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A From th-i LancatitcXedge)-, Extra, April 7. * Glftjrians News 11 Lan^trr I&ileemvd / Regenerated! ! Disenthralled ! d ike Railroad-Charter Secured ! ! ' To day ha&heen ;a great and gala day f??i ! the people of Lancaster District', it being the last day for recemng subscriptions to t!?e stock r !...!/ E '?? *?v rillllUSiddUC UH'CUII^ ?tl3 HVIU \r in the Cotu t'House, w hen all "seemed to fee; that it WHS-jheiast'tlay 6f grace?that the Kail i ;Ro?d.Charter *?u-t he secured to day?that il must be either avRail Road to-day or never n?\d, under this-sttte.of feeling, all went hearii >]y to -work, and in good earnest, -adopting the . lujotto of General Taylor, at the battle of Buena,Vistn, L a n cits t e r District,' never surrenders.1 W.e. fought. liard and fought a-good fight) figlrtinj* under the solemn belief, that, the-result ol the battle-M ould be to us either life or death? victory oiy.defeat, and wejl docs the sequel tell, that tvecnme out of tliecoiitestiictoc-hi.us? Large subscriptions-of stock, to the road M ere y received, nnd not knowing,- precisely wliat ; amopn;, of stofck had been si^bsC^ibeil at other v places where the Books \vere opened, .and in 'r order to secure tlj.e charter beyond nil doubt, the following gentlemen, resolving in their owp ; minds thatihere.should be no failure, stepped l forward and nobly did their duty. b_v subscribing the fmllanee of the stock necessary to secure the charter, iucluding .what is subscribed at other places- .Their natnes are as follows: f . T. K^Curejton, Dixon Barnes, Thonvas W. Huey, Sif. P. Crawford, S. B. Massey, J. P. > ..Crockett, H. $. Price, George McC. Wither; spoonyR. Ti. Crawford, J. II. Witherjpoon, t _^ym. Stevens, Jos.-A. Cunningham, J. B. Cou:: sart, James Robinson, R. II. Crockett, Jones Crockett, J. A Has.seltiue, J. E. Cureton, J. I E.'Adams, and S. B." Emmons. Then let us all.exclaim, with hearts full of 1/ j"y and rejoicing, hail! all hail! to the noble Spartan Band, who have so nobly come for ward to. the rescue of the road, and thereby i saved the Chapter. r The Commissioners appointed at Lancaster ..Court House, under the Charter, to incorporate l tire Lancaster Hail.Road Company, are request^ ed to meet at Lancaster Court House, on the A^t^tJUondsj^ iu May next with a view of appointing, the timefor.a general meeting of the Stockholders, to organize the company. The i Spartan Band, are also requested to meet at the same time and place. The Memphis Cmxvf.ntlon.?Among the objects contemplated by the Southern ConvenC tion, which is to assemble At Memphis on the pP" first Monday in June, are the following : The establishment of a continental depot ol b cottOn, in opposition to Liverpool. The direct exportation c f cotton by. the plant, er, thus doing awny with middle men, middle \ warehouses, middle commissioners, middle insurances, and all that interminable medium which eats up our substance and concentrates fV our exports at Liverpool. To build up a Southern importing market, in i opposition to New York. * -t i- ?M i -lis loestaDiisn mrougn ruuruau uimuuco iuuic K sympathy with the great West and Northwest, ? socially, commercially and nationally.To have one or more lines of steamers to ft. Europe. To induce emigration through Southern ports \ to pass to the West by a communication always open, expeditious, and cheap; or to set; tie on our fertile lands. To stimulate manufactures and general in' dustry. To educate our children at fcome, to spend f our wealth at home. To aim at commercial and industrial independence. f Melancholy Accident.?Yesterday morning, a young man by the name of Thos. Scarborough, (says the,Augusta Constitutionalist, of the 7th,) was shot by the accidental discharge of a revolver in the hands of hisyotfnger brother. They were examining the pistol, one of which they did not believe to be loaded. They placed caps on the tubes, and were exploding thein when the pistol was discharged. ' ... ? .? 1 . *J? tl _ The ball entered ine oreast on uie rigui, biue, about one inch from the nipple, ranging across the breast; but the precise location of the ball could Dot be nscei tnined, because of the patient not being able to stand the necessary manipulations. We understand his life is despaired of. This is but one of many accidents occurring from the careless handling of firearms, and should be a warning to persons never to hold the muzzle of any firearm towards any one under any circumstances whatever. Wholesale Destruction* of Letters.? On Wednesday last seven hundred bushels, or about one million, of dead letters were de. stroyed, in accordance with the usage of the ; Post Office Department. They were carted to Monument Square, and spread over a lino of two or three hundred feet when the match was applied. The entire mass of combustible material was soon iu a blaze, aud several hours elapsed before the conflagration was completed; the official attendants meanwhile raking the burning fragments to facilitate operations. The atmosphere for thousands of feet around was filled with charred fragments. A large number of persons witnessed the proceedings with much interest.? Washington Republic. Major Perry.?This gentleman amuses his leisure moments in Court at the city of Washington in fabricating ridiculous comparisons for South Carolina "secessionists. A crazy man comes into Court and announces that the Union is dissolved, and for this intrusion he was prop A ** cove t criy stjii t iu jiTiBun. iiiv.1 v, .71.