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i : VOLUME XXI. im# CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUESDAl MORNING, JANUARY 17, 1860. , NUMBER 3. i? ? ?? ?? ? ?? ?? win ?a ? n ? iwiiiimnwraMjuinwi inn laao?a^jc.m in in ,m nai aarea???| CHESS COLTJ2^EISr * OF TUE * CAMDEN JOURNAL. foesdaj*, January 17, 1?60. , V>R0BLE1S NO. 11, BY "LAL," OF CHARLESTON, SO. CA. BLACK. mm M WM/, wA p* i i a I U. W^Wf^W^ ^ a white. - "White to play-, and Checkmate in four moves. Solution to Problem Mo. 10, - "WHITE. | BLACK. 1. ? to KB claims Kt (cli.) 1. K moves. ^ 2. Q to Q 4. (cK) 2. P interposes. :.r 3. P takes P en passant ifate. :a - TO CORRESPONDENTS. "R S P." will appear in our next issuo. Cnmkit IBccklij' Souranl. Tuesday, January 17,18G0. J". W. OAT iT j, Associate Editor. The Winnsboro Register. Mr. P. S: Dayton* has retired from the editorial department of the "Winnsboro Register and the Fairfield ~-^Strald. Ho is succeeded by Mr. David M. Clarke, to whom wo ertcnd a cordial welcome. These papere have a large circulation, and it is a matter of congratEr: ulation to tho readers that ono so competent has bcen Hp " called to assume their pilotage. Mr. Desfortes still v retains tlie proprietorship. Recommends a Convention. Ve have seen from an abstract of tho first message . of Gov. Letcher to tho Legislature of Virginia, that %he recommends tho assembling of a general cohven% tion of all the States, for tho purpose of ascertaining whether the imyortant questions now pending between the two sections cannot be settled upon some basis ||f, mutually satisfactory to both parties. Ho urges upon - the Legislature the adoption orrcsolutious favoring tl?e call of such convention, and that they appeal to jSK:' the Legislatures of tho several States to unite in the | \ri_ application proposed to bo made to Congress. Fortune Favors the Brave. W As if in confirmation of this trite adage, we note the A . fact that tho Reverend Dakiel "Worth, whose arrest ' has bden mentioned ia our paper already, was perfectly^ able to secure, without trouble, bail to the amount gf y.. ~ dcsk^ST our^wtcr State?North Carolina?that - v" Xpf&lha^boen hurlod at our institution by the audacity of tho most fanatic Abolitionist North of tho dividing line of the two sections. Tins gentleman has not only declared his utter contempt for the Laws of North Carolina, but has stigmatized her legislators with the foul epithets of " drunkards, gamblers, and adulterers." * * It is somewhat ine,xplicablo that ho should bo able to retain friends strong enough to back him in bail to this amount, among the very people whose laws and legislators ho has been so boldly debouncing, and whose institutions he ha3 oudeavorcd to subvert, through the circulation of the infamous Helper's book and other unfriendly prints. It is a novef devotion to the true "*2 interests of the South, which backs up the bold and daring perpetrators of such outrageous acts of prefj . sumption, and may very reasonably excite the doubts of the sensitive advocates of vigilance, as to tho good fkith. of those who lend their signatures thereto. Vigilant Societies. Although not a very ardent admirer of such organizations, wo acknowledge that our opposition has well nigh subsided in reference thereto, since their more !? ^ general formation at the SoutlL The outbreak of abolition fanaticism at Harper's Feriy has been the means of instituting large numbers of these societies tliroughout the South, giving more ample facility to judge of * tbeii operations' in generaL Notwithstanding a somewhat prejudiced impression !bad been made upon our mind as to the "higher law" tendencies of such organizations, we have allowed 4 our observation to speak for itself, and must confess that we regard the operations of these societies in the main as the exponent of a commendable sensitiveness upon that central institution at the South, by whose firm and steady move the best prosperity ofjaur pco" 5 pie is promoted. Assailed from without by the unyielding and aggressive spirit of Northern fanaticism, and, distracted within the camp by the whispered betrayal of spies within our lines, it is absolutely essential that wo institute an argus-eyed sentry, whose loyalty is guarantied by the cohesive power of direct g, interest, and whose active vision will discover every element of disaffection in our ranks, as well as keep a Bgk watch upon the manoeuvres of those with whom we are to battlo boldly. 4 The Southern our opiuion, is threatened with more W--- 1 present danger at the lianas of concealed and covert BmM ^enemies, in the shape of map-peddlers, book agents ^g^~*2fiSTNortbflnrcrrnmmers generally, than from any other JP Jource. Ilence, wo regard it as our best interest to I institute tne most ngiu pouce surveillance mrouguout the entire . Southern territory, shutting out from an unchallenged ingress and egress that restless, fidgettv Yankee spirit, which is rarely content with a knowlf edge of its own affair?, but must be continually prying into matters with which it has no raoro business than sl pig lias in a parlor. There has evidently boon ample room for the exhibition of vigilance at the South, and wo liave long felt the need of a more vigorous system of polico organization than tlip law ordinarily supports. The administration of the provisions of law have been too lax at 1 the South generally, to ensure adequate protection to I the peculiar institutions thereof! Had some system I similarly activo to tlieso vigilant organizations been in practice throughout the extent of our Southern territory for_years back, we opine that much valuable properly would have been retaiuod, and that to-day, tho soil of Virginia would not rise, blood-stained and invaded, to put to blush the boasted protection of our i firesides and altars. Let us then, learn a lesson from |f the pnst, nnd endeavor to keep alive the most active it fiymssiblo that the operations of theso vigilant mf siieties may not always bo of tho most mild and huy nfao nature in the application of punishment to such on inmr Poll ifitri Imnrla V1111 ifinv nrn - the most efTcctive yet devised in ridding tho S<xth of those, who are never so agreeably employed asrficn stirring up strife among tho advocates and haters of shivery. Since then, they arc found to ui?.