Farmers' gazette, and Cheraw advertiser. (Cheraw, S.C.) 1839-1843, December 22, 1841, Image 1
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VOLUME VII CHbKAW, SOU1II-CAKOLINA, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 22, 1841. NUMBEtt 6.
' " iLJ_ : ? : n- , ""'^
_ II , , ;
By M. MAC LEAH'.
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11 I
CONTTNTS OF TUT FARMERS' REGISTER,
NO. XI VOL. IX.
Original Communication.
Melliot again, Address to the Agrirulra!
Society of Cumberland, Growing potntoes
under straw, Artstida oliganthn?
poverty crass?lien's nest crass, -Ground
of preference for different kinds of wheat, i
.Surface manuring, Green-sand of James
* river. To the subscibors to the Farmers' >
* Register, Root culture in France.
SELECTIONS.
Of pruning, Sweet potatoes, Prairies of
Arkansas, Malaria, Extracts from Gen.
Emory's Address before the Maryland
State Agricultural Soeietv, Essays on the
importance of lime in soils?No. 1, Important
discovery in agriculture and horticultural
Society of Henrico, European
farming, Subsoil plough, Fruit trees, pro. I
.... . i. \ r I
per article* tor exhibition at agricultural
shows, The Missourium, or leviathan
skeleton. Hiving hers, Medium sized vs.
large hogs, Horn-ail. A (lav at Ridge,
nmnt, on peat, Dr. Roucherie's process.
On cider making, The remedy of each ir.
dividual against non-paving banks, Amcr- j
ican wonders Transplanting trees.
From the Ohio F ee Fress, (at Xenia,)
Oct. :10.
SILK Cl'LTURE.
Sinee tlie multicuulis mar.ia has sub.
sided, and people have c?*ne to their sober
Senses, their is a lair prospect that the
business will be prosecuted in a judicious
manner, and will richly repav the labor
and capital expended in it. The Western
Citizen, published at Urbana, Champaign
counfv, savs several of the citizens
of that coun'v have turned their attention
to the culture of silk, and have made it i
profitable. O :e farmer, Mr. Nathaniel
Kidder, has manufactured sewing silk!
?hi. iv,<i a?.;,<r,ri. to ihe value of more than !
"" i ' y . . |
Iwo hundred dollars, which the editor ;
considers eq ia!. if not superior, to the best I
foreign article. Those who have en- j
gaged in the business, lie snvs, have
found a rendv maiket?"?r their silk, while
other productions of the fartn are a dead
weight upon their hands.
4 We know* that several of the citizens
?>four county have, lor a few years past,
paid soine attention to the rnulherrv, but
we have not vet h^ard r?f much silk being
made bv them. We hope some of them
will soon report progress for the encouragement
of others. There reed he no j
foar about a market for the coroons.?
There is a prospect of a manufactory being
established at Columbus, under the
management of Mr. Fox, [the author of I
the following J.e'ter,] that will reouirc all t
that can he stnplieri for some time, and !
others will he built up as occasion may
require. Should this not he the case, it
can be profitably made into sewing silk,
hv families, without any expensive machinerv.
J
Ml. Pleasant. (O.)Sopt. 20, 1841.
* Dkar Sir : In vrtur last. of August ,
19th, you requested me for your satisfae. i
tion, as well as others in vour section of
country, to give you my real unvarnished j
sentiments on the silh business. With j
the greatest [denture I comply with vour
request. Still I am persuaded that all I j
have written and published will never
wholly remove the deep-rooted prejudice j
Intent in the minds of thousands, originn- ;
ting chiefly for the want of reflection and I
observation ; and as there is nothing like J
ocular demonstration. 1 have enclosed a j
few patterns wove in our factory from the !
...II. "OO L?/\n K11 f I I
ffllK we drive i <1191:1.1 m;? ? H.HHI , * |
want something that will prove more i
effectual still. I wish you would bring j
500, or more, I had like to have siid tin- 1
believing Jews, to witness our establish- !
ment. I am confid nt thev would return
home proselyted to the ?ilk faith.
But, as you wish a more minute detail,
I will commence from six years baek.?
? About that time I engaged with G. Rapp, !