^u tuy , ''there goes a secessionist, and straightway writes this ridiculous absurdity to the Patriot. Every drunkard thinks himself the only sober man in n crowd, and every inmate of I Jed lam believes the world gone mad. May not this be the Major's predicament ? We should not be surprised if he sues out a writ de lunotico inquirendo against South Carolina before he leaves Washington. Dr. Gardiner; the Dentist, may probably furnish him with the necessary certificates.?Black River Watchman. Sir Walter Raleigh was the first discoverci />f the value of the Potatoe as a food for man f)no day he ordered a lot of dry w eeds to b( eoljected and burnt. Among these was a loi of dried potatoes. After the bonfire, these po tat0*3 were picked up thoroughly roasted.? Sir Walter tasted and pronounced them deli eious. By this accident was discovered i species food which has saved millions of thi Juiinan race from starvation. The II on. Pierre Soule, of La., has been now jug ted and confirmed as Minister Jo Ppnin. Cljf (Tnmkn Wfekli) Jtonrnnl. Tuesday, April 12, 1?53. THO. J. WARREN, Editor. Our Court I Adjourned on Saturday last. Xo case of special inI lerest, except that of the State vs. Capt. L. W. R. Blair, I indicted as an accessor}* to the killing of Mrs. Jane D. ' Young, on the 11th of February last. ..The case was I commenced on "Wednesday and occupied two days. It ' was conducted by Mr. Solicitor Fair and ably argued ' by Cols. A. P. Aldrich and B. F. Hunt, on the part of i the State. The defence was conducted with great ability by Hon. J. L Pettigru, Hon. F. I. Moses aud non. James Chcsnut The Jury after a long charge ' from his Honor retired for about two hours and returnI ed with a verdict of Not Guilty. The attendance upon Court this term was unusually large. y\ Rail Road. It will beseen from an extract from the Lectyer which we copy in another place, that a sufficient amount has ' been subsciibcd to secure the Charter of this Road. It now becomes a question whether the project of building a Plank Road from Camden to the North Carolina' line sliould not be abandoued for tho present, and our citizens unite with those of Lancaster in the immediate construction of the Railroad. Wo will give our opinion on the subject in our next. China and Earthen Ware Store. Wc ask the attention of purchasers to the Advcrtise1 roent of Mr. II. E. Nichols, in our paper to-day. His Stock is one of the best in tho State, we have no doubt, ' and as he imports directly from Europe he can sell as cheap as any one in the State. Those of our friends , visiting Columbia would do well to give him a call. Professor Miles' Oration, * Delivered before "the Literary Societies of the South Carolina College, December 7, 1832. We are uuder obligations to George M. Fairlee, esq., for a copy of the above. The reputation of the author for his learn1 ing and ability is a sufficient guarantee of its worth. . ft t Senator Butler Will please accept bur thanks for his kind attention in forwarding us a late Congressional favor. 1 - Forbearance. There is no virtue which Temperance strives more to inculcate than forbearance; and we are sure that no ' man who will follow closely Its teachings, and observe ' honestly its requirements, who will not experience ! abundant benefit- in this, particular. "Greater is he that rulcth hisspirit than he that taketh a city."? f These are words of immense truth and force, requiring really more 1*0ral coqrago and" firmness than is frequently supposed. The taking of .a city is an act re1 quiring skill to be sure, but oftener mere physical force. Courage and energy may accomplish it easily, aud at | the same time be tho very instruments of ministering to personal vanity and gratification. An Alexander might conquer tho world, and yet be a slave to his own passions and appetite. He is only a free man in the full sense of the word, who can rule his spirit. This requires more true moral courage, firmness and self-sacr.fice, than great military chieftains are commonly found to possess. Unfortunately our bravest men are often the soonest slain;' and alas! too often the noblest spirits are the first to be humbled in the dust. Appetite is a cruel tyrant, and ho is hot a freeman who is led captive at its will. He that ruleth his spirit must so discipline his mind, as almost by intuition to discard every sentiment and feeling therefrom of doubtful propriety or of a hurtful tendency. By the term, "He that ruleth his spirit," we understand is meant a perfect