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however constitutes an era the most auspt? 1 c ous to America that had yet occurred ; Tor in the year 1763. it Terminated in a definitive treaty of peace, guaranteeing our rights, and producing a considerable accession of territory. Having partially subdued civil and reli gious distentions, and pleased *ith the prospect of having maintained an honora ble and successful struggle against French, Spanish, and Indian injustice, for nearly the lapse of a century and a half, the co lonists be pan to entertain hopes of rivalling the mothar Country in magnificence and splendour. Wealth crept into the bosom of their cities.- Industry toiled in every ?corner, and the forest bowed to the axe of lahniir School* beg.tn toftourUh, I. iter ature diffbse^ her bri4ltaf>t ray a, ami the light which American darkness had bor rowed from the older Continent seemed to ^be reflected ^)*ck, with additional splen dour ; but foreign opprrstion began to rear Jier-demogorgon head amid. the lofty growth of the atlantic couat, and hope vanished before its deadly touclr The brightnesss of the morn was obscured by ihe thickening dotal* of the east, and- the gloom of dcapondeivcy darkened the bril liancy of met idian expectation. Injustice crowded insidiously upon our rights, and pressed too hedvy not to crush in embryo our fondest wishes. Having curtied on a long and bloody war with the moat power ful nations of Europe^Great-Uritain had partly exhausted her pecuniary stores, and the only alternative was to draw from her , p ? T _ col >n it % those supplies which she needed most* Accustomcd to perils, hardships and disappointments,* our fathera ware prepared to meet evetgr reasonable e*igen ; consequent, for from wanting that loyalty Which will ever attach an infant nation to a generous and fostering mother country, but the hardy and independent Sons of Columbia had not lost eight of that ungovernable spirit of liberty* which fired the souls of their ancestort, when they braved \hc dangers of the atlanuc*/ Bow down by oppression* until they had learn ed to brook every violation of human right* Which was not of too enormous a magni tude, the Colonfsti were for maintaining peace* merely upon a stipulated restriction of grievances ; but long accustomed to the system' of aggrandisement* proud Britania felt no disposition for a relaxation. Torturing the mind with a thousand de-? j lusovy schemes, lit length a pleasing pro spect of gratifying ber^brightest wishes I burst upon her, and suggested a plan by ' which an ample sufficiency for settling every contingency might be obtained, vis. The Staihfi Act and 'J oration on Tea . Had the mind* of the colonists been I originally lormedby the divine hand of na-. <Hurc, .for lawless submission, and degra dation, there would hfcve been no coercion I on the part of GreatnBritain ; but roused from her lethargy, Anfcrica began to re- I coil at such preposterotla measures, and ] Secession followed* I After the enactment of these parliafricti* tary laws, imposing additional duties, fit . J upon certain articles imported . for the use of the cotonicij It wtt sOort reported tfiat j Tea would arrive shortly. "Caucuss were convened to deliberate upon the subject* and decide whether it was moat advisable to submit to, or reject the obnoxious im- j position. The latter wa* adopted with avi dity. I Tea, shipped by the East-India com* pany, at length arrived, and the infuriate^.! minds of the citizens of Boston, became, 1 in a manner unCont rotable. Noi withstand- I ing the hostile appearances of the mother country, the bosom of America yet sigh ed for a return of mutual good understand ing. Her exertions were j still to bring J^ote. ? According lo historical informa tion it appears that the war be^an by CJueenAnn commenced anno dommi 1702, and continued until the peace of Utrecht 1713. of marrjue were apain is- 1 sued against Spain 1739. which concluded in the peace of Aix la Chapelie in 1748. In 1762 the war was renewed against Spai;i which terminated in 1763. about an ecclaircissement ; but in vain ; every