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mtm ?wm?&.w itiDTrmmwiwm?* . 7 ""flBfe' r 4 -m . V j? . *\ *' ? - "**""* ????? , , VOLUME Mil. ' CIIERAW. SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUESDAY, JANUARY 10, 1843. NUMBER 9. By M. MACLEAN. Tb*ms:?PuUishad weekly at three dollars a year; with an addition, when not paid within throe months, of twenty por cent per annum. Two new subscribers inay take the paper at Ave dollars in advance; and ten at twenty. Four subscribers, not receiving their papers, in town, may pay a year's subscription with ten dollars, in advance. A year*.* subscription always due in advance. Papers not discontinued to solvent subscribers in arrears. Advertisements not exceeding 16 lines inserted f>r one dollar the first time, and fifty cents each ibsequont tune. For insertions at intervals of two weeks 75 cents after the first, and a dollar if the intervals are longer. Payment due in advance for advertisements. When the number of insertions is not marked on the copy, the advextisniiicnt will be inserted, and charged liil ordcrod out. ILrThe postage must be paid on loiters to the editor on the business of the office. From the Western Farmer and Gardener. AN ESSAY ON THE IMPORTANCE OF LIME IN SOILS.?NO. i. BT DAnil'S L\riIAM, CIVIL ENGINEER. The farm on which my father resides*, in Champaign county, in this State, lies in one of those lieautiful glades branching off northwardly from the rhain valley of King^s Creek, a large tributary of & Mad river. We came into possession of a part of the present farm in 1830. Previous to that time this part had been cropl" for many years with corn, wheat, &,c., without any regard to a rotation of crops, or the addition of manure, unlit the soil had Itccomu almost exhausted, or worn <mt, hy tit is constant drain upon its resources. Since it has been in our possession it lias been divided into rectangular fields, of nearly equal area, ar.d the * four crop" system has been pursued in the cultivation throughout, until each Held has had at least one crop of clover ploughed into the soil, and several of thein have had two crops of clover. Very little stable manure has been used ; Init ..?...,r it** farm afforded, such as ni<aibivi v>wv ? .? refuse straw, cornstalks, weeds, <fcc., have been added lb the soil as manure. Some few experiments have been made with gypsum, and also with leached ashes, hut to no great extent?sufficient, however, to show the l>encfil which clover derives From the applicat.on of these substances. The experiment was likewise made of the application of gypsum to Indian corn, by putting a small quantity in each hill at the time of planting, without producing any sensible etiect on the corn ;?hut two years afterwards, when the same field had been laid down in clover, the places where the gypsum had heen applied to the corn, became very conspicuous by the greater luxuriance and increased height of the clover at those places. Although by this system of manage ment tliere lias been an evident imptovc' ment in the fertility of the soil, on this part of the farm, since we have occupied ? it, still it cannot he called fertile, as it will not raise good wheat, and corn crops are below an average both in quantity and quality. Oats and barley seem to do better than corn or wheat; hut it is necessary that the soil should he rendered till more productive before we can expect to realize much profit from it. Dcnpairing therefore of restoring fertility by the means heretofore pursued, it has been an object of constant enquiry and research with me to ascertain the l?cst mode of increasing the productiveness and fertility of this part of the farm.? The first step in the improvement of any soil, is to obtain an accurate analysis of its component ingredients. Accordingly I sent a specimen of the soil, taken- from the middle of a cultivated field, to my friend, Dr. J. L. Riddell, whilst he was - employed in making a geological survey of the northwestern part of the State ; and by a careful analysis he found that 100 grains contained the following substances: Water, . . - 6 grains. Organic matter, . . 