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? v t-SJVW*WWM'^IM <TI)c Comkn Journal. VOLUME11. "" CAMDENTSQUTH-CARQLINA, MAY7, 1850. yUMBER36*. Poetical Department. SING THAT SOXG AGAIN TO-NIGHT. Oh ! sing that song again to-night, The song ot other years; They'll bring again some past delight, T ???/l In foarc* ill SUIJ811IUC auvi 114 They guild the gloom of present cares? They tell of joys to come; Then sing the song of other years, Of friendship and of home! Oh! sing that song we used to sing, In youth's unclouded day, When like the birds of early s pring, We caroled hours away ) When life was like a rainbow beam? A ray ot golden lir!<?, A zephyr o'er a waveless stream? Au ocean ol delight. My heart is sad?then sing to mc The songs we loved so well, The pleasing Ihoughts they bring to rue No feeblp words can tell; But sing of pleasures and of pains, In some melodious lay ; And touch the lute to pensive strains? I would not have them gay. There is a pathos in thy voice? A sadness it) thy tone, That makes the wean- heart rejoice? A sweetness all thine own. Then sing the songs we love so well, And sing them o'er and o'er; I ever feel the magic spell Of those sweet songs of yore. ?a??? ?? silt n n iHisrellaneous Department. | SERENABE IN NORTH CAROLINA. Not a thousand years ago and not very mnm t.hnh n. thousand miles from here, (Wiudsor, N. C.,) lived a young lady, the ! daughter of very plain country folks, who had ! just returned home from a boarding school? I having finished her education. Her residence I was on the western bank of a "little river" in this county. The period of which time I write was September. Between the family mansion and the water's edge, was a five acre potato patch? The roots were cultivated in hills and the vines were luxuriant. On the opposite side ot the river, quite a numlter of young gentlemen lived, who were ! noted for gallantry. Their devotion to the i sex- nan uiauceu uiem w umu; uiui ut,w>?|???ments in the forming of a serenading band. The return of the young lady referred to, afforded them an opportunity of doing the genteel. They accordingly met on a clear moonlight night, and each, furnished with his musical instrument, betook themselves to their boat to give a musical treat to the ~ fair returned." With muffled oars they noislesslv crossed the river and trained the beach. With stealthy | tread they approached the house at the hour ' of midnight, aud ranging themselves in line, at ! a signal from their leader, violin, flute, clario- j net, and trombone,ig one mighty blast, to the tune of" Dan Tucker," broke the stillness of j the night and the old folks' slumbers, The ; mother,screamed from from affright, and called to the daughter for an explanation of the uuusual noise?and was informed in reply that it was a " serenade!" Mistaking the reply, flew to the old man, who a little deaf, was sit- j ting bewildered at the music, to him confused j Knnnrls. 'Hie wife's report " they are cannonading as ^satisfied hitn.' He flew to tlie gun-rack and taking down old u blue trigger," hurried down stairs and aroused the house. Meanwhile the j'otrng lady stood at her window with the curtain half drawn, drinking the melody as was wafted up. The hoys, innocent as Sir Isaac's dog Diamond, of the mischief the}* had made, were laying themselves out upon th^ last variation, when at twenty feet distance, the old man shoved around the corner with his old musket, aud drew the trigger. She did not shoot, but the fire rolled, bright as fulling meteors. A stampede of electric suddenness took place?the "leader" of the band leading in a v I* 1 . x i* 11 1 f? I DCO lino ior me ooai, louuweu 111 cuiinuenu- i able nearness by his company. They hurried j in the start, bat the repeated efforts of the old | man to get his " piece off," increased their ef- j fort at speed?and a call by him for a "chunk ] of -fire" to tonch the "priming, told still more, j 'i*? r.j.?L ii t..? i I XlWy wrgui UIt5 jfUWtU'U nm-o, mill diivii <i j scene of confusion was never witnessed. Headlong thej fell, and at each fall, the sound ol broken fiddle strings or battered drums, foretold the death of that hand. Heltor skelter, rolling crawling and stumbling along, they gained the waters edgo and their boat?and such pulling -men-of-war's men might have learned something from them then, i he vines so impeded the old man's progress, that no did not reach the bank with his ' chunk" till the ennnonaders were out of gun shot, and he returned well satisfied that bis timely appearance and courageous manner had achieved the salvation of bim and his. In the nicloe the old lady flew " for safety and succor," whence phe could not be found that night. Next morning she was discovered under the wheat barn, /tad, after many assurances that the can jionailers