Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, January 05, 1842, Image 1
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* MJfB (SMIM-AW
?S=^LlFMJrvU " CHeRAW. SOU I'H-OAKOUNA, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 5, .1842 NUMBER 8,
By JH. MAC LEA*.
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KOCONOXY i>!/KCKDING STOCK. j
Frotn an I?y J. $h**ll>y. hofore tho i
T umenecSate Vldcaltural .Socio y, at j
i third annual meeting. on the 14th ol i
O . H41
At our last ai I ml mooting we discus,
aed the Philos v y .| |Sr*oding-" We
|*tf-0|Ki?e * at pre* . 10 give our opinion
ii|hmi tliii ticoiiofuy of Feeding, as being
iutimatnlv connected with the other. We
do not i*fietid it minute detail of the different
articles oi food that are in common use
* amongst fm-dcrs. Our principal object is
t?i callvMir attention to the period of animal
life, that requires our most particular
attention, and especially th<*se animals in.
tended l?y nature for the consumption of
man. (t is proper to promise that aii
animated nature is made up of a series of
vessels, even the solid bone, and sinewy
tendon, are congeries of vessels so deh<
ate in their stucture that they cannot he
d'ieovered by the naked eye. The stoutacb
iu the g:e il i c ptacle of food; here
it uMdcrg?K*s lh?j h:st digestive process.
It is then taken up1>v the ahsmbeni ves
srUaud distributed to the other parts of
tiie system. From (iiis it is evident that
the grow th of the animal depends as much
upon a liberal supply to the absorbents,
as to the stomach. The well established
principle, thai self-preservation in (he firm
la* of nature, is as clearly shown in an
nnitiial (oat has been simply led, as it
can he by any evidence that could be idduced.
We all know that no animal that has
Keen furnished with about one-hull' of
what it could consume and convert into
nourishment, has a stomach and head i
disproportionately large for the balance of
the system. Tne stomach being the de- !
jHiniiary, takes care of ilaclf before it div. '
ides with the oilier parts, then the brain 1
comes in tor its share, because the brain i
supplies the principle of vitality to the <
stomach, through the car vangtun or >
eighth (stir of nerves; hence those parts ;
grow in preference to the other parts of i
the animal. -The stomach, in return for |
this kind office, scihU the brain a portion 1
of its scanty allowance and if any parts of <
the system are to sulfr, it will most
? c -Mainly he those parts most remote from <
a.id least coounc ve to. the operations of 1
the fttomaeh ami brain.?The intimate
i
connection anil dependence betwixt the 11
stomach and brain,?tlieir reprocity of <
feint* and interval, has been satisfactory i
ly established by (ho experiments of &pulIvnzorti
and J)r. Phillip Willson ; they '
arjwrated the eighth p.nr of nerves in ral>. j
tula and dogs, lor the purpose of den ion- ! 1
strati tig dial digestion was dependant up- <
on them, mid in every instance digestion ; <
was suspended and a lingering death was
the consequence. This being ascertain- 1
cd, it goes to prove, very satisfactorily? I
to my mind at least?why the stomach
and braio continue to grow, in preference
to the other (wrts, in badly fed animals.
A ..#1 ,t MiiniMii hu.iihnrivKit unfit wi< alter I
our present system of managing and feeding
stock. 1
Let :?* take a hnsty view of the general
management of that most invaluable <f
all animals, the milk cow. The common
practice in this country, is not to feed
her during the summer, and but very little
during the winter, unless she is giving
milk-Hind even then her allowance is
vcrvsparingly and grudgingly dealt out.
As for her poor calf, it is generally tied to
Lie fence until the mother is stripped of
cvt ry drop, it is then let loose, to annoy
the cow white she is voraciously swallow
ing a few rotten nubbins ol" Indian corn,
or ?otnc filthy mouldering straw or cornhusks.
Af the leruijiuiuon pi winter they
f/Tru lHff)vd jnto the wood* to shift for .
