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ore its majtsiic appearance, acknow . her dominion. ?og3 occur ai all bcanons of the year, but particularly dur ing spiing and autumnal months. 1 have seen this tonn of nitsi so thick once or twice as to o'jscurc objects at toe distance of only thirty or toitv lect. Ci>ol we ather is gene i ail commensurate with the latter part ot September, or the beginning of October. Durm^ the fall of 18J1. 1 :e collect to have Witnessed a chancer, more sudden and gxeat, than hasoccuned here, for many years. Mild cases of bilious complaints became suddenly malignant, and the inroads of death couid be trace in every part of |U?c country. I well remem ber, that the weather had been unusu d y pleasant ; insomuch tuat the Artificial warmth oi fires was not required, when about 12 o'clock, on the last Sunday of "September, the wind passed immediately to tbe north west, and it became so coo! a-> to compel eveiy oiret wht> i equaled ias health, t > put on thick clothing, and build fires. I regret ve y much, not h mug had a thermometer io ascertain the exaci de crement of temperature, as it was one of the most sudden and great that has occur red for many years. During tne fall o( 18 12, transitions were gteat, hut not near as sudden as ihe me morable charge of lfi 11. They were uni formly ushered in by a north western wind, which, at one time prevailed for four o. five days. 1 he consequence was; greater quantities of host appeared about the mid dle ol November, than had been seen for many years. -v 1' lost usually makes its appearance a bout the latter part ot October, but its existunce depends upon so man) casualties, that, the exact time is by no means fixed. 1 he influence, ol sudden changes, is a - like obvious, as it regaids the animal and Vegetable kingdoms. Mild diseases, whe ther .epidemic or sporadic, suddenly In come highly inflammatory, and if univer health ptevailed, colds, anginas, ca tarrhs and pleurisies become general. lis influence upon the vegetub.e creation, is known by the deca\ of foliage and an im mediate check; upon vegetation. 'Hence we discover, that its growth would be pro tracted to an indefinite length of time, were rt not for the variableness of climate, and sudden predominance of cold. 'I he month of December, is marked by greater uniformity, and followed by a total suppression of growth in those plants which are incapable of resisting the severi ty of winter, but this uniformity is ^on ##ned io particular years, for Hit i care no two alike. 1 his remark, however, is not ?, without its exceptions; for the weather 1110,1 lh when cunt lasted with Climates of regularity would be call d Va liable. | wish it to be understood there fore* that I think it more uniform, than tnottoi those months which pieced - it JWry tree, except the tribe of evergreens is divested of a covering at oner ornament al and pleasant. The greatest deg.ee of coid ever witnessed, takes pluce b tw-en the twenty-fifth ot December, and last of January. it IS believed, that the hand of civillzu- ! tion und Bgricul ure, has wrought a con siderable change in climate, by U>e la.ids of limber, but the want of thti* rnometrical observations, disqualifies me Jfcrar?wit?n an accurate conclusion I tc. collect whilst a boy, io have seen ice over small creeks and branches, sufficiently strong to bear the weight of a horse, which has not occurred, 1 believe within eighteen or twenty years j in short, we now seldom witness the smallest stream, or ponds iced J entirely over, ami when it does happen, it, thickness rarely exceeds one <j, tarter of an inch, and even than, the water for the most part, has been previously chilled by a fall of snow or slf ? I It is remarkable, that thee coldest part of the twenty-four hour*, during this and every other season or month of the year, is from an hour4>efore to the break of day ? this circumstance is so strikingly obvious* io render us very sensible of it at times* tinder a covering which had been sufficient ly warm through the preceding part of the night. ^ Aljout the latter part of February, and ?. ? s,?hH ^gelation are discovered here, hut mav be seen about a fortnight Or three weeks