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IN LIFE'S DISASTROUS SCENES, TO OTHERS DO, Number 42. ? I I I I I I WHAT YOU WOtl.U WlbH BY OTHfcHb UONK TO YOU. _ Dahuin. j{ i az rtte7 Thursday, January 16, 1817. "Volume I TERMS : The price to Subscriber* is g3 per annum , exclusive of fiostage ; and in all case* where Rafters shall be delivered at the expense oj the publisher , the price will be 50 a year , to be paid six months Qfter subscribing. It is ev/iectedy however , that subscribers li - ving at a distance* from the inconvenience of collection , will pay in advance. Terms ol advertising in this Gazrttk. Advertisements not exceeding eight line s will be firinted for fifty cknts, for the first publication , and half that firice for every subsequent insertion . Larger advertise ments will be charged in proportion. A liberal discount will be made on the bills of those who are constant or consider ble customers in this line . t4t If *0 direction* are given with an ad vertisement , it will be continued till forbid* Wholesale Prices Current. Domestic Article ?? Cotton, Sea Island / ? Upland* Rice, prime new cvti Flour* Superfine bbl h Fine country Corn, buah Wheat, . Tobaoeo* leaf - lb ? manufactured Charleston ? Camden* 'Ajoo 0 . 0 48| 0 24 . 0 25 0 21.0 23 )00 ? 5 00| Whiskey# J^'j0 60 ? 0 65 Butter, ^0 23 . 0 25 Bacon? 0 14-017 Lard, 0 30.022 Tallow, 0 18*0 20| Bees Wax, |o 28 . 0 30| Hemp, Homeapun. cotton ycfjo ? N. Carolina tow Shoe thread, lb Indigo, prime. Dear Skint In hair, Foreign Article ?. , Coffee, prime, Ik ,, ' old ? Sugar# Muscovado ]0 12.0 15 Salt# ; busk 0 55 .0 05 Iron, . 100 M. 5 00 .6 00 Motasaea* gal v> 45 ? 0 48| 15 ? OO.O 001 0 00, 1 00 0 U,0 16 0 75 . 0 80 0 19.0 23:0 30.0 38 2* .14 8 7 \ 50 0 00 0 10 .0 II |0 20 .0 25 0 80 .0 85 0 18.0 25 0 12 .0 15 0 12 .0 15 |0 00.0 18 0 00 .0 25 0 30 .0 37 |0 25 .0 30 62 trTs .087 18 RfcPOHT Of the Committee ofiftointed rm the 4th in I etani% to impure into the expediency q/ ! repealing or modifying the law pasted at the (Q9t 9e*8ion% changing the mode of eomfientaiio* to the member ? of Congreo*. ~ f (Concluded.) - There now remain tome other topic* 1 connected with; thit subject, which the committee' would submit to the considerati- | oft <>f the House. Of all the powers with which the people 1 have invented the government, that of le gislation is undoubtedly the chief* In ad dition to ita own important ordinary duties, the legial%t|ure ia the only power which can create other power*. Department* with al 1 their duiiet and office** with all their emo lument*, can emanate from the Legitlarure Alone* ~ the moat numerous h ranch J of the Leg&letoe, therefore the people have retained the Dower of flrequeht election*; and with (hi* branch alone they have i rutt ed the original exercise <;?t he right of taxa tion. The member* ot the Hou*eef Repre sentative* are the apodal delegates and a fteots of the j|pcopl* in thit high \ru*t? Theft and they alone, proceed immediate* I y frdfci the suffrage of the people. ~T hey, and they alone, can touch the maio-sprtng of the puMic prosperity ? ' They are elec ted to be the guardian* uf the public rights * and liberties. Can the people then, have any greater or clearer interest, than that the teats of the*e, their representatives, should be honorable and independent sta tions, in order thai >hey may have the power of Ailing them with able and inde- j pendent men t Is it according to the ^principle* of our government* that the le^< le^slatW* office anmitd eiult? fin character j and Importance, below any offi -e. even the highest in the gift of the executive f , Or can any thing be more unpropitiona ?? the success of a free representative po vemment, than that the representative* of the people thwuld estimate atiy thinfc high er than their oWn seats,' t*r should find inducement* to. took *o any o(her favour than the favour of their con*tituent* I L It would be a moat unnatural state of things, in a republic, if the people should place greater reliance any *here else, than in their own immediate representatives ; or if, on the other hand, representatives should revolve round any other centre than p the interests of their constituents Through their representatives, the direct influ ence and control of the people can alone be felt. In them the rays of their power are collected ; and there can he no better I criterion by which to judge of the real in fluence of the people in the government, than by the degree of respectability and " importance attached to the represen tative character. Kvil, indeed, to the re public will that time be, should that ever arrive, when representatives in ' ongress, instead of being agents of the people to ex ercise An influence in government, shall become instruments of government to in fluencc the people. It is* probably, the necessary tendency of government that patronage and influ ence should accumulate wherever the ex ecu'ive power is deposited ; and th'rs ac cumulation may be expected to increase with the progress of the government and the increasing wealth of the nation. To guards* far as possible against the ef fect of this on the legislature, the consti tution has prohibited members of ongress from holding, while members, any office under executive appointment ; but it has not restrained them from resigning their seats to accept such appointments, nor from ac< epting them after their term of service hus expired ; nor has it prohibited the grant of such offices to their relations, connection*, or dependents ? There are hundreds of offices in the gift of the ex ecutive, which, as far as the pecuniary e molument is concerned, are preferable to seals in Congress ; indeed there are none except of the very lowest class, which in that