*er the requisite ends, it may not he amiss to ad- > slip? vote their continuance, inasmuch ns the objects of: org:inization arc as yet but partially completed.? ' however, in all eases, have them oflicered trolled by men u hose judgment has been fully and. whose direct interest in the institution them the most lit guardians of its operation. i Having; its ElFect. ; If wo arc to credit tlio newspaper accounts which < reach us from various portions of the North, particu- 1 larly from Now York, it appears that tho limited non- ] intercourse now being practiced on the part of the < South is already having a very perceptible effect upon the mercantile and other interests of that section.? < Great depression is said to exist in almost every branch ] of mechanical art, and many prominent firms in the J various merchandize departments of trade, who have ] hitherto done their best paying patronage with tho J Soutli, have been compelled to curtail their expenses 8 in the discharge of squads of clerks, who we suppose ' will have rather a difficult task to secure any remuuern- t tive employment among that class who have contribu- ' ted so much in developing this deplorable state o~ af- 1 fairs. , * If the Very limited extent to which this practice of j non-intercourse lias reached is already productive of , such calamities to Northern interests, what is to be expected when it shall have embraced the South as a whole, and, instead of becoming an exception, shall be ' regarded the rule and system of general observance ? j The effect will then bo truly pitiable in the eyes of humanity. We shrink from the contemplation of such an event as that of a comparatively liappy people , forcing such a terrible fate upon themselves, through , the gratification of a fanatic hate to an institution j which has given such indirect stimulus to their pros- ] perity, as has that of slavery to the North. ] While our feelings of humanity might recoil with a \ shudder of horror at the gloomy talea of want which . would laden every account that came from the North, < upon the full inauguration of this policy by the South, ; yet, our conceptions of the justice of their punishment ' would prompt us to exhort the Southern people to < spare not until every bono and muscle of tho whole 1 organism of our enemies has felt the shock. ' Snow in the Country.?The Spartanburg Express J 'says:?We have had, lor some days past,- exceedingly cold weather. Notwithstanding the ground had been made very vut by copious rains, snow fell on Saturday last to the depth of several inches, and has melted bnt j very little yet, except in places much exposed to tbe , sun. We buried the old year in his winding sheet of snow, and looked with hope for a warm and friendly greeting from his successor, but his freezing touch has , made us think more kindly of our old friend, and wish J that ho were back again, with the thousand joys which , with him have passed away. ^ Tho Due West IWesope, 6th inst., says:?On last j o ~ t i_ oubuiua>, uu cut; ucvjid vi iiiruv v ruius, mm u uribu 5 and beautiful snow, which, notwithstanding the dhrth ( was covered with water, soon made a showing. In t favorable places the ground was soon covered two or j three inches. Since Saturday it has been clear and ] cold?very cold. { SELECTED POETEY. < ? t [From the Richmond Enquirer.] s Oil! Wear for mc no Sable Hue. J 1 SY AXXA CORA RITCIIIK. { 1 Oh! wear for me no sablo hue,. t No grief-parading garb, to say l Fvo, bid this "weary earth adieu, t And flung a clog of flesh away! c Andshed for mo no scalding tear, Nor breathe my name in mournful tone, Not tears,'but smiles, you gave mc her;o, And I would think them still my <?vnj__ Within yourlt^^mMH^ffiffiH^r T The monuuu^^^^^^^K^I' Nor link my i JSHvith regret 1 v A pl($jj?ymemory I woulcl be, e To consecrate and brighten yet c The scenes that ouce were glad to mo I 1 Q Ah I why should tears bedew the sod, Where your beloved ones' ashes rest ? j If ye believe their souls with God, ^ How can ye weep o'er spirits blest ? 0 How can ye mourn that they have fled I To realms more pure?a home more fair? t IIow can ye call the parted "dad" s Wlio live?who love?who wait you there ? v , t MISCELLANEOUS. !, i Washington Correspondence of the j Charleston Mercury. Mr. Boycc, of your State, has delivered a v speech in the House, which wil! be read with ^ care by ail who arc inquiring as to the objects a of the Biack Republicans. Many speeches are made in Congress which only command * the attention of personal friends during the de- ^ livery, who usually gather around the speaker 0 whether the subject matter repays them for ^ their time or otherwise. This cannot he said of the effort of your Representative. Being ^ present when the first half of its delivery oe- h curred, we uoticed that the Democratic side * of the House was generally filled, while a ma- " jority of the Black Republicans were in their ^ seats and attentive to the argument of the P South Carolinian. Mr. Boyce's speech was a purely argumentative, lie dwelt alone in what he conceived facts, and held up the sectional * party of the North as a fanatical Abolition !> party. His purpose was not an idle display of ? words and figures of rhetoric, but lie endeavor- 1 ed to address the judgment, calmly and with- s out fear. He was evidently prepared for the 11 occasion ; for the condensation of language in nvnroeeinrr lnc Viotrornrl nn vnnrlAni /li- ?l grcssions or disconnected utterance. On the I' contrary, there was a digested purpose and a 11 style of reasoning which showed that he felt I the responsibility of what lie said at this time, a and that his object was to discover the true } intents of the Abolition party divested of all * its empty professions. To the candid and a thoughtful lie has attained conclusions over P which they will ponder, and not without ad- p vantage, if they had not reached them before. 