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*. - ?I - .IWWEM??wwai *>nce when laboring under catarrh, and that which miy be observed in the ordinary respiration nf some asthmatic persons. On handling the throats of many old horaes, wo-find that the larynx is in a more! than usually hurJened stale; and if we exert j a!! our force, we can scarcely make the animal cough. This ossyfication of the laryngeal cartilages is a frequent cause of roaring ; and as I have already remarked, a similar state of the trachea is also productive of it. A band of lymph stretched across the trachea is not an unfrequerit cause.? The obstruction is sometimes so considerable as to excite roaring on the slightest exertion ; but in general, it is only produced when sudden or forcible inspirations mid expirations are made. The restraint to which young horses are subject in breaking t is a frequent cause, when the nose is so cruel'y bent inward on the neck in the stall, or in the lounge or break, or by dumb jockeys or crosses. The windpipe is herony cootracted ; curved and sheened ;?*? - -.1? tnc ligament*, natura.iy tusw^ iusc mtu , action, unci become rigid, sa<fly impairing the functions of ihe organ. This is aggra. vai&1 and rendered incurable in old horses by the extreme to which tight reigning up is carried, and the inflammation and uhimate ossification which are produced thereby. Neck-Straps, when improperly or too habitually applied, or when they are used instead of a headstall, are too frequent causes of roaring. Fi actures of the rings of ihe trachea have occasioned it, the cartil. ages being depressed inwards. The con tmual pinching ot the larynx, iu orJer o ascertain the st ?te of the lungs, and the character of the congh which will be uttered, is u oo common cause of roaring. A degree of inflammation will be hereby set up which must of necessity be injurious. Iu making examinatione nt the knack' rs* yards I have occasionally found the laryngeal muscles on one side oearly absorbed, while those on the other side have retainud i rr%, r . 1 iheir m:ura! proportions. i nose mosi ire- i quently riisryiscd are, I he ibyro-arytenoidtus, ri.e arytenoideus posticus and lateralis. In j a horse ihut was slaughtered while I stood j by, the trachea was considerably diminished ui culiber. This animal ha J been "a whistler." I have examined the heads of*:nany roarers, but cou!J never find any peculiarity of structure to warrant tt?e suspicion that titc cause of the disease existed there ; but I have invariably found sufficient lesions in either the larynx or trachea, aad ofeuust in the former. It will be evident on the slightest inspection that disease of these organs, wheih'-J spontaneous or from violence, will alter their structure and form, and thus affect toe current of air whk h passes through them, and the sounds which are produced by that current, in this way wc ensiiy account for the different varieties of roaring which 1 have described. Treatment. The first thing to be considered when an animal laboring under ih.s disease is brought before us is, to ascertain its nature, and the length of time that it has continued. Our first and chief guide will bo the sound* If it is not a case of long standing, a cure may possibly be effected .* and even in chronic cases we may give re. lief. The first and most obvious treatment is lli.it recommendod by Mr. SewelJ, i ame!)'??? g,v*; their full liberty of action, and gradually to extend tiial action by renting the head op daily at night between the pillars and the side- rings of the s all, allowing the full play of the head. This will be particularly ot service if there is deformity of thp truchen. if the nflec.ioii is recent, and inflummat'On is evidently present, bleeding should be resorted to. If it assumes a catarrhal form, J the remedies must be such us would be j f./lnnti-'tl far itiAt disease r and, in such case, ; ..?w, , i would certainly recommend a scion 10 be parsed on each bide, behind the angle of the jaw, being careful not to wound lh? parotid gland or its duct or the jugular vein. Mild purgatives may be exhibited* with occasional moderate exercise, and not too full diet; but all supposes a recent case. In more advanced stages, and where roaring accompanies t'.e ordinary acts of respiration, or is heard on the slightest alarm being produced, I shouid recommend the operation, of tracheotomy. Tho sk.11 und discernment of the surgeon will decide on what part of ihe tube il is necessary to operate. The application of the ear to the traciiea will inform him whether there is instruction in the trachea, and the very spot at which it exists. It will iikewiso clearly indicate the state of the larynx and itscavi. * tv. This application of immediate auscultation to the whole extent of tho trachea will prevent the somewhat disgraceful exhibition of those hap-h^zard incisions, here and there, which have been sometimes recommended. The situation of the obstruction w?ll be clearly indicated, if it exists at all, and the incision should be made immediately below it. ^ ? -?