University of South Carolina Libraries
& ? "WBBTTiK-T- "?*?" : -, *; ' * ' ? ' 'r ' "T'SFvW'' . -"'T * ' <v - ? . ' ' * '"t * X-" '* ^ 'tip: " ' '' ' ^ 4' VOLUME XV. ~~ CAMDEN, SOUTH-CAROLINA, TUESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER liJfeSL * NUMBER 50. ' ' ??iMMMMfc ,nr, t Wfi'i JI MHirifiHnu II Willi mill I [ ^ ^ . ', P" . . : PUBLISHED "WEEKLY BY THOMAS J. WARREN. TERMS. | Two Dollars if paid ifa advance; Two Dollars and I Fifty Cents if payment be delayed three months, and ! Three Dollars if not paid till the expiration of the year. : ADVERTISEMENTS will be inserted at the fol-1 lowing rates: For one Square, (fourteen lines or less,) sovonty:flve cents (or the first, aud thirty-seven and a half cents for each subsequent insertion. ^-Single insertions, ono dollar per Rquaro; semi-monthly, monthly and quarterly advertisements charged the same as . for a single insertion. The number of insertions desired must bo noted on the fnarein oi all advertisements, or they will be published until ordered discontinued and charged acordingly. j Blisrtlteous. The Comptroller General's Report. After a chreful examination of the Annual i Rei )ort, submitted to the Legislnime by Col. | J. D.. Ash more; the Comptroller General, \Ve ure prepared\o commend it as a very excellent State Document. It exhibits the finances of the State ill a concise, business-like aud satisfactory manner. It sets forth the receipts and payments at the Treasuries of the Upper and Lower Divisions of the State; contains full and satisfactory exhibits of the taxable property of the two Divisions, together with the taxes levied upon it; embraces the Annual Re : port of the Treasurer of the Lower Division j respecting the Sinking Fund; presents state "i meuts of the taxes collected for the support of the Police of the several Districts and Parishes; also a statement of the debtors and creditors of the State on the 1st t'f October, 1854, an estimate of the supplies for the suppoitof Government for the year commencing 1st 0<tober, 1854, and a statement < !' balances of appropriations undrawn on 1st Oct<??'er 1N54. Besides ail this valuable intormatio ;.nt.|:iug the financial affairs of the State, (Jo. U! mori's j Report furnishes the quarteiL aw tag?- c m | nients of such Banks as have accepted i j;e provisions of the Act ??f the Genoa! A** oil.lv . passed on the 18th of Decembei, 1840. in addition to these quarterly statements Col. Aslunore exhibits tbe monthly returns made to him by tliose Banks. Tit s i* a new and very valuable feature of the Cometi oiler'* Re port. From these tabular statement*. we glean some items interesting to the tax payers of the State. There was in ?he Tiea*my, on the 1st October, 1853,8175.130 63 of a balance. The general taxes tor 1853aoyr.n!. ?l to the sunt of $400,054 (50. lit- v\!."i? ?: not ui re ceipts from varum* * i.- $163 767 55' making the -n?n Al Tlnpaynients aiiiotint t.. ;h -i., ?r ?5 .3.1*23 3 leaving a balaitci in ti.e I . n t 1-t October. 1853, I $105,775 02. Tie r, u . disbursed duriiij'.'he \mi di 5- ?V .? . r 1854, tor Free S I. - ' $74 Mtt 06; . -a!.. of public officer- C.ti.'iSy "X;'or li: the South t j.rolit: ' ! . vJ"i ?00; ?- j aen.ilsand MiiHary->eii.i -2 0 i.. ! of the >tate $80,273 i"?Vl; i > a i* . ii ; - j ?30.700; fur .furors unit ? . ' ?2n I j."i ; 59 ; for Stu'o ilonse and iir,,. .,!> , : j> I buildings$52,836 17; fu nff-ti . 1.1 ?43,691 85 for the Medina I College ??* lli- Si it-- f S? Carolina, $20,0'?0. i'ho-e .-in- iii |.rinesi>.d items of expenditure. Tito exhibit of' he aggregate n'tuns of the two Divisions, and the augri'-.'ai luxe- I hereon, sets forth that there are 382.1500 -laws, and tile taxes on slave* font up $220,500; -ale* of goods, wareS an 1 ine.ehnii i- $25,!) 1(5.(502 and the taxes thereon $51,203 2f>; l'??n!\. In. surance and Cia* Liu lit st<e|t? $6 i?l(),Hti| ,nd i taxes on such st'-eks 1H0 32 a-.! - I fessions, &<. ?1.07i 057 :>d '-in- i comes $10,026 33; l--t> in imvin an . . il. - ! 65,130,307 and the taxe- 2-2 825 '.it'; 17,5589,351) and tlie value tlie cm Vi<>.zr-i.r/u ; and the taxes on hunts $'>1,355 88. These j are the principal sources I'rn.n whiel tli. r? v j enues of the State are derived, ami the anion:.t ] of those revenues. The statement of the Sinking Fund - i - i forth that the balance in favor'of the Stan- . n ! the 1st Oct. 1853, as reported at the In -1 < ! sion of the Legislature,' is $969,226 26; the! profits of the Bank of the State of South Cam j iina for the year ending 30th Sept. 1854, pa>s-1 ed to the credit of the. Sinking Fund, amount to the sum of ?193 976 79. From these profit s sundry payments of interest on three and five per cent, stocks of the State, six per cent, stork ' of 1839 and redemption of five per crnt. sto.