sooner, neat the sta-boaid. should be observed, the far ther you retede from the coast, the more backward ? vegetation. The temperature or ike weather always uncertain, retuids ,his P'ocress accoidiiu.lv I have always observed that winters, which Wfe severe at their commencement an gtir'd an early spring. . This ivgenerali, inauspicious to fruit, for when atfWesskm Of warm weather happens, a, eaily a, ?,e middle of Feb. trees in bloom, ure con wquently loaded with incipient fruit by (he fii'Si of March, rhe germ being tinder is easily blasted, and in case ol a return of rold weather, with rain or mist, succeeded byfreeting, i!iey meet with inevitable da*. Mrin.tion. The corolla, whose calyx -U tubulated or cupped, receives and reta.ns *?*tFr, which u|>on freezing, destroy* the principle of life, and deprives us of that y.?ars harvest. The farmer's blighted I hopes are thus often blighted. This was ^jOuliy exemplified in the wmttx. of 1813. iom about the month ot December, the wind commenced blowing from the north west, and continued wuh the exception of a few days, from that point until about the I Ith or 12th ot January following. The weather became unusually cold. Dr. Siiliman of Suteburg, informed me, that t-?e mercury had descended twice to the iSh degice of Farenhehs scale. 1 he weathel during tins term, was tolerably uniform, but as soon as contrary winds be gan to prevail, it became unusually warm, variable ant! wet. This was followed by st vere thunder and lightening, on the last day of heb.uary, which is a phenomenon that I do not recollect to have witnessed be fore. It is to be obsei ved, that this sin^u ,ar storm wuv ushered wmd ' SOU 1H AVIHRiCA. Extract fr'jin another letter, dated Buenos sly res, August rg "I have omitted to say any thing about the Portugese expedition; in deed, we have generally forgot it; it put into St. Catharine's, whether intentionally, or by stress of wea ther, is not known. Many think that its destination was for St. Catharine's, there to maintain the troops at a cheaper rate, and in a better climate than at Rio Janeiro; but it appears to me th<* Portuguese government, if .such had been its in tention, would have advised with this government. The government of Buenos Ayres, since its declarnrion ot independence, has written, lorn told, to demand the Portuguese government, the object and the de stination of tile expedition." Extract o/ a later too genu, man in Am. I \o X*, dated f( P^RRACOA) Sept. 26. ? 1 ' We haveju^ been favored with I accounts from Barcelona. The in ?jrgems, headrd by Piar, Monaaa I and Marino, have taken that place! I .The troops, in the neighbourhood of Barcelona, were commanded byT , n Lopez, who suffered co?bi derably After Gen. L. was de feated, he sent one of his aids to | communicate ihr result co the Gov- I f rnor, and suggested to him an im- I mediate evacution of the town. 1 he (Governor issued his pro- 1 clamation permitting all the inhabi- I tants to seek protection in flight I hey embarked forthwith for Cum rtions. Gen. I.opez proceeded to form a junction with General Morales, whol was about four leagues from Cuma- I he succecds in ..uniting hisl forcc, victory will be on their side.*' I New- York, Oceober ?o. INTERESTING. By letters from St. Thomas, we thit Geo Marino was. on tho' I eve of capturing Cuinaniand Bar celona with a strong patriotic divi Gen. Bolivar had arrived at I Carupano, it is said, with tne ir.- I tention of joining his exertions to those of his friends and companions in arms and misfortunes. Com. ' Biron wuh his fleet, was in the gulf of Paria; and the Spaniards are re ported to be of inferior force. The I island of Marguerita was still under the Patriot flag, which was waving in every part. I The preceding, we think, mav be relied on. It comes directly I from a gentleman of St Thomas to Ins friend here. ( I r?n?tete<t for the Baltimore Patriot ) Extract of a letter , dated Ltguajra, [ September 18. I " Since*the date of my last re spects by this opportunity, thc pa triots have taken possession of Bar celona, after routing with great slaughter, a detachment of royalists sent out to oppose them. Thev amounted to about 1 50a men from the Oronodo, and in is said