were roiitcu, was perviuieu upon to .come forth. All the parties to the frolic- are bo soro upon the subject, that we dare not mention it?and I would not havo them to-know that I had written this for the drowry of the girl an 1 herself Jo boot, "Yew trees tire the longest lived o" any other j hi Europe, lliere js one ac nrao.i.io in me county ot'Kent, England, which is ..Mowed to be 3000 yanrs old. The old EnglU.j yeomen made their bows of thy yew tree. Lord Erskine, speaking of animals, hesitating to call" them brutes, hit upon that happy i phrase?'the mute creation/?Coleri<l?e, Pkncillkp Passagk.?Every animal lias its enemies. Tlic land tortoise has two enemies, man and the Boa-constrictor. The.natural defence of the tortoise is to draw himself up in his shell, and to remain quiet. In this state, the tiger, however famished, can do nothing with him, for the shell is too strong for a stroke of hi- paw. Man, however, takes him home and roa>ts him?and the boa-constrietor swallows him whole, shell and all, and consumes hint slowly in the interior, as the Court of Chancery ?i <rri>.*it estate.?Si,d Smith. "vvw " c A New Dance.?All polka-dom will bo delighted to learn that a new dance was produced at the ball of the late Turkish ambassador, recently given at Paris. It is an emblematical dance called the "months," performed by twelve ladies and gentlemen, and a correspondent of the New York Express gives an account of it: 'January was dressed hi a prince palatine, wrapped in a sable. April wore a lilac crape dress with two skirts, the upper one looped up af short spaces by bunches of lilac; on her head she wore a wreath of viulcts. February wore a black velvet doublet flashed with namecolored gauze,'cut in such a way as to represent flames, and on his breast the arms of the city Havre, the Salamander which Jives in the tire. His lady was May, a lovely young woman with a dress which seemed made entirely of butterflies' wings, and whose fair forehead was cov ered with-a wreath or (hornless roses, iwarcn wore the tire ss of* a farmer, with a plough and rake embroidered on his breast, and he danced with June, whose green silk dress was trimmed with moss roses and little bunches of strawberries. September was dressed as a hunter, with bis game bag at bis side. August was very beautiful as a young vine dresser, with her white dress trimmed with bunches of grapes; and hcrliead wreathed with yine leaves.' It is added that the effect was so pleasing that the dancers were compelled to keep on their feet all night to satisfy the admiration of the spectators." Benefits of Advertising.?Some five years ago, a young man l?y tlie name of B , started a small dry good store in a little brick house, which he rented on Fourth street, Cincinnati, with a capital of less than two hundred dollars. Half of his profits the first three months he paid out for advertising in the daily papers of said city. By selling cheap, and by letting the people know where he was, crowds came to purchase of him, which enabled him to make ready sales and quick returns. Thus lie has continued, and now that same Mr. B , is the proprietor of a largo wholesale warehouse in Cincinnati, and is worth upwards of twenty thousand dollars.?Etchangc, A (toon Aitktite.?My dear," said an affectionate wife to her husband, who bad been sick for several days, "when you were well, you wore in the habit of eating twelve apple dumplings?now that you are sick, how many shall I make for you <" " Well," replied the lnisbaml, ' I reckon you may make eleven to-day; but be particular and J make them a Utile larger than usual." The wife obeyed. When the husband had eaten the eleven, witii j the exception of half a one, his little son, a lad of some six summers, came up to him and said. " Daddy, give me a little piece." " Co away, sonny," replied the father," your poor dad's sick." Know tup. Fhpncic.?Thirtv "rains of beau - .. - - --- c> tv, which constitute the perfect woman. Three tilings while: The skin, the teeth, and the hands. Three hlack: The eyes, the eye-brows, and the eye-lashes. Three red: The lips, the cheeks, and the nails. Three long: The body, the hair, and the j hands. Three short: The teeth, the ears, and the ; feet. Three wide or large: The cheek, the fore-! head, and the space between the eye brows. Three small or narrow: The month the waist, and the ancle. Three plump; The arm, the leg, and the calf of the leg. Three delicate or fine: The fingers, the hair, and the lips. Three small: The head, the chin, and the ' nose In'AbimtV oV Icnokasck.?How many men | rich in physical energy, stand with folded and idle hands, because they are poor in knowledge! i 1. - I 1 1.1 .1 1 l.^:? i it'll such <i man wuai no mhuiih ?. <>, ?um ?< i.