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Y 4 r ;; i 'the ordmar to of:17i '7"l " i I vr ttt ''thihns ttott tnne ty). 411 1 135 n k . ltn the t rh ioi r ;it nrtl in etwc*e nI >' j7 { ,," ! 1Vf"J t of V t ~'aO t tiC8tr31rL t c iypikvn fb outh ofv;",ansl-lo fib,, OR hern"ever the" 10ho1e ea ihn( tcoi tilc ro#pff <<;yfit t fo other, for ti1C,, = 4"rs" r* _,'' toftgeli ; to- Nil nih, the the " forijif seti tcwc rF, i?}tf;:a tigiiterestCl patriotistn j tt : _' _1' c dt{'t t 10. Thole the ie p i pt? f;1or. ers sdrrk '' tit . . " 1-i # a as, ,an,- 11T, ., F ,' : !h '' t ppeat o i tho pi rties that .. :. t i : a; tl eli _ 'on prSs3111 (1 r~ $ 4 t eirlaoh+.'. erb tliei'v In msession , lick; n(1 (linvlt . ;}Q ii4t ' " tK. Llti ,'n 01.6 r.former, q.:.norco , to '' ". t finance: ' :Ilit 'boL: this' as it _ Lh ,1 Srnetic 1Tat'd' tlirn d i ". 5 t,, v . *t nYVA O.i P.PCn re$p vtci1r fldeod .the act'itself:"was':unautlor. .:1 Jic '-arltcl gt' f t:un'1'c:clorntidn ;;#1 t rl'o'i ,( $ tiIow o auth r t St 4 to p si the ordinance s '1s dndttted ,<tiy Mr.:' Madison'; " tfi thfs tiiitttltbt izr. i, Y ono-sided + ; ; a.4 *t 11aa'; turn 41;''.ou z.to,.be ) Tx T"B Qug t 1 ie last motiic lls,;, f the dcitraC . was" relied -on as to ceUen for -excluding " the, South -r t 1'tnb" ltiras? 'off the territory rpnce.,rS "byl t1he { , o.u l n strcaty, sand 'tlto - 'whole !:of the 4 e"on territory; and is now Fklt 9 rrt: cmar ccr;, ,JtQWQ%~oz nedossaw;gthateirnagta b .a first toJ' %W'hittfiigr been" di ne annot "ifft]ifts; o .' figgiglibrit' be. oen tho'wo secuotis 'on)jas icon peiinanertIlbdestrye:ib.y. th.te 6as uh;azboven :stautedl-' The'K orthern ;c tig jj idunfis iict, N-ll cute oneentratait iQlf the two ma. e~l fdjyb ,".Qu:!!) tlGVernreetnt i Qmposod;4and sho a1 the Southeni, 6'ixexitlcd'frotiv idell -triitoriesn plew huit or tdUi he hftbri iquired Wi I O M 414. >e do eicdedl.a akrance in they Government anrd he Unioirnas to, be able to :mould ho: Constuntiot to its T'leasure. 1gainst this, the restoration of the ederaI cbaracter of tho: Government att furnish ino'rened v.- So long as t continues therdeCn be no safety . the 2 waker section. It 'places itl o .hands of the strcnger and ostile section, the.: power to crush LeTr n Jl herhinstitutions; -and leaves a nriiitive but to" resist, or ink dQ\u, 1to9 colonial congition. lits imust .bo ;the 'consequenceo,.if oine cffecturil and appropriato eind lyhe' n tpld, ,the nty p~ tlosc tsease is sgeh, hat nothing can reach it, short of om-obrgand chinge .a, a change flith _8sha;ll-8-s6i odify the' Con ftyutLn,.t$199 gkvo to the wenkor ection,- in some-one form or another, negativo on, thonction of the Gov. rnment. Nothing short of this can roteet.? the 'weaker," and restore tun:\v " d tranquility to the oli y ar sfing, efleettilly, tlie endency of,, the. dominant and tronger' section. to oppress . the x6nker. When, the Cons itution inetiinit ' tinpression was istLlenil Jei to . oQFiit mnista e; -ad thint, instead "of being, vs Sr thoiyh 'supposbd, the conflict is ieeen .1ie . two. great sections, wlhichanre- so strongly distinguished by their 'institutions, geographical dharabier i-odiuctions and pursuits. ital this beens then as clearly per qgived as., it. now is, the san jealousy .whih so vigilantly watched ngainst the danger of the larger States oppressing the smaller, woukl have taken. equal precaution tc guard against the same danger be tween the two sections. It is fo us, who see and feel it, to do, what tle frani-s of the Constitution wouhl have done, t:ad - they possessed the knowledgen- this rsripect,. whicb espyriencoh 'as gives us; that is provide against the dangers which the system has practically developed --ritid which, had they been forescer adh'e tune, and left without guard would undoubtedly hav prevented the States, forming I Southerr section of the confederacy, froir ever Agreeing to the Constitution: adwhich, under like circumstances were they niow out of, would for evel prevent them from entering into, th< Union.' 