11 His summary of the value of the Union to a the North presents good points, and his oft- t hand response, in reply to Mr. Hickman, the (' " Turn Afar tig nam Mercurio" man, who saw J? fit to question the plain meaning he was placing 1 on his notorious speech in regard to forcibly s subjugating the South if she should attempt to 0 withdraw from the Union, was equally npplica- t ble and well spoken. h In the Senate there was a philosophical entertainment, which the obtuse geiitlcniattrcm 11 Wisconsin, Mr. Doolittle?clever name?juayed t the part of Ethic-professor, and Messrs. Cites- v nut, Clay, Brown and Mason, in their order, 1 that of skeptical students, or independent think- a ers. The theme was the 'Normal condition c of Free Labor." The Wisconsin professor en- 1 tcrcd the chamber, his head full of great c thoughts*which he intended to communicate. 1 Ilis favorite subject, Ncgro-humanito, was c l * 1 11 _ 1 t .1 t somewnat liivoiveu uy wnai lie couccivcu iu ue the counter philosophy of the Southern school t of reasoning, so he launched forth upon the t doctrine of humanity and labor until he came f to a choice point in the discourse, which he t announced with a sophomoric confidence :? r "You have not until within the last few * years assumed the doctrine that the natural 1 and' normal condition of the laboring man is * that of a slave. It is within the last few years t that this doctrine has been promulgated at the I South, and I grant that it has made and is ^ making most rapid strides. It reaches your c schools, and it reaches your churches, and it I reaches your public journals." * At this point Mr. Chesnut very deliberately F lrose and denied the position assumed, with a sensible statement of facts. The learned professor shifted ground a little, and claimed that jc could substantiate his doctrine by, among 5ther sources, the teachings of "the celebrated Review of Mr. DeBow, the .Richmond Enquirer i few years ago, the Charleston Mercury, th6 Richmond Examiner, the book published by \Ir. Fitzhngh, which was commended to the Deople of the South, <fcc." Then Mr. Clay, of Alabama, took issue with the Northwestern ;avan, and, in a few remarks, challenged him x> the proof. He informed him it was a "very rrave accusation," and lie demanded the'evi fence, not by garbled extracts, but with the ;onto.;t. Mr. Brown, of Mississippi, also rebelled ajainst thfe allegation ; but the Wisconsin phiosoplier still tried to forccdown the dose, when Mr. Clicsnut obtained the floor, and, in a brief speech, which covered the case entirely*, expounded the Carolinian idea of free labor and African slavery. Professor JDoolittle then read from the Richmond Examiner to vindicate his bourse. Mr. Clay interposed, and gave, an Alabamian opinion upon the subject. The would-be Mr. Dooconsiderable searched his authorities, and read the Richmond Enquirer in evidence. Mr. Mason, of Virginia, felt it liis duty to dissent and antagoirzc the ethical man. He gave him the Virginian notion of free labor and slavery. Finally, the Wisconsin Senator backed out from the position by saying in substance, that he "thanked the honorable Senators " that they had conceded 'the same opinions arc not to-day entertained an the subject of slavery, as an abstract question, among the leading men of the South, which were entertained for the first fifty years 3f the existence of this Government under the Constitution of the United States." No one :lenied a change of opinion upon the subject pf African slavery from causes which the Setirtor from Virginia concisely expressed, but they all denied what the Senator from Wisconsin endeavored to charge upon the South. Mr. Mason's language was this : Certainly, I believe that because of the ag ;ressions committed by the servile btatcs, lommonly called the free States, upon the jondition of African bondage in the South, die mind of the South has been more turned :o\vard it, and by reason of that further consideration, more deliberation, pondering more leeply upon the relations sub-isting between :he African race in this country and the white race,'the opinion once entertained, certainly in ny own State by able and distinguished men md patriots, that the condition of African slavcy was one more to be deplored than to be bstered, has undergone a change, and that die uniform?I might almost say universal? sentiment in my own State upon the subject of African bondage is, that it is a blessing to joth races, one to .be encouraged, cherished, ind fostered ; and to that extent the opinion of Virginia is different from the opinion enteral nod by those distinguished men who have iow gone, but who we believe, best knowing lie sentiment, if they lived in this day would :oncur with us. That is the present opinion. Letter from Boston. Boston, Mass., November 28, 1859. L)$titutioi>>, guarant-ccd to iicr by the. Coiifti- > ntion, art! while many of the New England tresses and clergy sympathise with and attempt ' o make heroes of those traitors and assassins, 1 fbn arc now under flic, linn of the. law for their rimes, it is refreshing to know that there is a , lass of patriotic men at the North true to the ' icnor, the rights and the welfare of the whole J ountrv. We have lately rc-pernsed an elo- . [lient and soul-stirring address, delivered at ; ?nnker Hill, Nov. 1, 1S59, by Hon. Arthur ] >V. Austin, the present collector of the ports if Boston and Charlestown, and we are forci>Iy struck with the almost prophetic wisdom, J he powerful appeals and the great political ( agaeity exhibited in the address. Mr. Austin, , vho may be considered one of the represcntaive men of the National Democracy of New ! England, seems to have portrayed with logical ccurucy the very results of the fanatical teach- , tigs of the North, which have now culminated ( n treason and bloodshed. Mr. Austin, sneaking of the rrift oftlie North- , r i V ' 1 c\~. " ' o j rest Territory bv Virginia for the "common , enefit of the Union," utters the following ' [lowing and patriotic sentiments: . "This rich inheritance of which I have spo- , ;en, was then the gift of Virginia to the North, ' irginia, one of those Southern States, that ( ur Northern fanatics would pursue "with fire- , rands, arrows and death !" "Ever generous, ever disinterested Virginia! ! >ho has always been ready to make sacrifices ; jr the public good?for the common benefit.? have scarcely been within her borders?I am ait slightly acquainted with any of her sons, nit from childhood my heart has always excluded, reflecting upon her patriotic sacrifices lid her noble history. "Ever glorious Virginia! She has given to ( he world the model of a warrior, a statesman ' lid a patriot. She has given to this Union 1 batcsmcu whose disinterested devotion to the ntcrcsis of our whole country, has never been 1 urpasscd?has never been equalled in the auia!s of a world ! "Her mighty dead arise?arise in matchless rray before me. Among her orators arc Giles, Randolph, Wirt and Patrick Henry. I sec the [ nild, thoughtful, philosophic face of Madison, he bold, resolute, undaunted front of Monroe, 1 .ml Jefferson, ;ns countenance lighted up with ; outhful enthusiasm, as when lie first pledged 1 lis soul to the cause of his country. And above j .11 and before all, the revered and dignified 1 rescncc of him who was "first in war, first in icaco, and first in the hearts of his country nen." Sir, I was about to ask you if we have ny quarrel with Virginia, but I will not put he question in that unworthy form; but, sir, lo you not feel, do you not recognise this Vir;iniaof which I speak, as a part of your counry ? And is there any in this large assembly, o void of manliness, so lost to all patriotic coition, as not to determine in his inmost mind hat she shall never be other than a portion of lis country ? "And now, sir, a few words as to aggressions ipoti the domestic and municipal concerns of he South. There is no instance on record, in vhich the South has interfered with our interna! affairs; but it is within my own knowledge ,nd observation that for more than a quarter ?f a century, constant, continual attempts lave been made by a portion of the North to any the torch of the incendiary to the dwellings, and the knife of the assassin to the throats if those who arc of our common race and com rion blood, and who arc living with us under lie same political compact. Yes, a portion of he North, with head-quarters in Massachuotts, has endeavored for more than a generaion, to invite the blacks of Carolina to insur ection and revolt?to'makc them dissatisfied vith their condition, by throwing among them lietorial representations of imngiflfiry horrors, vliich should stir them up to assail their masers, and to destroy the hand that fed them.? 'irst, they sent through the post, office, and vhen that was projierly checked-r-by white emissaries, and when that became dangerous, >v black emissaries on board of our coasting esscls. .And the doings of these fanatics, I ; ay it with the deepest emotions of mournful, regret, have had the sanction of ou legislative assemblies. N "Sir, South Carolina and Yirgj[ia- are not the only States that liave suffere' from the constant warfare countenanced fere. Our wretched fanatics, ;n some measure sustained i? j.1. - A 1 uy mu Yiuiuub suiu; ui puunu auiwrcut nciu, are constantly sending their inccyijary missiles into those other Southern cjmmnnities with which we have solemn leaguiand covenant?political alliance, friendly, -fcmmcrcial and domestic relations. Our bretfifcn of the Southern Slates generally, have be^i ruthlessly pursued for years by a portion oihe North, with the fierceness natural to btodhounds, coupled with the fabled ferocity of-lemons.? And for this conduct there is not.tic shadow of oxense. They have never intofered with us. And the blood of New England courses through the Union?there is not ) Southern State where it does not freely run.'vThc blood that flows in my veins, bounds wariljy through the veins of my kindred, in Louisi^a, in Mississippi, and in Texas ; and this w;rjfire is upon our kindred. "Sir, in view of our rcvolutionarysiiffcrings, our common prosperity, our connjon glory, our social compact. commercial ittcroonrse. domestic relations and kindred t-id?in view of these, I proclaim, the conductTiVa portion of the North towards our Souther' brethren, to be unfair and jinmanly, nngenofths and ignoble. !" No one can peruse the above I'jdpicnt and powerful remarks of Mr. Austin, wijiont being struck with their peculiar appropjiatcncss to the present state of affairs in Yirgiiia, and the conduct of the Northern scctionalits towards the South. It is a fact which no onNcill have the hardihood to deny, that the ach-traitor, Brown and liis miserable band art in close communion with Northern fanatics, and that their actions at Harper's Ferry are the result of the anti-slavery teachings of tlr, North in the pulpits, lyceums and presses. Tie cowardly teachers stay at home away fnm danger, even now uttering their treasons (^.indulging, in their sickly scntimentalidg^W^diiiiingS: relative to abstractions in politicJBjjHaorals. . All these teachings have tio otlicjBgWtlt thnn that exhibited in the treason, nnif3Kn2<plunder afllarper's Ferry; and tlic nii?fePyea<i1iers endeavor to exalt areli lnurdcrc^wdcycs and traitors into heroes. In the elo$Rt imd patriotic address of Mr, Austin, he ItriS speaks of those leaders and teachers of thS^ctional party at the North : -Jf.? "But, sir, to the disorganizes?x) the disturbers of the public peace?to tbc vvolvcs in sliceps clothing?to those in JNew- England with whom treachery to their uci$ibor, and treason to their country is a daily thwgbt and a nightly dream, I say, beware. TiTc priests and the demagogues who are sowiniFihe wind ?may reap the whirlwind. To tVosc who seek to cover themselves, in their impertinent interference in the affairs of the S*ftth, with the mantle of religion, I say I tor|havc diligently read the-Scriptures?theirdcefi and pure morality I acknowledge, and trust itiaeugraven 911 my heart?but I can find no warrant for their conduct?in the recorded options?in the generous sentiments?in the subt^ri^teachings of the great founder of Christi.Vpty. Let tluga-^vare! tlicvvjHJj i^nti 11 n Jlic thnMimflW^cv,1 rherc is