3 " Silicious * " . 80 * Aluminous " . . 8 " * Per-oxidc of iron, . 3 " Total, 100 " lie likewise observes, tljat lime could not t>e detected in this soil; and the amount matters was inappreciably small. VI 0??IMIV t g lie further states that tiie soil seems to l?c a sediment from turbid water. It has usually a dark brown, or reddish brown color, consists of rather tine particles, and exhibits to the naked eye numberless glimmering grains of sand.* Having procured the foregoing analy. * sis, the next step in this inquiry was to ascertain which of the component parts of the soil required to Ire increased or diminished, or whether any other substances were required to he added in order to increase the fertility of the soil. The prosecution of this inquiry led me into the extensive and almost inexhaustible subject of agricultural chemistry ; and the pages of Davy, Chaptal, Ruflin, and professors Hitchcock, Dana, Jackson, Lie * .See RiddclTa (.Jcoio^teal Ivtport to *uc uui. Ar>einbly of Ohio, 5 1 - - v. - - . " -5\ o . l? S'.fr'i" <** / ' - i" . I hig, and several others, have hcen con-1 I snlipf) Hnrincr niv fnvesti?rations. ~ 7 o w All fertile soils throughout the known world, arc composed essentially of the following ingredients :? Water, hy absorption. Humus, decomposed animal and vegetable mutter. Siiicious matter, or sand. Aluminous matter, or clay. Calcareous matter, or lime. Magnesia, manganese, and oxide of iron, arc likewise frequently found in soils; but they are not deemed essential to fertility ; and in certain states of combination with other substances, may be either injurious or beneficial to the growth of plants. The greatest degree of fertility which it is possible for any soil to attain, may ! be produced by a projier admixture in certain proportions of the live substances above named ; but the proportions ; of the various ingredients may he infin- j itely varied (avoiding extremes in any one substance,) and still the soil may be deemed fertile ; hut, nevertheless, there is a limit beyond which the fertility of a soil cannot he carried. What the exact j proportions arc, and what degree of ad- ! mixture and combination of the particles ; arc requisite, to obtain the greatest productiveness, has never yet been precisely ascertained; and in order to form some idea of this point, it is useful to have recourse to the analysis of soils of acknowledged fertility and prductivcncss. II?ft T r.?L-von ill his rroiessur v/ihimc.i vuvn^w, j -report on the Geological survey of Rhode Island, has given the analysis of ninetyfour different cultivated soils, taken from various localities in nearly all parts of the state, and in eighty-nine of them, lime | was present as one of the ingredients, j Selecting, promiscuously, the results of ten different soils, from the tables in the geological report, and making an average, wc find that the proportions of the five) essential ingredients composing the soils, are, in 100 grains, as follows : Water, . 2.0 grains. Humus, ... . . 5.0 44 , Silicious matter, (soluble,) - 3.5 44 'Silicious matter, (insoluble,) 85.0 44 Aluminous matter and iYon, 3 5 44 Calcareous 44 (salts of litne,) 1.0 44 Total, 100.0 44 A cultivated alluvial soil, taken from i the banks of the Mississippi, 1 (10 miles above New Orleans, gave the following results by analysis of 100 grains: Water, - . - 3.9 grs. Humus, .... 3.6 44 Silicious matter, - - 81.4 44 Aluminous matter and iron, 7.0 44 Calcareous 44 [salts of lime,] 2.8 44 Total, 98.7 44 The analysis or 109 grains of dried soil from the banks of the Nile in Egypt, a soil celebrated from the remotest anti. quity tor its luxuriant vegetation, Afforded the following results. Water, - - - O.Q0 Humus, ... 6.99 Silicious matter - - 47.39 Aluminous 44 . - 32.10 Calcareous 44 . 2.02 Iron - - - 11.20 . Total, 99.61 The following is an analysis of a very rich soil from Batavia. The analysis was made by Mr. Henry Sumner, of Boston, under the direction of Prof. Jackson. ? 100 grains of this soil yielded, Water of absorption, . 7.8 grs. Humus, .... 