- -t* i r? .. L:..U i tiy means 01 ine aruncuu opening wiuou who have made, and the tube which we place in it, we leave the diseased par s in a state of rest; a circumstance which is very desirable, if the case should prove to be of such a nature ns to admit of relief by the us? of revulsive*, as setons, blisters, &c or that which may determine the internal irritation or inflammation, if there is any, to the extendi integument, or to any neighboring and harmless oar?. The tube and dhe scton, &c. should^' be allowed to remain a month or more: and if relief is not then afforded, wo m ay despair of success, whatever mode ofticaiment may be adopted. The diseased parts will ha ve ,beCome too highly organized to undergo any change, or the lost muscular power will be irfestorable, or the distortion of the tracheal tube will be too great to admit of remedy. Mr. Carter, in answer to a ques.ion, re. plied, that he had seen roaring in horses of every size, even the smallest ponies. Mr. Cartwright was ra'.her surprised to hoar the operation of tracheotomy recorr. mended as a cure for roaring. It was bad pohcy tw bttvo recourse to u greater evil in order to get rid of a lesser one. He ha never met with any authen ic account o roaring being thus cured when it was an al feriion of the larynx, or its immediate neigh borhood ; but he had known cases in whicl roaring was the effect of tracheotomy. 1 ever ho could be induced 10 have rccours to tracheotomy for tins complaint, it woul be when, by means of ausculiation he hatt beyond 'ho shadow of doubt, discovered th situation of the cause of roaring, and thu it was some distance from the larynx. He recollected to have heard of an opr ration which would make him ex'rem?d cautious. A practiiioner was called in t a case of evident obstruction in trachea, an for which tracheo omy soem< d to be plainl indicated. He had not a tracheotonion tube with him. He nevertheless operate* and the animal experienced some relief; bi the horse died of farcy and glanders: no perhaps, from any unhealthy state of th wound, for it was nearly closed, and s rong membrane was passing over the ori fiep, but the rim of that orifice and th trachea were contracting at that part, an roaring would have infallibly b^en the re suit. He did not think that sufficient atten 11 * 1 * - ? -w..?tMi,nt nn / tion haa oecn paiu to we i*uu?t?* * ?. these tubes. They shouM be of difFren sizes, According to the wound info the trach en, and according to the degree of contrac tion within the trachea Mr. Ernes said, thai of the causes c ronring which had been mentioned, tit bearing-rein was the mosf productive c mischief, it was a pity that it should b so, for it was a part of the harness whio was least of all necessary, or whtch, li should say, was not necessary at all. Th horses would do their work better withoi if, and wiih a great dtml less dis'ress. Mr. Dawes asked whether roaring wa an hereditary disease ? He could not sa that it was from his personal experience hut he had h< ard that opinion expressed b those whom he deemed competent judges Air. Mirkham was enabled to speak t tha fact from his own personal experience He knew an entire horse that was a r-arei Eight foals wero got by hint, and six c them woro roarers. Air. Murch asked whether any particula make or size of t!io horse seemed to pre dispose to roaring? Mr. Carter thought that large horses will long necks were most subject 10 it. Air. Murch. Among coach-horses gen orally, the smaller ones are not so liable t roaring as the larger ones. IVir. Sparrow.?Did Air. Carter eve meet ui h instances of horses going ou sound and becoming roarers? Mr. Carter. Yes, frequently. Horse tint have never b en harnessed have com up, four years old, decided roar?