control over self) and a subduing of the inner man under complete mental discipline, which will naturally regulate all our words and actions, and direot them into a proper channel. A man may acquire great worldly fame?yea, by his extraordinary military skill tako even a city, with as much ease as ever Napoleon Bonaparte did?and yet that very man may bo on obedient subject to somo gross passion which enslaves every faculty and sentiment of his moral parts: yes, tho willing captive to some unholy appetite which eventually proves his final and eternal ruin. Is such a man great in the complete sense of the word ? Nay verily 1 though he may have taken a city! Is such a man free? We think not? "He is the freeman whom the truth makes freo, And all are slaves besides." Then he is "greater who ruleth his spirit than be who taketh a city." The sense then in which this proverb is to be literally received is, the good alone aro great? that "Virtue is the strength and beauty of tho soul and more to be admired and sougl it after than all man's boasted egotistic glory, which is at best but a vapour that appcarcth but for a moment, and then vanisheth away. To bear aud forbear, requires greater strength of in tellectual capacity than the mass of thinking humanity arc apt to imagine. If wo could always keep one truth in view?that we arc the same frail being that our erring brother is?then would charity have its perfect work upon our hearts, but unfortunately "All men think all men mortal but themselves;" and hcucc the great diflieulty in properly appreciating the sentiment of the poet: "To err is human, to forgive divine." Santa Anna.?General Santa Anna, accompanied by his wife and daughter, and a large suite of Moxican officials passed through Havana on tho 28th ult, on board the British steamer Avon, on their way to Vera Cruz It is believed that on his return to Mexico, he intends to reduce the republic to a dependency on tho Spanish Crown. The luture inovemouts of that wily politician will be watched with much interest here, as well as in Mexico. Darlington.?At an election lor Intendant and Wardens of tho Town of Darlington, held on Monday 4th inst., the following gentlemen were elected: Intendant.?Dr. T. J. Flinn. Wardens.?Rev. L. DuFre, Dr. R. L. nart, Col. T? W. Charles. Mai. J. A. Dargnn. The Marion Star informs us that Judge Frost lias had a hard week's work in the session sido of the Court there, and not being able to reach the issue docket, has ordered an extra Court. An extra Court will , also be ordered for Partington?the time not yet fixed. The Washington Union says that the paymcutsmade out of the secret service money of the Treasury, for . the secret inspection of customs, have been arrested by Secretary Guthrie, as an improper and wasteful ? appropriation of the public funds. An Escape.?William E. Murphy, who was sen. tenccd to one year's imprisonment and confined in the jail at Barnwell C. II., for boing engaged in tho killing i of McDonald, broke jail and escaped on Tuesday ovenL? ing last. Monument to Gen. Worth.?Tho House of Assenv bly of New-York lias ordered to a third rending the bill appropriating $5000 for a monument to General Wort!:. Spring has Come. How delightful is the Spring Season; when natur assumes her wonted cheerfulness, having disrobed her self of Winter's grey suit, putting on the varicgatei colors of the season. With birds and flowers all seer bright and joyous. The soul which cannot feel th charms of Spring must indeed be cold and unhappy.Welook forward with joyful anticipations to this de liglitful- season, and may well exclaim? "Come, gentle spring, ethereal mildness, come, , And from the bosom of yon dropping cloud, While music wakes around, veiled in a shower Of shadowing roses, on our plains descend." There is a melancholy pleasure in contemplating tin changes of the seasons, aud how aptly do they illus trate the changes in human life. Spring may well b< called the bright and joj-ous clays of childhood?Sum racr tlfe full bloom of life?and Autumn its sober anc sedate time of reflection?Winter the stern season o declining years. All of these have a deep and signifi cant meaning. We have the spring, the soft sensor of our youth. With buoyant hopes and joyous hearts we gludly welcome its approach; but oh to how man] does this season have but few charms ? The sprinj lime of the heart with them is gone, and all is but one unchanging Winter. Then may we not minister t< such whilst,our cup may be full, are wo to have n< thought for others around us? Yea let us think thai our time to mourn may soon come, nud we shall neec the sympathetic tear, and that it is not always Spring Spring will soon pas3 away, and let its record secur< for us an inheritance in that better land where Sprinj oternal and never changing Spring abides. Our idea; of happiness cannot be very correct if we confine then to earth, for "Such is life, awhile wo play Enamored of each fragile flower. And wrapt in hope's bright vision stay iiio snort iiv u