Jheipsclvps, and a poor shift it is, for not
;nore than two-thirds, and perhaps not
jnore tl}?n one half, survive the sncond
winter. When winter comes round, if
the old cow has a calf, she receives the
ame /rind of treatment of the previous
winter, and it may he that she will get a
morsel of bran, and as a great treat, an
pccaaional turnip peel or pumpkin rind,
but the young yearling is generally chnn
ked off by the hoys until lho old cow
)icks ljer morspl from the ground, provided
fhe old ?ov oqd pig* tjcint'i got the better
half?but the poor vepriiog get nothing
pntil the tfegd qf tvintpr?and jt is called
fljp dead of winter wi(h grpat propriety,
for it i$ certain tjeatl. to upwy h starved
fjj|f, stintecj pigs pr neglected lamb.
Wlfen this killing period arrives, the
yearling is allowed to have a morsel of
the dainlits that were iai.l up in store for
hi*mother. It is throw n upon the ground,
and generally upon the road side, it would i di
seem, if the object of the owner was to ol
have the creature annoyed us much as ( b<
possible, bv travellers of passing stock?j 5
or i: is thrown into the stable lot, where ! n
every animal, ltor.se. cow. sheep, and hog, bi
are fed together, each contended for his pi
shar-o'tho cinfv allow.nee. This is : w
the general o.urs' o (r atmenl, to a crea-1 sr
ture tiiat yields us milk cream, hotter, hi
cheea*', beef. light for our eyes, and more hi
luxuries than all other domestic anim ils, ! gi
?besides shoes and hoots, as al*o many ! hi
articles that are manufactured f.om her , n
horns and hones. At the end of .six or I in
seven years, depending in some measure j it
upon the wants oft ie owner?/ cannot n<
say feeder?this calf that we l ave before j vi
mentioned, is turned into the corn Held to n<
fatten for heef, generally in the latter j al
part of August, where he usirnyvremains ' it
unlit ChristriWt^or Vew YeKr?i!)uring tl
this period he consumes by eating or ; ui
trampling under foot, us much as would j l.i
have feci him bountifully for two years of c;
of (he early part of his life, prov i led it st
hail been judiciously prepared and admin- it
istered. Sometime in lue Christian holi- ct
days be is slaughtered, and if he weighs I di
550 lbs. and yields some fifty or sixty j if"
pounds of tallow, it is called a good torn ! c<
out, but wiib due deference to those who vv
adopt this plan of feeding and raising oi
stock, 1 beg leave to say, that I call it a hi
very poor bu>iT ss in evi ry re?p. Ci, ami b?
ir never can be otherwise under such a t<
system of feeding and management. N
? n o
Let us look at tile opposite side of the ei
picture and see~\\hat can be done by a in
different" mode of feeding and manage- fi
merit. I will give you a case or two di- y
rectty in point. Mr. J. C. Rudsill, near vi
Raleigh, in the Western District of Ten- pi
nesee. says in a letter to the editors of the is
Agriculturist, " On the 4th of last Jan- tr
nary 1 purchased of J. Shelby of Nashville, yi
:i cow ??f the Short Horn Durham breed, t'c
in calf to his splendid hull Frederic. She ti
had her calf on the 13ih of March, at 30 e<
hours old it weighed 85lbs. On the 13th ii
day of April, at one month old, I again tl
weighed*him and he weighed 171 lbs.. s<
having gained 86ll>s." He savs nothing :r
of the management of his calf, hut from ir
the fact that he gained within a very ai
small fraction of 3lbs. per day, at the rr
early age of one month, it is very evident that
?.e could have had nothing luit milk, in
This case goes to prove very satisfator.lv ft
what the absorbent vessel, will accomplish. j
??' !?ll imf tr? wnrlf. a lid it ' m
....... ...X,. .... .... .
shows further the great importance of |?
bringing tliein into action us soon us U|
practicable after hirth. Nt may be urged j
that milk is more digestible, and therefore
more readily converted into fat or flesh, .
and will produce a greater result than any ,
other food that can he taken into the '
stomach ; this I will not undertake to ,f
gainsay. But 1 am of opinion; that there ,rl
are other article< of food, if properly pre- Ci
pared which will produce as gn at an increase,
in the same time, in an animal thai c:
htts been well fed from its birlh, after it is of j 01
proper age to masticate those articles. 1
Judging from the result that I have oh. L,
. 1 II
tained from other articles of food, 1 am t
well satisfied that three pounds per day j
can be gained, from the lime a well kept !
rulf quits sucking until it attains its full r<
size, hut at what age it will attain its full i ('(
% ' &
size, but at what age it will attain its full j u
?ize I am not prepared to say. It is true ! ^
I have never fed with a view to ascertain J
what quantity an animal could accumulate , It
in a given period. I have weighed aev- n
*r.d of my calves at birth, hue not after- ' pi
wards, to know what they had increased ! h
ex-ept Indian Chief, a red and white hull tj
by imported Champion, out of a full blood- f,
rd cow, dropped on the *29 th of January 1 j(
1837, rather an unfavorable time of the j tj
year for rapid growth. For the first j |
month he sucked addlibilum: after this he .