*r3? Mr. Mark ham. Is it not on account o the treatment which they undergo ? The' may n^ver have been harnessed,?they ma never have h id a carriage behind them, bu they have had the bearing rein up;?n ther again and again. The racing.crdt go'8 wil h:s head down?no one cares how much h pokes his head before him, and he is com parativcly s< Idom a roarer. Mr. Carter was quite aware of this. 1 would he a rare thing to find a thorough bred racing eolt, orev ;n a full-grown rncei a roarer. They were tbo tall carriage horses tlint wre thus efficed. Mr. Cartwright. And yet Grenadiei, i nicer was a rank roarer. Mr. Battledore.?And a great many o his g^t are roarers too. Genera ly speak in:r, it is the reining in that m ikes the iho rough-bred horse a roant. Mr. M irtiu was quite aware that th bearing rein was the grand cause of roar ing;hut some horses became roarers eve at grass. How was this ? Mr. Carter.?It is tho consequence r strangles, or sore throat, or thickening c sonie portion of the respiratory mucou membrane. Mr. M.irtin. They are also liable to b injured bv other horses. They may receiv blows or kicks on the trachea. When h was in the East India service and ha the charge of one oflhe dtspo s, it was almos incredible how many cases of roaring w traced to horses at grass. They wre en tire horses, and therefore so liable to d mischi' f. Mr. Markham. In our country, th thorough.bred colts are sepamted ai n it man lis old, and are generally m pa Jdock by themselves. Mr. Ernes. May not roaring sometime occur from pressure on some nervoti branch, the laryngeal,or even the recurrent Does the sensib I ty of th" larnyx depen on the g ?nglion to which Mr. Carter ref r in his Essay? lie does not tdnk that does. .This is a sympathetic ganglion, nn he docs not trace any sensation to th brunches of the sympathetic nerve. Mr. Wik'8 had frequently examine this portion of the superior laryngeal nem and near its origin he had discovered ganglion which had been overlook- d b O o anatomists, and which, in his opinion, suj. plied this membrane w ith common sensa tion. - - -* J L.4 [Some conversation nowcnsm-u uci?rf Mr. Ern"s and Mr. Wilkes respecting thi ganglion ; but. ns it was wandering fror the p in' ni issue, we omit it.] Mr. Markhnm had found large coach hors's, w th narrow chos's more subject t roaring than square-made horses. lie ha now four colts by Don Juan, all long legget and two of them are roarers. He woul never buy such horses, unless there wn something very extraordinary about ihenr The disease may have some connexion wit the narrow neck of these horses. Mr. VVra'lis. The trial of the horse, b pressing on his larynx, should be done own with. Wc can find out whether a hors has sound lungs by careful observation ? his flanks; or, >f not, we can give him i good gallop. Mr. Curtwright said, that those who ba< most to do with horses had observed hov s? Idom the cart-horst* was a roarer, com pared with the carriage-horse. The tx planation was sufficiently plain. There wa not only iho difference of pace, but then tish drovers, nnd the dealer sees no more of them until lie meets the whole at B ?rnot. The commencement of the journey is usually calculated from Kerb, Banffshire, that spot beirijJ in a m inner a key to tire Highlands of the north of Scotlan I, and the fertile plains of Mornysh^. The journey from K"ith to B irnet occupies thirty-four days, the average number of miles travelled each day being sixteen. The p iv of a drover is two shillings per day and the expenses of his b?*d. YViten he crosses the Tweed he is allowed what is termed night wages to .ho amount of one shilling ex ra. from the grnz'er who supplies food for the. cattle. Thn amount realised by a drover for the whoh journey is about 8/. and from ten o fifteen shillings for return money. Til" majority o' the drovers ie:urn by land, in parties of twenty, and accomplish the distance in rhirt en days, at an average) expense of one shilling per day, including fool and lodg.ng. And yet one of these men, whose whole wardrobe would not fetch fourpence in Rosemary Lane, is entrusted with from seven to eight hundred pounds to pity the expenses of the food requirod by the cattle, and the tolls to he passed in their joum-'y. The number of Sco-tish drovers who visit Barnet Fair nnnu d!y is about 1500. Las'year about 300 thimble riggers were present,*nd, by si iglit of hand, succeeded in w inni.Tg a large sum fom litem, i'his would have been a s id tale toN-ll their wives and friends d was