-? ready and willing to act. He is uncertain, be-' cause ho caiiiK>t make out which of two plans he should choose, lie is negligent, only because he is ignorant of what he ought to do, or of how it may best be done. Or if, in his physical impatience, such a man rushes forward he fails to reach his aim, he is deficient in the materials for successful action. Ilow often do we see the energy of one man illy or wrongly directed, because he knows too little of wcat lie ongages in, while, under the guidance of knowledge, another is observed to be a sure stride in advance. - A single thought is that which it is from other thoughts, as a wave of the sea takes its form and shape from the waves which precede and follow it.?Coleridge. All men in power are jealous of the preeminence of men of letters; they feel conscious of inferior nnwer. and a sort of niisiiivimr that r ' - - / 4 w w they are, "indirectly, and against their own will mere instruments and agents ot'higher intellect." lb. Faith, like the rainbow, is adorned with three colors: charity, hope, and long-suH'ering. political Department. SPEECH OF IION. DANIEL WALLACE, of south carolina, In the House, of Representatives, April 8,1860, In Committee of the "Whole on the slate of the Union, on the President's Message cornmuni- ' eating the Constitution of California. [concluded.] Tiie great scheme of non-extension is the j means l\y which all this is to be accomplished. : The majority are united upon this policy.? ' There are now thirty States in the Union. Delaware may be classed with the North, with i whom she fraternizes and acts. The North ' have now, therefore, thirty-two Senators, and i the South twenty-eight; and in the popular | branch of the Government, the North have a . majority of forty-four Representatives. Let us now look, for a moment, at the state c .1 1*1 * i* *1 oi tilings which must prevail, it tne tree-sou scheme be carried oul. It is avowed that no more slave States shall be admitted into the Union, and that all the territorial districts shall be brought in as free States. If this be done, the inequality which now exists between North and Soutlt will be increased to an extent that will utterly destroy the balance of power be- j tween the two sections, pud place the South at j the mercy of the North. 1 hold in my hand the 3d vol. Executive documents, 2d session 30th Congress, which con I tains an appendix to the annual report of the Commissioner of the (leneral Land Oiiiee. By an examination of this report, it appears that the territorial districts of the United States contain a geographical area of 1,801,070 square miles. Of this vast extent of country, 202,- j 729 square miles lie south, and 1,599,247 north i of the line of .'10? 30' north latitude. The ' .State of Ohio is a large average State, and ! contains, in round numbers,40,OOOsquare miles. ! If, then, the State of Ohio be taken as the basis 1 of calculation, tliis territory will bo found equal 1 to forty-six States as large as Ohio. Of these J States, six lie south, and forty north, of the j Missouri compromise line. If the question now i before the country was settled on the basis of the Missotu i compromise?but which the North refuses to do?-the North would have territory enough for forty new States, and the South, six. Tire resolutions by which Texas was admitted into the Union, provide, that four more States j may, with the consent of Texas, ho formed out of the territory of that State. This gives the South territory sufficient for ten new States; hut if the freesoil scheme he carried out, then the North will have territory enough for fortysix new States, which, added to the old States, will make their whole number sixty-two States, while the South will have but eighteen. This monstrous scheme of fraud and impoCliiftll till* linoc nnf cfnr\ liurn Tf - 1 * " "Wk * has connected with it another scheme, to dismeinbor Texas, in order to restrict slavery, and swell the number of free States. Tiie majority have assumed that the boundary of Texas in f tfie South does not extend beyond the River Nueces, and that the country lying between that river and the Rio (1 rande belongs to the United Stales. This country contains an area of o'2,01S square miles, and i? therefore larger than the State of Pennsylvania. My limits will not permit me to outer in detail | into the merits of this boundary question, ami I will only remark that, in my judgment, the light of Terms to the Rio Grande, as her southern and western boundary, and which was in fact and in law established by the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, can be shown to the satisfaction of any court of justice in the United States.? This assumption of the majority, groundless as i it is, constitutes an important element in the abolition policy, it has a deep and portentous meaning. Tiie territory to which this claim is set up, extends to the Gulf of .Mexico. If the majority can succeed in annulling the claim of Texas to this country, and admit it into the Union as a free .State, thev will thereby perfect ....i "n... ...: I1V II ilVMU ;*L?ILiIIL. 