Esq. of Economy, Pennsylvania ; and |
there wove the first piece of silk velvet i
ever manufactured in this country ; also, |
with hat plush, &o. When I first visited j
them thev only had one loom?now sev- j
en. Three years back my eldest son j
arrived here from London. Ho engaged j
with Mr. Rapp and I came to Mount
Pleasant. During his stay with them he,
with the assistance of some of their in- ,
gen ions and patriotic Society, built a
French riband loom, at a cost of 81,00'),
with other looms for flowered silks.?
They can now compete with France or
England in point of excellency and ele- j
gancc of fabric. Miss Rapp received a
! premium of up wads of $500 last yean
from your State Legislature, for the silk
raised that season. Now, sir, if the silk j
i trade is a humbug, let us have more of,
I it.
When I came to Mount Pleasant under
! the patronage of J W Gill, Esq, in April,
! 1839, there was not the vestige of any
thing appertaining to a silk factory. I| i
felt discouraged, hut I and my youngest ;
son went hard to work, and by January
1st, 1810, built six looms, with all the ne- I
ccssarv tools for weaving, and brought
out one hundred yards of velvet, hat I i
plush, ladies* plush, and figured velvet,
all from these trifling pieces of sticks j i
called multicaulis cutting9. Now, sir, I j |
feel very proud in being a member of the j 1
humbug and silk mania society. Since 1
then we have made safe but slow ad- t
vanres, owing to the many difficulties we t
had to encounter, in reeling, winding,! |
twisting, tramming, and dying, in order to
bring out our silk for weaving equal to I
European splendor. These difficulties I
are nil obviated, and we are now going i
ahead. From April, 1839, to the above I
date, we have manufactured two hundred i
yards of silk velvet plain, forty.five yards I
of figured velvet, one hundred and seventy | 1
Nat rn!iwh. nnp hundred vnrds ! I
plain lustring, twenty yards of Ohio rord I
for vesting, two hundred yards of flow,
ered silk vesting, twelve dozen black silk 1
C* *
handkerchiefs for cravats, seventeen <
dozen bandanna handkerchiefs, making, i
in the whole, about 2,110 yards in two !
years and a half, and ail from such a dis- ;
cournging beginning. The whole of the <
machinery, looms excepted, is propelled t
by steam power; we employ about twen- -
ty persons in the factory, and in feeding I
time eight, including mv son and Mr. i
Wm. Gill. J Watson, Esq., magistrate
of this town has weighed off 704 pounds i
of cocoons raised by them this season. I I
believe few will beat this. Yet, sir, good i
hut mistaken men will say, Ah! its all a i
humbug, i
Permit me. sir. to make a few remarks !
upon the futile objections of our oppo. 1
nenfs, which I will endeavor to do with J
humility and plainness, as I challenge the
Union to controvert successfully* what I 1
have or may advance. Let us revert to 1
the veer 1833, when John Fitch, Esq. of !
Mansfield, Connecticut, first started the 1
silk weaving business in that region of ]
country. When I visited him ho had on 1
a si'k vest wove from silk of his own rai's- '
ing; he was a gentleman somewhat. (
above the mediocrity of intellect, being a f
counsellor at law; and if you have had '
any b isi.uess with them v>u know, sir, ?
thev are pretty smart g n tie men. Well ?
he told me it wn-? his opinion that sooner j :
or Inter the silk trade would he a staple I 1
i?.? ? #Ui?? nn/l lu< rem irk I
I M*-KS III inn < i, ......... .
is rnpidilv verifying. From Connecticut j1
it made its way to Massachusetts. There j }
it hcirnn under the same discouragements , '
as in Connecticut; but iio.v witness the ! '
results of care and perseverance.' From '
Massachusetts it winged i!s way to New ?