the difference of position?there was ?f not tl.e cruel ac ion of*the bearing, rein, f Mr. Parkinson observed tha: the bearing. - rein was far more used, and, he thought, li unnacessarily so, in Great Britain, than on I the Continent. He believed that there was p no bearing-rein like our's in Germany; but \ another sort, which perhaps, Mr. Ernes, I, would kindly explain, e Mr. Ernes said that it wns correct to a t certain extent only. It was the case with the agricultural horses who were too eng r for the other horses of the team to check y :hem, and no to keep th' ir h ads up. On o the contrary, it keeps them down, for tins d rein fixes the head to the lower part of the y collar. In the north of Germany, Poland, y and Russia, the bearing-rein and blinkers I, are unknown ; their horses shy less. ?nd ,ire ji more tractable than when theso unnecesf, sary ins ruments of cruelty are used. In e Belgium and Wes crn Germany they are a more hi use. The custom, he believed, was i. derived from England ; although in France e ihey have not even a name for it. d The Veternarian. SILK CULTURE. if . From the hoano' e Advocate. ' miscellaneous about silk and multicaulis. Mr. Editor : P As nny information on the above headed ' topics may in erest/it b ast some of vour patrons, I offer you for insertion the following desultory matter. ^ 1st. As to success of feeding worms at my establishment.? And on this head I can e say that such success was ail fhit we cotil I *' expect from a first effort ?f the k'nd. Our 11 worms did finely except some of had eggs procured from donbtful p'sourcs. Our s worms of the Pea nut Mammoth Whit*; and * Y' llow w? ro-healthy and spun splendid eoM coons. On comparing the coeoons of ^ worms fed on the Multicaulis with those fed ' on the common Mulberry, the diff rence 0 both as to size and quality was most manifestly in favour jof the Mul icau* lis. We had a young lady to superintend our fedingand instruct in reel in.* from Marisfi.-Id. Connecticut, in whicli r place they have been making large profits from Silk for half a cen ury by Italian Mulb rry Oich >r Is. Our superintendent assured u-n that as to the facility of gathering leaves the d flerence in fuvoar of the Multicauiis is at least 5 to 1. 0 One of thn grea es advantage* we d ;ri. ved from this young lady (familiar with Silk r operations from her childhood) was hat of showing us how simple and easy tpperntion reeling silk is when uriders on f. She reeled a ha;.k on a reel costing about 8 dol. lars, which she considered answered all pur 1 poses. And then a voting lady, never he., fore having seen any Tung of the kind, sat ^ down and reeled another without trouble. ^ And so did others who had called in from the neiglihoui h >od. Frdm 2 50 to 5 Jul, lars a bushel is giving for cocoons in the " - _ i _ p' i'tiilidelphia ftn i oner mawis rimers their making to ?**ll a very profitable husi. iJ' Ss. But whys'-ll thrm when raw silk is ^ re idy market ut $5,50 per lb., and much mor profi'abl'* and more ens ly eonveypd ? * 21. For horse and, cattle food. I have found the Muhiunuls leaves fine, and gulh. ered w t'? less cosi than fodder or other provender. For sum" time I have b"en feeding them with t' e happiest t flhct to mv cnlv- s. cows, oxen and horses ; and n friend in Loum> burg assuses me his horses have thriven finely on Mult'caUlis leaves given as their daily food. I hove heard hat dried or eu red they make th - best of win or provision for abov- kinds of stoek. I shall try 'hem n thus. I am informed that ut the Western p States the Muiticuuhs is coming in'o great r requisi iori for the ahove purposes as wHI as ifj for S Ik. Ho. ce perhaps so many were bought by western gentlemen at a g'-e e auction sale near Pniladclphta a few d >ys since;* wiier*small trees 2 & *2 1-2 ;<*ot high with scarce any branches sold at :j() o Id j cents a p eco, to theexteid of more tint 80 00, dollars worth. It appears that t ie won - - r -? i (J?lTul prop'TJP'S Ol (ins fi.mu aic uiiii^iii^; * it in'o requisition ev- n in M X'co, as wi ll as i.i ?ll parts of our ceur.try and other quarters of the civilized wodd. Respectfully vours. &c. ' SIDNEY WELLF.R. p Brinkleyville, Halifax countv, N. C. S?pt.30,1839. 