'Ill
was allowed three teats night and inom-|
ing until he commenced feeding, after i ric
tins two tents until he was weaned, which j v
was nl about ten months old. After this j
he was well led. with calves of his own ; sl
ugc, until lie was sixteen months old. hut fi
with no special care or attention to make | s|
him increase rapidly. At this time 1 i!
separated him from the other calves and j ei
weighed him. he weighed 1100 lbs. I : s(
l .i - l .
(hen placed inin ui a r me supormienu- ^
nnce of a confidential hoy, with instruo- 11
Hons to lake good care of him, that I'
should weigh him again in six months. I ;
saw him generally two or three times a a
week, and sometimes oftener, and instrnc- I M
ted the bov how to proceed. He had an i11
acre lot to run on, though thcie was very ';1
little grass that year?w^s fed upon cut j a
oats or rye straw, mixed with corn cohh n
crushed in a common hark mill, pumpkins ; d
and crushed corn, green corn tops and ?
fodder and husks cut with a straw cutter, u
and mixed with crushed corn and cobb. j;
At the exuiration of six months he weigh- ?
ed 1520 lbs., having gained 420 lbs, or ! j,
two pounds and ?i third per day. 1 have !
always thought if, I had taken him under ' ?
mv particular care and keeping, and van- J
ed his food, and instead of so much crushed
corn and corn cobb, suist tuled corn
meal, btets earf..ts, and parsnips, or even
turnips, and cooked the whole, timt lie tl
would have gained three pounds per day ;l
Many other cases could he adduced to ft
show the great advantage o' carlv teed- p
ing. and I think it very q?i t ouui I?, I
whether it angle cas.' of grei^f increase, in _
any animal can (je adduced where the |,
animal was not well fed in early lifo. Nor i ^
i
d [ believe lbat we could, bv any process
f feeding, induce an old animal that has
sen stingly fed in early life, to take on
20lhs. in six months, ft is like p itting
ew wtne into old bottles; the botti ? will
urst and the wine will run out, t>ul if von
ut new wino into new bottles, and the
inc ferriKMitetii, the bottles will stretch,
> as to suit the fermentative process. A
iilioi k of seven years old, that has been
idly raised, will consume more' in any
iveu time, than oae of the same age tiiat
is been well fed from his birth, and will
ot improve as much. He can take as
inch into his stoma :h as the other, but
will pass out by the draught. He has
ot the same capacity of the absorbent
easels, to suck up the thinner particles of
ourishment, and distribute to the extern*
I parts; he will void more excrement, and
tniMih richer than'
le excrement of the other. It may be
rged that tiie two cases cited above were
Dlh Durhams, and that the same results
mnot he obtained from the comm< n
ock under any system of feeding; g ant
if you please?but I apprehend there
innot he more than a hundred per cei .
fl'. rence betwixt the common stock and
le Durhams?if not, an animal of the
amnion stock, fed as the Indian Chief,
ouid yield 760 lbs. gross at 22 months?
d?deduct 260 lbs. for gross, and you
nve 500 lbs. of tine tender mahogany
jef, that is beef that has the fat well in.
rspersed with the lean or muscular.part,
ow let me ask how many of the common
itiie, under the present system of feed
ig, will give you 500 lbs. of good beef at
ve years old? I leave the answer with
ou. There is another very decided ad.
milage that early feeding has over the
resent protracted system, if your object
only to raise for beef. According to
>e present system it requires six or seven
ears to raise an animal that will bring
?rty dollars; during the whole of this
me you incur the risk of his dying, you
niisurne more time in feeding than I will
i 22 months, and you are lying out of
ie use of your money; whereas I have
>ld my calf, am clear of risk,can employ
iv time in some other way, and have my
loney to shave upon, bv which process,
t the present rate of lending, I could
lore than double it. These are matters
-some of them at least?that should not
3 lost sight of by the slock raiser and
jpfler.