Jersey and New Yolk, where thev' are j (
now raising silk to an incredible amount. 1 1
' 1
From there to Pennsylvania, where a!. ! j
most every rountv is engaged in it more .]
or less, and some to a great extent.? 1
Economy, Heaver county, is now the j 1
pride of the Union. Our -establishment J'
is denominated bv other States, "The i 1
Star in the West." If so. Economy , '
r'nust he the Recent of Night. Again i '
it takes its flight to Oh o. and there dif- I 1
fuses its blessings from Cleveland to Cin- j '
cinnati; the n from .Mercer county crosses ; 1
the Slate again to Jefferson county, ! I
leaving behind it traces, of cultivation, M
industry, and reward. Children that | I
heretofore were running idle about the 1
fields and streets, having their morals 1
corrupted, are now seen picking the ! '
leaves, feeding the worms, or reeling tlie j
silk, with healthful and smiling couote- j '
nances, hymning forth the praises of their j '
Creator and Redeemer, while engaged 1
in their various departments; surely''
there cannot be any humbuggery in all ;
this. 5
But does it stop here? No; in lefati- :;
gabta in its exertions, and benevolent in
its designs, with an eagle's pinion it takes ,
its way to Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, ;
Tennessee, and Georgia ; there factories ' 1
are building; thousands of acres of our;'
worn out cotton lands are now luxuriant- 1 '
lv clothe ! with the foliage of Italian and I 1
?/ O
mortis mu'tioaulis trees. The slave and
free population are now recreating themselves
upon the light, pleasant, and lucrative
employment of silk raising. It
affords employment for the child and the ,
invalid, the cultivator and the mechanic, >,
the artisan and the tradesman, and is do- ,
stilled to he a source of wealth to this .
countrv. Surely there can he no imposi- |,
tion here. * * * * * !
Another difficulty seems to pervade the 11
minds of miny that are somewhat friend- ;
ly to the silk cause. They say, what j
shall we do with our silk? We cannot!
weave it as France and England can.
To this I answer, go to Economy ; come j
to Mount Pleasant; then go to Northamp- j
ton, Massachusetts ; Elizahethfown, New
Jersey ; New York ; Nashville, Tonnessee;
Providence, Rhode Island, and several
other places, and then you will see the j
objection removed ; for what can he done j
| in one place con ho done in a thousand :
| all that is wanting i< enterprise, patience,
j and perseverance. There are a number of
silk weavers from London now ir this
country, and if not enough, many would
be glad to come over were there a prospect
of employment; but as I want to
encourage domestic industry, I would say
there is not a female that has wove a
piece of muslin but could weave herself
a silk dress with a little instruction. The
loom, harness, and reed would not cost <
more than 33 00, and would last fifty |
years wiih a little harness once in two I
years, which would cost about one do!- 1
lar. i
The next obstacle thrown in our way
is, fhat it will injure the cotton trade,?;
This is for want of knowing better; they
ire not aware that hat plush, ladies' tip.
aet plush, lustres, chamberries. tabmets,
Italian sarsnets, collar velvets, Dutch velvets,
Genoa velvets, and many flowered <
dlk.s. are filled with cotton; so that, i- i
sfnad nf heinor nn inilirv. it will ten. .v, j<
. r ....
iromote it, nnd give a fresh impetus to it. I j
knottier will sa v, look how your worms j (
lave died off". I grant it, and this season, | (
too, in many places, which has caused
me to institute enquiry. One writer informs
me that being absent two days
ipon business, when he returned home
lis worms were dying. Another that he I
went to meeting, gone twelve hours, left
lis worms without food and ventilation; <
the next morning they sickened and died. I
The third, owing to age and ill health, I
was not ablo to attend to them, and they! i
iicd. And a fourth, that his eggs were
kept in a cold, damp receptacle; they
'latc hed out and died. A fifth, that be- ,
ng short of food,, he gave them oak and
Jogwood lea res, nnd they died. A sixth,
that, for the want of vigilance, the rats
ind mice devoured thern all. A seventh,
that he kept his cocoonery in a loft, the
roof being out of repair, a dreadful gust
with rain fefj and washed his worms from
the shelves, and they died. A person
has just called upon me from the Lakes,
and says, owing to taking the worms out
of the ice-house and putting them in
again, .300,000 of f.hcm died. Thus you
see the principal cause of the late failures
is owing to carelessness, neglect, and inattention,
and not from any law of Nature
dooming its innocent victims to
death. Upon the third or fourth moulting,
like the human family, they are exposed
to disease, but, like us, have their
remedies. Mich has been said and writ- \
ten upon the disease called the muscorroine
or jaundice, but by the application of
irne. judiciously sprinkled, they may be
Mired in six hours. I strongiv and con.
icienfiously recommend Mr. E Morris's i
'Jontingfon frames for the use of feeding,
is I am confident they are conducive to |
he health of the worms, besides renderng
every facility to those employed: j
hey are highly appreciated by those that
lave used them. Another question of ,
mportance is, how can we expect to raise
dlk equal to France, China, or Italy?