regal measure was such as to inflame the mrnds of the lung since injured and oppressed. ~The an fortunate circitrr.s'ance ut the at tack upon the malitia at Lexington gave the finishing stroke to the conciliatory mea _ surc!i of the Americans* h*r green fields was spilled the first blood, which ?eased her sons at once pay tin debt of nature, and enshiine our immortal txnh right ? Liberty and Indjlpk kc t . The patriots of '76 yet remember the shock which it gave, Torpedo like to their inno cent brethren. They well remember that this vast and extensive coutirient trembled [ at the deed. Like an elcctiicaj spaik it. to fi6m- Main to Louisiana, and thr in d^fiuni bosom of 4 be patriot res*4ved if> chastise those who were guilty of sucii an abominable act of homicide, h however wafc thte prelude of a glorious prospect. Grece? flourished for a^seasori, but it was reserved for America, a continent em bracing such a variety of cHm&e, pos sessing s\jch a diversity of soil, fo exhibit to an astoni?#td <vor?d a specimen of civif liberty, wak.ii ahe alone has realized. Here no fetter are imposed on the spirit of investigation. llore the eagle eye ot ge nius may explore the a>cana of nature, mount the temple of fame, and proclaim to an admiring people the extent of its vision. Here political doctrines are sub ject to the ordeal of the severest scrutiny ; and here tiuth, of every kind, ma) be promulgated, which partakes not of * Ik ueirmrrs iBttit* The affair ot Lexington had. no np- ? proximation to the tet ruination of the American revolution ; it served only to cheer the drooping spirits of our discon folate friends, and augur a happy end. lyt is to the celebrated battles of Breed's hill* Saratoga, the Cowpens, and Yoik-Town I we are particularly indebted for this pro- ! ? pitious event ; and it is to the undaunted 1 courage and ptr>eve<tng genius of Quiiu | cy. >Samuill Adams. H.vkcock* Wash- I ingtoh, GAmn, Montgomery, Mtn. ckh, the much injured Oaths, and others we Are indebted for success. To many those we are doubly indebted, fdr the or ? ' ganirution of our armies. Having b&n brought up in the wilds of our country, where the soul of man, for a long time, r had known no control ; and unaccustomed to subordination* inferio^ officers ' were poorly Qualified for entering an army, in which prompt obedience to the dictates of a superior is so essential to the establish ment of distiplihe. Indefatigable fe*er tion however removed every obstacle, an<^, wr soon find theni disputing the p: Inn of victory with an army, which carried in its i 5 - ? ? * train carnage and devastation. We soon find |t arrested from tkut ver}$army? and supported by ntagnanimous soldiers ; men who, when in possession of it, knew how to tre^t the vanquished with humaitity, cherish the orphan and console t4ie hap ' less widow. ' i Thirty odd year A have already tfritnesseH the prosperity of independent America, minder the salutary influence of her benign government, since the bosom of her plains became stained by the blood of f>er heroic sons* On the 4th of July i7 76, the anni versary if which we have so often cekrbrat * A, was torn asunder,* cfkains prepared to bind us, by an EuAptan 4espot. Grate* ful the? be the heart of eVery American, to those who thundered AloUd sn unaliena ble' attachment to our liberties. Under | their glorious auspices, was Conducted through the storm of wfcr, our revolution ary Mfrk. But th? mere declaration of Independence was not enough to ^ecure that inestimable blessing. Sensible of this, our political fathers modelled a con stitution of &pia1 rights, which stands un parelleled in the annals of man. In it was realized what the philosophers and politi cians of antiquity only dreamed/ that of es tablishing a permanent and rational de mocracy. Under its divine Influence do her sons yet in the mild sunshine of liberty and rasp. Hail *acred polity by freedom rear'd ; Hail ?acred freedom, wlico by Itwi rttraio'd ; Without you, what were ouu ? a grovelling herd, tn riaiVP***. Inn- W?iH c\t< h*.tn'd. Sublimed by you, the Greek and Romau icgu'd In art?, unitvallcd; (J ! to Ute?t day*, lo Columbia may your iofiuettce uuprofan'd, To Ood like worth the gencrou* bo*om rake. And prompt tb? ?ag? lore aud fire the pott'i lays. fro be Continued. J By the Last Mails. 