1 IIU till^ration of African slaves along the gulf shore, will lie cut off, and the cordon, to which the member from Pennsylvania alluded with so I - 4* t J ? S A 1 A 1111 murn sansiaetion, win 1:1 met ne e.xienueu an arouiul ii-; Mr. Chairman, I am tloej.-ly impressed with the I'oiniction that tiiis picture is not overdrawn. 'l'o this result, this great dovelnpemesit in the history of the country has been slowly, but surely tending, ever since the enactment of the ordinance of 1787. This tendency was slow at first. Time is required to 'ill irponl i?'i*iii'r<u in tlm iu<A(ri*..w<o mtil v ??* ??.< ^ic.n v?i.h.0v.j 1?? HIV pi v^uco turn iind destinies ,.f .Statf.s and Empires. The apparent cessation of this tendency, which took place between the time of the enactment of the ordinance of 17N7 and the Missouri compromise, was hut tin.' time rcipiired for the growth of the new States; and time only is required now to accomplish the event. The wisest of ....... .. #!.? r.v-m-itiiiii /if flii* (i/ivurn. IMIi .^Ull I, <ll, IUV MMIIIUMWM ?. inent, never saw as deep into flit' future a.s the present hour. Hut time has removed the veil which hid the present from tiieir eves, and he is blind indeed who cannot see now where this national development must end. The ordinance of 17M7 constituted one epoch in the history of abolition development. The Missouri I compromise constituted a second, and was ! brought about by the progressive increase of i the population of tin* northwest; and it is the further increase of the population, which how extends from the Atlantic, to the Pacific ocean, which lias brought on the straggle in which the two sections are now engaged, and which constitutes the third great epoch in its history. Prom the beginning until now, the non-extension policy has been gathering strength, as the population of the Past, North and West increased, and we now rapidly approach the final result. All doubt and mystery in reference to the object and tendency ot slavery restriction, have passed away, and, freed from all disguises, the question now stands before us in all its importance and magnitude. New States are growing up all around us, and the majority have declared in advance, that slavery shall be excluded from them all. This tide of population?indoctrinated as it is with hostility to the institutions of the South, bv lessons taught, from infancy to old age, in the nurseries and primary schools, by fulminations from the forums of Abolition societies, by religious teachings from a thousand pulpits, and by the circulation of incendiary papers through the mails?is pouring into the territories of Minnesota, Nebraska, Oregon, Deseret, California, and New Mexico. Some of these districts are ! ?i.; j ?u i._ | now UhhiiJg ;iumi>^iuu, iinu an win n;uii ou incorporated into the Union. And as each new State is added, a reinforcement of Senators and Representatives will join the majority, making the inequality which now exists between the two sections, still greater, and placing iTin "the power of the North to carry on the abolition scheme, without cheek or hindrance. 1 come now to the bill on your table, for the admission of California into the Union as a Suite. This bill is designed to effect another great step ift the progress of abolition, and if passed, cuts off the South from the Pacific ocean for ever. It is here, without precedent or example in the history of this Government. Why is this? Why all haste to bring this remote province into the Union H9 a State? Wliv is this Government called noon to ab.m- i don the practice which has prevailed, without material change, tor nearly seventy years? It will be remembered, that when the Union was formed, the United States, in their federative character, did not own a foot of land upon this continent. The public domain was owned by individual States, under grants from the British crown. In 1780, the Congress passed a resolution recommending to the several States to cede their unappropriated lands to the United States. In October of the same year the Congress passed another resolution, in which it was Resolved, That the unappropriated lands that may be ceded or relinquished to the United States by any particular State, pursuant to the recommendation of Congress, shall bo disposed of for the common benefit of the United States. Agreeably to this recommendation, Virginia, in March, 1784, ceded to the United States the territory northwest of the Ohio river. In April following, resolutions for the government of this territory were passed, which