Having taken a hasty view of the
lanagement ol horned cattle, we now
??v ?nmf ihiufr in renard to the
*" ""?* ?
lanagement and feeding of hogs. The
>g deserves oar sympathies and our
ire. We derive m<st' of our animal
?od from it ; we ought not to pass him
y unnoticed. The common treatment
i this country has heen heretofore, very
inch like the treatment to our horned
ittle, hut I am delighted to say that our
empathies has been awakened and our
ire greatly increased in some portion of
ur State, toward this valuable animal.
Still we find a majority of farine s
a veiling the beaten track?my dada did
uis and so, and he knew how to do
nngs ahout as well as most men?he
lisod as big hogs as his neighbors, and I
r*nt see how 1 can expect to do any bet:r.
This may be all very well, hut as
lis is the age of improvement, let us
v to do better than our fathers did, and
teach one by his good precepts and exmptes,
stimulate his neighliors to im
rove in all things, especially in doing to
im as he would be done by. The pracro.
vet too prevalent amongst us, is to
* " I
ed thorn very stingily or grudgingly
uring the first winter,?in the spring
lev are turned into the woods to *%root
ng or die." If by good luck or hard
hor they should live through the sumler
and fall, they receive the same scan.
j allowance and niggardly attention
itring the second winter. The next
>ring and summer they have to provido
>r themselves, as they did the previous
>ring and summer, and the fall following
?ev are hunted up and gathered togeth.
r, some having gone to neighbor R.'s
>me to neighbor C.'s, and some to a third
lace, to sec if their hogs were anv better
ented.
When all are collected, some without
n ear, .some without an eye, and (re.
uently u broken thigh or leg, the owner
ies to console himself by thinking they
re not much worse than my neighbors,
nd 1 am in hopes I shall be able to kill as
inch meat as will do my family. I woner
if there is any one present that has
ver caught himself soliloquizing in this
ra v. If so, I hope he will excuse me
mr drawing a picture that portrays his
management with too much accuracy.
Vom two to three years old they are "put
p," (as we say in common parlance) to
ince to f t en. At this time there is not
pire than one in ten that will weigh over
OOlhs., and generally a large majority
ill below 80lbs. The enclosure where
i I / ii 1 I I*
Hey are to no lauenea is always maae in
hurry, without any regard to comfort
nd the first rain that falls after they are
ul up, thev are to their bellies in mud.
Jorn is now thrown to them in profusion
-they eat m< re than they cnn digest?
eeotue feyensh, and thrive but badlv,
c cause their absorbent vessels have nut
i the c pac'ty lo take up the thinner par-1
tlclcs of nourishment from the stomach
and other bowels, and carry it to the cell- (
uhfr membrane, where t 8 converted into
fat. At the end of ten or twelve weeks |
tilt: hogs are killed, a majority weigh
about 125, some 150, and occasionally
one wih reach 175lhs.; wheni v :r this ha;.
pens, the owner says, this was always a
; inofe thrifty pig than the others. When
they are opened, their livers and messenter
c glands show evident signs of disease.
Owing probably to an inability in those
parts to separate a healthy fluid from the
blood, because the blood -a much richer,
and has inure gross matter infused into
it tha i when the animal was sparingly
fed. It verv frequently happens thai a
Jit : slips into tltc pen with the fattening
in-gs, and remains until they are killi
d. He fattens faster than any animal
i in the pen, and rather than turn hitn oat
! to get poor, he is slaughtered with the
! others; when opened, he presents a very
different appearance from the rest, his
flesh is white and beautiful, has more lard
or fat over his kidney and about his how.
els, and his lungs, liver and niosscnteric
glands are all in perfect health. The ahsnrlients
are young, elastic, yielding, and
have capacity and vigor to take up and
cary to the different outposts of the
system, the fluids thut were necessary
to accumulate fat and increase his weight.
Much has been said through the colnmns
of the Agriculturist about feeding
pigs. If we turn to the remarks of Mr.