'IIowv;tlhe constitution could hecs be modified, so as to eff'ect the object qan only be authoritatively deter mined by the amecnding .power. Il may "be done in vanouos ways Athong others, it might be effectei through a re-organization of the ex pautive department; so that its powers instead 'of- being vested, as they nov arfna single officer, should hb vested in two;-to be so elected, a that tho two should be constituted the s pechad organs ansd representatives o th'a'resjictive sections, in the ex ceutivo *epartment of the gov ernent;. pad requiring each t< approve all the-acts of Congress be for' they shall become laws. On i~lht be charged with the adin istration of matters connected with tho foreign relations of the country3 and. tho other, of sneh as wert connuectod with its domestic institu tiotis;the selection to bo decided ha lot. It would thus efl'eet, morn s'unily, Avhat was intended by th< mrgmnal -provisions of the constitution frpida a a docide epllege,--and aort $$ re *o, ' Qio in thu hUe colleg fledi to-dl Ohce t. It -wn dodgeotaeqi ilibrium be mi this d6Partment. hat 'which in practice, has enttirel tilpd; and .9 bt ai fazl~u , toxntvaoh to fisturbi uho iwhioleos atme' and lto ;bri bout thes eptlei ie'uns t0 Eeoft . t odilid bot e. mmi ta great istake, i constitdtit ainijde. iitead1 oi''a ,oultcd ihelnr a sir1e ,chief sagistrato-.nvested with alle the powerv f nyt ilgithe c tl e Alq 1 rimefit of the,. Gov. t6nj ;s trresidentis con faI hIkvitl the permanence of a popular gove tent; especially in1 a wepithy and popileus nthmittnity, withi arge revenie and a numerous heoy. of officers and employees. Certain it.is, that there'is no istantice of a poytlai goernmint so conistitu ted, yhich lins long cnduk. Even: ours, thus far, furnishes ino.eidthces in its fa-or, andinotea little'agani st it; or ,to it, thep resnt/ disturbod and dhnderb itnte of tings1 .wrhic threatens the countrywith monarchy, or disumion, may be justly attributed. On the othe' hand, tiie- t onidsk dis tinguished'cristituttiomii genpients of antiquity, both in respect to per manenco and power, had- a dual ex. ecutivo. I refr to-those of'Shita 'nnd of Koine I Tie former tad' two hereditary,npd, the latter two-elec tive chief nagistratcs; It: is -true, that :England ,from "which -ours, in this respect , ig piedd iuis ..a ingle horeditary head of the executive-de .partmrnt of..her government; bhut it is not less' true, that'she has htidma ny' and arduotisatru r eff#o provent her lhief- hintgiaeto freml, eicornimi absolute;. acin;atto-guard againet it effectually, 1o0-. avas -fite'ly com. :tled tol divest h6"n-_ t nfifly oif the ioweyrof. U{lniutering :i o0-. , ce' i es. Rupplorte( y unn.njority of the two houses of Parliament. She has thus avoided the danger of the chief magistrate hecnmingt absolute; and contrived to uite .substaiztially, a "'i1iith a plural exccntive, in -constituting that dcepartnient of her government. We have no such guard; and can have none such, without an entire change in the character .of our government; and her example of course, furnishes no evidence in favor of a single chief mnagistrato in a popular form of government like ours-while the ex amples of former times,-and our own thus far, furnish strong evidence against it. " But it is ob jected that a plural executive necessarily leads to intrigue and discord among its members; and that it is inconsistent with promapt and efficient action. This may be true, wMen they are all elected by the same constituency; and may be a good reason, where this is the ease, for preferring a single executive, with all its objections, to a