are com manded by thc same M'Grego. I whom the govermen officially sta- I ted to have been killed, with the whole of his force, in the battle of the 2d of August, at Quchradita, a - place tvot jo leagire* from Carrccas, upon which they marched, after landing on the coast, but who on the contrary escaped into the inte rior, with nearly the whole of his j men. Within the taVt days, j 1 eight vessels have arrived from Bar celona, with as many ot the inhabi- 1 tants as the shortness of the notice enabled them to get off. "It is stated however this morn ing, by an arrival from thatquat ter, that a force from Cumanahacl march ed upon Barcelona, and that the in surgents, after plundering the town, had abandoned it with great preci pitation. The markets arc still the same." = ? FOREI jN. F NG L AN D. IV K S / (I.\ .V / K Ii ME K HAG. At a meeting, convened at the palace y ut ci , on the 14th of September.. for the purpose of considering, and pioposing re lief to, the distresses of the people of Knglund ? numerous speeches were made, accompanied wilh divers resolutions. The meeting whs respectable and the speakeis men ol eminence and talents. Messrs. Pahkes, flu nt and Walnkh ; Sir Fkan-i cis liuHDtiT aim Lord Cochran g, de livered their sentiments on this interesting occasion. In the course of an animated efi'osion Sir 1 rancis findett bcsiowed a just encomium on that truly virtuous man and greaLpluosopher. John Hornk Tooict 4 a man who*>e whole life had been sacri ficed for the public good " He compared, in a strain of humour, the British ministry lo Petruchio . and people to Catharine ? who was actually rtfttrved in subjection and obedience lo her lord. No ln>e?al mind but what mu*>t sympathise with tne fito/tlt of Knglund* while it must detciit tkat tern of government or rather of usutpa flun, which has reduced them to such an unprecedeired state. The meeiin ? moke up after adopting, unanimously, several patnoiic resolutions, and vot ng thanks to the high bailiff* of Westminster. Sou hern Patriot . Londov, September 7. A Treasury Journal announced last night, as evidence of the economy of Ministers, the following reductions, as intended, or actually carried into effect ; " ' * 7"' That they have already, sincc the ad journment of Parliament, reduced the ar my to ten thousand men. . That thu Ordinance expenditures is re duced from four millions to one. That the Commissariat Department is extremely reduced. That in the Barrack Department two of the Commissioners have been reduced, and the other pail of the establishment has been also reduced. That the Transport Department is en tirely abolished. That the Commissary in Chtcf has been abolished, and the Establishtn nt reduced That about one third of the Inspectors General ; Inspectors and Surveyors of Taxes, art* to be reduced* I That the West- India Commissioner* are j to be reduced from fi e to three. | The Medical Board to be reduced to one member. The Land Tax Registry Office to be re duced. ALGIERS. 44 The following is a copy of a noticc sent to all the commanders of the squad ron. It is an extract of the treaty made with the Dey. As a favor, I obtained a copy of it : , 44 The Commander in Chief is happy to in form the fleet of the fi:-al termination of their strenuous exertions, bythe signature of Peace, confirmed under a salute of 31 (tuns, on the following conditions, dictated by the Prince Recent : ? 44 I. rlhe abolition forever of christian slavery, 2. The delivery to my flag of all slaves in the dominions of the Dey, to whatever nation they belong, by noon tomorrow. " 3. To deliver to my flag all money re ceived by them for the redemption of slaves, since the commencement of this year, by fioon to-morrow. 4. Reparation has been made to the British Consul, lor all the looses he his sustained in consequence of his confine ment. 44 5. The Dey has made a public aftf>to%ys in presence ol his ministers and officers, t?nd begged pardon of the Consul, in terms dictated by the captain of the Queen Char lotte. (Signed) 44 EX MOUTH." 44 Algiers, 28th Aug. I8if>." The last ^article must have humbled the U? y not aliUit:. I Icr is i-j. b'.O'.jj-h? to l;.s bearings. , ?