'J *Now $G. d RCOTCU DRoVEKS AT BAilNKTT FAIR, s A fair is held annually at. Burnet, on the it great north road, in the vicinity of London, d for the cattle and horses collected in the e north of England and Scotland in the earlv part of the season. The fair for 1839, con. d eluded last month, was well attended by purchasers?upwards of 45,000 head of cut a J-nd 10,000 hors< s having changed owners, v Since ttie introduction of steam vessels to i. the northern parts ofScotland especially in - the Moray Firth, the transmit of cattle to the metropolis has become a matter of easy n accomplishment, but i* w ill be a long period is before journeys by land be superseded. The ii majoriiy of the deal- rs who attended Burnet Fatr, the great metropolitan mark' f, g'lieri ally reside in s me of the ri? h and fertile u counties on tne borders of England and ,s | Scotland, and when the opening spring and If gonial April showers revive nature iti ail J its bnauttwus forms, these enterprising men s / proceed northwards, in some instances as i. far as the Kyle of Suhorhnd, before they h commence operations. In their progress southward, they visit the Muir of Ord and y collect as tlvy proceed through tiie eastern y p ?r s of Inveniesshire and N i rn, Moray, e Hand*, and AI>ordeenshir? s, the beautiful ,f small II ghland hreed of cattle that, bad a t>een purchased the previous season bv the ever active agriculturists of these districts. J The markets art so excellently arranged v hroughout Scotland, that by the period of . the dealers meeting at Falkiik Tyrat they have g"nerully collected a Very large stock, s The cattle are then formed into Jots of about ij 1000 each and entrusted to a number Scot. in iIn* norih, and but a poor excuse for tbe loss "f their hard-won e trnings?they thereJ lore watched die motions of the pea and th mMe Henry, and lying convinced that cheating wis die order of the day, on a given signal they surrounded the diimble-riggers,' and cnmp'-llod diem to re tiro ihem nil ihctr nion-y. A gen l"inan residing indie neighborhood, who was present on the oceasion. was so well pleased with the ttinslung lbgamblers get, that lie g?vo llie Scotsmen three sovereigns to purchase heer. Correspondent of the Inverness Herald. MISSIS8:PPI. Ex'ract from an address before the Hinds County (M ss.) Agricultural Society by VV. VV. New. The following calcul .tions are made by a gentleman w'?o seems to have Uevoed a good deal ofatten ton to the subject, and whose statistics, 1 have no doubt, will be found somewhat under trie ma'k. though sulli 'ient (or all reasonable induction 'idle cab ula toii is b i?ed on an average of five years. Tne debit sdn stands thus / t,800.00) yards of bagging, for i 3l)0,(li0 bales, ^6 yds. per bale; > $450,000 at 25 els. per yd. is ) 2,4-10,000 lbs. ropu, at 12 1-2 els. > 300,000 per lb (8 lbs. per bale) ? 30, >UJ lbs. twine for do., 1 lb. for } every 10 bales, is $ $750,0U0 Tiiere were, in 1P36, 164 398 ) slaves in the State ; the expense ) $0,575,920 of feeding <Sc. ciotliiug each, is i estimated at $40 <er year, ) There was, in 1636 1.048.530 ) acr>-s of land in cultivation in ? the state,'cost of farming utensils ) 2,097,060 ot all kinds?$2 per acre is not v looked upon us too higa an csli- ) mate, ? Considered necessary rxoonscs. S9.431.980 Tuero wus in If36. 41 238 white / male inhabitants in thu State, ( oyer 18 years of nge : charge i thoin wi.h xponding 12 1.2 cts. > per day in cigars and liquor, &.C. j Toe whole while population of the ? Slate, m ile and female, ninoun- > ted in 1831,10 141351?charg - 3 3,6,18,770, thoin to average, in excess of j dress, and other n todies* expen- > ses, $25 per annum, j Useless Sl unnecessary expenses, $ "? 430 2.VI Necessary expenses, 9,431,9*0 $14,922,234 To which add interest paid to com- ) mission merchants in New Or. { leans, and the chartered bank ) 3,200,000 account of the State of * per ? cent, per annum, it would muko J about * j $18,. 22,234 Thus making the indebtedness of the S ?le over spv ntean million of dollars ? The credit side of he balancesheet is made up of a single item, 300.000 hales of rot ton, valued at $50 per bale, amounts to fifteen millions of dollars, leaving the bal ance against as over two m llicn. Thus, instead of making money, we have been going in debt annually, ni the rate of some wo miliion of dollars. Iri the est male of expenses, no account is taken of the annual outlay for hors'b and mules, and also flour, which have b en heretofore considered ne. rosary disbursements. Nor have I taken into the account the onerous per cent, which we pay for every ariirlt; purchased, inconsequence of the depreciated state