nour. Messrs. Caramon &, Co., of New-York,have takei the North-Carolina loan of $500,000 in coupon bond for^rty years, at 6 per cent. Their bid was$105.02 beinPfiie best for the whole amount, Iho other bids ti the amount of two millions, varying from $95 to $110 These bonds were issuod in aid of the Central Rai Road, and arc specially exempted from taxation. The Railroad "Crossing.?Yesterday, fo the first time, the passenger trains of thcSoutl Carolina Railroad passed over the Savannal river and delivered the passengers and mails it this city. It had been announced in the morn iiig that an extra train would leave Charleston bringing a large number of Cbarlestonhins an< Carolinians, which, together with the noveltj of the thing, drew out quite a large concoursi of our citizens to witness the arrival of the tw< trains. They came over in quiet, handsomi style, and were greeted with a shout, which wai cordially responded to by those within the cars There having been no previous arrangement there was no ceremony; and the visitors (then were about two hundred) descended from th< cars and quietly wended their way to the Ho tels. We cannot deny ourselves the pleasure i affords us to welcome, most cordially welcomt our visitors, and to express the earnesst anc sinceie hope that their visit may contributt much, very much, to cement still morecloselj the interests of the two cities and States, anc to cultivate more intimate personal and com mercial relations between the people.?Avgus (a Chronicle. Early Vegetables.?We have receive* from Henry Lyons, Esq., specimens of the cu cumber family, which are very fine. One is i n n.nr I'ihil In ,,o flin Qmn Hauda m.a ftint t* uuit niuu fcw mo iuu wivia jljiuuacj ?rc vmtir its name is. It is over a foot long, add appear* to be a fine variety. Tho other is the greet frame cucumber, well growu. Mr. L. is bard to beat in garden products, whether as to time or excellence of their varieties. We doubt il there are any private gardens in the Southern country to equal his, either in tasteful arrangement, floral display, or tho extensive assortment and rarity of his fruits. ? South Carolinian, Judgf. Withers and the Grand Jurt.? Mr. Elford, the Junior Editor of the Greenville Patriot, writing from Anderson C. H., says that the charge of Judge Withers to the Grand Jury, at the opening of the Court at that place, was the most concise^ yet comprehensive exposition ot the functions and duties of Grand Jurors that he has ever heard. Whilst speaking of the discretion with which they were clothed in acting upon the bills of indictment submitted for their consideration, he said that where an abusive fellow receives a good thump for using language calculated to insult an un/itfl>ndln<r m.in ho /rots pxactl v what he deservos. and the Grand Jury would do right in such a case to find " No bill.'" Sknator Butlkr.?Araong the speeches which the recent discussion brought forth in the Senate on the Monroe doctrine, was that ol our Senator, Mr. Butler, defending the faith ol treaties. Its language was that of conservatism against the new fangled doctrines that would supersede the good old faith of the fathers of onr political church from the heresies of Young America. It is refreshing to fall bach on the sound and healthy opinions of those who tread as Senatorial councillors in the path of honor and good faith in our international relations. While the senate contains the expositors and defenders of these opinions, we neec not fear the predominance and undue influence in that body of the manifest destiny partizans and advocates.?Evening News. ' ? Fihe.?At about a quarter before elever o'clock last night, a fire broke out in the car penters shop of Win. Jones, situated on th< nothwest corner of Lynch and Beaufain streets and althongh our fire department were prompt ly in attendance the building and the entire stocl of tools, with a quantity of materials, &c. were destroyed. IIow the fire originated, o whether the building and property therein wen insured, we have been unable to ascertain. We regret to learn that after the Vigilan Fire Engine Company had put their engine up one of its members, Mr. J. A. Dennis lost hi life at Baker's Exchange, whither the Compa !??'! haimj'iko/1 f/\ nKfoln enmn 11 V II (114 J C|'(H I VU IV WIOIII CVHiv I vi> vwHiuvgigc 1 from incauriously stepping back in the roon and falling through the window, which wa ' open, into the street. His denth, we are in 1 formed, was instantaneous.? Charleston Cou ritr. From several quarters the suggestion ha 1 been made of a World's Temperance Conven ' tion to be held during the great Exhibition t come oft" during the summer in New-York.One proposition is, that each Stato appoin some man. to represent her in making the ar rangements; a nil-that this Committee have a j early meeting in New York, to fix the time am i issue the call. For the Camden'Journal. 