respect are not preferable. Is it for the interest of the l>eople, that iheir re presentatives *liou id be placed in this con dition ? Is i& expedient thai better service should be commanded for any other de partment, than for the hall of legislation ? Or, admitting that f.ffices of high uust and responsibly in ti.e state, such as will he commonly regarded less from motives of pecuniary emolument, than from the love of honorable distinction and devotion to the public service, t should possess more at tractions than the legislative office, is it still fit or expedient thai suboidinate pla tes in government) such at have no recom mendation hut the aalariies and perquisites belonging to them, should have the same influence I, And yet not only la it well known that persons, at every election, decline being candidates for the legislature, but the go vernment has rot been without instances in which members of either House have relinquished their seats in the Congress of the United States, to accept offices of a very low grade* Can the public interest require the establishment of a habit of filling such places tyr candidates takeir from the legislative body ? Or, what is the value, to the people, of the right of repre sentation, if tliey have nothing lo give, which their representatives will not relinquish for even the smaller appointments of the execu tive power ? It cannot but tend more, one would think to the permanent safety of ihe republic, that no such hopes or motives should exist; that there should be no in ducements of this nature, either to an un faithful and compliant discharge of official duty, or to a more indirect, but not It ss pernicious exercise of the influence of a public character and a public station, The geographical extent of the United States fuvnishes a case out of all analogy with eny thing which his heretofore exist ed, either in any state government or the government of any other country. There ?re members of Congress who reside more than a thousand miles from the seat of go vernment \ a greet proportion live at more i than half that distant*. If these members are accompanied by their families to I ses sion of Congress, even the present com pensation, with the strictest economy,: i dor* not defirav their expences. To live pwithin the mean* provided for them, they must come as exiles from their own homes -?they must abandon, not only all private pursuits, but the enjoyment of all domes tic relations, and live like strangers and j temporary lodgers in the metropolis of I their own rowntry, flow fsr it is wise in government to demand of tho*e who en ter i*$ service this sacrifice of all social feeling*. tho?e who have the deepest know ledge of our nature are most competent io judge* It is a sacnhce, which wrl n t ordinarily, and for any lenth of time I e made, by such as have the dearest ana strongest ties to their country, and the greatest possible stake in its prosperity. One further observation is obvious. If an adequate provision be not made for members of Congress, the office will fall, exclusively* into the hands of one or 'wo descriptions of persons ; cither of the mos1 affluent of the country only, who can bear the charges of it without any compensa tion : or, of those, who would accept it, not for the compensation legally belonging to it, but from the hope of turning it to at* count by other means. A reasonable al lowance, neither extravagant on the one handi nor parsimonious on the other, would seem to be the best security against \ these various evls. Influenced by thuse ? considerations. Congress w<w at the last session, of opinion, that the compensa tion to members, had become inadequate. The Committee are still of the same opi nion. In many cases it was not equal to the expence incurred by individuals in their attendance on the Legislature ; and in all cases, it must be presumed that the labour and intelligence bevtowed on the discharge of his official duttrs, by an able and., faithful member of - ? ongress, could not out yield a much more ptufit tble re sult if employed in piivate pursuits* tfTtie view, which cue committee have taken of this subject, be not altogether an erroneous one , if great changes, in rela - tion to the value of money, and the price of living, have taken place in the country ; if it has been found necessary to provide for this change, by an increase of the com pensation of other officers throughout the general and state government* ; and more than all, if it be desirable to maintain the constitutional importance of the legisla tive office i to Open tgUie peopl.- a wide field for the selection otN^preseniatives / to put at their command the best talent* in i respective distric t ; and to ena l ble thtm to retain the services of those, whnsfe knowledge and experience have < bt|t flud iiitm to ptom're then inter ests J maintain their rights; then, the object of the law in question not on ly a useful, but a highly important and - commendable object. In regard to the mode^rf accomplishing that object, it? has not been, and is not, easy to reconcile opinions. On the whole, the cofomittee are of opinion, that under i all the circumstances, it is advisable to provide, that the increase of pay sh ould be made in tbe form of an addition to the former daily allowance* They, there fore^ recommend, th a in lien of all other compensations! thete be paid to members of Congress and delagaies of terriioi iea,* ? ???? dollars per day (or their aciual attendance, and ? dollafs lor every twenty mile* travel to and tromthe seat of government* And thty report a bill for that purpose. LAWS OF SOUTH-C\IU>UNa. AN ACT to make oil the Officer ? of the A1t? litia of thU State , elective, WHERE A3 experience hassltcwn that it is