-k of 1838 (South western Railn ad Bank) undeducted, amounting in the aggregate to $19, 462 04; thus leaving a balance in lavor of tlie Sinking Fund on 1st Oct. 1854, of 81,143,-; 741 01. # There are several other matters of general j interest embraced in the Report of the C'omp- j troller General, but we cannot i resent them j to oar readers at this time. Columbia Times i Desfsbatk Affhay in thk (jie:<dkkk Na tion.?A desperate fight to?>k place <m Sat urday last, on the Salisnw, in the t i^rok Nation, about twenty, miles from tin- cry between James and William Daniels, on u,(. one side, and Josiah and Sam Starr on tin other. It appears that they had some difficulty ! about a horse race when a quarrel ensued, and j James Daniels drew a revolver and shot Josiah j Starr through the abdomen, and then shot Sam through in the same way, when they returned upon him andliis brother William, and killed James on the ground and cut William in the ?' hi cs4 chest in fifteen fir twenty places, oam oiarr died from the pistol shot on Sunday night and Joe on Monday night. It is reported that William Daniels is also dead. A v oang man by the name of Candy was wounded in the affray with a knife. It'is supposed that he will hardly live. James Daniels was a merchant in the nation: and stood vferv hiuh in tliia nlacc an ? 1 " B" I honest Trader. Since writing the above we learn from reliable authority that William Daniels is not dead, bat is in a fair way to recover and that James Daniels was not killed by the Starrs, but was followed by a crowd of pe.nifus, who were present, and killed. It i* not known who committed the uiurder.?Fort Smith tiered | Report of the President and Directors of the Bank of the State of South Carolina. To the Honorable the President and Members of the Senate : The President And Directors of the Bank of the State of South Carolina respectfully report: That from the 30th September. 1853, to 1st October,. 1854, the--net profits of the Bank have amounted to 8205,000. From these there have been applied to the payment of the iuterest on the State Bonds . payable in London $52,211 95 To the interests on the 6 per cents . loon " /?QC1I OA < H 1 OO1 t i x x <wu And itaie lm\> been transferred to i lie Sinking Fund 193.976 79 8295,000 00 He re with are submitted the usual statements, exhibiting the condition of the Bank at the close of the fiscal year. We have paid of the public debt during the past year the following amounts, viz: Of the 3_j?cr cents. 85,318 67, at a cost ofV. ; $ 3,319 26 Of the 5 per cents, of 1838 1,500 00 Of the 6 per cents, of 1838, payable 1860 ; 20,333 34 825,152 60 As had been anticipated, the profits of the Bank during the year have been less than those realized for several,preceding years. The competition resuliiujj from the establishment, of' new hunks in Cliai iestoii and in the interior towns of the State, has tended to diminish our income. But tho^tnonetarv pressure, which commenced in Europe .in 1853, heeanie extended throughout the round v, and has been felt to a degree almost niunecedented, also contributed to this re-uit. The operation of these causes on n- ar.- evinced y the fact that from the 1st Augu.x . Ifs53 to the 1st October la-t. om eir? iihition at <! ie'-osil accounts were ledum? nearly ota* ill ili- i, of dollars There hav tin' rau -esoj eiatnig The amount iff adv.oic- made by ti e Bank in aid of the Tr.- -mi._? ?v ottsiderablv exceeded that of former year-. .n,d we were in advance through nut th?* oiieines* season. The State, indeed, had the benefit, hut the advantage derived by the Mine not appear to the credit of tlie Bank "ii 'he laee ul" its accounts. A halfyear's d:*identi. also, on the stock pledged bv the State,tin aceouiit of the loan made in 1850, has riot In en received, though it is undetstood that it wil lie a < (,tinted for hereafter. If these items wi fe estimated and brought into account the income "I the Bank would be considerably augment c.l. Tu it <1 ii '! w.heii definitj.'arrange :u< . redemption ofj lie li.-bt SO-a: to fad j du Tltev are ih-w 1. i five t! I ' * ii.* Niiiil Invest- ! e. Ir. a ii. : Mate subs' liption to th capital. ' t* balance outstanding ii 37.035 23 I is y.ibi 1st, Jnn'v 1858. V II'' ill*-? Ut till' Otnt.0 iHiiis", \ tlil in London, issued midc i'h- ;ti*t "f 1838. and also ;.avai.|. on I i .January, 1858. T o balance outstanding will a ni'imt to about 510,000 00 15. i liofii-t in>(alsn< ut of tin.- six |icr cool- issued uinlfr the :ict of IS3N, v ill fall dm-J tJanuary, 180". 'I In' ImlaiiCi <!?:? i- ahou! 400,000 00 M ding an ?:^??.