T Fanning, and the several coiiurninica-.
lions of Dr. Martin, of Kentucky, wo
will And what can be done by a luxurious
course of feeding. In addition, we have
the testimony of Mr. Odom, of Sumner
county, Mr. YV RElliston,and Mr. ,
ofkDavidson, each of w hom have fattened
pigs to weigh two hundred,pounds nt six
months old, and I understand that Mr.
has one that weighs two hundred
and sixty pounds at six months old. But
amongst all the feeders, we have not a
single case of an animal that was stinted
until two or three years old, and after
wards fed freely for the purpose of show,
ing what amount of flesh and fat could
he packed upon his carcase, and I will
venture to predict, that whenever the ex.
periment is made, under the most luxu'ri.
ous mode of feedirig, that he will not increase
two hundred pounds in six months.
My reason for this opinion is, that the
absorbent vessels of every creature that
has been stingily or sparingly fed, until
two or three years old, have closed up
nnrl Ku/inina f.hlitorn if tKf'V fl n>
not lost to the system, they have circulated
so little fluid through them, that they
have not oromn in diameter, so as to have
capacity sufficient to carry the fluids to
the several parts of the system, to make
adipose matter. We ail know that the
flesh of an animal of three years old is
much tougher than one of six months old.
I would ask then if the fl sh is so, are
not the vessels so likewise? Most certuiuly.
Every one that has ever opened
a hog and taken out tho bowels, must
have noticed the large artery, lying
lengthwise and in contact with the backhone,
and when this artery was cut, he
must have perceived that it was more
like oseous or bony matter than the integuments
or parietc* of the abdomen,
that the knile passed through in entering
the cavity. I admit that this vessel is
amongst the strongest in every animal,
and of course one of the toughest, but all
vessels partake of the same properties of
matter, and all are governed by the same
principles and laws. They become fixed
and inelastic, and unyielding in animals,
after a certain age, therefore you cannot
distend them, as you can the vessels of
young animals?moreover the circulation
is more rapid in the young than the old,
the heart, the arteries, the veins, and absorbent
vessels, all circulate their several
fluids with more rapidity in young than
in old animals, consequently a greater accumulation
of matter can he made upon
the youn?^ titan upon the old in any given
period. It may be insisted by the advo
cates of the nl I plan, that the pigs that
were fed by Messrs. Fanning and others,
wore Berkshire* and Woburns, and that
the same result cannot be obtained by
feeding common stock : this is certainly
so, but by adopting the economy of feeding
herein proposed, you will tind the
common pig at twelve month* old, much
superior to the adult bog at three years
old. raised after the old plan. As an evidence
that I believe what I .have here
stated, 1 propose to give q silver cup worth
ten dollars, at the next annual meeting of
the Davidson County Agricultural Association,
to the person, male or female,
who will produce the best pig of the common
stock not more than twelve months
nlil nrwl an/tthur ..in. tui.rfh ten rl/ill:i m trw
(he peison who w.ll produce the best
yearling calf of the common stock.
1 have said in the previous part of this
discourse that all animated mutter ia made
up of vessels. These vessels require to
be nourished, just as much as the stomnoh,
and unli ss they are supplied with a
proper quantity of nourishment, they cannot
grow, and will eventually close up,
and the parts,that nature intended them
to supply will never he developed. Every
one that has attended to the fattening
of beef cattje t^nd hogs must have discovered
that it is much mure difficult lu fat
ten an animal that has been bidly raise!
than one that has had suffi nent food to
keep him growing from his birth. Nature
has appropriated a set of v se's to
each otgan in the whole eron ?my. Ti e
I stomach and lower intestines are supplied
I with ab.-orhents, to suck up and carry to
| the other parts of the animal the thinner
panicles of food. This food is convened
into blood, urine, p ;r pirable matter, &<:.
&c., and after these secretions are all
supplied, the balance is converted into fat.
That the fat is the last part made out of
the food is very evident, from the fact
that we find blood, urine, &c.. in poor
! animals. By supplying these absorbent
i vessels with a due quantity of food, they
! will increase in size and strength, and
; suck from the crude aliment as it passes
! through the stomach and other intestine#,
! a great deal of what would otherwise piss
j into the draught or excrement and be
I lost. And if the whole of the absorbents
I are not equally supplied with nutriment,
j those having their origin in the stomach
; will get more than any other part, be
, cause the aliment is applied to them first.