of our currency. If the whole amount were brought into open view, the sight would be too appalling to look upon with tranquility. London, December 7. An arrangement has been concluded between the Messrs. Ro'clisrhild and the Agent of the United Sta'es Bank, by which the said firm have contracted to a ivancc ?1,000,0001 terling upon the deposits of State stocks to ttie s ane amount, and issue ofdebriiiures hearing interest at the rale of 6 per cent, per annum ; the prices of these de. hentnrcs has been fix-d at 94, with 2 per cent. commission ; and they are rcdeema hie, ut par, in two years. From the Briilg^port, Ct. Farmer, extra, Jan 15. STB AM BOAT LEXINGTON BURNT. One hundred and fifty lives lost. Our citizens were alarmed on Monday evening, by the appearance of a great light at some distance we>t, on the sound, which wus generally believed to be a steam boat on fire. Nothing conclusive, however, was heard in regard to it till the arrival of our boat Irom Now York, on Tuesday afternoon, which brougnt the melarcholy intelligence that the light was occasioned by the conflagration of the steamboat Lex ington, which was entirely des'royed, and th.it all on board except three perished.? j On" of the survivors. Cap'. Milliard, of Norwich, in this State, whom we have seen and conversed with, came on hero in the boat. The Lexington left New York at 3 or clock, P. M. for Stoningtnn. About half' past 7 o'clock, wh n off Eton's Neck, L- j I., the Aood work, casings, dec. about the ' floes, were discovered to be on fire. An alarm was immediately given, and all efforts to subdue the fl.ni"S proving unavailing, Hie pilot headed the boat directly for Lon : Island shore. In about 15 minutes it was was found the tiller ropes were burnt in two, and the boat consequently unmanageable. The engine, however, k"pl in ope ation. under a heavy head of steam. The three small boa s wer?' go' out with all possible base, but they swamped soon after they struck the water, in consequence of the sp ed a: which the steamer was going toward* the shore. A Ide-bo.at, which was aboard, was also hiunch 'd, but by some means, was in a few minutes unrortunately lost. No relief, therefore, was ob ain -d from either of the boats. When the Lexington j had got within about two miles of the shore her engine suddenly stopped. All hop's of escape to those on board, except by clinging to such articles of freight as would sus tain them, were now cut off. The freight of the L xington cons s'ed principally of col'on, on which some of the passengers tried to save themselves, hut none succeedcd except Capt. Hilltaid and a fellow pas. scnger, lioth of whom got asi-ideof a single ha e, on which tliey kept together till 6 o'clock in the morning, when the s rength ol C ip . I lilliard's coinp uiioii tailed him, and lie fell otF and wan drowned. C?p:. H* eon intied on his hale of cotton till 11 oVIo -k, A. M. Tuesday, when he was taken off* bv a sloop which went out from Southpor, having been exposed about 15 hours. Two others, cling ng to a fragment of the bout, were also rescued by this sloop; one the engineer, the o h"r the fireman of the un'ortunate boat. The bodies of t vo others, one a co'ured woman, were likewise taken from a part of the wreck, on which they had perished from cold. The number on board. Cap'. II. t -inks, was not less than t75, of whom 150 were ifucnnir >ra mil ,?f Mfhifh. hn Jlcll-'VeS llilTl? -I ?> ' " 1 - self lo be I he only one saved. Among the number, were five fir six women, and t*o or .liree childr-n. The scene on boa d wa ; awful beyond description. The fire being midway of the boat, cut off all roinmunicn. 'ion from one end to the other* The passengers crowded together in the bow and stern, moaning and bewailing their fate, nil compelled to cast thems' lves into the watery d'-ep, to escape the fl.irne?. The boat drjf.ed with the tide, and sank a 3 o'clock off our harbor. Tic most persevering efforts w? re made in the vicini y of Bridgeport, and at Soil! port, .o go in aid of the suff rers; but all a iempts socm to have boon entirety fruitless, owing to the ice in the harbors. One boat, alter succeeding in getting out of Southport harbor into the middle of the Sound, was compelled to return. From the Charleston Courier. Wilmington, (N. C.) in Ashes.?We record with deep sorrow the disastrous intel ligence of ihM d< st rue ion by lire of a third par' ofthi- flourishing town. Her generous and enterprizing people have our wann sympathy in their calamity ; and we (rust, not withstanding our own palaces are y?