*:-pit;' of ?1,007.035 23 I'll iiitf ?liu* and j\ aide within five \e.ar- fum !-t Jfhi'y next, ,u mm . :.r i . j. j ...l..... i I lit* 11V" i*r i*i*i11s uii in* reaeeimn wuen f*i ; : i.i"< i. hriug low, and the 'jM.dn.t! in It there is no motive : i- |i;iv menI. We propose* i . if |-.-.tclif:ii)le, to anticipate in pait tin- j. iyc.i'iit "f the bonds due in London in 18"?S. mii.I have authorized our agent to ascer an whether the assent of the holders of the S' -ite obligations, to submit to the redemption during the en.-uing year, can be obtained, and if -ii. to enter into the necessary engagements. Th- amount we propose to pay off during the c-iiT-nt vear will !?Y ?30,000, (about Si50,000) o nime, and a similar or larger amount in the f.Mowing year. 'I he remainder of the bonds will be paid before, or as they fall due. A similar arrangem-nt for tiie payment of the six per cents will als?? be proposed as soon as we have extinguished the deht about to Jfall due in Loudon. To carry out the views of tin* Bmtr.i. and keep it in the power of the B n't to '.'V i dv iiiee the larger portion of he r.iio-i eao <l.lt. it wilt be proper to confine ur attorn ion she redemption of that deht until it be exlii"?ir>li' il, except so f;ir as we may he iihle t" take up any part of the three per celli. stock n<>w mils an ling. at the established rat? s. All of which i- >| fully Milmiitted. C M I*'( IIvj;APresident. Cliai lost?>11. N?'V. 27, lrt"'4. & Tlie Sugar Crop. When ue rel'ened -ofiie days since, to the ap> rcllMi ;ed M-iinn- injury sustained by the 8-ign crop fioto ihe sex ere fm?ts by which it ha-1 ecu visited, wc were encouraged to hope the dam-.gc would lie tint trifling. Since thou, how-ver, we regie! to say some of our largest planteis, us well as others of oqually reliable awhoiity, have assured us that there is too mucli eason to (ear a very serious deficiency, m itin l.ntf..t*e lioirtiu. Koan nntrmnll..^ #.ni iii.iiij | 111 i o uinMiji ?WI? vmii|iciicu ill tut dow n iheir cane, t<? preserve it from greater anticipated damage. Thi<, in the face of a crop of admitted lightness, will we fear, act very diiwffagingly on business generally ; for it is impossible to look cheerfully to the future, when one of our.greatest hopes js shaken or destroyed. 1 he majrket tor -ugnr opened this season with the most encouraging prospect, the ordi nsirv grades of sag** bringing, if not a high, still a remunerative price to the grower; thus, in 6ome measure. compensating him lor the unusually high prices it present ruling for every degeripti n of provisions which he may be compelled to purchase for the support of his people. As the prospect now is, unless prices should very materially advance, the planting I interest will be in as miserable a plight as last season, lor as the crop then was unusually abundant, so much so as to jirove in value mlnio-t insufficient to defray the expense of rolling, so now it is likely to be so much diminished by the frost and other causes as to be altogether inadequate to yield an interest on the immense capital embarked in its cultivation. Some years ago sugar for two or tbrdb sea-' sons-was a more eligible crop to cultivate than cotton, and the consequence was that many plantations, particularly in the upper parishes, as high tis Rapides, were converted fiom the latter to tho former, which? in connection with other things, but particularly the unusually heavy crop of last season, lias done much to dispirit those now engaged in the cultivation, and deter others from adventuring into the business. The high price of labor, some contend, is the true cause of the present depression ; but this does not appear to us to be reasonable, for although labor is unquestionably high, and as a general thing inferior, its cost would be disregarded if crops were a good average, and prices at all commensurate with the capital invested. In our opinion,, the best managed estates, taking as an average this and the two last seasons, will not give an interest of four per cent, per annum on the capital invested in them ; and this too, lie it remembfr^d, when planters cannot increase or keep up their force at a less average cost for wOrk- ing hands than twelve hundred dollars each, and should lliey purchase ui cweive iiiuihu ? credit, at an additional cost fur interest and commissions of ten and a half per cent. How long this can continue should crops be deficient, or prices rule us they have latterly done, we do not wish to say ; certain it is, that such as are in debt w ill find extrication impossible, while those who own their estates free of encumbrances, will either he compelled to