24.9 44 - > Silicious matter, - - 43.0 44 Aluminous 44 - - 14.8 44 Calcareous 44 [phos. und crc- j nate of liine,] . y??2.0 44 j Per oxide of iron, - - 7.9 44 Magnesia, . - - 0.3 44 Total, 100.7 44 The foregoing analysis of some of the most fertile soils of the world, will serve to instruct us as to the nature and amount of different matters that ought to be introduced into a given soil, in order to render it more fertile. It is not expectcd that this will be done at a single opcration ; but it is important that we should know (lie proper coursc of improvements, J anil then we can gradually eli'ect them, ' according to our means.j* By making a comparison tatween the results of the foregoing analyses of cultivated soils remarkable for their great fertility, and the constituent parts of our soil in Champaign county, we at once discover a striking difference in the total absence of lime in our soil, as well* as a j deficiency in the proportion of humus, or organic matter. The sum of the silicious and aluminous matters in each being very nearly the same. It is, therefore, highly probable that an artificial addition of the requisite proportion of lime and organic matter to our soil, will restore its fertility, and render it equal to ^ iK'l-vm'j I'fKiirl nit Ktlii'lf- F J i ? t " 4 :- / " '\ :. . . -: ' V " v;* V.^v ' rf. ? ? . ..' . ^ .- . . - '."-?> **.'_ . s>-T.*fls? " flie gencrnl average of the soils above no- j fed. But there arc other considerations i which render it still more probable that the deficiency of lime and organic mat. tcr is the principal, if not the sole cause i of the unproductiveness of our soil.? These considerations I shall proceed to notice. If there is any one principle settled in agriculture, it is that some convertible salt of lime is essential to the fertility of soils, and that certain crops cannot be ' raised upon a soil destitute of lime.? When we consider the most favored grain regions of the earth, it cannot fail to be remarked, that the soils arc invariably charged with a notable proportion of lime. On the other hand, we note that where the soil is deficient in this respect, such crops are invariably meagre, blighted. ! and unprofitable. A soil destitute of lime, ; may produce straw, but it can never yield i grain ! It is an important question, at present | much discussed, whether salts of litno arc ? essential to the nourishment of certain i cereal grains, and whether the amount of calcareous matter is diminished in a j soil by raising upon it successive crops, I It is evident, since all vegetables contain \ lime in their constitution, that if they < are raised on and removed from the soil i after their growth, a certain proportion of the salts of lime must be abstracted. No one, I presume, will in modern times con- 1 tend that plants create any elementary substance. If they contain lime they ; must have drawn it from the soil, or from the'manures that have been spread upon 1 it. One hundred grains of the ashes of the grain of wheat were analyzed by Sir H. Davy, and ho obtained 44.0 per cent, oj the earthy phosphates, chiefly phosphate of lime. The ashes of the straw of wheat contain six per cent, of the phosphate, and one per cent, of the carbonate of lime; hi. dian corn contains the phosphate of lime, its ashes yielding no less than thirty-six per rent. Clover contains the stdjphulc of lime; and nearly all the plants known, contain a small proportion of calcareous matter.\ It is therefore proven heyond nil doubt, 1 that mm k, in some of its various form s, is an essential ingredient, in all fertile soils : ?first, from the fact that it is almost uni. vorsally present in the most productive soils throughout tho world f- -from the fact thnt all known plants contain } more or Irrjs calcareous matter in some form as an essential constituent. It is likewise proven that liine, in some of its forms, must be continually abstracted from the soil, by the constant growth and removal of those plants which con. tain in their constitution any no-able proportion of the salts of lime ; and licncc it may be inferred, that by constant crop, ping, the lime contained in the soil will in time become