4 H a u LtnTr. September 14. FROM HAVANA. We learn by a pa^en^er in the sch>. 1 jinttiofits arrayed on Saturday from 1 lavai?a.;-| which port she left on the 1st inst. that1 General Apodaca, (late Governor ??f thai*] place,) recently appointed Viceroy of Mexi co, had arrived at Vera Cruz. where iht in habitants refused to acknowledge his auiho I Uy, *TU\ deUlhed fthtt and It Is sure prtaoh-^ ws The inhabitmitvof Hi*pamehr were to be rpe for a revolution. The* above mentioned gentleman hud recently been on the Spanish Main, and in- f form* that (<en. Bolivar, tn His aitacU? op Caraccas. was not wovtfttkrf. [We do not recollect to have seen it stated that he had been. J After the engagement, in which he was iterated and pttt to the tout, with the of fcOOTiotted- s* many more wounded and tAen prisoners, he em barked with the wreck of his army on hoard the fleet and put loses; but where bound was not known* Some conjectured that he would abandon the cause of the devolution as hopeless? -others that he h^d t^one for the purpose of obtaining reinfot cement*. This statement differs materially from those heretofore received ? they estimated his whole force in the battle at 800 ? thia makes his /t^p^mount to I3G0 men. Ciena? al Mi ta a. our informant also states after leaving Philadelphia, he had gone to Boceda de Puerda, near Tampa where he had./lu$ed an -army of 2000 men, 8c was ahort ly expected to land on some part of Cbba, to procure further re increments; and a considerable majority oi the inhabitants of jthat island were in favor of a revolution, mnd woutd join any cause that held forth t prospect oi emancipation from the Spanish yoke. We discover from the Aciu.Orfcatt* pa* pers, i hut earlv in This month, a FLEET of J&ghieen of armed *jhtps, fitted out by the Mexican Republic^ by a gentleman directly horn the westwaijd, that it was be^ lieved, they were destined against Pcn*a+ c old, with the vifew of capturing and holding possession of that important seaport. The Spanish authorities have apprehy^ded for some lime an attack on Amelia Island, by the Revolutionists. It is probable they will * endeavor ?Jto possess theimelveVof both jHrhtarola and Jtmrtid lAuna. which Would afford them a convenient port in the Uulph ol Meritb, and another on the Atlantic, adjacent to the United Stats, where they' couUI bring in and sell their pi izes, fit out cruisers aga nst the Spaniards, and procure provisions, naval stores, and all necessary supplies* Georgia Jeurnai, Aug. 28. ? Jixtratt of a frtttr Jrohi fori*, JuHe r 14 I he wife of Joseph Buonaparte is now going to leav? Paris and France.? -Before her departure she wished to di?pose ot the fine esi?|c of Motlontine ? She had not however, been able to find a purchaser ; but she wants to insert in the contratt of sale, a clause, to preserve the ri^ht 6f pur Chasing this btautiful estate, in qpe any change should take ftiace i 1 !" ? ' 4 i"- 3 -v JProm the National Axtoocdtt. Britjslrabolition of Slavery. ^ It is some months ago since we adverted to thi? subject, and endeavoured to open the eyes of our readers to tbe deletion and trick which the^iritiah goverment were gfoyingj off on their own subjects ami on the world, as regards the abolition of the slave trade, and me amelioration of tbe fate of the Afri^ j can. We then stated, and we quoted lb ' proof thereof, a wotk which was published^ undef the very nose of the Brhith ministry, by Robert Thorpe, Esq. formerly chief justice of Sierra Leone, ami judge of the vice admiralty court in tUut colony, and whtc!i, as far as we have seen* has never been refuted, that William Wilbeilorce was neither more nor less than a cunning and political juggltr, and that all the pub lications and reports to parliament on the nourishing state of the Sien a Leone settle ment, and the benefits it was praducing to | the African race, were nothing but a string I of prepared falsehoods, intended to