prae tice the narrowest economy, or eat into their capital. A month ago every thing looked cheering? now a sad reverse has taken place; and unless the weather proves unprecedented!)' propitious, we may safely, calculate 011 very severe limes for our great domestic interest. We have olten regretted, and referred to it as a misfortune, that in view of the innumerable casualties to which the Sugar interest is exposed, no association of planters for the more successful prosecution of the domestic ; nnlarni-i.a ill U llif-ll SO IllflllV !l l'J> fill ll/lfked ' """ i" - ?j i has ever been organised, nor any attempt made,: by combined operation and comparison of: ideas and experience to advance the common | interest. Although no product oilers a more i tempting field for the experiments of men of 1 science none in which improvements in draining, tillage and manuring as well as in the rolling of the cam, and preparation of the juice, would give better returns; yet strange it is, that no body has ever been organised here to collect in an accessible and desirable form, the joint knowledge of all or to diffuse at small expeuce, information that would prove advantageous to all. As a consequence Louisiana and her produels excite no consideration and command no | impoitance any where, and every one pursues his ?.wn plan, right or wrung, and snail like, reposes, in unsocial seclusion, in the penetralia of iiis own obscure and sombre shell. New Orleans 'True Delia. The Cotton Crop.?The annexed impor t.uit remarks upon the cotton crop arc from i Mr. Wright's circular at New York, for the steamer which sailed on Wednesday for Eur. ipe: u The extent of the present incoming crop is still a matter of speculation to nearly every one engaged in the business, and though opinions differ less than usual, tin re is still a mar. gin of 200,000 hales in the extremes. 1 have paid much attention to the subject, and have received troth impartial authorities the fails as they have transpired during the season. In view, therefore, of the information 1 have re ceived, and in the alisence of all complaints us to the existence during the entire season of the boll worm, army worm or caterpillar, and the occurrence of frost at a very late period, I arrive at the conclusion that the present indications are that tjiis crop will be the largest ever made in the United States. The receipts of - ? - ? - J J L .. *1. _ I COIL'>ii into me pons are reiaiaeu oy uie iu? state of all the Southern rivers. 41 The statement of the movements in cotton since the 1st September last, as compared with the previous three years, shows that the increase in rei eipts now amounts to 30,000 bales; the increase in exports to Great Britain *20,000; France 42,00(1. Decrease to other foreign ports 4,000 bales. Total increase in expoits 04,000 bales." A California Tavern.?Time, 1851.? Place one of the mining counties on Bear, River,Scene?high mountains, appear to be made of gold, from the reflection of the sun, as it I was just about to sink behind the waves of the Pacific. A fine large house on the roadside; sign i upon a post, on which was written 'Inn.' Land lord standing oti the steps?up rides u travel er. Trave'er? Can I stay all night! Landlord (bowing in the kindest manner)? Certainly. , Trav.?I suppose you can give mo some bacon a'nd beef lor 6upper? Land, (rubbing his fingers through his hair, and looking rather puzzled)?Sorry to say I have no bacon or beef. Trav.?Well you certainly can let mc have some coffee and bread ! Land ?Ilav'nt got any coffee?flour been out for a week. Trav.?Can you let me have a bed to sleep upon ? i Land.?1 have no beds: I sleep upon the floor myself. % Trav.?Surely, I can get some barley, oats or hay for my horse. Land.?My barley is out?I never had any oats or hay. Trav. (looking around with an air of utter astonishment)?Well, great heavens, mister, how c(^you do ? v Land, (taking of his hat and bowing in the "blandest manner)?I arn very well I thank you sir, how do you do" yourself? Exeunt traveller, on suspicion that the fare at that house waB not of the highest order. uII IUC uui. M C IIUW auu uic report of Lord Raglan, the commander of the Briiish forces, and that of Prince Menschtkoff, in command of the Russians: BK1TISII OFFICIAL ACCOUNT. "Camp, Nov. 6.?The enemy, with immense force, attacked yesterday, in the dawn of the morning, the right of the English position before Sevastopol, which was defended by the Bccond division and the brigade of Guards of the first light division, the fourth division, and part of the'third; and subsequently by'the division of Gen. Bosquet and other corps of the frencli army, which, by their gallant conduct, contributed essentially to the decided success of the day. Gen. Canrobert immediately came (o the spot and gave me the support of his assistance and of his excellent counsel. The battle was extremely obstinate, and it was not till phst noon that the enemy was definitely repulsed mid forced to retreat, leaving the field of battle covered w ith his dead and several hundreds of prisoners. 