*i lising amidst the ruins of a like desolation, and notwithstanding the 8 ver? financial embarrassments under which we are suffer iug, tha1 the distressed condition of our sis. ;or city wfll mak** an ? ff ctual appeal to the liberality of our citizens. Wilmington has peculiar claims upon us, as well by reason of her daily intercoms', and close conn? x ion with us, as in consequence of her prompt rharitv. h*-r su ift errand of niercv. when our own beaut.ful and beloved oily was lying in ashes. The return boatt after iter reception of ihe news of our disaster, brought us a liberal contribution, the rcsu't of but a lew hours' collection, rendered doubly acceptab!" by the ready benevolence which prompted it?the obligation now r? sis upon us to make the prompt and liberal return and lot us nobly red* em it?out of our veiy necessities |?t us minister to the wan s of our afflicted sister city The great conflagration which ravaged our eity occured on the nig t of the 27>liand the morning of the 28th April 1838 ; and in he Courier ot tie 2d May appeared the following acknowledgment of gratitude to Wilmington. " Noble Li ben lily_?His Honor the Mayor received yesterday from the Mayor of Wilming'on the sum of $1,000 tlm contribution of mat city for tie? r??|j?-f of the sufFers by our recent confl igration. An aci ol such prompt benevolence awakens our live, lies; and mos heartfelt gratitude. And in a few days afterwards wo added the following *' Generous Wilming'on wlios* ver> thought of our dossier was accomp mied by the act of relief lias increased uer subscriptions to $2,000." The subjoin ex r tcis of letters received from Wilmington give the particulars of the conflagration. WILMINGTON N. C., JAN. 17.? We have suffered a great calamity; about naif pust 2. A. M., a Fire broke out in L)uwsou's store, near the Cour; House, which consumed the whole square, except one of Rotor's hous'-s, ftie corner opposite .he Slate Bank, the Old Cathorda House.*? The fire extended to the lower square,and consumed the whole *.o the river, except the Cape Fear Bank, the Martin House, nnd ohJ Mr J nnes,' and u budding back of the Martin House, which had been used hy R. I J. Porter. The Court House is also burnt; botii Printing Offices, 5 Lawyer's do. SlieritFs do., Clerk's of the Court do.. Custom House, &c. The number of buildings destroyed compromise about one third of the .own, and that in the very centre of business. P. S.?Relief to Wilmington.?We learn with pleasure that the Mayor of this City, transmitted, yesterday, to the Mayor of Wilmington, the sum of two thousand dol lars nsa donation-by our City Council, for a the relief of the sufferers by the fire. Wo doubt dial our citizens will cordially approve the act. The Philadelphia North American states i that the member of the family of Mr. Gloon, who were poisened with arsenic, have ail recovered, and are considered by the physicians as out of dar.ger from the effects. The virtu' s of the liydriate p'-roxide of iron a.> an aniido e for arsenic have been fulTy tcsied in .tus instance, as ill >ro is no doubt ^ the lives of tlcse six persons havd^been preserved by i s timely use. y The S ecretary of War has sent in to the Senate his communication in reply to the resolution of Mr. Tappan in relation to the retir ment of officers of sixty years of age on Irilf pay. lie states all that the resolution asks, and volunteers a plan of his own. Mr. Poinsett's plan is ** .hat any officer who from age, wounds, or other infirmities, becomes unfit, retire from service on his ordinary pay without rations or other allow, unee whatever, and the officer next in the line of promotion, fill the place with the rank of the retired officer, with the emoluments belonging to that rank, and the pay of the Commission from which he may be promoted?so that if tne Colonel retire, the Lt. Colonel sh ili have the vacant colonfly* and he Colonel with ttie pay of a Lt. Colonel, ? and the emoitirfl' nts of a full Colonel." CONGRESS. In Senate the bill for the occupation of Florida by armed settlers is still under discussion. ' Mr. YVhite of Tennessee, after presenting the resolutions of the Legislature of that stale, instructing him to vote for the sub treasury, and gererally to support the measures of the Administration, made known his ^ purpose to resign. He then read a? his