* The- huh* of W4t bn^ He rem, wt.irU * an ivrd i ao day s ago. proceeded iMimcii: utely for Genoa, having on board the n..o? n^y rtrUHH*rd by the l>rr, tor the nn<om ot the Cienoese, Uc. T -he. squadron under Lorfi Fx mouth, are now supposed to !>e at Mahon. Tbey- were to sail on the se cond instant, from Algiers, for this port." '1 he Ahjerines were ass steel in their deience b. komt Lutopeatv* ehtetl y French anion** wimm are reckoned 5 5 officers ot artillery, and 1 8 of engineers : but nothing could withstand ihe destructive tiic ol ihe cannon, ti.e bombs,' 'and tne rockets sho\.: * ed npon the place by the British men uf war. The principle inhabitants of the kingdom of Algu rs are Arabians, Moors and Jews estimated at ab>?\it 200.000 souls, wl.o are lorded ovei by 12,000 l urks, conscious of the malice the pettpte bvarthem asihe t> i ants of ihier country, ? These Tuiks ?arc a set of desperate men originally col lected in the Levant, who foi in li-e army, hold the reins of government, and kee[> the rest of the people under tribute. The cruelties and atio<. \ ies f?f all kinds the lat ter. experience from thier masters, can on ^y be equalled by tlner conduct towauN Christian slaves. A letter fiom Cairo, July .^>\\s that a Jew Leader has raised his stun lard near Babylon, and has already 200.000 Isralitrs associated with him ; that many Mus^el men desert and join them ; and that he ha s a fair prospect of being completely suc cessful in all his view*. The Ktiglish letters from Paris, Sept. 16, mention- that a majoiity of (he late chamber of deputies, have circulated a protest against its disolution and labor to counteract the \iews of t1fe king. They say he is badly advised, and fatally mistakes the sentiment of persons about him, for those of the nation. Frequent desertions aie said to have taken place among the Vendean corps. Lord ' xmouth is to return to England, and not proceed against Tump and Tropoli. A Brighton letter states, that the tide <4 emigration has turned, and that now mot^ passengers return ftom Fiance to that port tfiun leave it. FROM POUUAU-l'lUNCF. A?- w- Ycrky Aov^mbcr 5. By the brig Intelligence, Prince, which ai l ived heie on Sunday Irom Fort*iu* P' ince, letters have been received, elated I4th ul'. which b^ate that a French frigate had arrived there with a minister from H. M. C Majesty Louis _l 8th, whom presi dent Pet ion caused to be received, on land* ing, with every mark of respect' and at tention. But the moment they met, h? put this question to hinw ? " Ste, do y&u cant fully authorised to acknowledge the ?? dtficndence of Hay'i Being answered in the negative, Petion replied ? u Well, sir, I must absolutely decline entering into any negotiation whatsoever, until that prelimi nary acknowledgment has been solemnly made," then bo\Ved and reared. The frigate was to have proceeded to Cape Henry, wl ere, it was expected, the minister would not meet so gracious a re ception from the $mperor Christophe. Port-am Prince Wat illuminatedon the nights of tli?.jStH^ 9th and 10th October* in consequence pf the revision of the Con stitution, which- makes Petion President for life. H? was formerly appointed every four years. >? ^ Thepertonwho robbed the Phil adelphia bank has been detected, and the whole money and plate re- ? covered. His name U W. Leo nard Lewi% alias Lewis Leonard. , recently froin Albany: and a man of very impo ing manners and ap pearance. A cane was found in his possession of a large size, which o pened at the top, in which was dis covered a gun, the barrel about \ two feet long : on' the head of the j, stick there was a leather case, whijgji completely covered the lock cutlas and a pair of smaj|J pistols, concealed with great ingenuity, dotipt for purposes which he t?. best explain. * Si ill Later* Lewis Leonard, convicted of rob bing t^e Bank of Philadelphia, has been sentenced to n years confine ment In the penitentiary at hard la bor. New-Yokk, November 2. Letters were received in this city yester day fro in Philadelphia, Mating, that a very respectable Merchant, s ands ready, to contract to deliver to the Directors of the L'niied Sta'.es Bank, I'm Million* of J)ul Inrt, in Sfteeie. 'md receive United Stages 6 per cent, stock in payment.