'Hie number of the enemy much exceeded that which was opposed to us at Alma, and the losses of the Russians have been enormous. Our losses have also been very great. Gen. Sir George Brown, Major General Bentinck, Brigadier Generals Adams, Buller and Torreus have been wounded. The conduct of the troops, in the face of an enemy so superior in numbers, have been excellent. RAGLAN." RUSSIAN OFFICIAL ACCOUNT. The following isa translation of PiinceMenschikoff's despatch, forwarded from St. Petersburgh, via Berlin, the 12th inst.: "The Prince Menschikoff advises us from the Crimea, under date of the 6th November, that on the day previous two vigorous sallies were made by the garrison of Sebastopol?one directed tumiost the nVlit flunk of the enemv. the o n ~ - - j ' other against the left of works of siege The attack upon the right flank resulted in the cap ture of one of the enemy's batteries and the spiking of its cannons. The loss on both sides was considerable. The attack on the left flank of the enemy's works resulted in the spiking of fifteen of the enemy's cannons. Immediately after a French division, pursuing us as we retreated, attempted an assault upon the place, but was repulsed with great loss." FROM A RUSSIAN OFFICIAL LETTER. The arrival of the Grand Dukes produced such enthusiasm in the ranks of the army that the General thought it well to turn it to account. Consequently, on the 5th, the garrison of Sebuslopol made-two sorties; the first at 1 o'clock in the afternoon against the English camp; the second at 2 o'clo'ck against the French position. The affair with the English was of the* most desperate kind, and it is said that the Russians succeeded in spiking their guns. On the side of the French fifteen guns were also spiked by the Russians, who mustered three battalions. After the execution of this bold attempt those battalions retired in all haste, when a French division (that of General Fore}') pursued them with much vigor. Carried away by its ardor, the division arrived under the very walls of the place. It was, however, received with a most murderous tire. In a moment the Hussian^dnshcd against this division, which had to fall back-before n superior force. Nevertheless, General Liprandi, who had perceived the movement of the French, believing that a general attack was made by the Allies, at once detached a part of the force of his corps against the English for the purpose of effecting a diversion. Prince Menschikoff, on Ins side, surprised by this aggression of General Liprundi, who had acted without iiis orders, detached to his aid all the cavalry he could command. There then occurred a most sanguinary and obstinate struggle on both sides, which was prolonged till nightfall. Prince Menschikoff admits in his report n loss of four thousand killed und wounded, and he adds that the i06s of the Allies was at least equal. According to his report 22,000 Russians were engaged in this affair. Menschikoff announces that he is about to concentrate all his forces now at Baksliise'rai, Simpheropol, and other places, and ho expresses his hopes of decisive success. He says the Allies are reduced to 50,000 men, notwithstanding the partial reinforcements they have received. Burning of tiie Rcsisan Hospital.?An occurrence of the most liorrihle nature has taken place. The great hospital in Sebastopol was set on fire by the shells of the Allies, and was burnt to the croutid with all its inmates? two thousand sick and wounded. This frightful circumstance is passed over as quietly as possible in the English and French papers, but it demands the most pointed attention. It may be remembered that we publish an English story to the effect that Mensehikoff hoisted the hospital flag over a magazine, which the English directed their fire upon and blew up. We fear the building thus fired on was really the hospital. Latent by Telegraph. London, Nov. 18.?Lieut. Gen. Sir Geo. Cathcnrt, Brig. Gen. Strangeway, and Brig. Gen. Guldie were killed in the action of the 5th. This news has been received by the Duke of , Newcastle, and is official. _ The Duke of Cambridge had a horse killed under him. The English had 2,000 killed and wounded. The loss of the French is not accurately known. The Russian loss is between 7,000 and 