Where as those of the lower bowels, which
carry nourishment to the hips, thighs,
and hinder extremities, remain un-rnj
ployed, unexercised, undiluted?in short,
! they are not supplied with fluid, ol course
cannot grow themselves, and in after
life, if thev should be so fortunate as to
got food, they have not the capacity to
supply the parts lo winch they belong by
the arrangement of nature, so as to make
them equal to the other parts of the animal?hence
it is that calves, or colts, or
hogs, which have been badlv raised, are
always more defective in the thigh or ham
than any other part, and invariably more
deficient in those parts than animal*
which have been fed from their birth.?
To conclude my remarks upon this allimportant
subject, I have only to add,
that the best economy of feeding (in rnv
opinion) is to commence with our young
stock as soon,as they will take food, and
give it in such quantity and quality as to
keep lliein growing?never suffer any
. one to retrograde if you can prevent it.
[ would not advise that those animals
which are designed for breeders should he
kept fat, for the- reason that the powers
of the system are all concentrated, in the
process of making fat. ull the secretions
hp* carried on to nccoin dish this great
object?they are transferred fromevety
other part to the adipose membrane, and
the secretions of the genital organs are
suspended in obedience to a law of the
animal economy, that two great action*
or secretions cannot he carried on at the
same time. YV<; might say many things
about the pleasure we enjoy in looking
upon fine, sleek, well kept stock, and a
great deal upon (he mortification and regret
that every one, of any sensihiltv.
J must feel, when he looks upon poor halfstarved
creatures.?Tenn. Agriculturist.
[The Physiology of Mr. Shelby is not
always correct; hut this defect does not
impair the value of his practical views,
and his important facts.?Ed. Far. Gaz.]
Pi-fim iho 4 inorican Pnrmof.
TIIK BADEN COKN.
Nottingham, Md. Oct. 29, 1941.
To the Editor of the American Farmer:
| 1 have come to the conclusion that
| there can be no impropriety in informing
J you, and through you the public, of an
: experiment I have mide this season up? n
I (ho corn known by the name of Gourdset-d,
an I Mr. J N Baden's prolific. 1
made choice in the spring of a small
piece of ground, nnd in order that each
sort should have the same advantage re
lative to the fertility of the soil, and
should have the same share of cultivation,
I thought it would be best to plant one
row of the Baden, and another of the
Gourdse^d, through the lot, making ol
I each kind an equal number of rows.?
, Last week I gathered and carefully meas.
I urod the Gourdseed, and obtained 17
j bushels?I then gathered the Baden corn.
! and it measured 28 bushels. ? As iho difj
ference is so great, I will say that if any
: one should entertain a doubt of the corj
redness of it, it can be removed by stjch
i testimony as he inuv reasonably desire.
Mr. Baden's corn not only yields by
far ti e greatest quantity of grain, but
I nearly double us much fodder as any
! other 1* ever cultivated?of this fact I am
j so well satisfied that nothing could induce
| ine to plant any other.
Yours respectfully,
J. Holyday.
[The Baden and Duttnn corn with
similar varieties are adapted to rich but
; not to poor soils. One stalk and one ear
i to the hill will produce more corn in poor
land?Ed. Ga?.]
List of Acts passed b>j the General Assembly
of South Carolina at the Session of
1841.
1. An act to Raise Supplies for the year
commencing in October, 1841.
! iJ An.act to make appropriations for
the year commencing in October, 1841.
3 An act to prevent the citizens of
j Now York, from carrying slaves or persons
held to service out of this State, and
to prevent the escape of persons charged
with the commission of any crime.
4 An act to annex the Equity District
of Sqmter, to the fourth Circuit, and to
change the times of holding Courts there
in, and to establish a Co irt of Equity for
) the Districts of Chesterfield and Marlbo.
I rough.
5 An act to extend the Bounds of the
i Jails of die several Judicial districts of
i this State.
6 An act to extend the right of chaU
| lenge to Jurors.
7 An act toprevon! the Emancipation
i of. slaves, and for other purposes*
1 8 An act to make she unlawful whip*
| ping or beating of a slave, an indictable
I offence.
I 9 An net to suspend the electron of
1 Members o! Congress from this State*
10 An act further to regulate the offices
of Comptroller General and th#
Tre ?sii-^r the State.
11 An act to amend an act. entitled anact
to provid for the re;miring (far Court
Hohsea and Jails in this S.ate. passed'orv
l he 19th day of December, 1827.
12 An act to establish certain R<?ad ,
Bridges, and Ferries.