were superseded by the ordinance of 1787, which ordinance continued of force until it was rendered inoperative by the admission into the Union of the States formed out of the Northwest Territorv. The State of Ohio was admitted in 1S02, having been governed as a territory eighteen years. The State of Indiana was admitted in lam in;..r.;3 ...... isa? Wisconsin in 1845, having been governed as territories thirty-two, thirty-four, fifty-three, and sixty-one years, respectively. These dates refer back to the resolutions of 1784. At intermediate periods, nets were passed by Congress, granting them the power to form local legislatures for their government?the acts of such legislatures to he subject to the approval of Congress. The States of Alabama and Mississippi are formed from territory ceded to the United States by South Carolina and Georgia. TI... ..? \i; i?i-y 1 111.- k. 1<UU Wl (lUUIHll U lit lUi ? , and Alabama in 1811), both having boon long governed as territories. Louisiana was purchased of France by the treaty of Paris, in 1803, and the State of Louisiana was admitted in 18P2, after nine years of territorial pupilage. 1 doom it unnecessary to extend this examination. In what 1 have presented, the practice of the government, from 1784 until now, will be clearly seen. In all the cases mentioned, and in all other cases of the same kind, the President appointed the governors and judges of each territory, whose salaries were paid out of the public treasury of the United States. Prpnnr.'ilnrv fi\ flti? niInitc*.ifm nf tmicu Limln. ik's into the I'liion as States, Congress passed laws fixing their boundaries, directing a census of the inhabitants to be taken, authorizing each to meet in convention to Ibrin a State constitution, and prescribing the qualification of voters. In the case of Michigan, this rule was slightly varied, but which I will not stop to consider, for the reason that the case is not analogous to that now presented by California. Sir, why was this practice at first deemed necessary ? Been use the jurisdiction and sever- j l." ?i 11 a . . -ii... eiglHV, III UIIU UVtT Jill lilt'St' ILMTHOriill (USIIICIS, were conveyed to the United ?St:ites, by the respective deeds of cession, and Congress was therefore hound to exercise jurisdiction over them, that they might he disposed of, tor the common benefit of the I nited States, and there- I by fullil the pledge made by Congress in the j resolution of 10th October, 1780. By the treaty of Ciuadaloupe Hidalgo, the territories of California and new Mexico were ceded to lite United States; and Congress is bound, for the same reason, to exercise jurisdiction over them, liy what authority, then, have the congregation of adventurers, from all nations, calling themselves tho people of California, entered upon these lands, and appropriated to themselves the mineral wealth they contain, j in derogation of tho rights of the United States? : By what authority have these trespasses upon j the public property met in convention, formed what they call a State constitution, and sent their Senators and Ronrpscntatives here, to ask i admission into the Union? IT they have the right, under these circumstances, to ask admission, have they not the same right to ask admission into the Union of Mexico, or annexation to the British empire, and thus to wrest this vast! territory out of your hands, and place you under the necessity of reconquering it? Have they not, in setting up tnese pretensions without authority from Congress, committed an act of manifest usurpation, disregarded your just authority, and taken from Congress the right to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over California?. If they be remanded to the territorial condition, may they not declare their independence of this Government, and form political connection with >1 niT /vf!?o? fliniT rnn If Tr J - u.iurt uicj umj ticv# < ii II1C UUC" trine of thejibsolute sovereignty of the inhabitants of a territory, previous to a grant of power to thein*I>y the General Government to form a State, which is the basis of this movement,, he true, do not these results clearly follow?? And is it not equally clear, that if it be true,. Congress has no jurisdiction over them, and all acts heretofore passed by Congress for their government, have been bat so .many acts of usurpation? The error of all this doctrine is this: The fact is overlooked, that there is a period, during which the inhabitants of a territory donot possess the attributes of sovereignty. Will it be asserted that the conquered inhabitants of / ^ l!f i l ? I . .1 . v^ainoruia were vesica wiin aosoiure sovereignty the day after the execution of the late treaty with Mexico, by which that territory was acquired? If so, is it not clear that the United States purchased