0 Mu. Editor r?I enclose you the Report of a < .. Committee appointed by a -Convention asscmX bled at Lancaster C. 1L, in September 1850, to" 1 ? promote the construction of a Plank Road from : D Camden to Monroe, in N. C.' This valuable < document was prepared in January 1851, was i lost in the 'mail, and only recovered in April, i 1852. For this reason it was never laid before i the public. I trusty now that the necessity is ( upon us, that you will publish.it in your next I paper. At some subsequent time, another chap i ter may be added to the history of Plank ltoads, r B and the progress <ff decline and decay in our j Town within the two years which have elapsed ? since the date of the Report. ' f A SUBSCRIBER. r t * \ ' Flank Road from Camden to Monroe, N.C. \ f * February, *1851." < The Committee appointed by the meeting of ? 1 citizens of Union county, Lancaster and Ker- ( > shaw Districts, held at Lancaster Court House ] r in September last, to report an address to the r ; couiitryiiitercsted in tins proposed I'ianK ltoaa, fi 3 now beg leave to perform that duty. t > The improvement of a country by these roads ( > is of quite a modem origin, and it is fortunate j t for the country now proposing to build one, that r 1 we have the light of experience before us, affor. ded by the works of other companies. From - j 3 their operations, we may learn the actual facts, g j cost of building, expense of repairs and working \ , the road, and the profits to be derived. J , The Committee desire to be entirely candid ih i the facts which they intend to state in their rc j port, and to mislead no one by extravagant spec- r illations, figures of speech or strained facts. With 5 this view they will exclude from the compufa- a lion which will be submitted?the amount of f travelling done on some of the roads built in the i Northern country, particularly New York; be- . s cause the amount of travel done on some of these ( , roads, neverhas beendonc in the Southern coun- j d try: for instance, over n short road in New-York, i. 80,000 two horse wagons passed in one year. No j j interior town in the Southern country can have j that number of wngous to arrive at it in oiie ' year. From all the facts before the country, it j r would be extravagant to suppose that over 60,- < a 000 two horse wagons could arrive at the largest j i of our interior towns, to-wit: Columbia, Augus- | i tn, Macon, Columbus, or Montgomery. It is a proposition now well settled by actual | , facts, that every improvement in the mode of , 4 tranannrtatinn in a country, facilitating fllld < f cheapening the carriage of products to market, < j adds to the value of that country; and enhances | j the value of land along the line of such improve- ( 3 ment in the first place, and the remoter situated , 5 lands ultimately. This result alone would be sufficient to pay the cost of building our road. , > But this proposition is more .particularly true of > a cotton growing country, which has a large, ; 3 cumbrous, and in proportion Jtb bulk, a light ar- j . tide, to carry to market; involving,ihe loss of ' much time from the farm, of horsepower and . t drivers, and the wear and tear of wagons and ; gears. This result, adding to the value of the ] 1 lands, has .arisen in every country where a canal ; or rail road has boenbuilt in America; the same 3 r reason- will operate in the case of Plank roads, < [ and the result must be the same. ) Taking this point as settled, then every owner 1 . of land along the line of the proposed road ought to lend his aid to it. Turning ffom the land owners, the question I to the planters and farmers trading to Caiuden, ^ will be, what value is such a road to us? i | The road from Camden to Monroe, sixty-five ] . miles, consists of a very heavy sand for first ^ ten miles?almost a dead level?equally bad in ^ ( wet and dry weather, and very severe on teams I accustomed to clay lands. The rest of the road mm'nlv oonsists of a heflvv tenacious clav. nar- a ficularly above Lancaster Court Hcase, with some t | pieces of hard good road, and some beds of sand. This clay in wet winter weather, makes a road >] that is very dreadful to travel through, wearing ^ out horse power, and wagons, and "gears, and r consuming much time, and sometimes becomes t almost impassable. In March and April 1850, all travel on it ceased, because of the impossi- a bility of getting along on it at all; and farmers t ceased to bring their produce to market till after they had pitched the crop'of 1850. . The Ptynk road is safe and good a^ all times, 1 and saves'this waste of"time, means and money. 1 It will save time to the planter.' On'the pre- ' sent roads, he hauls six bales of cotton to market . with four horses; on the plank road, he would 1 haul the same load with two horses?a saving alone of one-half his labor. On the present road, ? ho would make 15 to 20 miles a day, according to the state of the road?on the plank road, he could make 30 miles a day, steadily and without v failure?a saving of one-third in time. On the present road, he founders or cripples . a horse, or so uses him up, as to unfit him for !' i service for some time;#on the plank road, his 11 animals are always in good condition, and ra '' ' ther improve than fall off, on the road. The T wear and tear of wagons and teams on the e present road is very heavy?on the plunk road 0 . it would be a mere trifle. 