8,000. The attack on the 5th was made by 40,000 of the enemy. The redoubts were taken and retaken. The French lost, 1,500 killed and wounded. General Brown's arm has been amputated. The Russians had left the heights of Balaklava. They expected reinforcements. The Allies are continually reinforced. The steam-frigates have arrived at Batoum to convey 4,000 troops to the Crimea. Letters from Constantinople of the 6tli state that 5,000 French troops had sailed from the hitter place for the Crimea with a favorable-wind. s . TheTurkish man-of-war, Abadischi had foun- n dered, with the Turkish Admiral and seven tl hundred men on board. An Egyptian frigate p has been lost in the Black Sea. v Alias Nightingale, with- thirty-seven nurses c for the hospital at Scutari, arrived at Constan- J tinople on the 8th instant. p There is yet'pleo^ of work to f>e done in ti the Crimea before the Russian force in that di- i< reoiion are made to succnmb. Speaking to d this point, the London correspondent of the p National Iutelligencer writes as follows: p Unfortunately we are without the materials for making a correct estimate of the Russian tl force in the CririTea. The, Times a few days si ago stated that the Russian army in the Crimea, q and both within and without Seb?9iaDol. ir amounted to 80,000 men ; other statements tl reduce the number to 60,006. The Times h states the number of Allied troops to be also n 00,000 being the number which wne originally S landed there. But the relative proportions of tl the respectivecontingents are materially cbang- tc ed. The French disembarked 25,000 men; hi they have now, owing to their powerful rein- hi forcemeats, 36,000; whereas the British can oi only muster 20,000 out of the 27,000 which hj they lauded, full 7,000 having been placed ci hors de combat. ?l About 80 men fall from the British ranks fr daily; hut of these few are killed and comparatively few wounded; sickness is a more gi deadly enemy than the Russian bullets. a We are now alluding to the siege operations; ni lie tmMloc nf A Imn and TtalnUuvA - end the Ui great combat on the 5th form another and si more terriblo calculation. Contiderable rein- di forcements have been 6ent to Lord Raglan, of tr which 4,000 men have probably joined hmi before this dale, and more men are starling tb every day. We beliey.e we may confidently nt state that it has been arranged for 50,000 men le to be immediately scut from .France to the h: Crimea, and that'England is to bear half of the p< expense. It is to aid in the transport of these si' troops that the Peninsular and Oriental Com- th pany have received orders to prepare some of fu their largest steamers. We are of opinion ai that independent of men, and as respects the at materiel of war, neither side has much to boast ta of al present. In the first place, many of the re guns of the Allies have become very shaky, at from accident and from very hard and severe service; and once or twice both French and w English have found themselves with a shorter ih stock of ammunition than was comfortable. A recurrence of this position, however, has now been amply guarded against, and the supply of . powder and every kind of missile is now very . great. As respects the Russians, the walls of 19 Sebastopol are in a terribly shattered fitate.r- PJ It is said that a concentrated attack upou ma- !}. ny parts of them would make a breuch in a ' few hours, sufficient for the purpose of a very ? probable successful assault; and rumor represents the sspply of gunpowder as being very short', much of that which they have being very much mixed with sand by the.fraud of the con- ai tractors. It is also stated that the Russian w guns are now manned by infantry soldiers, in C( consequence of the deficiency of practised gun- J11 tiers; und that the fire from the forts is now . becoming comparatively slack and unsteady ; but, on the other side, we are afraid that the English besieging troops are becoming exhausted and feeble, through long continued exer- ? tion and exposure. In these circumstances, ^ cflsmilities insenarahle from an assault. wiLh a ? ' view to take Sebastopol by storm, might ren- ,, der the Allied army unable to profit by its capture. The taking of Sebastopol, however daz- w zling an exploit it might be, would have no in- P! trinsic value if uot mado a stepping stone to more important victories beyond. The Allied _ army must be kept in a condition to profit'by the full of Sebastopol, or that victory would be y comparatively worthless." b New Territory.?The settlement of the le new teraitory acquired by the late treaty with fr Mexico has already commenced from California. 