exhauster!; and unless it Im again added artificially to the soil, :t will become incapable of producing those plants which contain any considerable proportion of lime. This fact is likewise proven by universal experience, in the cultivation of wheat, Indian corn, clover, and other plants containing in their constitution, lime in large proportions. Until very recently, it had not been ! suspected that any soil was wholly des- i titute of calcareous matter; and more especially soils resting immediately on lime stone formations. Indeed, most of the writers on agricultural chemistry, by the manner hi which they have treated of soils, and their constituent parts, would I induce their readers to infer the general presence, in very large proportions, of this ingredient, in all soils, Mr. Kdrnund Rufiin, of Virginia, was perhaps the first 1 to discover the general absence of this : substance in all soils which are naturally 1 unproductive. He states that in 1817, when first attempting to analyze soils, it was with surprise and some degree of distrust, that he Tound morf specimens destitute of calcareous earth. And after re- , pea ted trials, made with great care and , accuracy, he concludes that no naturally i poor soil [below the falls of the rivers in i Lower Virginia] contains the smallest proportion of carbonate of lime. ARfit liav- 1 ing made extensive cxperimeuls, on both 1 rich and poor soils, front various parts'of the counlrv, Mr. Rufiin arrives at the 1 following conclusions; o " That all calcareous Soils are naturally fertile and durable in a very high degree."?And, *> That all soils, naturally poor, are entirely destitute of calcareous earth." It, then, can scarcely be denied, [con. tinues Mr. Rufiin,] that calcareous earth must lie the cause of fertility of the one class of soils, and the want of it produces the poverty of the other. Qualities that always thus accompany each other cannot be otherwise than cause and rJJ'cct ? Rut however deficient the soils in some parts of Virginia may be in calcareous matter, many persons will be surprised to ! Jackson's Report. 6 Ruffin's Essay. : ^ w- * ' : t'f''" . " :lear of grass and weed*. I determined, herefore, that some ameliorating crop nuat be found and annually cultivated imong my fruit trees to insure good fruit, ind abundant crops, as also lasting trees, in selecting this crop to carry out my dan, which was to raise the peach for the traduction of pork, I found that some of he pea tribe, after the trees arrive at the >caring state, and the potato, previously, vcre the only plants unobjectionable ; and found in this section of the Union var. etics of both, fully answering my views, mttrr tn full mntnrifv 9 4 iho nnnP.hf'S w,,,,,?b " *?? i ? , cgan to ripen in June. I found a pea | hat produced adm;rabiy, and even under he trees, running up their bodies, spreadng through the limbs and bearing well? ind uninjured by thewinter rains. And(herc will add, as the result of no slight expeience, that, notwithstanding the peach ree is so highly benefitted by stirring the tarth around its roots, to produce the best fleet it must be done only in the fall, vinter, and in the spring after the biosom is off. And, to settle this part of the ubject, as far as regards ray practice, 1 vill state, that as soon as the vines of the lotato or pea cultivated in tha orchard, ire sufficiently rotten to turn under with be bar-share, the first ploughing takes dace, the next previous to planting, and lie last on the cultivation of the crop.? am fully satisfied that the roots of the rcc require to be kept cool and at rest when the tree is in the bearing state) the lalance of the summer, for which the ony two crops I can admit arc admirably calculated. The little bunch potato coincs o maturity with us in June, nnd produces idmirably. The vine Jiardly runs, but covers the earth with a mass of leaf and hort vine. Not wishing to take up too nuch of your valuable columns, 1 will continue the subject in other numbers. CULTIVATOR. Alabama, Sept. 1840. I)RY MKASURKS OF CAPACITY. Fo the Editor of the Farmers' Register. Very few things are more