patriotism enough at t^JBs0'rt'1 to save New England, l'rovokc notW)0 h'1' there is such a thing as re-action aiuf rctnbutiun for the ungrateful spirit that is |10W rite. Lf retribution conic not until you liavl- excited 1 civil or servile war, it will then cog 0 in tcr tor and in storm. The longer dclll.ve(h t,ic more terrific. A just Nemesis may overtake )*oii, and if she come?she shall *c o>"c?she will come?not only with the point o f Achilles, but with the tread and crush of the ' Titan !"' No true patriot can peruse the i iddress of Mr. Austin, of which we have given <1 few extracts, as above, without kindling w ith generous emotion, at. the boldness of his thoughts, the manliness and courage of their ( xpression, and without, feeling the full force of the truths which his almost prophetic words te: 'eh us. The Southern patriot must feel 1 hat amid the desert of Northern fanaticism, t here is an oasis of true devotion to the Union, The address of Mr. Austin has the ring c fthe.true metal, and shines with brilliancy a Didst the sectionalism of the Xortii, as the lit htjUDg i,more brilliant when it plays on the flgc of the ihunder-cloud. There arc many : true nul patriotic men in the ranks oP? t National Democracy ofj the North, and we commend the sentiments of Mr. Austin to the consideration and reflection of all who value t be integrity of the Union, as the only safegur ''d for the present, the ofily Jiope lor the uouui iind glory of our common countrv. Lwiums. Cor. oj the Jiichmniid K "jairer. .o? diaries O'Connor on Shu cry. A mong the lawyers of New Yoi 'b no one occupies a position more enviable tl an tlmt of Charles O'Connor, Fsq. lie made ;ij speech at the late Union demonstration in that!c'ty? from which w? extract the following, as at sample of the general quality : [ "1 maintain that negro slavery is i^ot unjust; that it is benign in its influences, b<f>lb on the white man and on the black. I maintain that it is ordained by nature ; that it is ;} necessity of both races; that in the climates -where the black race can live and prosper, nature herself enjoins co-relative duties on the bl: ck man? and the white?which cannot be performed except by the preservation, and, if t m: hissing gentlemen please, by the perpetuatio" of negro slavery. "I contend that it is not injustice: to leave the negio in the condition in wlifcb nature placed him, and for which condition be is adapted. Fitted only for a state of pupilage, our slave system gives him a master to govern and supply his deficiencies; and in this there is no injustice. Neither is it injustice in the master to compel him to labor, and thereby afford to that master a just compensation in return for the care and talent employed in governing him. In this way alone is the negro abic to render himself useful to himself and to the society in which 1m is placed. "These are the principles, gentlemen, which the extreme measures of Abolitionism and its abettors compel us to enforce. T-'is is the ground that we must take, or abandon our cherished Union. We must no loiter favor political leaders who talk about sla-'cry being an evil; nor must wo advance tin! doctrine that negro slavery is a thing which, although pernicious, is to tolerated merely because we have made a bargain to tolerate it. We must turn away from the teachings of fanaticism.'? Yielding to the clear decree of natnfc, and the voice of sound philosophy, wc must pronounce that institution just, beneficent, lawful." AVc received a visit yesterday mo'iiing from a travelling agent of a New York furnishing house. lie informed us that he tuK travelleil through j>ortions of Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia, for the purpose of receiving orders for his house, and that lie had n<t received more than twenty orders in his whido route? scarcely sufficient to pay his travelling expenses, lie was on his way home. Hundred* of Northern drummers are meeting with sinr'ar success this season.?Atlufta Cuiifcdrrucy. I I V * Washington Irving's Celibacy. The Boston Transcript, in discussing the celibacy of Washington Irving, says : ' Instead of being a 'defect,' the celibacy of Irving was his crown of glory. Those who have studied his writings must have been struck with the remarkable transition from humor to pathos, from the broadest fun to the most meditative sentiment, which occurs between the facetious history of New York and the Sketch Book. Many, perhaps, imagine that this is accounted for by his loss of fortune. But the feelir.g is too soulful for such an interpretation. It had its origin in one of those disappointments of the heart which color all the subsequent life of a true man. Wc trust that now there is no want of delicacy in alluding to the fact that the early object of J wing's love died during their betrothal. We have heard the last interview described by a member of her family, and to the sacred sorrow thus engendered is to be ascribed much that is touching and true in the sentiment of Irvine's writings : to his fealtv to O *=> I this affection, in no small degree, is owing the continued sensibility which kept his heart fresh to the last; and, above all, that respect for, and sympathy with, the innate and holy sentiments of humanity, which lie so uniformly-cherished and manifested in letters and in life. "Nor is this all. Time may have healed the wound and-rceonciled the bereft to another relation ; but there intervened a period of disaster which drove his eldest brother to bankrupt- , ev; for his sake and that of Lis family of daughters, Washington Irving continued single, took them all home, and became a father to the children. Beautiful was their mutual dovotion; happy their congenial household ; and Snnnvside is now bequeathed to them. "No one familiar with Mr. Irving, associated the idea of celibacy with him; he was always in a domestic atmosphere; his nieces were like daughters ; his fair neighbors his favorite companions, children the delight of his heart. With such free and fond affections lie could, under no circumstances, lead the life of a single man, as the phrase is usually understood. He was domesticated in lammcs aoroau; no was me endeared centre of one at liomc; and one of tlic most beautiful aspects of Iiis life, as well as one of the most honorable, is that selected as exceptional, after the flippant habit o!' those whoignorantly condemn what they have neither the justice to examine, nor the refinement of soul to conjecture may be an evidence of* the highest love and the most heroic self denial." No RisSil to Endorse. A coteiuporary thinks ?thc following worth the serious consideration of our business nicn. 1. A man has 110 right to endorse when the failure of the first party to meet bis obligation will render the creditors of tbe endorser liable to loss 111 consequence of such endorsement. 