delude | the imagination, and misrepresent lacts. | We are again called to thia subject by noli* | cing the following paragraph from that quarter : ? < Raltimork, Aug. 21. From Si*rta Leone, ? Capt. Dickinson of H the schr. Breeze, arrived here from Isle de Los, informs, that the American schr. Hi ram, Heavans, from Newport, R I. was condemned, vessel and car^o, on 2 1st of June, at Sierra Leone, for having purclias- | ed two or ll.ree quintals of Camwood and tv*o cannon, from an tngiish brig, within the distance of 3 leagues troni the coast, over which the English claim ihe junsdic ti *n, and which extends from Cape Siena I. tone a* lar as the rivtr Sheibio; nor will a h7feign vessel be sale ai the island liuna r n?.a unless anchored ai least as tar lo the westward as the middle paituf the i^at.d. IheTTTn^lIsh ha J capured a nun.ocr <f Spanish, I'ortu^ness. and Danish vtsseis. fend u was so profr.atile an employment as lo induce si i J aincs \v.o to come out m the -Inconstant fi ^ate to cruiz- in il.e bi?e oi Benin ? he had already sent in one t cr tu^uese schr. from St. Salvador. J he Spanish bri ^ La Nueva Annate, ol Si. Jago cic Cuba^ en t?re*l ihr port ^,,c) delivered herself up, with sia^cs. ;lJ| ol' wnich wcic coudeaiiKil, lugeli.tr wiUi the vesteK ^ ? Sir James Yeor it then app^r^ ^ n jc warded (or fers Tunning services oiv thc_L?ke,by his *dl vanctrment or appointment to this lucrative station. , Let us not hoc be rnisunderstood,that weare goino tq defencHhose Americans, who, in opposition and in ^violation of the , law* of their- country, engage in a ' forbidden and an inhuman traffic, ei ther under their OWii flag, or under the purchased papers and flag of Spain or Portugal; we have no >hi ilow of pity for their capture and loss of property, as they arc the results and consequences of their infringe ment of the laws of their country. ? and acting against the dictates of their consciences iu>d honour. If the capture of every American en gaged in this contraband traffic was to take place, weshould be the to complain against it, provided the generous policy of a wise and hu mane government caused these cap tures to prove the. amelioration of the human race; and, - While they prevented this trade, rescued the unhappy captives so taken from slavery and "Suffering, As to the -capture and condemnation of the vessel from Rhode Island for pur chasing a few tons of camwood and two cannon %ithhl two or thrre leagues of thecoast, we shall not here advert to it at present, further than s&pJKg, that we presume the Knight ol Ontario will -endeavour to- find ail fish that com* to his net in those seas. We shall rather proceed in our examination of the juggle which England is play ing> under the mask of humanity. ? J?dgc Thorpe* when.apeakirg of the captures made by thc%e Bri tish cruisers, thus expresses him L selt^ ? " Had the captured negroes, "\?hen liberated from their prison ships, been suffered to enjoy the t blessings of Brit[sb protection ? i had villages beeh establiihed, the iOpBlllfj, un severed, alloted farms, supplied with instruments of agri culture, and with seeds and plants i to cultivate ior their support, the beautiful amphkhfratre of hills en closing Sierra Leon^ would have .bccome an asylum of happiness fur five thousand souls, who looked ro ( . U? fpr relief* -and to whom we were bound jmd^ ledged tcvjrxtcnci it. ^They would have beenji but AOlk of protection to th^edteny,' fur nishing a granary of provisions for the inhabitants, and exhibiting rfe finest African mouittnentof British philantropy/* But, instead of such tresflbient and such c4rc, what. is the descrip tion which ^Judge Th6rpe gives of this colony, and the mage of the unhappy captured captives ? Judge I horpe states, that instead of such treatment, these captives were of^ ten condemned as .slaves, and sold and that one expedition, fitted out by governor Maxwell, absolutely made a descent on the coast at Rio Pungos and Rio, Nooncz, and car ried of 100 natives who were thus condemned, destroyed, at the same time, with " fire and sword, " whole factories, with all they contained.