useful in inuse-keeping than such articles. Yet, believe, it may truly be said, that very uw if any families are provided with more hnn one or two of them ; say, a half-bu ant truths as 1 have done, you will natur- 1 ally inquire, What is to he done to remedy ' this defect in our soils ? In the next num* 8 her, I propose to aid you in your researches ' for the proper remedy, as well as to offer ' some further and more important facts i and reasons upon the necessity of the ap- < plica*ion of calcareous earth to poor and y exhausted soils. * [ To be continued.] * | TIIK PROPER CULTIVATION OF, AND AN* . KLAL CROPS FOR PEACH ORCHARDS. . To the Editor of the Fanners" Register. < During the last twenty some odd yoars, ( n communication has been almost annual- ( ly going the rounds of agricultural papers ( the production of a worthy man and a . zealous, enterprising agriculturist of Pennsylvania, a Mr. Collar, on the subject of | cultivating the peach tree. [ Many years ago I determined on the s cultivation of that fruit, with a view to ( distillation and the fabrication of brandy ; a l)ut, before my orchard had become pro- t ductive, as the result of observation and r much serious reflection,! determined that, a next to original sin, ardent spirits was c the greatest curso on earth ; ^ind, there- c fore, determined to tind some other outlet { for my little portion of industry and enterprise, less objectionable. Passing through Virginia and North 'Carolina 1 about the same time, I found to my agreeubie surprise that, asan-nrlicje ill the production of animal Jood, the* peach, if judi- J ciously selected, and managed, was not excelled, when every thing was taken into view. I found, however, that the 1 method suggested by Mr. Colter was opposed to a judicious and economical man- 1 agement of both.fruit and soil. About the last of July, I found my lit* ? I --- I lie orcnaro cuiiivulcu uii una ^ciuiciurii o plan perfectly prostrated?the trees lapped?it was painful to go through it?and the load of fruit lying on the ground, pnrt * among th'c grass and weeds. For, to give the soil that degree uf cultivation neoes. snry to keep it clean, was impossible. 1 became still further satisfied, from ( facts before me, that the ground amongst fruit trees cun iot be kept too loose, or too (j Kidded'- Geological K?po;t. - learn, that a large proportion of the soils of < Ohio are likewise destitute of this essential I ingredient. ' In the second Geological Report of 1 Ohio, Dr. Locke states that the soil 1 formed by the disintegration of the under. ' lying limestone formations, in the south. I western parts of the state, does not contain J at the surface so much lime as ice should ^ anticipate ; and rarely, if eocr, where un. ^ disturbed, does it effervesce or foam with j acids. On the tops of the hills around j Cinctnnntlj, the loam lies seven to nine c feet deep, before any stones arc mingled ' ' ?'> '? i- -tin/ fiTprMv'rpnl. t *? till II) use U, lino ll/Ufll bj W, tri//i acids. t The vegetable acids, (observes Dr. ? Locke,) which exist in the natural juices a of plants, liecomc saturated with lime .as ' (l^y pass through it, and form "soluble r salts, which are washed away by the 1 rains. These causes, operating for ages, e have evidently blenched the surface, cs- 1 pccially on the table lands, till, in my opinion, there is an absolute want of catfcareous mailer. If this is the fact, the ^ clay-marl, found every where between p the layers of rocks, would be a licneticial ? manure; and burnt slaked lime would t be still more useful, and would undoubt- p ediy renovate the wheat and grass lands, t which on the table lands, are to some extent I worn out. I In a previous Geological Report of ( Ohio, Dr. Riddell says, the bottom lands * near the mouth of the Hi" Miami, are in c some places destitute of carbonate of lime. The diluvial soils of the extensive plains of Champaign and Logan counties, as I learned from frequently repeated experiments, arc usually destitute of carbonate aflinie. I have often noticed, by repeated observation, while travelling north in Ohio, that the inner tracts of