8 The calculation allowed from cxpericnco % is, that three days in ten is saved in hauling ; to market on a plank road, double the load ^ > with the same animal power. The plank road 1 l increases the certainty of getting to market, v and without accident, and so is equal to an in- 1 surance. These are "fixed facts," derived from 1 I the experience of the Fayetteville and Wes- r > tern Plnnk Road Company, now in operation i in North Carolina, according to the Report of 1 their President, as well as from other compa- ^ nies. * I As an example, take a planter, thirty miles 1 . from Camden, with 50 bales cotton to carry to I 3 market. On the present road he would make eight trips?of one day and a half to get to 1 . Camden, half day to sell, and one day to re- t i turn home?three days ; then he looses twen- t ty-four days hauling to market. On the plank i r road, with the same team, four horses, he < ? would make four trips, of two days each? t equal to eight days; then between the two < t roads there is the saving of sixteen days of 1 i wagon and team, driver and boy. This, at the ] s low rate of two dollars and a half per day, is i . equal to forty dollars; and he would have paid \ i Toll on the road, at three cents per mile, sevn en dollars twenty cents. I s But the saving is largely more to the plant- i . er, in giving to him the time to improve his ' > lands. I It follows from these facts, that it is greatly < ?t,n i,tnrnct nnil .idvniifAfrtt of Averv nl.mter 1 Iu u?u mtvivwv O- ? J I s of cotton, between Camden and Monroe, to ] aid in the building this road. 4 0 All other producers for market arc equally | _ benefitted. In truth the facility and certainty i t of getting to market by a plank road, would .. induce and justify the bringing to market many , n of the smaller products of the farm, which now < J cannot and do not come at all, because they will not bear the expftnse of transportation. The next enquiry is what would be the cost )f building this road. Here we have facts again to puide our jtidg nent. The Tayeltoville and Western llbad; is fur as laid down, including the expense .of crossing a cr.cek with a bridge, and the build ng the necessary toll-houses, cost 81465 per nile, according to the Report of the President nade in April last. But we do not regard this ts a1 safe fact for us to rely on, because we find abor and material to be cheaper in North Caolina than with us; for instance,that compaiy obtained their plank at sixty-seven cents )er hundred feet, and the stringers, (or timber >n which the plank lays) at thirty-one cents ier hundred feet, delivered along the line of oad. We know that the plank and stringers ? 11 I m n ho in Qnutli Porultnn onrl tlioi*nfni>a ve make our calculations upon the prices in South Carolina of such lumber, and of labor; ind upon such data, we calculate that the cost >f the road will be about nineteen hundred dolars per mile, which, at sixty-five miles, will nake the whole cost, including toll-house and ill fixtures, to be one hundred and twerftyhree thousand five Hundred dollars, say $124,)00. We do not believe that under any p.ro>er management, the. road can cost $2000 j?er nile. m - The cost of grading, judging again from ^orth Carolina experience, will ^amount to 5150 per mile?equal to$9,?50, say 810,000. i-Ve may fairly calculate that the owners of the ands through which the road runs, will be villing to gr ide the road and take the value n stock, which" would leave only 8114,000 in noney to be raised ; and that 100 men in Kerihaw, 100 meirin Lancaster, 30 men in .Union, md 20 men in Lower Mecklenburg, at 400 inoK ann fnorlili* noaomnlidk vsC*(i i vouuj avtuiiipiiou, * The next enquiry will be, independent of, ind in addition to, .the^general benefit t<> the :ountry by building this road, will it support tself and pay a fair dividend ? To sblve this question, it is necessary to tnow the present trade froin the country hrough which the road will run, to Camden, lo get at these facts,one of this Committee as personally applied to every merchant in Camden, and ascertained from their books the precise number of wagons which brought loadsto this place for trade?from 1st September 1849, to 31st August 1850| one year. From, this investigation, the following facts are derived. The country above Camden sent to that place in one year up to 31st August 1850, 20,700 bales of .cotton, (known now to have been a short crop) in 3,450 wagons at G-bales to wagon, and other produce generally in 1150 wagons, y.; v Taking these data, we make the following ;alculation: " INCOME. 20,700 bales cotton, at 12 bales instead of six, to load, jives 1725 cotton wagons. 