plural execu tie. But, the case is very different where they are elected by different constiuecncies--having~ conilic ting and hostile interests ; as would- be thc fact in the case under consideration. t ere the t wo woul have to aet, con , curringly, in approving the acts of Congress-and, separately', in the ; ephere of their respectiv-e depahfrt .rents. The cffect, in (lie latter case, would lbe, to retain all the advan - tages of a single executiv'e, as far ,as the admiinistration of the laws Swere concerned, and, in the formner, to imsure harmony and1 contord he ; tween the two sections, and, through them, in (lhe governmnent. F'or as r no act of Congress could become a -law without the assent of the chief magistrates representing both sec. tions, each, ini the elections, woul cheoose their cnndidate, who, in addi tion to being faithful to its interests, - would best command the esteem and confidence of the other section. And thus. the presidential election, inistad of (dividing the U~nion into hostile geographiical parties, the strenger struggling to enlarge its powers, and the weaker to defend its rights-as is now the case-would becomeo the means of restoring harmony and con cord to the country and tihe govern I ment. It would make the Union a I unicon in truth-a bond of mutual i flection and brotherhood; and not a mere co:nectionz used by the stronger as the inatrument of' dominion and R grandisement-and submitted to by the weakdr 'only froin tho linoring re manins(fre attii ndh 'ading Ihope' of'. hoin ~~o1o restore the government to whtt It wae m. the baracter n:of o'e { 9 pons 1a 4 9' e. ato population; and, ot'6 t<ncn =cery detniett of th iiment. 'Tdythen. cainot; bpi'oi an apt yhi~eh equir - renosof totii Congress or -two- thirdst ' tl ates aide -ty, concrumnd i be dif.fici:sinsiritvi 9o4g h the weukeseidn g t the Ctone uectio 'taei Til ., ~a haCnqlesfo ro nd o ettio ' nayte anae n thel Staten tho respnondsibili t opyi f ngtl hih poer iwe' fn . apply tho et ainedy;%l e o;" horn~ nth coe ens th oi i Wh'trer' eo attet i 'a the1 tpe allvaegard it's n th retedy; C = a very l ever satisfied d ww Indeed, we hoai dao time a dissolution of the nion from the Compromise, alth e think that measure would -heroinustid fled it o suplposed tha f Itv more Southprn State ar ha delarel their determination to sCeedo unless. the Comnpromise ws abandowed, and the territorial rights' of the-South re spected, 'that the .Fddra Govern mnent would have receded. And-we think the South has committed an ir retrieveablo iunder in not making that issue. As fur South Carolinai, her position remnains widely different from that of the other Southern States, She is still pledged to se cession whilst the Comipromis&'co dures, but reserves to herself tho do termination of the time and mode in future, but is eady to act whenever the cooperation of another Stato is obtained. ihus, one State of the Union has been thoroughly alinented, and very poinrful minorities in several othdrs. And many of thu Southern States profess to bie ready fr a disruption on the occurrenie cs further aggre-. sions, which probably will occur. It is needless to repeat what we have aften said, (particularly now, after what has transpired,) that we have very'little confidence in these disrup. tive pledges. Certainly, iff the Corn promise cano he not only endured, but accepted " griefutilly," honorably, cheerfully, loyally, there is littleea son to expect resistance in half a do en supposale ca of ihr inferior eorinedy. flut the most impotant results of thc late discussions is, the develone ment of a large anl powerful body'of men who have tho sagacity and ide. pendence to calentate the value of the U~nion, not only financially, but politically, socially, and morally; and who aro ready 'to not according to their convictins. TIhis