all large plains, whether the margins are bounded by hills of limestone or not, present a soil in which carbnoate of lime cannot be detected. Ret ween Clarksville and Spring- ' field, the soil does not often contain any appreciable amount of carbonate of lime. I Near Upper Sandusky I tried with acids, ' portions of the upland soil from several I places, but no carbonate of lime was indi- 4 catcd. Neither would I ho black mould effervesce, when submitted to the same 2 experiment. The soil about Monroe, in f Huron county, docs not effervesce with I acids ; and would probably admit ot mi- ( proveinent bv the application of calcarc- ' ii . ; ous manure, n Farmers oi (he AVest T We beg o( you to reflect upon these facts. Is it true, that your farms contain little or no lime or calcareous earth? A tip's worth of nitric acid, poured upon the soil, will inform you. Is it also true, that the presence of lime in some of its forms, is essential to the proper growth and perfection of nearly every vegetable known, and more especially of those that are cultivated and used as food for man and animals? If you should not be convinced of this fact, from the brief considerations above given, read the invaluable works of Davy, Chuptal, and many others, on agricultural chemistry. And should you^succeed 1 in convincing yourselves of these import- ' I dcr act of Sept. 4, 1841,] 2,144,013 37 Army,fortifications, pcnsions.fufilrncnt of Indian treaties, suppressing Indian hostilities, dec. 3,710,438 45 Naral service 1*828,385,15 Interest on loan 152.442^,58 Unclaimed dividends 3,000 00 Principal and interest on Treasury notes 400,000 00 To which add outstamfing warrants issued prior to Jan. 1, 1842, 305,474 03 Making 8 35,308,<0* 38 * -t rr Leaving a aencienejr in me i rea. aqry en 31 ?4 Dec., 1812, of $575,55$ 92 . - , ? * These calculations arc for a bushel of 3 2 quart a. The ?>. Car. \ ^f.-Car* bethel ii? nearly $9 fjtMJts. 1 1 - ' * V " - ? i- "V, ^ ?"jr IJ -r - ^ '-iSiU iliel, which rarely agrees with the standird, nnd something called a quart.can, tojcthtr, perhaps, with one which is sup. >oscd to contain n pint. These last, how;vcr, are always of the wine measure size. Consequently, every one who receives any irticlo measured by .them?meal or flour, riches in every quart which he purchases, here being that difference between the ret and the dry measure quart. But this a not the worst of it; for I believe that ilmost all, probably all the measures we nake for ourselves, (if indeed wo make iny,) of a smaller size than the half-bush. il, such as the peck and half-pock mcalures U9ed in our mills, arc graduated rom the tin quart-cans which we pur. :hase from the tin-shops, and never think >f examining so as to ascertain what they :ontain. I know not what is the cause >f this carelessness and neglect, unless it >e that most house-kcepcrs are cither too azy, or too ignorant of common arithme. ic to direct the making of their own neasures, especially in a roun.l form, and 10 leave themselves entirely without any. But be this as it may, [ have thought that . might perhaps render an acceptable serrice to some of our agricultural brethren, is well as to others, by furnishing (hem with the dimensions of boxes nearly square, which wopld contain the following juantitie* : a bushel, half-bushel, peck, laif.peck or gallon, half-gallon, and quart ?barrel (of 5 bushels) and half-barrel. \ll these can easily bo made by any jommon carpenter, who can uso the orJinary tools of his Vocation, and can pro:ure a small quantity of very well seasonid plank of some wood which is least li> ible to shrink or to swell. ' You, my good sir, and man/ others tnow, that no measure of capacity can ?c made with absolute accuracy, for reaions with which it is needless here to rouble your readers in general, and I hall therefore omit them. But the frac* ions in the measures here given, are quite tear enough for all comnron purposes, us dl of them come within a very few parts >f a cubic inch of containing the exact juantities which each is designed to con. ain. None are in use of greater accuracy. Dimensions. box 1C in. by lG.8-tcnths and 8 i j^ducp will contain a standard bushel, or *2150 cub. inches 4 tenths.