expedient that the Officers <4* the Mi litia of this State should rise by seniority / for remedy wtireof, He it enacted by the honorable the Senate and Ifoute of b efircnentvvc* of the *wd state . now met and witting in gmerat annrmbly , and it it hereby enacted by the authority uf the # ante , That from and after the passing of this act, when any vacancy aha'l take place in any of the Military Commmioits of the Militia of tbJs State* the same shall be filled by election in the following man ner: when any vacancy shall take place, in the Commission of maj. Gen. the Go vernor for the time being* shall forthwith i*sne his Orders to the several brig. gen* of the diviaon in which such vacancy shall happen, requiring such Brig. Generals to Older an election In each regiment, within the division In which such vacancy Itlff occured, for a Major Geneneral, to fill such vacancy ; and all Commissioned officer* of the division, in which such va cancy shall have Happened, shall be entit led to vote for a Major. General, and any Commissioned officer of the division in which such vacancy shall have occured? shall he eligible to the office of Major General ; and each Colonel shall return the stste of the poltv of hit re^imt W, to the Brigadier General, who ?hatl submit the same to the Governor, who i* hereby im powered to pronounce the' person having the greatest number of 1 otes, to be duly c* lected, and shall commission such jxrison accordingly. And be it further enacted, k*t he authorfy aforesaid, rl hat when any varancy shall uke place in the Commission of Ui igad er General the Major General, and in case there is no Majcn Genera), then the next commanding officer of the division shall forthwith issrte his orders to the several Colonels of the regiments composing ihe bngade where such vacancy shall he. to ho d in each of their respective regiments* an election for B igad ec General, to fill such vacancy *, anJ all com missioned offi cers ol tne brigade, where tliere shall be such vacancy shall be entitled to vote lor Brigadier General to fill the same. And any commissioned ffirer of such brigade, shall be eligible to ? he office of Brigadier Gene* rai ; k each Colonel shall attend the count* ing out tne voles, and return the state of the polls ol his regiment to the comman ding officer ol the division, who shall pro* nounce tne person having the greatest num* ber of votes duly eleceted, and commission him accordingly. And whtn any vacancy shall take place in the commission of Colonel of infantry, the same shall Ik filled by election, by all free white men, above the age of eighteen years, who reside within the said Regi ment, (exccpt such persons as attached to the cavalry, or any regiment of at tillery) the person having th greatest number of votes, shall be the person elected. When any vacancy shall take place in the Commission of Litttt. . oloncl, iht Ma jor then in Commission in the same regi ment shall be immediately commissioned Lieu . Colonel, and whenever a vacancy, shall t k place in the Commission of Ma jor the same shall he filled by election by all free white men above the age of eigh teen years, who belong to the Battalion, where such vacancy shall occur, the per* son having the greatest number ot voue shall he eic* ted ; When any vacancy sh.?ll take place in the Commission of Coptaifl, first Lieute nant ?econd Lieutenant or Kntign in any beat company, the same shall be filled by election, by all free white men above the age of eighteen years*' residing within said b< at company, the person having the grea est number of votes shall be the ptraon e lected .? Provided nrv T hele **, that noth ing herttn contained shall extend to any volunteer corps of Artillery, Cavalry or light infantry, who shall elect their respec live officers from amongst themselves in the following manner. When any vacancy shall take place in the Commission of Colonel of Cavalry, the same shall be elected from amongst the officers non-commissioned officers and pri vates of the said Regiment, by themselves, the person having the greatest number of votes, to be the person elected t When any vanram y shall take place, In the Commission of Lieutenant Colonel or Major of t avalry, or Major of Artillery, the same shall be filled by election, by the officers, non-commissioned officers and privates, composing the said Battalion or squadron from amongst themselves the person having the greatest numbtrof votes, to be the person elected. When any racancy shall take place in the Commission of any Captain, first Lieu tenant, second Lieutenant, Kn>ign or Cor net of any company of Anil ery, Light Infantry or troop of Cavalry, the same shall be filled by election by the officers, non-commissioned officers and privates of the said company or trdop. from amongst themselves, the person having the greatest number of votes shall be the person elect ed. . . " Be it further enacted . That when the Commission of a Colonel shall become vacant, the Brigadier General, or in case there he no Brigadier General or Major General, commanding the said Region nt, the Governor fcw/the time being, shall ap point two fit and proper persons to open and hold a poll at each ol the battalion mut ter grounds of the said Regiment, and two at and proper persona te open and hold a poll at the Regimental / muster ft round of the said Regimtnt, which said managers shall adveitM 'the tame, for for?y days, in twelve public places* in the said Regiment ; the said managers shall Itold the polls one day at each place, front eleven o'clock in the morning, until three in the afternoon and shall m*et at the Re trimental mns'CT ground, on the day fol lowing, and count over the votes, and de clare the election. Be it further enacted , That when the