2. lie has no right to endorse for another man unless he make provision for meeting such obligations. 3. lie lias no right to endorse unless lie fully iidcncfs to pay what he promises to, promptly, ir. case the first party fails to do so. Few endorsers prepare to do this. 4. Iiis relations to his family demand that he shall not obligate himself to oblige another, simply at the risk of defraud ing^^^Wiriving thaie Jfchw^^loiiirs to them. . siblo socimcr is furfh ished by me first party, tt should be made a business transaction?rarely a matter of friendship. It is equivalent to the loan of capital to the amount of the obligation, and the same precaution should be taken to secure it. G. A man lias 110 more right to expect another to endorse his note without recompense than to expect an insurance company to insure his house or his life gratuitously. 7. It is not good business policy for one to aslc another to endorse his note, promising to accommodate him in the same manner. The exchange of signatures may have, and usually does have, a very unequal value. It is better to secure to him the amount, and exact a like security for the amount of the responsibility incurred. 8. It is better to do a business that will involve no necessity for asking or granting such favors, or making such exchanges. It is always safe and just to do so. Pi?kcns District. The AValhalla JJaiivrr is satisfied in the belief that the people of l'ickens District are nearly unanimous lor a division of the District. It says:? "They arc more titan willing, even anxious, to have two Judicial Districts, if not anxious also for an election division. Dy the late appointment of Representatives it is known that l'ickens lias gained one Representative, making her number four. This is an additional reason for division ; for it indicates an increase of population, her vast extent of territory, would seem to call for a division. lint, we will not argue this point at home, where it is already thread-bare, but let our men in olHce at the Capitol, see that it is heard there, while we at home may memorialize the Genera! Assembly at its next meeting." T>r? n jw j-* it .wi i/o \j r ur.iiu?, at <1111/1110 110 j'iutiouiu to record the fact that both Stephenson and Brunei?the recently deceased engineers?had obtained considerable fortunes, and that they were not, like many other eminent men of bygone days, sutiered to live in poverty. It is related of Brunei that he was worth ?90,QUO (four hundred and thirty-six thousand five hundred dollars,) and that Stephenson's personal estate amounted to ?'400,000 (one million nine hundred and forty thousand dollars.) It is said of Stephenson that lie was of a very kind and generous disposition, and that all his old workmen were devoted to him with the deepest affection. lie left ?10,0U0 to the Newcastle Infirmary, ?7000 to the Philosophical Society, ?'2000 to the Mining College, ?2000 to the Institute of Civil Engineers, ?2000 to the Curate's Society, and a like amount to the Society for promoting Christian Knowledge. The greatest amount lie has left to a cousin. He has gone-down to the grave, the last of his race. Estate Sale.?The Uiiionvillc Times has the following notice of the public sale of the Ili:^iuvn l/i;!Uli??lll? tills V^lilLU VI UlV lillU /j, P. ilorndon: ' The sale of the negroes, belonging to the estate of the late Z. P. Herndon took place on the 2Cth and 27th nit. A very large number of persons attended from this and the surrounding Districts, and the biddings were animated and ran high. The following is the result: 104 negroes were sold for ?100,350 ; the average of which is ?004,00. Of the 104 negroes, forty-five were children under ton years of aire. Some of the adults were likely and first rate?some were very far from it." Faiimeus Should Yisrr.?One of the most important, duties of the farmer is to" visit his neighbor. Bo neighborly ; be social: let out j our social feelings; make them grow; go see your neighbor, and learn of bis sueccs; exchange ideas ; confer wijh one another. If our farm ;rs would do tijjs, if each farmer would only visit around his whole neighborhood once cveiv three months, n world of good would he accomplished. ;I?Hirui>caii B. Lamar. The demise of a man so distinguished in the history of our country as was Mirabcau B. Lamar, deserves something more than a passing notice; especially to the people of Georgia, among whom he was born, and where he passed the early part of his life. AYe regret that we arc unable to do that jnstice to the subject which its merits deserve. Gen. Lamar was born in Putnam county, in this State, and at the time of his death was about G3 years of age; and up to the time of the Texas Revolution, resided in Georgia, where he filled many honorable positions, with credit to himself and those whom he represented, lie was for along time editor and proprietor of the Columbus Enquirer, the first paper ever pub i i 1 *1.? ?1.1 ?,M?, ?