125 cotton wagons, the whole way 65 miles" and return, at 3 cents per mile, is $2,827.50 1000 cotton wagons, half distance and return, at same, 1,980.00 LI 50 wagons, general produce, 65 miles and return at 3 cents, m "4J485.00 Increase to be expected, 250 wagons 65 miles and return, , 975.00 3tago, . 200.00 Pleasure carriages 100, average $3, 300.00 SVood wagons from Camden 1000 at 25cts, 350.00 $11,017.50 ANNUAL EXPENSES. President, $1,000 rreasurer, , 500 fhree Gate keepers at $150, 450 merest at b per cent, on cost 000, 1,440 9,300 'or repairs and accumulation $1,627.50. In the foregoing calculation, there are. neccs arily, some items open to conjecture; and as he truth may be below what it is estimated it, so it may be above the estimate, to: wit: rhe increase of wagons on the road is put lown at 250?we believe that it Will be very nuch larger, and of course thereby increase he income. The wood wagons to Gatnden are put down 1 1000; there is every reason to believe that hey will be nearer three thousand. If to this be added, the probability, derived rorn the experience of other companies, that fourorse-wagons will he discontinued in use, after rial on the road, and two horse wagons substiuted, then a very much larger income would >c derived by the Company. On the other hand we ought probably to add >ne thousand dollars, contingencies, inputting he road into operation. We submit this calculation as one made up nth entire candor, and believe that it may be elied on. The Committee submit that there is nothing i this calculation to deter any one from gong into the Company; but, on the contrary.' nuch to cheer and encourage us in the belief hat the cnterprize i? practicable?within the asy means of the country to accomplish, without embarrassment?that it will pay a reasonible profit?aud that it will be of immense ad milage to the country. It is believed that the citizens of Camden are ully sensible of the advantages of this road to he Town. It is apparent that the causes which vould induce Camden to contribute to build his road, are different from those which would rnpel persons who send their products tosthat narket. Camden desires to trade with bor neighbors ind friends, who have marketable products. 3ut those friends have other markets at which hoy can sell, than Camden; then that Town nust afford faeitities to that trade, or it will eave the town and go else vhere. In plain terms, look at your position. Conmbia has stretched forth her grasping hand o Charlotte, to snatch-from Camden that rade which benefits not her, but whose loss ujures Camden. This Railroad taps the sourses of the trade of Camden. Dry them up en;irely?withdraw the trade of one half of the jountry now trading to Camden from her markets, and what becomes of her commerce? Dwindled down and fled from her; and with t, necessarily, the population, and all the advantages which flow from that source. Without some cfTort made by Camden, the :rade from Union county, lower Mecklenburg, ind upper Lancaster, must go to Charlotte. We say must, because it is a well ascertained fact, that the facilities of the Rail Road will jraw all trade to it within twenty miles, unless prevented by conteracting causes. A large part of middle Lancaster, the River and Waxhaw, by crossing the Catawba river, can reach the Rail Road to Charlotte by as short a route js the road to Camden?no doubt this trade will go where it is the interest of the people to carry it. It is plainly then to, the advantage of Camden to make it the intercstof this trade to seek her.markct?and that is to be done by giving it facilitieS?lhis plank road now pre _ sertfs tlii> only opportunity of affording these 1 facilities. * - - ^ But drive off* this trnJe by omitting these helps, and hrtw does your Town stand? Deprived ofone half its trade ? Every merchant, every owner ofrcal Estate, every mechanic in Camden, can answer for himself/whether the destruction of one half the trade of the Town will injure his business or-his propeity. We should insult their understand!ng!*>by arguing so plain a proposition. *' - .w..;The incidental advantages to Camden would also be great. Many articles would come to that market, which now cannot be brought, be cause of the distance and time necessary- for transportation. Can it be-doubted that a large trade in the leaser products of the soil, and poultry, egg3 arid so lurth, would be advantageous to the town ? would be profitable, both to the producer and-the market which-exchanges for them ? -lire day has gone by to doubt that proposition. ?-?> It is known to the citizens of Camden,"that fire wood is getting scarce- near the Town? that even now pine is resorted to for want."of other wood. On the plank road, a team hauling a double load in a shorter time tharf on the ordinary road, would induce fire wood to be brought to market from -a much - farther distance, than can n,ow be done?no doubt that it would be hauled Irom 10 to-. 