up literature, mor als and politics, 'and has cast upon society agdin the buried ojfal of exploded falsehood. The youth who leaves the comnmona school at the North feels the pains ..t4 authorship withain him. Originity is his sole thought, an dthe more extremne and radical is he. the stronger and better his claium. Eager publishers calcu late the success of tiae tnew work, by its conageniality to popu1. larideas and passiont; and forth it goes in blue and gilt to minds as anchaorless and weak as his owni. Entter the citiles of the North, emiabaa k on' lar sleamerseride on her railroaads, go into ti& cobuntry, and every where you will ~fd the appetite of her so called read -Tgp pbl ic, dieted on literary garbage. *Cheap infidelity, sociailismn and v'ice, are served up in every form to suit, the paillates of the million. * * * * * "If, then, this systemfails to elevate the people intelketuil-fit,,._ oe. ..ot diminish vice and crimef $f atided by a licentious Presa itfosets'inefital vanity wild speculatio-. an. mority--f in a word, it fals eor, ot s4 object, the welfare of the: t li pewnale is the sys. tem reallq co ve t that end. ' Third e stated that r. T BR the . . oldl y_ "tliit the Ia .' ing classes had 'to righ;t& be: edu. cated, that the poor man had tb work, and it Was useless for him to learn to read and write,tthat a little education made the people vicious and idle." In reference to this allegation, we make the 14)llowingtxtracts from Mr TADER'S published AddreA which we think have not the same strength of express ion, harshness and point that, the orig mal or spolke'n words had. At least they do niot read so grating to ourl cars as they sounded when sp ken. The idea is the (ame: That inhor and ecdu cation carmot go together, anid hence the necessity ofWslavery in a Republic, to lurnish the laboring class, and per mit the wealt.hy and leisure class to de vote thenseives to that thorough cdiu cation and training which existed anongst the Athenians. 'We think labor aond education, the reading of books and tl)' aequisition of kn owl. edge, not at all incomp:tihle. Some of the greatest and most learnred men have been most indefatigable and in dustrious laborers and mechanics. "And as to the second, a word will suice. By far the larger portion of those who attend the common school, cote frum the lap of poverty and toil. They belong to that class to be found in every condition of society, but especially in the more wealthy and civilized whose livelyhood is scantily had by the hard est drudgery. From this scene they go to the common-school, and after receiv. ing the modicum ofnocledge there given, thcy return when'ca they caithe, to t->il ad strzgglc. The tastes, the oc. cupaton,-the portysnities of these, crr'etbe intel cc it rs hoe'ft labor, and at early eve sin.k eLha.ust:d to their couches. WJ'hra t:.m is spared to thrn for books? I comc. no-. -lstly to tli considers. tionl of Slavery, as essential to a re. li)iic. A-11% Caho-.un in his subhliime iituisitiolln uen gotverrunent, fu!!y exipose tha:. muons:trous f a!laev - of modern otiis, that. "all peoI le ar S-lu ally entitled tor liberty." Akin t t, this is the errr that republicanism t': 'est elri'gate :an: d difiieult of all 'ys!< ms, is not oary ruited to all )eoples but tht it can ct <ntee qualift ignor anicei and incom J)etencc. j/.)r the detie: 'nds rt:sponsibilities of self Government Moreiover, that the rc'Lblican idea re qui re?s that all sihoul participa:e equal ly in it.i ic:l rights. " Toa it the crarv is to de:. all the l.po 'ar irmaxhnits on the sihjnet ie! t |tis er" is ^;e bect emfp/hatically it :iw41, in the history; of Re'publics, i is that titp COnu tr')t prosper wher,' p:oi tri al eut:ulit do's czist. in short, werier suci syst'n as African slaery i unknmu'n. "y thr o-peration of imnmutali laws. whieb rrnr ther violen(0c1e ,,I rt':",hitionr nour thes etlb:rts of reform em ti;t , socuiety every whtere is split int: th - extremte divisions of wenith :inc Ih'i ure-p-I. verty and dependence. The progress of civilization does no obliterate these lines, but tends rathe to intecnsity and perp~etuiate them.-. TChe life~ of t his latter is of necessitj imetnal, and in communities where they do nut fall, under the care of: superior race, they constitute thait tur bulent, corrupt., pauper host whici looms ini such fearful darkness ove European society. Is such a class i for self-govearnedt? Can they exer cise safely the rights, or fulfil the dutie of a republie ? 