[f my word, honor, and knowledge are to
>e taken, I say, without hesitation, we
an. '-But what do you know more
ibnut the silk business than we do?" Be- '
mi use I was horn iri it, and brought up in '
t in London, and, being engaged in the
Misiness there for thirtv-five years in all
ts various standings, branches, and bear- i
ngs, I must have had an opportunity of <
making some acquirements. For the |
Mst fp.n venrs I was the purchaser of many ,
housand pounds of silk, from a Bengal
dngle to n Piedmont, and in point of frn. ,
prance and brilliancy the American silk
s superior to any I have seen from
Prnnee, China, Italy, Valencia, or PiedTK?nt.
I am aware the fragrancy of imjortod
silk may be lost, in most insfnrces, (
rom being so long on the ocean and ex- .
>o.-e I to the saline air, hut the brilliancy
s a quality peculiar to America, when
he worms arc fed on the Italian or multi- 1
an lis, i
For the encouragement of the fair sex
. Im ini<o nnd reel their own siik, we have |?
)o objection to manufacture it into dres- l(
;? s ij|?on equitable term?. The tariff* bill |(
s now passed into a law at 20 per cent.,
ind we have nothing to fear; the humbug
s changed to reality, and the maniac is j
it least convalescent.
I remain, dear sir. (fee.
JOHN FOX. Sf*. '
P. S. I have just received news from
Economy that Miss Rapp has raised thi->
a;ason 3.300 pounds of cocoons, the greaest
amount ever raised in one establishment.
Well done, Pennsylvania!
from thk baltimore patriot.
PENNSYLVANIA SILK.
Mr. Editor: The Public seem to be j
quite ignorant of the extent to which the /
silk business is now carried on in this
country, and therefore it mav not he in- j
npnropnaie to throw a little light upon the :
subject. I have this morning received a ;
?s\C *r.r. cilL r?r?r>r!,f iniic in n nnrtion 1
It |MMl W| liiw Ciu\ ... (
of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. I I
?:n sure it will afford you pleasure, if it
do not excite your surprise. The report
states as follows:
Charles llerr raised and reeled 552 lbs.
of cocoons.
John Lummy and brother raised 534
pounds of cocoons, and reeled 60 pounds
of silk, and are now purchasing cocoons
and reeling daily.
Charles Carson raised and reeled 524
1-2 pounds of coeoon3. j
Dr. Bowman raised 188 lbs. of cocoons.
John VVissler 44 364 1-2 44 41
**" " * r* r\ w 44
Mr. Miilenjren ion ** - .
John Mitzlcr. " 79 M 44
PerkerdsKentzu 143 " "
Mr. Demuth * 190 " *4
Two young la*
lies at Litzei4 ,08 14 44
Numerous others raised smaller quanti- j
ties, i;ay 2Q to 50 pounds each.
The above-named quantities will, of
course, yield two hundred and seventy
pounds of reeled silk. If every county
in the United States were to do the same,
what would be the result in reference to
aur monetary affairs ? Yours,
GIDEON B. SMITH.
Baltimore, Nov. 23, 1841.
From the Farmers' Monthly Visiter.
EUROPEAN FARMING.
I think that the superiority to be ob.
jerved in British and Flemish agriculture
is to be aUrinuted to the nice adaptation
- " rv . iL.i :i .
it crms?tne peneci sysiern mai prevails
in every department?the free outlay for
manures to invigorate the soil?the pa.
tience that never tires in the completion
[>f a tr.sk once undertaken, and the indus.
try that in no kind of wenther, at no sea.
ton of the yeari f"ai 1 s to remember and
perform its tasks and duties.
England is remarkable for confining to
certain districts, the productions which
flourish best in those soils. Thus the
light sands of Norfolk ore best adapted to
turnips, barley and clover prevails. It
was by this course that Mr. Coke (Earl of I
Leicester,) reclaimed from perfect bar \
renncss his splendid estate at Holkhnm.