12 miles distance on that road. The reduction in the price of wood would be felt and acknowledged by every housekeeper in Camden. -. . . * But it is objected, from a very sensible source,, " that every facility put into the hands of an up country merchant strengthens him as a competitor, and when goods can be bought at a man's own door, who Ijves. between Lancaster and Charlotte, as cheap as they can be hmmlit.in-Cmndmi. will, fundi a man huv in Camden, the more especially as he would boyfor cash in Camden, but on credit of one year at home." This argument wears the appearance of strength and truth, and therefore, '-it-is \vorth while to examine it. . - J- ~ vV It is-not correct to say that the up country merchants can sell as cheaply as is done in Camden?because that merchant must pay additional expenses in getting his stoek^tp his store bouse : but even-if the.fact was. so, that the goods can be bought as cheap up the fcoun- ^ try as in Camden, the man who brings4iis cotton to Camden would purchase there _ia preference. upon4he common feeling and principle that any. thing bought aiaa-y from, home is better than that which can be had at homealso, because it would save hijn a ride of some Oiilcs to go to the store?aIso;-because people will think, in spite^jpf facts, that-the merchant, at charges, 4.QO, much?-also> because of the common weakness ofhuman nature, to buy things abroad which one would not think of buying at home. As to the part of .the objection relating to the purchasing upon credit or cash, it is a matter of daily experience that any- .one who cari^ get credit-at. home in the up-country, cam get it in Camden. - ' >v The objection has" the show of reason, but certainly not the substance. But we conclude,-respecting (Jimden, with the proposition that the citizens of thai-Town are alive to their own interest, and, as intelligent men, will protect that interest. We would ask them to consider one other idea, to wit; if only one half the cotton goes- down your Railroad which now cpes^downj^tbeing withdrawn to the Charlotte Kail road,) ana only one half the goods and merchandize come up the Road which now do,. (being forwarded by the Road to.Charlotte) and much of travel by passengers being transferred to the Charlotte Road, will that Branch?pay a.-profit?. If not, will it be to the interest of the Snath.Carolina Railroad Company to continuea.Branch in operation which fails to-pay a. profit,upon 4he money invested in it, and thus becomes'^a burden upon their income from the other parts of the Road? ' . Upon.thfc whole subject, the Committee are of the opinion that this class of Roads is exactly adapted to the wants and habits iof our pen pie} and do no violence to whatthey have been accustomed to. Our.people-are used to carry their'own crops to market,^.nd prefer to do so ?they prefer to sell their*own. produce ar.d. buy-their oivn supplies, upon the common sense opinion, that they can do this better for themselves than any one can do it for them ; and^ being freed from the uncertainties of time and accident, these roads would be used more extensively than the ordinary roads?many \yould travel on them who would not travel the ordinary roads?they will promote, travel and - .1 intercourse. We understand that* the ^ Fayetteville and Western road has even exceeded the expectations of its friends in North Carolina since the Report of the President in April last, and gives the promise of great usefulness to the country, and fair profits, with universal satisfaction. JNO. M. DESAUSSURE, C. J. SHANNON, JAMES J. WILLIAMS, " THOMAS W. HUEY, Committee. The IIeai. ofthe Vice Phesidnt?From passengers per the Black Warrior, who left Ma* tanzas a few days since, we learn that the situation of Mr. King was considered as almost hopeless; he was failing very fast and unless a speedy improvement was manifested, he must sink under his disease. Still it is his intention (if his life should be prolonged) to return home and proposed leaving Matanzas for Mobile on the 6th inst., in the U. S. steamer Fulton, Lieut Murray Commanding. Alterations were being made in the accommodations of that steamer which add much to his comfort On the 25th ult. the oath of office was administrated to him by Judge Sharkey* U. S. Consul at Havana, in presence of a number of friends and relatives ?he was so extremely weak at the the time of the ceremony as to be. incapable of standing without support.? . - .: Policy ok.Santa Anna.?In a conversation at Carthagena," immediately before his recall, Santa Anna expressed considerable solicitude as to the. future relations between Mexico and the United States. At the time dopatches were placed ib his hands announcing his recall, these exciting topics were resumed. The GeDeral grew warm, and expressed himself in his usual dear and decided maimer. He spoke of the ingratitude of the Mexican people towards himself and dwelt long upon the position of the United States especially in reference tojthe Tcbaun. tepco route, in which matter the interlocutor thought Mexico must yield. At the close of the conversation Santa Anna expressed himself thus pointedly : "Return in the next packet, and in giving an