'Are they not thei the ready tools of the anarchist an< the demagogue ?, Yet it is this clais which modern utopianism invests witl full political rights. T?' debar then of the privileges of the citizen, is ti array against society, a jealous ami violent mass, and to admit them is t, subject government to their radical an< corrupt influecnce. * * * * * * "lThe first ob~jct of public educatloi should (aind by pubbhc I mecan State be to inform the people of the natuar of their government, the rights an duties of the citizen. Prof. Lieber, i his admirable essay upon Anghica anad Galican liberty, enumerates thi among tihe duties of all free system! We 'believe that, as regards the large portion of the citizens, govee'rnent wil jauil when it attemnpts more; and it es jects results noble and grand and bem ficenit indeed,4ohen it does this much. Fourthlhy and lostly, we assert tht Mr. Taber "deprecated demagogisn and urged conservatismn, whilst usin the mostclap-trap' arguments in faivi of the aristocratic few, who wereo to bi eduented, and who were to govern thi rest of mnkind in their ignorance an poverty." It is now admitted by M Traber that he made the Athenian Ri public his model where. in hiu m. language, "Citizenship and all its cog nate rights were enjoyed by a very small portion of the people." "The great mass always remained in ex ciusion, as much so as our slaves." In support of the. above alegations, we make the following extracts from the Address, and leave to the candid read er to say whether they do not con tain arguments in favor of the aristo cratic few, the twenty thousand of their ow'n race, It, must be borne in mind, too, that only a very small por tion of those twenty thousand were educated, and tiey, too, were under the control of the higher class, the edu cated few : "The two greatest. dangers which beset all human governments tre the extremes of radicalisms on the one hand, and stagnant inactivity on the other. Both are equally hostile to liberty- aud civilization, just as the un. lettered violence of the nadmian, and the stupor ofthe oriun-eater, alike cannot consist with; individual well being. The tendency to either varies greatly with the character of the ..eu pie, and the political system-, under which they live. With ansolute and despotic governments, the tendency is most intense to the latter; but with the free and liberal, the proclivity is equally strong towards the opposite extreme of radicalism. In this, as in all things else, the path of sound wis dom lies in the happy medium which we call conservatism. " But in a Republic, conservatism is t.he safeguard of the people. They constitute the government, and they have nothing to fear from it, but. what they should fear from themselves. Conservatism, therefore, protects them against themselves. It is a great pub lic co'science, which rebukes the snel -rilegious thought, and unnerves the reckless arm. " lIridl if gsIrarg~;TI wherever the clement of slavery does not exist, and it has been attempted to confer ,political equality utpoet all we find a secton of suiety, where history has placed them, in dan ge. ens frllowship with the demagogue ani usurpCr. ~c ** * .4 Su:h is the position of the North consequcut upon the condition into wlich the absence of all in erior race has broutght them. The people cur. rutpt the politicians, and are in turn corrupted by them, until society he comes radical, and government verges towards anarchy. " TTurn then to the South. S ,o what a grand part ter menial class performs in social nid po'litical developmnciit. Trte, their voices are not heard in Sdrunken shouts in our public meetings nid tbe galleries of our Legislatture, aceering on the demagogue. They cannot exercise the so-called freeman's birthright, and vote down law, proper ty nttid God, and vote up anarchy, rub bery and the devil. They cannotread nor writ , and thus become no wiser, @, no u'>rse. "The masses of the North have ig. nored history, and laughed to scorn the dread warnings it utters. No ex. travagance, however wild, dounts them -but rehr. onward they dash, tram pling - under foot all that is venerable, and rioting in the stronig drink of novel tiem and isms. Temperance reform, abo liuion, spirit r-apping. commingled. - "For a charm of powerful trouble, Likt, a holi-broth,, boit and bubble." " See how their social-fabric sways and trembles, how religion is poison. - ed with enibusiasm and pantheism s how their political system totters oIt the brink of pure democracy-that I worst form pf tyratny; how wYotnan, Sdespising the holy ofiees of wife and mother, markets her modesty in pub I lie brawls, how legislation is reckless Sand corrttpt,'and itshalls polluted wvitt I rowdyism almost Jacobin. lIn such a chaos that curse .of democrics, th< I demagogue is at home-his.nkture and ends unchanged. Professing to egual. * izo, ho levels downwards ; to breal 1 old chains, he forges new odies; to proc ) mote harmony, -he engenders discord a to ad vance, he re.ards;, to love the pee I ple, be. would . dupe and use themi. ii Th ldud-mithed ad vocato of libert y ii he works, zealously for anar'ohiy; an<t s when, at Last, the people madly de .stroy - their ancient landmarks, anid r confiding, yield to his -guidance, It I erects on the grave of their rights an< peace, a bloody, a remorseless tyran 1- nrt~. ' ** * * * t " But when State education ge , further, when In keeping with the spir it of' the age, it seeks a broader basia 'r let her rear institutions like this. Lec e her consecrate light upon the hill topu a whlencee its rays will ierce the darn d valleys and illumine the path o'f th .elimner, rather than scatter feeble car ~- dIes, whose uncertini light diecoys th n i unwary into pits and quagmires, Le to inlependent republican citizen, s he IR omu n Catholie, who is never per. mittel to rcad his Bibl, or know any thing of the religion bf Christ, except what ho gets from his :priest. We have as little confidence in politidal priest as we have in religious priests.