Warwickshire is famous for heans as a
first crop, wheat and timothy following.
Not less perfect is the system: each one
has his part and his duties assigned to
him?he is there at nil times, and in all
weathers, and he stipulates to be only
there. And this system pervades all
things on the farm.
Upon a farm in Surry, where I spent
six pleasant and agreeable months, I had
opportunity to see the use and the profits
of systematic farming. It was a hay
farm, of less than two hundred acres?
the rent paid, about $2000. The whole
farm, except the garden was mowed.?
After the hay was taken care of, the
fields were all shut up until there was a
good feed upon them. Then Mr. R.
went to the nearest fair and purchased
large beeves nearly fat. In these fresh,
luxuriant pastures, where the grass grew
nlmost fast enough to render not fabulous
Sir Boyle Roche's story of the k.te
thrown into an Irish meadow over night,
hidden by the grass next morning, the
beeves became in a very short time fit for
Smithficld or Old Leaden.hall. After a
few day's rest, the fair was resorted to for
a second drove of cattle of smaller size,
hut in good flesh, which soon shared the
lot of all fat oxen, and became the roast
beef of old England. The fields we^e no
longer in a condition to make beef and
therefore were to furnish the predicament
'nearly fat" to take the "first bite" in
*ome unfed meadow. The fourth course
was a herd of small Welsh cattle to be
merely improved. Fifth and lastly carne
sheep to he kept till the meadows began
to start in the spring, when they were
sold and the meadows shut up.
To recruit this farm, the carts which
took the hay to market returned laden
with manures to he used as a top-dressing.
When not bringing back provisions lor
farm use I think 1 may say they always
came back with manures. I had some
years ago, in mv possession a book, which
was borrowed by some friend or other,
who liked it so well that he forgot to return
it. This hook gave the best account
of the English practice with respect to
manures, of anv I have seen. It was
' *
said in that book that five thousand tons
of manure had been applied in one year
on a single estate. I know that the quantities
arc immense, and that the lands in
that country are kept in a high state of
fertility by the axiom impressed on the
husbandman that food is as necessary to
- * l - J- T>__ 1
tlte eclh, as to t/ie numan ooay. diu ih?
not think that I have selected a pattern
farm f0r the subject of the foregoing remnks.
It was in all respects only a medium
farm. There could not be the same
opportunity for the more elaborate practices
of husbandry that there is in largo
Yorkshire farm-*. It is my opinion that
some of the best managed (arms in Eng.
land were on the estates of t e Duke of
Buckingham at Sfowe, in Bucks. It is,
however, the fashion in England, to patronize
agriculture : heaven grant it may
become so here. You can form no idea
with what case an American can introduce
himself to the English, if he is fond
of farming. The gift of a few ears of
Indian corn to the Horticultural Society,
brought me tickets and invitations without
number to their gardens and fetes at
Chiswick.
From the Gleaning of Husbandry.
Burke 'Vuinty, (Ga.) Aug. 16, 1341.
Friend Hulbrook:?Allow me through
the columns of your valuable little Jourrial,
to lay before your patrons and the
public the result of a very new species,
called the Cluster Cotton, which I must
confess excels any thing yet seen of the
staple of our country. Much has been
said in favor of the Petit Gufpli, Tc.xa9 i I
and Multibolled Cotton?and onc'i has i
had its day, as every other hum buggery* ?
but the Cluster Cotton is not to he sup. 1
I planted by any pros or cons. f
| Description. The s a'k grows up with I
brunches in a conical f rm?more sub- I
s'antial and better i^b'e to sustain its ]
fruits from fulling to the ground than even r
the Petit Gulph* its leaves too are of some. f.
what different shape and of a greener t
color; its braqe.hes at the ground, are c
rarely over two feet in length, graduating $
to the top from three or four inches. ?