< ?i.?? IISIIUU 111 Illicit), iliiu UIU kjiu iut?? vi mat* s?iv;iling ami influential sheet will show that lie wielded the "gray goose quill" vitli as lunch facility and force as he afterwards did the sword on the ensanguined field of San Jacinto. Upon the breaking out of the Texas Revolution, his sympathies and feelings were so greatly anused at the tyranny and oppressions which that infant colony had received at the hands of the Mexican government, that lie determined to throw the weight of his arm and prestige in the scale, and to sacrifice comfort and competency at home, in order that Texas might enjoy all/the immunities ofa free country, from which she had been debarred by the selfish policy of .Santa Anna and other bold and intriguing chiefs of Mexico. Gathering around him a few personal and attached friends, he repaired to the.scat of war. II is bold and chivalric nature, resembling more the brilliant character of a Bayard than that of an adventurer, soon'made his services sought for. lie was almost immediately placed in a position of the highest honor and responsibility, and won and held the confidence of the Texan people until the Independence of that country was acknowledged, undergoing all the privations and sufferings of the gallant, half-clad, half-starved army of the Republic, until the Sun of San Jacinto went down upon the flying and beaten battalions of Mexico. The cavalry charge at San Jacinto, led by Lamar and the gallant Sherman, is considered by all military men to be one ofthe most splendid and desperate feats ofarms ever accomplish cel. Numbering less than 10 men, poorly armed and indifferently mounted, they boldly rushed upon the bristling squares of Mexican infantry, riding them down under the "hoofs of their horses, and sabreing the canuonicrs at the guns. Every where in the thickest of the fight, was seen the glittering?word of the gallant Lamar, a beacon of hope to his brave and scanty followers, and a bright mark for the bullets of the enemy. The contest was long and doubtful. Right and courage triumphed over wrong and tyranny, and the routed and beaten invaders fled ingloriously from the field, and Texas was free. There are few actions in history thatcan coin pare with the cavalry charge at San Jacinto, and it docs not pale before the rash onset of the Light Brigade at Balaklava, nor does it lose any of its brilliancy when compared with the hold charge against the Sikhs at Chillianwallah. After the war lie retired into private life, until called by the almost unanimous voice of the the Chief ifagistracJ of the "PUbeerisuwfi cvfl^jSiifrfcuill' those times fully prove. Just before his death, Gen. Lamar haa\just closed his Mission to the Central American States, to the satisfaction of our Government; a position of delicate trust, and requiring qualities which lie possessed in an eminent degrco. As a statesman, soldier and diplomatist, lie was always equal to any emergency in which he might be placed; and as an author, a volume of poems has been published^ which shows that he was no unsuccessful wooer of the Muses. Gen. Lamar was twice married. Ilis first wife is buried in the cemetery in this city; the second survives him, the beautiful and accomplished daughter of the late Uev. John Newland Maffitt.? Culinnhtis (Go.) Times. The Charleston- Convention'.?The New York correspondent of the Mobile Register says: Wood's brother Ben has received a letter from Biitterfield, the proprietor of the Charleston (S. C.) Pavilion Hotel, agreeing to give the Wood partv of two hundred men, board lod u... r.?. *1 i.: x*. Illiu OIULilUlt [MIIUI.> IU1 IIIL I. IIIL IS 11 iilll April 20 to April 27, for ?4000. If the party arc in Charleston only Iialfa week, ?.'3000. Whether Wood's friends have agreed I know not. I suppose so, as Btittcrfield must have had a proposal froih Ben in the first place. Some of the Tammany Democrats arc fearful that Charleston will not be able to accommodate them, and they have made partial arrangements for one of Vanderbilt's steamers to go the trip, and the delegates live on board the steamer while in Charleston city. The North Star would take down eight hundred Tammany men, feed them, and bring them back for ?30 a head, being guaranteed ?2-1, 000 for the trip if not over ten days. Probably it will not be over eight. Of course-liquors and cigars would be extra. Moke Kansas OrriiACES.?A correspondent, of the St. Louis lit publican gives an account of more outrages in Kansas. A man named Boll, of Lafayette county, was in pursuit of a runaway slave, who lie believed had takeu refuge" at or near Ossaw,atomic. Accompanied bv two inhabitants of West Point, Mo., Mr. Dell reached the house of a Mr. Taylor, about tour miles from Ossawatomic, where they put up for the night.?Soon after the house was surrounded l>v a hand of forty men, who obliged JJell and Ins friends to surrender; they were then divested of arms, overcoats, hats, boots, tfce., which were divided among the crowd, and the negro was brought forward to confront them with mockery and laughter. Their horses were then taken from the stable, a\id after compelling them to give the negro fifty dollars, the fugitive was mounted on the best horse and started for Canada. The correspondent savs he has pretty good reason for bclievcing that this outrage will be avenged. Fi.oiau.v takes the ?Tliellov. .Tames Peeler, of this place, lias returned, Laving sold the Patent liight of bis Plow and Manure Distributor,for twelve States, for the sum of two hundred ami ilfty-oiie thousand dollars, in notes and cash, lias given away altout two hundred thousand dollars for Church purposes, thirty-six thousand of which are for taken scholarships in Colleges, under the care of the M. E. Church South, hoping when he will cease to work and live, young men will be educated for the ministry to bless the Church and his country. V.'c have seen the must Hattering notices of his Plow from the highest source. Surely his Plow will be the only one used, say the most intelligent and enterprizing, wherever it has been properly introduced. In fact, he says the Plow should be entered in a County or State Pair for twenty- two premiums. Tallahassee Flsrithan. A "My name is S<en kt. 1 am a misenJfl bachelor. I cai^sgdjBjkjTV; for how hope to prcva^^HB^|ijLung lady, ol the slight1 jglagnraragra lur.t a A Kcutuckian in an Easy Fix. Col. IT., returning from bis Northern tour, encountered on his way to Cincinnati, a large number of Quakers, of both sexes, returning from an anti-slavery celebration at Cleveland, Ohio. As the care moved on, the Col. became