01 A party of twenty-five left Los Angeloson the 01 2d of October, under the lead of Lieutenant pi n j i _ ... i i .L. a nrauy, wuo was uunciieu iu me surveying ?* party of Captain Gray, in the recent boundary sc commission. While*on that service he ac- hi quired a very minute knowledge of the territory tl along the line of exploration, and gave such fo a flattering account of his discoveries that a v'< preliminary party has started to take possession of the choice spots which be is capable of point bi i.ng out. It is known in general terms that n' there is a fine agricultural and mineral region C within the boundaries oftho Gadsden purchase, to It is moreover, stated with confidence that the portion of Sonora along the northern routes traversed contains placers and gold mines as *~ productive as any that have been found in Cal- w ifornra. The expedition of -Lieut Brady is not c* a mere prospecting trip; but is based on actual ^ knowledge derived from personal explorations, ? and there a very prosperous settlement, to be largely increased by immigration from Cali forma and lexas, is confideutly anticipated, v This party intends to erect a fort either at Tumacacari, or Calnzabas, and it is understood gc that authority is to be given to the commanding ' general of the Pacfic division to establish a military garrison at the point which shall be rg selected as most favorable. ' jn A new map of the country acquired from jj Mexico is in preparation at San Francisco, which will be au important addition to the ju geographical knowledge of the day. It is de- bi scribed as exhibiting the boundaries of the ?) newly acquired territory from Mexieo, laying hi down accurately the principal points.iit the . w J ? m *i 'i oiaiu ui k^uuuiu iiiiu u j/uiii?mi ui v/umuauuo; fj nlso a section of New Mexico nnd California 8( bordering on the Gila and Colorado and ex- ;s tending to the parallel* of 36 degrees north latitude. It has been compiled from actual surveys of a large portion of the country, and gj carefully compared with all the recdnt surveys ^ of Gray, Bartlett,. Derby, Heintaelman and w others, who have within late .years explored ^ this region.?Evening Argus*. i: 8i Thr Ghavb.? An ugly hole in the ground, o which lovers andj pd?ts wish they were in, h but take uncommon pains to keep out of. fa h * . The Tariff. . ? The reduction of the tariff tp* revenae tandard, and the adoption of a ?cnle of.?co ' lomical, yet proffer expenditures, was, of all he issues between the Democratic and Whig isrties, the only and the prominent question rhich retained life, importance and .eigniCcatr y. Beyond a doubt the present tariff (thatof 846) is high and onerous, woa fiu?liione4^fer. rotection, and in Ij^q part a Whig ernlfate ion; and also, boyond a doubt, the IJemVjwiJJr ' ; party was and is pledged to its revistfm, reliction and improvement. Is it ifiLconJernlation to redeem that pledget Will that ledge "be redeemed? We fear no<x ... If the Administration, if DouglaS; Cassffiud ie Norlheen Democracy Irhd at the'laai sfcion of Congress addressed their efforts to dtis ueslion -with the same pertinacity witlitvbich/1 * I tliaii* nrotonon (a coffin ftio clntmrn Aiinbti/ik. I IUV.II |/l VIVI'V^V II/. OVVbtV ?UQ VlUIVIJf Vj UVQ^IVV1 ley unsettled every*thing, the taidf would. , ave beenjgactified, and their present pwitioh ot one <w humiliation and de&at. If.ithe . outhern Democracy, had pot heeu ..luffcd hy le igniifcluus of a fatal. measure, andpefsUr >d in demanding the.other as t?f more ;(noin?h* nd benefit to the South, they too coold no^v ave looked lipoma sky hot hung vvitlwke pall F a gathering tempest. We could at least ive had the satisfaction of meeting the diffc. , jlties gathering around us with thews lees . tarkled, resources less burdened; and a spirit ee from compunction and jading. .7?; What is now the prospect? The next Con'ess will be rank'with ivjiiggeryyabolition, and blood sucking policy. . For.years the. domi- , incy .of its elements will keep-jasteoed upon ^ is system unequpl and oppressive. Antlavery. policy, as well as manufacturing greet nesis, will seek to batten on Soulberiyiuduif* y. If the administration.?if the Democracy of e South?would save themselves, they hitfst )t permit to pass unavailed the only, chance ft them to redeem the .pledges whjc.fr:Alone ive hitherto given them strength .pud .pros* ;riiy. That chance is the cpmirig short ;s$s) on of the present Congress. We are aware lat great leading measures, especially those 11 of detail,.or involving elaborate discussing, o rarely, if ever, acted upon and disposed*^ , the short sessions. But by'thfe time the riff scheme should have been digested sad * ady for adoption. At