Production. This seems to be the s
great desideratum with the genius and i
the agricultural skill of our countrv, and
O *
it is eminently attained in the introdur.
tion of the Cluster Cotton, which is 50
per cent ahove any other species of.C<?t.
ton, as is admitted by those planters who ,
have had the good fortune to get its ]
seeds. The bolls are very large, and I
when fully grown, crowd each other on I
the branches?possessing a staple equal (
to the Multibolled Cotton, which has been t
classed with second qual.ty of Sea Islands
hy all competent judges ; its stalk boars a 1
hull, when it nuts forth a branch and
blooms anew between the grown bolls, '
which together with its thousands of '
forms has never been before observed of
any other kind of cotton. The forms are
produced in Clusters of from two to four
bolls; irom whence 1 presume, it proper. ,
ly derives its name, and there is never
less than two bolls on different sides of |
the branches.
The joints of the branches arc nearer
together than in common cottons, conse.
quently there are more bolls and forms.
There are at this early season, on single
branches not over ten inches in length,
from six to eight full bolls with as many
blooms and forms. ?
This is indeed a rare species of cotton,
fully demonstrating the wonderful deveU
opements that arc going on in the agriculture
of the country.
The gentleman upon whose farm I
i have seen this only acre of cotton, tells
me, he preferred planting it upon pine
land, that he might give it. n fair experiment
upon an exhausted soil, which has
been so, for many years past, and without
any additional help but that of mere
ploughing and hoeing; he is sa.'gnine of
realizing over a square bale of cotton for J'
his acre of pine land, and he farther adds
in a letter that 1 have just received from
him : since I visited his farm i "My
Cluster Cotton is the thing?Ishallgatho
c*
er (if nothing befalls it,) a pound of Cutton
to the slulx?l shall pick it out and
count the stalks; last year, you remember,
I had in my garden only three stalks j
that horn mo many seeds, and from those
three, I planted this rear one aero (bare- <
ly,) of old pine land?one stalk producing
me one pound and a quarter of cotton.- ;
I am chiefly of the opinion, that upon our
old exhausted grev lands, this cotton,!
planted in hills, at two by three and a
half feet apart, when manured with con.
post or stable manure, will vield in nnv
ordinary season, from 1500 to 2000
pounds of seed cotton per acre?then
what will it not do on virgin lands?
I have watched it closely during the
last two seasons, through all its stages,
and am convinced that it can stand all
the vicissitudes of climate better than
anv other cottons I have ever cultivated.
1 have already engaged seven bushels
of the seeds and sh dl realize more from
them than the best twenty acres of cot.
ton in this county at fifteen cents per
pound, will yield "
This is from not only a practical, expe.
rienced and successful planter, hut nnv
opinion of his agriculture, is authority in
the section where he resides.
PLOUGHSHARE.
An extraordinary fact was mentioned 1
theothpr day at the sitting of the Aeade
my of Sciences. One of the members I
stated that tlie Agricultural Society of J
Brest had, upon the proposition of a member
of the committee, sown some wheat
upon land without any preparation of '
ploughing or digging, and in one of the 1
worst soils possible, and after having (
merely walked over the ground to pr#?ss ;
the grain on the surface, had covered it
with fresh straw to the thickness of two
inches. The produce was, it is asserted,
more nbu idant, and infinitely superior in i
quality to corn raised from the same seed ,
in the ordinary way.?English paper.
From the Farmers' Register.
GROWING POTATOES UNDER STRAW.
Some remarks in a late number of the
Farmers' Register, relative to growing
potatoes under straw, induce tnc to maue
the following statement:
Many years ago, my father had a hank
in his meadow (near Philadelphia) which
could not he irrigated in the common ,
way, on account of the thin, porous soil
resting on a lied of loose sand stone.
The water from a tine spring had been
turned on, hut it sunk down an<t disappeared.
Recourse was then had to flooding.
An embankment sufficient to hold
all the w*ter that could collect in twelve
fiours, was constructerf; so that, every
flight and morning, a tide swept over the
uirface, and good crops were obtained.?'
[n process of time, however, tl?e floodjate
ceased to perform well, and weeds of
idle value for hay got possession of the
janki \ new plan was determined on.
Late in spring, when vegetation waa well ?
id vanned, wo laid potatoes among the
jrassand weeds at proper distances, and
hen covered the whole With straw about
i foot in thickness. The product waa
?oou, though the season wji9 dry; the
jrass and weeds were smothered and deit
roved ; arid the year after we hid
i fine crop of clover,
D. T.
Greatfield, Cayuga <v>., N.T. )
11 mo 2,1841. $
[MPROVBMRNT IN THR HRRBO OFCATTLB.