-. Every man should think for himself, in politics as well as in religion. The same may be saidof every science and every pursuit of knowledge in; the whole world. \V ithout- .anman is able to read his newsjapers and his Bible, he ;must be more or less a dependent on the wealthy and educated classes. Mr. TanaE contends that the work ing man has no time fbr books-that he goes out early in the morning to his labor, and returns at riiglt, exhausted. What time-would such a mai have to hear speeches and lectures? . But Mr. *TABEtR says the laborer -can have no -taste for literature, and of coarse would have as little for public speeches..Tis wealthy and -persons of leisure are thso. who are to be educated, and pursue lit erature. We deny that wealth and leisure give any taste fur literature,-or have ever furnished in the United States one-tenth part of her statesmen and scholars. Oi the contrary, the great men of America, the scholars of United States, the learned of the Re public, were never nurtured in the lap of wealth and leisure. Such men have always been hard woikers-laboring men-mena who made their living by the sweat of their brow. No mechanic or field laborer works harder, every day of his life, or works longer, than the lawyer and physician in full prao tice. A:.d what is there in issuing writs, or making pills, in counselling with clients, or visiting sick rooms, more congenial to a taste fbr literature, than ploughing the earth or building a house f if the lawyer and the doctor can find time to ' devoto totookrn nd literature, so may the mechanic and tradesman, and the fanmer and day la -brer~Learnin lhas been, as Dr. li nza says, 'entirely changed by the art of primting and common schools, where reading and writing are taught to the poor "ragged.ohildren' of the country." Long may it continue, should be the wish of every, one. There is an aristocratic feeling laud pretention in South Carolina, and a contempt and distrust of the people. which exist in no other State of this Union ! There is less of republicanism in our State Constitntini and Govern rnent, and less confidence reposed in the people under them, than in any; oth er State in the Repnblic ! Nowhere else are the people denidd their consti tutional right of voting fir Electors of President and Vice President. In no othe'r State are they deirived of the rightrof voting for their Qitief Magia trate ! Nowhere else in this broad Republic is the citizen of a swamp ens titled to one hundred and twenty'times the influence of -another whh lives on. the hills or mountains. Nowhtere dle but in South Carolina is property in vested with an influence in one portibo of the State which the samte spuciessuf property has not, in a difl'rent see, tion of the~ counatry ! lia no Stati but South Carolina are six hundred dollars appropriated to the education of six teen poor scholars in a parish, and on ly the same amount aporopriated to educate two or three hundred in snme of thne dista iets! ..it the Senate ouf thia State a miajority of' the Seniat~ors are elected by a very small minority of the people of the State. A\5 to aigy change o.r alteration of our Constitution j is impjos'aible,' unless the Senat ors repre sentimg perhaps one teiith of the pdoyle see proper to sanaction it~r I These are odious aristocra tic features in our Government; which deserve to be broken down.- They topd~ to encour, age the belief that the people are not fit, for selfgoverm - eit, and if' they wvere not taught, to reajland, wii to, they would not be very long. We havi been tould that Mr. . ma's -t' Address is not without advocates and apologists in Greeniville, ah wel a1s ojte portiotis of ihi' State. This does ntsur prisetus at ail, for we verily be lieve thamt itf Mr,r TA asataproposed, mi his qmtnquenial Address; that. pll the free white haborers of the 4te men, wiomen and Zhiildren, shouf4be blacked and sold, andc we had opposed it as being un wise, unjust, an d aftr~ous, there wouhld have bee,,nid somue, no doubt, in Greeiivilln, :as welli as- else, whterein South'lCarolina, who'-cotid not have setn -an yth ing objectionabla ~ im the suiggestion, "and who would birvo denounced us for opposing it. We give the publie the following letters, which wvehave reeived on the subject of this controyeirsy. ILe,-as ottr purpose to have grhtt to in d ieers, hot the pi inuo oY'i -TABtEa'SAddress-cut ihor ir es. onecIt vouches' for us su cietht.. Cotisu,Jt'nuary$ Der