only. under the rule of cace/U emptor, and, therefore, took nothing by the . treaty? At what time, then, since the execution of the treaty, did the inhabitants of California acquire the attribute of sovereignty? The true doctrine upon this subject was laid down bv .Mr. Lowndes, while acting as chairman of the committee, to whom was referred, the constitution of Missouri. Jo his report to the House of Representatives, he said : "in this view the committee are confirmed. . by a consideration of the embarrassments and disasters which a difTerent course of proceed; ing might sometimes produce. When a people arc authorized to form a State, and do so,, the trammels ol their territorial condition fall off. They have performed the act which makes them sovereign and independent." This single paragraph, from the records of past legislation, explodes the political solecism, which has lately received too much attention, iu both ends of this Capitol, and to which the gentleman near me, from Ohio, (Mr. Disnev.) on a late occasion, brought much ability to little effect, by trying to prove a proposition which has no foundation, either in reason or truth. The doctrine of absolute sovereignty in tho inhabitants of a territory, in every petty province of a mother conntry, is repugnant to all past history. Were these States, as colooies, invented with it, while subject to the British crown? Are the existing provinces of that empire invested witfi it now? If so, the- sanio sovereignty resides in every bandit in the mountains, without the limits of a State; and, indeed, a condition of dependence cannot exist. T!i re mast bean act, by which the condition of political dependence is thrown off, and independence assumed. In our system, this act is performed by the permission, and under the direction of the mother country, according to certain rules and maxims. In other countries it is done by revolution. I return to the inquiry, why this haste of the inhabitants of California, to take upon themselves tiie burdens of self-government ? Why not enter into the territorial transition state, and let this tluvernment extend its protection over them, until they become owners by purchase of the lands they inhabit, and able to protect themselves, and hear the burdens of self-government ( Why not wait until the anarchy which prevails there now, sub-ides into organic order,, and their pretensions to the dignity and rights of an independent State, be founded upon rea soiiaMc grounds i The answer to all these questions is plain. The movement is that of the Abolition party. It is another step towards the ultimate abolition of slavery in the States. California comes here with the Wilmnt proviso-, in her so called constitution, and this is the reason this ?iet of usurpation is tolerated. Strike t'ae Wilmot proviso from her constitution, and her application for admission will be rejected in folly-eight hours. California comes here, too, miaunij a territory o? ioS,UU(J square miles?nearly equal in extent to four of tlio largest States in the Union, with nearly ?i thousand miles of sea-coast?all of which it is iutcndcd ti> erect into one State, ami the majority, in their zeal for non-extension, arc in haste to sanction this monstrous absurdity. Sir, when a dominant majority, intoxicated with the lust of power, are tiius hurried on, by a mad fanaticism, to the commission of acts like these, marked, as they arc, by a want of all political forecast, all prudent ami wise statesmanship, to an extent never stirnassed in anr * V age or country, upon what grounds can the' South hope lor an honorable and sate adjustment of this great question by this Government ? And yet, with all these facts before us, it is one of the darkest omens of the times, that southern statesmen are tendering compromises, in all of which the propositions are, to surrender evcrytning in dispute to the North, and put the rest in jeopardy. This is, in fact, but tho ceremony of holding out the white Hag of unconditional surrender to the conqueror. These compromises, ii adopted, would be, to give the enemy time to collect his forces, and exteml his parallels around us for t!u? d<><Msivi> ami to make the tinal defeat more disastrous anil mure signal, it is by ibis miserable policy of ottering lo take less than ike Constitution gives us, that the southern forces are divided, and the cause of the South broken down and ruined. It is an acknowledgment of weakness, and of inability to protect ourselves, which I repudiate and deny. Have tL compromises heretofore made, been respected and observed ? Have they stayed the baud of the aggressor? What compromise can be made more binding, that, will ftiimiiuniil wicnai.1 * ? " ? tVCj'VVl) WIUU tho Constitution? What compromise can bo made, that will not curtail the rights of tlio