party is~ not predonminant in any Statc but South Carolina. But it is much more pow erful than any of tno parties was or. iginally that asserted what are now the settle~d doctrines of the country on its most important interests. The present systenu of currency and tax. ation wei'e at the boginning (and that only about eightecn or twenty years ago,) much less supported by numbers or talent. And. it isr. markablo that they originated in' the very rzion tnd among the very sdrt of mon who now assert the rights t tho South. Anid it is remnarkable thiat they wero thon dlenouuiced by~ the very sameo men that are now for') sortion of Southdrn rights, and h y u T K MOO 3 ,fit #t .,, tsr ers-:s ri ,P = W;} Rss r , c , " Mi . to g' do' gcir, ta us in t xo- tud ,ally i !1$r0 t> " it un .s a >,. gt iai1g ' p: re 4. . jQre .pa p f t fan r e*s , Co udr ia! " t, st A by artC'- : i 1 x= e apclttnu, a e cxpeii1e ' iarcX: s, WITS I a f r...,r - ^'; ,c.h" :.1.ry rs' :>;t"'f !"s. i;aMtS ^R0 P "' too"co b dt 'mcnt '' r '' { p 4p l 1St tshca i ahc co tn e aig , a rs :_ t " . " ,, ,old . t . ,ntc } k .r , ture tof t ffc t6? 'b'I nd1 iq I o di% . j ping irfiit h t rr "' o freight . , . c urr ri lt}iowan > Cotton, ana'a"con d' tgnanf ty of; Rice: Andy y ; it i i r fiicilities; artiQleat - thin New"Yor# n"cl '.f hc'obje t of WO, z rip t s derst a ci is to a cnrO cnri ts'in at est bp,, Soutltor of ts; ? tbe'tiaef 1i its, tho' other aide be t t+ ' , t"ance al Ai i 6' wi ' y }:,f x CVgn f Q[ - Y . ,l A. r 1 L h Arkily ugg i the. n1 e'ptlao :If:l=nhtly t t rOt Attenr grsatiy to . to . i co monk, npd enable , Cshaxlc tpn r 3,e Cw ". a h tho 'r( ' .r] {'"rirra4 ,"a,.i,, tea a f+ [{+' - R,}111}1 dEa4 f4 i1 ! Y tj "7 p - w, t ' f i}; pry<7 . , , ill' Idl{ 7 at i i i ( : , j iyk f4f 14 r-r, 7 k _ ya v _ r, . VIC \ Trfti f lyilec -cif , ' 11 + I"I'{t 7 Y\xRtfyyL Y1tgl"k' ,,.4t t +. '", 1 "s,' .. al{1T .a 7!yi t 1 j- 1 1 ) 11 .! r !) 11 I- ',r w r y 1 11 I / ikl J ' ' 1d - qty r n l a II 1 r. / 1.1 r .r i 1 .4 " t 1 f i. I { i t 5 v-'Nit ..: t1 I .t k , 7 q'i .,.E ",,. } ti,, rl ti. St Zf Yt ay ' .1 suit ,1 , r 74' i, I CR S "r..,} i "r awr '! + S 4B is a dd I r .: ,CAB t:r. 1+, r "'640i, to Inll. -aakfi Rr' -^/tAW Yi ' J3JC4.w .;fir '.t Y Ys 'Xi " "A %" gip. , :. n fn ' 'n: thb: 00 S., y.et:::F r.o thu Ail. tbi t -fa ln'yrto: tIPQ R AV] y' Cl !!O(+ o. 1111hii in,' #trtl ' a letaa'Ybf tho,' C 1130; 17CE' , O { w 1#3. P , hut..iE n.q a rs4t ? l natic ,hts ,pmljlacg,.kt;fi; 1,.., r" AYc starti totc ttttt l om t it Ocoa p .Illitoi . r l' 7, }1111C'9. Y.+1 rid..he cv cJon 1y: tlll}ils .Ulat tl are cauTdt bt# n '#; 1atlia : # f fat;d3tL0t I 9 : ", , ." 4' . :s 1 + R,$ t' o ; t, ear h : pr.ckitt tai 't el . t'gr': di c ufi gehiJ Irap4 n upbr'tt (int : iR ntra r ti4eeant a n&cohnin Ye if 'rti l deg doe as (lie rom se, tl = itn3 u. of.public, rnncrdamlit p jAatta'ni! ao'loty as' rLoanyitoiotlte 7; # ud t o : itofla ? eluirncter, "t < xo t ; it oonCt . lit Qmi ,pry -cq#rajU .;; d U eat nid ,e ry ,EUE r Bt i 7 hw;i } 1 ' 11 fO tho tIt for t suc awQi t 1, i , 1ia 0 "A' ;V Ott 1 ' Ibgti . iho:.' to IV I c, e f n " destroy t to Ito pultlo in= d :ul 'tt QW 8 outb,,j }l8'}. j ;nth a :of'sp9liation on. the soa boiu'J St oe'af tho;North :But<. hatov r' r a Mob, h tbo the decline b4,;a ortcd, :or ' . t;?r . t pro a i ti ith:Q .slow.:,or:rsipid roaree;< a the " duty'znd- interes ofall rtirhO bawo . r'inei' Flo :an '; i ogel' ,Uirld count ,ltd<aun, "" uru tof qn honest 1 41ia a cca. !o , such "abilitIliern party passes9es it itrt;: treh" tial' qifrct,: chan.d f a,,: , 4 p a { .. ,:1':Qtre, to Georgia, , e111 ;, rdsMit ppi will -81416, of South Garro1'' "' dale sali? ,mod when those tittea an 'lion bat demand of the Fed raf Gorernmeint, that. derna l, h .11b respectedu . As for. die ;'lute raili ;pinto : SV ICt the -I- I elk.