ir,; Xour kier lor: on thme way, arnd 'sine~ it a r (colltsunn nif FOn.... I~AG% the pupils of this and similar institu tions step forth into life deeply imbued with the spirit of our institutions and worthy principle. Men whose pre.. enee and example shall radiate patri otism and honor, and who, in the doubt and fury of political crises, will con imind the gaze and guide the steps of the erring. When she does edncaite, let. her educate efficiently. Let her build upon the basis of the home and the fatnily, ain intellectual superstrue. ture, grand and cormprehenrsive, blend ing individual excellence with the State, and the State a part of the main. * * * * * If gentlemen, wo appeal to history for the vindication of' this theory, it will be found ample and universal. The Greeks, as they are the models in literature :and art, so in.the philosophy of governrient they coinmand the deep est study. And there is noeature of rhcr policy more striking than this un der cunsideration. Citizenship-and its cog nate rights were enjoyed by a very small port ion of the people, as in this State it is enjoyed by less than one half itspopulation. It was, among the Athenians; confined by the constitution of Solon to the four primitive Ionic tribes, an I though subsequeutly en larged by (leisthenes and Perieles, so as to admit the whole body of na tive treemen, yet the great mass al ways remained, in exclusion, as much so as our slaves. The equality of Greek liberty was the equality of her free citizens. As before stated, there were in Athens but, but 20,000 voting citi zens, to 370,000 slaves. Yet with this startling disparity of physical toree, there existed, to the end of the Republic, a harmony almost uninter rupted. In peace, the slave was the contented husbandman and domestic, and in the storms of battle he shared the perils and fortunes 4f...his master. " The- aubsequent ruin which swept over her iistitutiora, came from *tio het -ownr"""1sie'Tuitntii'arifia: prieces of- ain unrepresentative demo, cracy, and beneath the bowels of iron hearied barbarians, the liberties and polity of Athens sunk to the grave. "Slavery and the distinction which attached to citizenship, gave to the Gi eek mind leisure and taste for that publc education which ex'panded into such y rand outline and beauty. They invested his nature with that he noe spirit which defied and con quered Lite Persian host. They, in a word, contributed to make him that poectie and free souled thing which has won the love of afItertimes. When we conic down to the Ro man Republic, we again find slavery elevating the character of the citi.en, and protecting-government from the t.ie taint of Rtadicalisin. So, too, in the Republics 6f. modern Itally, a full participation in the rights of citizanship was denied to the menial class. But the relation of rnaster and slave not being recognized, social order and lib erty were overthrown by the antagon ism of sections. The last effbrt for ropublican government in Germany was signalized by the abclition of pre, dial bondage, and it died in its very birth. But the most striking instance in modern times of the essentiality of slavery to republics, are France and the Northern States of this Union." Whether such sentiments as we have Sgiven in tire extracts made from Mr. Taiber's speech are insulting to public opimion, indicatimg a wannt of trut knowledge on tire subiject of populai education, and leading to tyranny over the workinig classes--whethrer thev art against hruman liberty, in opposition to repueblicanristm, to civilization atnd the spirit of thre age-we leave every man to determiin for himrself. But Mr. TAnaR says he is in favor of popular education. What does h< mean by popular education? Not, thai miserable system of reading and writ itig obtained at thre Coimmoni Schools and whichn has produced tire rowvdynes of thre North'? By rio meians. Uni notion of popular education is that o Athens, where thre masses were instrue ted orally, ars our Negroes are taurght He would have popular education t< conisist, in the language of Presiden TruoUN wLL, of "popular aiddresses, for ensic arguments, purblic lectures, con tact wvith able anrd gifted nmen, theratric ad representations; paintings and taonu umnents." All this mnay be very good butt it is certainly a great misnomer t< - call it popular education. Therei >now no popular' education withrou a reading anid writipg. The art oft print irng has entirely chanrged tihe whole the - ory of education. since the daya of thn A thentians, A man miight go and hea CalhIourn arnd -McDullio makn speeche a to thre entire neglect of Iris shops or i - ibilds, 'rnd he would atill lhe air uniedt. ,cated manr, Wi fe could nreithe-r read~ 110 t write. This sort of educajtion m make him, thre blind follower of a n houn and McDufie, una the ,Athrrnan 3 were of.their crrators; hut. it wourid ne nmake hun aseholar or an independen' a thrinker, aswounld.be done by reaidini :t booksa. lii wonld becom. .as.ni fe