13 An act to authorize tb erection of
a Toll Gate, on the Stale'* L d near the
ouluda mountain Turnpik R id.
14 An act to provideagai.>*i trespasses
on the Saluda mountain Turnpike R ad,
and to punish trespassers.
i iff a ? 4 a. -L .1 ..i!
i>7 .\n act io prevem o.Hirumion* 10
' the p. ?<age of fish up Caw.Caw Swamp.
Creek, aud to appoint commissioner* of
Fish Sluices for the same.
Id An act to prevent obstruction to
the pa*sagc?of fish up Ly nch's creek.
17 An act to incorporate certain ViU
Inges, Societies, and Companies, and t<*
renew and amend certain Charters heretofore
granted, and to establish the principle
in which charters of Incorporation
will hereafter he granted.
14 An act to incorporate the Society
of the South Carolina Conference of the
Methodist Episcopal Ciiurcu, for the relief
, of the children of its members.
19 An act to incorporate the Cokeshury
Female institute of Abbeville District.
20 An act to increase the number or
i commissioners of Free Schools lor A/ariniL.
District.
21 An net to provide for the copying*
of old aud defaced Books of Record ana.
Indexes in Cha'lcston District.
22 An act to organize a Board of Fire?
i Masters for Charleston Neck. 1
23 An ad for the better regulation of
the inhabitants of Charleston Neck, and
to umend an act entitled an act for the
better regulation ot the Commissioner*
of Cross Roads of Ch.irlt>ton Nock,
i passed on the 13th D-cemlwr. 1340.
! 24 Au act to vest i e title of toe State
; J in certain escheated properly, in JoliQi
Bask ins.
25 An act to appropriate the Fine imposed
by the Court on Julius Pardue, for
killing Daniel Price, to the use of the
Heirs of the said Daniel Price. ( ,, !
2(j An act to confer on George Frede.
r rk flolmeu. an nlien. thn i.rivihttfA i?f"
? ? r ?
I applying tor License to practice in the
Courts of this Siate.
'11 An art to reduce all acts and
clauses of A-is in relation to the Militia.
of this State to one act, and to alter and
amend the same.
distkkss in tiitkat britain. '
Extract from a letter to the Netr YorJc
iju/i, doled London, Deer. 3d. 1641.
1 am sorry to be obliged to inform yon
that the general depression in all kind*
of trade still continues, and th :re is little
, hope that any alteration will take place
: for the belter during the winter. M>uy
of the larger mills in the manufacture?
districts are working short time. Several
have been >hut up alt rgethor, and (allures
ure numerous and for large amounts.
The consequence ot ail this is. that -the
operatives find little or no employment*
and their situation is truly a melancholy
one. Ruin and misery stare them in the
face, and they see no relief in the future.
On the contrary, the cold and chill winter
is corning, when their sufferings will be
increased, and it is really alarming to contemplate
their condition. In the middle
of (he winter, unless some measures are
taken for their relief, thousands must
perish Iroin want. Meetings are held in
f La in/J rmiikliu u nrl ihu Innv/i Lkitt nc l'n*
inw iii^iiu|;?'iici nini IIITI IUUIIH iui
the purpose of raising funds, but where
there are so ma ty thousands out ot e?nploy,
and on the brink of the grave from
long and severe privations, it wilt require
an immense sum to keep them froin starving
through the winter. In Paisicv,
n i v
where the distress appear* to be so very
severe, thousands of persons are subsist,
mg upon (he scanty allowance of two an J
i ihree cents ver day ! ! Government ha*
proposed emigration on a large tenia, by
which hundreds of thousands of the miff*
t-rubly poor may be sent out of tbit country
to some other where they can obtain
the means ot subsistence hy labor.
EMIGRATION FROM LTVKRPOni.
The following is a statement of emigrant
departures from the port of Liverpool,
between the 1st January and 31s|
October 1841?British Colonies of North
America. 3,870; United States of America,
34,928; Sydney, New South Wales,
5,748; Port Philip, 1,439,117; giving a
total of 1.452,653 J
ABSTRACT OF TUB TREASURY REPORT TO
THE HOUSE OF RRPRRSINTAlTVBSI
* r?,.ii? r? n -
i. uj me r twite necenue amLExpeao*
ture.
The balance in the Treasury ea the 1st
Juouary, 1611, (exclusive of the