Sea- ^ sons for doing so, a letter which he had prepared ir. answ??rto the resolutions. The Treasury bill having been made the special order o? the day for 14th inst. wae taken upon that day. Mr. Clay,(of Ky.) moved o postpone it till Monday week beclus* five of the states, namely Massachusetts, NevT Vork, Virginia, Tennessee and Michigan were represented only in part. After a short discussion the motion was lost, 16 to 26. Motions were mad* to increas.'tbesalaries of R'-ccivers in the principal cities, which generally prevailed. The remainder of the day was spent in considering the details of the bilk Jan. 15. The Treasury hill was agaftl t.'k? n up and the day spent in considering its details. Jan. 10. Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, pits' tiled a memorial of the American Silk Society asking the aid of Cong: ess in publishing their periodical, and in i:s gratuitous distribution. Mrf Cluy mode a few remarks On the subject of this memorial, and ex|ijess<'d an opinion in favor of a duty on foreign silk. This led to a brief colloquy between Mr. Calhoun a id Mf. Clay which we shall copy from the National Intelligent cer next week. The remainder of the day w.is spent in receiving unimportant reports from commiitees, and considering the deta Is ol the Treasury bill* Jan. 17. The Treasury bill was ngam taken up, and utter a snort time, ordered to * be engrossed* House of Representatives. On the 13th January the House was brought by aid of the previous question, to vote upon Mr. Campbell's resolutions refermg the New Jersey contested election to the committee of electiuus. 1 he resolutions were adopted 176 to 16. ^ Af'erwards an abolition petition w is presented by Mr. Lincoln of Massachusetts, its reception wan objected to by Mr. Dromgooie ufVa. Mr. Johnson of Maryland moved to ^ lay the question of reception on the table ; which motion, af.er some discussion, prevailed 131 to 68. Jan. 14.?Mr. Thomson of S. C. moved to suspend the rule for the purpose of offering a resolution to lay all petitions and papers on the8uhject of slavery on the table without debate. On this motion the vote stood 128 to 77. Tne majority being less than two thirds the rule was not suspended. Rules and Orders. The report of the committee on the rules and orders of the House, of which Mr. Hoffman is chairman, having been made the special order for this day, was taken up. Tin' Report, proposes several alterations in the Rules, ihe principal of which are? That "No member shall speak more than once [instead of twice, as the rule now stands] to tin' same question, without leave of the House uuless he be the mover, proposer, or introducer of the matter pending; in which case he shall be permitted to speak in reply, but nor until every member choosing to apeak shall have spoken." That a motion to fix the lime to which the House shall adjourn shall have the same right of priority over every other question as a motion to adjourn. 1? *? a?amm!saS QWil i o aner u?t? ruie v* muu rctugmoto define* the effect of Me Previous Question, go that it shall read as follows; "The previous question shall be in this form, 'Shall the main question now be put V It shall only be admitted when demanded by a majority of the members present, and its effects shall be to put an end to all debate, and bring the House to a direct vote upon amendments reported by a committee, if any, upon pending amendments, and then upon the the main question," cjf*c. The following Resolution was also recommended by the committee for adoption by the House; 'Resoled, That, afler the adjournment of this session of Congress, the Speaker direct the desks before the seats of memberg to be removed." The first of the proposed amendments wag adonted. 98 to 74 : aud the secand 101 to 95. The House adjourned without acting on the ^ third. # Jan. 15.?On motion of Mr. Campbell, a clerk was allowed to the committee of elections. Mr. Hoffman, chairman of the select committee on amending the rules of order, called for the order of the day; which was the consideration cf that commi: tee's report. And that being taken up as the unfinishedtmsiness of yesterday, the question recurred on the only remaining amendment reported by the committee wh'Cb had not been acted on, viz; Resolved, That, after the adjournment of this session of C ingress, the Speaker direct the desks before the seats of members to be removed. Mr. Hoffman addressed the House in sup*