From a communication in the Kentuc<y
Cultivator, from the pen of that well
(nown and eminent breeder, Lewis Sanlers,
Esq. giving a "history oflinported
^a'tlV make the following extract!
To improves the breed of caftle of a
neighborhood, or upon a single farm, iff
[he shot test time, with tho least cost igthe
*reat dcs'ieralum. New beginners should
commence with such cows as they may
chance to own. Sell or otherwise dispo^e
of the ill-shaped, coarse and old ones.
A prejudice exists against black; it i#
best to yield to it. and part with them al*o;
retain tho young and well formed females;
if good and well bred, so much the
better. The hull is the important instrument
whereby the improvement is effected.
Select a good young bull, having due
regard to the blood of the cow he is togor
to; the more remote of kin the better.?'
Let him be from one to three years oldj
he can serve from fifty to sixtycows from
the 1st of April to the 1st of September,
the best time for a bull to he with the cows;
after getting two sets of calves, sell the
hull. If he has been well kept, he will
fetch his cost or more, then procure n hull
of different blood from the last, a' * iiitahle
for the young stock. Aftef K wding
this bull two seasons, sell him t. ! Mr
another: and so^on progressively. Piirsii.
ing this method, the whole stock of a
country mav be speedily changed fWn
an inferior to a superior race, without any
expense or cost whatever, except
the risk of the life of the bull arwt
the interest on his cost; by reinvesting
the monev, it will not be lost, unless the
animal dies. Carry out this system, and
benefit must be the result, and in proportion
to the rare and abilities bestowed
on the subject. A neighborhood now
selling one hundred bullocks a year of the
common breed, loses two thousand dollars
on that number, by not breeding to a
full blood bull, and so in proportion t<#
a greater or less number; a feeder will pay
ten dollars mere, for a two year half-blooded
steer than he will be willing to give
for a 3 year old of the common breed?
a vear's keep, risk of life and inte eat of
monev, is worth ten dollasr. Ten dollars
received, and ten dollars saved is twenty
dollars.
TflK BADP.N CO*!*.
I
Nottingham, Md. Oct. 29fh. 1941.
To the editor of the American FarmerI
have come to the conclusion Ibat
there can bo no impropriety in informing
you. through the public, of an experiment
I have made this season upon the corn
known bv the name of Gourdseed, and
Mr Joseph N. Baden's prolific. I made
choice in the .spring of a small piece of
ground, and in order that each sort should
have the same advantage relative to the
fertility of the soil, and that each should
J ,
receive the same cultivation, I thoi ,ght it
would be best to plant one row of the Baden,
and another of the Gourdseed,
through the lot, making of ?'fw:h kind an
equal number of rows. Last wreck I
[fathered and carefully measured the
Gourdsee I, and obtained It bashefo?I
then ga'bored the Baden corn, aftd if
measured 23 htfsh'*ls. As the difference ts
so great, I will say that if any one should
L-nterfain a donbf of the correctness of it,
t can be removed by such testimony as
he may reasonably desire.
Mr. Baden's corn not only yields by
far the greatest quantity of grain, but
neaHv double as much fodder as any
nther I eytrrniffivated?of this fact I am
io well satisfied that nothing can induce
~ a
me to plant any other.
Yours respectfully. J. Holtday.
[The prolific varieties of corn are adap.
terlto rich soils. In poor soils a single stalk
and a single ear to the hilt will proiluce
tnost corn. Ed* Far. Gat.]
?????WW??????1I %
EXTENSIVE BEAR SHOOTING IX NEW JE?.
8EY.
Last Wednesday, as Mr. Bodine Cof.
fin* son of Mr. William Coffin, ol'Hamil..
ton Glass Works, was out hunting, aboutfour
miles from the Works, he discovered*
coming out of the swamp, a large bear,
which he immediately shot, when another
tlia AcnA nnp whirK lio itiA
SpiilUg Wll HIV wmw, ..w ?.^r killed,
when a third came and made for
him, but hi s dogs attacked him, aod he*
sprang up a tree, when he shot him alio.
Coffin is considered the best shot in that
part ot the country. He had his three in.
the Philadelphia market last Friday morn* /
ing. /