engaged in conversation with one of the friends, and in its course, the subject of slavery naturally arose. The conversation increased in warmth and interest, and inlisted the attention of every one present?the Quakers asserting their utter horror of slavery, and the Southerner maintaining with equal feeling, its justice and humanity. Stopping, finally, at a way station, a new passenger entered?a large, finelooking mulatto woman, holding a bal?y in her arms. Looking around to find a seat, and observing one of the few vacant occupied i n part by Col. II., she proceeded to scat herself. The Col., with characteristic courtesy, made room for the ample display of crinoline. ~ A few moments had clasped, when the darkskinned Venus turned suddenly to the Col., and inquired: ".Mister did you sec ary vallar trunk put aboard this train ?" "Well, really, madam," rejoined the ICcntuckian, "there are so many yellow trunks that I am unable to say whether the one which you allude to was put aboard or not." This did not suflice our heroine. In a moment or two?the Col." having declined an invitation to go out and look up her "vallar" trunk?she arose suddenly and extending the infant African in her arms in the direction of our friend, exclaimed. "Mister, will you hold this 'ere baby while I go and sec after that 'ere trunk of mine?" The Col., assuring her, with ineffable grace and dignity, that he wotrld be only too happy to oblige her, proceeded to dandle in his arms the sooty offspring of my lady. By this time mirth pervaded every countenance, and an :... nv,i ? ,? 1 ? iijcij^uiuai wuvi i wv au|sj'iv;aa <v gUlJdtU Ubll'l told of tlic amusement the picture afforded. Moments fled?the whistle sounded?but Venus did not make her appearance. Matters seemed coining to a crisis. At last, one of the venerable broad-brims, inspired by a benevolent comprehension of the burden the Kcntuckian's politeness seemed to entail upon him, and perhaps, not unwilling to add to the slightly malicious and excusable merriment of his Northern associates, crept up to the scats occupied by the subject of the anecdote, and whispered, in a tone audible to All t 0 "Friend, art thou not afraid she will leave it with thee ?" "Leave it with mc, dear sir?" rejoined Col, H., turning around, so that lie could be distinctly heard by all present, and dropping his voice to a loud whisper, "Why, that is just what I should like?it's worth a hundred dollars in Kentucky!" The few Southerners present shouted with laughter, and the discomfiture of the disciples of brotherly love and sly fun was highly amusill nr. The New York correspondent of the Philadelphia Press writes: "The following gossip is current respecting t.~- 1 *?-i- i - I <? ?C?JI WI Iiiiiiicucv; Iiiat iliia just uccu biruUK 1>V j the Mayor elect: In December, 1850, John (J. money, and sold to Benjamin and Fernaudo Wood onc-lialf of liis famous claims to gold mines m California. The Woods advanced Fremont from 50,000 to 70,000 to pay interests, legal expenses, &c. The Supreme Court (news arrived ycaterday) sustains Fremont's claims. His receipts now, and those of his partners, B, ik F. Wood, will not fall short of $1,000a day!" Extraordinary Telegraphing. Thcro were sent, on Tuesday, over the wires of the Atlantic and Ohio Telegraph (Morse) lines, ex tending between Philadelphia and Pittsburg, five hundred aiidsevcnty-eightprivate dispatches, over five thousand words of news for the Associated Press, and an entire copy of the President's Message, containing over fifteen thousand words, to the Pittsburg Post, and all during the regular business horns ot the day. The President's Message was transmitted, on two wires, in five hours and fifteen minutes, Two thousand and eighty-three words wero transmitted uy one operator?21 r. z,eigier?111 an hour, Mr. Fleming, of Pittsburg, taking it down by "the tick."?Ledger. Kate L. Ji, writing on the subject of kissing, says: "1 am vain enough to pride myself on being a girl of sense, and dearly love and appreciate good kissing: indeed, 1 should as lief have a nice sweet kiss as a Cashmere. It is to mo one of life's sweetest enjoyments ; some of my i bonniest Ilirimolite Itnvn l.nnn in L-!ccin? * "I j 7 - ... A rich, hearty hiss, from plump, rosy, mus-. tached?or umnustachcd?lips, will last one day." TiJE Anderson* Delegation.?We learn from the Anderson Gazette, that the citizens of that village met their delegation and gave them a hearty reception, for their efforts in behalf of the Blue Ridjjc Railroad. They were addressed by Mr. James A. Iloyt, the editor of the Gazette, to which they each replied 'dn an eloquent and becoming manner." On Monday night, Col. Orr, Col. J. 1', Reed, and Major John V. Moore, were serenaded. ? Cone South.?The Hartford Times says: A i gentleman called at our ollioc on Monday who is about to start for the Slate of Alabama, to start a hatters shop and factory there. The trade from his quarter having been much im jured, he removes from Connecticut and takes away the business and the hands employed, j here. In this way Connecticut is made to j suffer. I The New York Herald states that the celebra' ted firm of Stewart A Co., extensive dry goods I merchants, have found it necessary to disehargo ! 50 clerks in conscqnnce of the falling off of the Southern trade; and over 100 linns of lesser note have been compelled to curtail ex penses from the same cause. On the authority of the New Haven Journal, it is stated that Col. Sam. Colt, of JIartford, lias made arrangements to establish a manufactory for fire-arms at Richmond, Ya. The capij tal required is ?1,000,000, of which Major W, | M. ]i. Hartley, of Connecticut, has agreed to j furnish one-half. SorriiKUN Cos-chessmen* in* Home Made,? 1 We learn that the Congressmen in this district ; and others from this Strito, South Carolina and ! perhaps other Southern States, will appear in i the House in a short time in home made suits, Alexandria Sentinel. The Democratic State Convention by a largo ^jwi ; majority, \dnpted resolution, declaring Senator Douglas the livotfBaa?Lti Ohio Democracy, ^es at Charleston ^^State for him. v *, - a