* V box 12 in. -by 11 2-tcnths and 8 in. deep will contain a half-bushel, or 1075 cub. inch 2 tenths. V. box 8 in. by 8.4 tenths and 8 in. deep will contain one peck, or 537.6 cub. in. I box 8 in. by 8 and 4.2 tenths deep will contain half a peck, or 268 cub. in. 8 tenths. k box 5 in. by 5.6 tenths and 4 in. deep will contain half a gallon, or 134 cub. in. 4 tenth*. i box 4 in. by 4 and 4 2-tcnths in. deep will contain one quart, or 67 cub. in. 2-tcnths. V box 24 in. by 16 and 28 in. deep will contain a barrel, or 10752 cub. in. t box 24 in. by 17 and 14 deep will con tain half a barrel, or 5376 cob. in. If those who may wiah to dm the fore. . going measure*, which are not to be found in any book that I hare erer ?eea? wilt only copy them in their pocket-books, (sboald 4 their memories be too short to retain thorn,) they may always be prepared with plain ? directions for making (hem, without the trouble of referring to your Regiater. f venture to give this admonition, because I know, by long experience, that many of us will rather go without any information . we may want, than walk a fow steps after a hook in which we are certain it can be found. Such is the vis inertia?the highly culpable mental torpor of thousands among us, who will make no effort to correct this shameful fault, although daily 'I i i*!. : -i 1_ i c ?^ , ?' sensimeoi iwu.\i$iungr,uuu vciy iicijuoii*ly suffering, not^ only inconvenience, but considerable injury from ils influence.? Hut I must forbear to moralize farther on such a subject, lest some of your critical readers may accuse me of " travelling out of the record''* farther than need be. I will therefore conclude with renewed as. surances that I shall ever remain yours, Very sincerely, . James M. Garnstt. ? ' =3??, report ox the finances* Letter from the Secretary of the Treasury on the ttalc of the Finance*. Treasury Department, Dec. 15, 1842. Sir : In obedience to Jthe direction of the act of Congreii of the 10th May, 1600, entitled "An act supplementary to the act entitled 4 An act to establish the Treasury Department,'" and an act entitled " An act to ostablish the fiscal year," dec; approved the 26th August, 1842, the Secretary of the Treasury respoct fully submits the following report: " I.?Of the public revenue and expenditure. The1 balance in the Treasury on the 1st Jan'v, 1842, (exclusive of the amount deposited with the its tee, trust funds, and indemnities.) was $230,483 68 The receipts into the Treasury during tlic first three quar- -J' tors of the present year amount to $26,616,593 78 Viz:? ... From customs $14^60,83^34<A^8viH^9 From jands 1,091,63^93 r tuns iiuKtitdiicvus ;n-- Sc. incid'l sources 112,967 1? FromTr'y notes per act Feb. 15,1461 1,060,206 05 . From do. do, per v ! act Jin. 31, 1842 7,704,821 59 a, from loan or ion ?? -and 1842 2,296,129 07 The receipts of the fourth quarter, it is estimated, will amount to $7,886,000 00 Viz:From customs 4,000,000 00 From lands 366,000 00 / From miscellaneous Sc. lucid'! sources 30,000 00 From Treas'y notes 2,500,000 00 From loan 1,000,000 00 , ** " Making the total estimated receipts for the year $34,502,593 76 And with the balance in the Trea.. eury on the first of January last, > !?| * an aggregate of $3 4,733,077 46 is* i i an The expenditure for the first three quarters of the present year have * amounted to $26,364,882 29 Viz:? Cjvil list, foreign in. 'r tercourse, Sl mis-. cellancoos ? $4,371,933 93 Army.fortifications, L pensions, fulfil. merit of Indian * treaties, suppress- - & * i ing Indian hostil. H ities, Ac. 7,065,035 35 Nanl service 6,717,084 Treasury notes redeemed,including interest 7,856,400 35 Public debt, includ. ing interest on loss 254,427 The expenditures for the fourth quarter, are estimated from data' furnished by the respective departments 6,238,278 13 Viz Civil, foreign inter, course, and mis. ccllancous, [including the amounts .JT' 1.. due to states for ? * V. ' *' *? distribution of the Bales of public lands, & amount* due to Mississippi S?- A laliimj tin