any rate, prqmpt arid ringent effort may carry it through. i It is time to demand of the Democracy, and e do claim of Southern Representatives, that is question receive fit attention. Charleston Evening News. Duty of ttie South.?The Petersburg itelligencer, a leading Whig paper of Virjjai^ - \ discussing the question as tp the c&tfrlej oper to be pursued by the SbTithern member^ 'Congressjn case of a repeal of the Nebraska" 11 nn/l 4 li f\ on i r\ i o f inn 1* flia. ntlinf colionSAo II UI1VI tllCtUlOUIIIIIMUIUII VI lUb V|IIVI oviibiu^n f the "Fusionists It says: ' In these contingencies what are Southernlembers of Congress to do? Certainly not,like' lackguards and bullies, to go to fisticuffing fid bowie knifing; but like djgtiified gentlemen alk out of the hall: ' return to their repecliyb' instituents, and inform them that the govern^ lent is dissolved. AVe are aware that.we shfdlJ a asked what right ode -branch of Congrbs^3 ive to dissolve the Union of the States." \1V :ply, the government of'the United States? . epends upon the constitutipn of the United" tates. As long as the Constitution'of the nited States lasts its creatureshinyjast,when ic constitution has been so hacked and bat ired that hardly a true fealore of it can bo. iscerned, it is the merest nonsense in the orld to talk about its powertb keep the dC* *rtments in the proper spheres." -? >4 Escape Of a Slave Fnost New Qrlexxk -TI10 Savanah Morning News of Saturday saystr" l,On Tuesday evening last, the shipJamiK rown, Capt. William H. Wilson, arrived at* ybee, and anchored inside the bar. She fcas aund from New Orleans to Liverpool, having ft the former port on 5th instant'. We lenm. otn Captain Wilson that when the ship wan? it some four or five days, he discovered a. slarsi 3 board, who says his name is Bichard Shopird and, that he is owned in New Orleans by Mr. John Brown. As soon as Captain WiM J: 1.1- i.~ ? m uiacuvjrvju uio- /it* uciciiiiiiicu tv im on the first vessel bound South, mid for* int purpose stood off a id on in the gulf stremn r some five or .six days, but not meeting'a issel, he determined to put'Wp this port, aink rived here as 6tatc-d above. Capt Wilson! ought the slave Hp to the city yesterday moring in a pilot boat, and gave him in charge of onstable 1). II. .Galloway, who committed him i jail to await the order of his owner." )<t ;# Watsb the Principal Necessarv orLifk. -Potatoes contain seventy-five per ceut., (tyr. eight;) and turnips no le*s ihan ninety .per ?nt. of watef^ which explains, by the . wiy, ie small inclination of turnip fed cattle and '* teep for drink. A beefsteak, strongly pressed; itween blotting-paper, yields nearly four-fifths r its weight in water. Of the hnman^frarne tones included) only about one fourth is solid alter (chiefly carbon and nitrogen;) the rest water. If a man, weighing ten stone, vi^te [ueezdfl flat under a hydraulic press, syveu, id a half storm of water would run yot.'/tnd lly two and a half stone of dry residue.wdofd imain. A man is, therefore, fchemUially speak g, forty-five pounds of carbon a&l nitrogen ffused through five and a half pailsfull of w.v sr. Berzelius. indeed, in recording the fhet, istly remarks that" the living organism ism , e regarded as a mass diffused in water;" and lalton, by a series of experiments, tried on is own person, found that of the Toml with hich we^dailyycpair thiar water built fabric, ve sixths are alscr water. Thus amply does :ience confirm the poptifar saying, that water i the "first necessary of life."?Quar. Jievitvf. ' . ir* - i>4ir Gov. Footk.?Ex-Governor Foote, of Mis* ssippi, is repoi ted to have been very successil in the practice of the law in California. hftfft lift h)19 rftfftlltl v vrnntuA a nvirrni lansion, a short distance from San Francisco.,. . lis wife, two daughters, and a son, left Missisppi about two weeks ago, with the intention f joining him. The remaining members of ^ is family, four in number, expect to join their. " tther some time next yefcr. * $ . \ '"1 ' Details of Foreign Intelligence. Our letters and newspapers received last night furnish but little additional intelligence respecting the recent operations at Sebaslopol. It was expected in the French caiiip oh the-3d of November that an assault would be made upon the town on the 5th. Eight thousand Frenchmen offered themselves as volunteers, but only 4,000, under Prince Napoleon, were selected. On the 4th the firing tvas^slack on both sides. Preparations were Being made for the assault, and scaling ladders had been ordered up. Apparently the assault was prevented by Prince MensthikofF's attacking the A1 I IOO 1>A fits 1* WT?? MA?a? (KA inlo/rl*onKl<t