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$1 a Month, in Advance. ''Let our just Censure attend the tmo Even*."-Shaksprare. Single Copies Five Cents By J. A. SELBY. . COLtJMBIA, S. C., FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 19, 1865. VOL. l.-NO. 43. THE COLUMBIA PHONIX, runusuK? DAILY, IIXCEPT S UM'AY, BY JULIAN A. SELBY. TERMS-IN AD VANCE. SUBSCRIPTION. Six months, - - . $5 Ono month, ... - I ADVERTISING. One square, (ten lines,) one time, 50 cts Subsequent insertions. - 35 cts Special notices ten cents per line. We Watched Her Breathing. BY HOOP. We .watched her breathing thro'the night, Her breathing soft and low, As on her breast i lie wave o( life Kept heaving to and fro. So silently we seemed to speak, So slowly move about, As we had lent her half our powers To eke her being out. Our very hopes belied our fears. Our fears our hopes belied. We thought her dying when she slept, And sleeping when she died. For when the morn came, dim and sad, And chill with early Showers, Her quiet eyelid closed-she had Another morn than ours. Biographical Sketch of President Abraham Lincoln. BY HORACE OR KELBY. Abraham Lincoln, born in Hardin County, Kentucky, February l2tii, 1809, of poor parent?, who migrated to Spencer County, Indiana, in IS 15, lost his mother there in I S1 9, mane a trip to New Orleans as a hand, at $10 a month, on a flat-boat, when 19 years of ?ge. and, when just of age, accom? panied his father in his second removal to a quarter-section of wild laud, near the .present village of Decatur, in central Illinois, where his father and mep-mother have since died. Volun? teering for the Black Hawk War in 1S32, he was chosen captain by his company, and the next year was a candidate for the more popular branch td* the Siaie Legislature, but defeated. The next year he was again a candi? date, and chosen, thence repeatedly re? elected. Meantime, he had studied law and been admitted to the bar, taking up Iiis residence at Springfield, the capitol of bis county and of the State. In 184G, he was made the candidate of his part)* lor Representa? tive in (Jongress, and was returned by the largest majority ever given by the district to any candidate. He was not a candidate for re election, but was re? peatedly a State Elector of Prtsident, being placed at. the head of his ticket in order to give his party the benefit of bis services as a canvasser or public debater from county to county. He Gas thrice supported by his political associates for U.S. Senator, but never elected. In 1849, bis party (Whig) was decidedly a minority; in ?S54-5, there was a small Republican majority, but made up in part of Democrats who had just separated from their partv on the Nebraska issue, and who hesitated to vote for One whom they had hitherto opposed as a Whig. Mr. Lincoln, after receiving most of the Republican vote on several ballots, wherebv no choice was effected, in? sisted on the withdrawal of his came and a concentration ol the entire vote of his friends on Judge Lyman Trum? bull, anti Nebraska Democrat, who was thus elected to the seat he con tir,ues so ably and worthily to fill. In LS56, Mr. Lincoln's name was present? ed by Illinois to the Republican Na? tional Convention at Philadelphia for the Vice Presidency; but, though he received 110 votes, a majority pre? ferred Judge Dayton, of New Jersey, because ol his location. In 1858. Mr. Lincoln was made tho Republican candidate for United States Senator in opposition lo Stephen A. Douglas, with whom he thoroughly and admi? rably canvassed the State-Mr. Doug? las securing the election, while Mr. Lincoln had the larger popular vote. And, in 18G0, Abraham Lincoln was aoaiinated for PreVidea!: of tb^Uo'ted States by tbe Republican National Convention at Chicago, having the second highest vote on the first ballot, after which all the anti-Seward vote rapidly concentrated on bim, puttirg him far ahead on th? third ballot. lie was chosen, after an animated canvass, in November ensuing, receiving the electoral vole of every Free'State, save a part of that of New Jersey; giving him 180 in all to 123 for all others-to wit : Breckinridge, 72 : Bell, 39 ; Douglas, 12. Throughout most of tbe Slave States those who wished to vote for bim could only have done so at the peril of their lives, even had their votes been received at. all The fact that be received (like his im? mediate predecessor) a plurality only, not an absolute majority of the popu Jar vote, does not prove that he was, even then, a minority candidate; while his re election last November, alter four years of bloody, most desolating, bur? densome, and undecisive civil war, by a popular vole of 2,203,831 to 1,797, 019 for his only competitor, and by the full electoral vote ot all but three of the loyal States, is perhaps the most signal and emphatic verdict of approval ever accorded to any of-our presidents since Washington. The overwhelming triumphs of thc Nation? al anns, which have since followed fast on that grand assert ion of the Union's right to exi>t, had all but reached their natural culmination in the fall of the last rebel Hag when the pistol-shot of an assassin suddenly ended the mortal career of our beloved and honored chief, iti the 57th year of his age. And no death was ever so widely or so deeply mourned as his. I. Abraham Lincoln had no vantage ground in sta; ting on the race of lile. His parents were quite .poor-far poorer than the average of our small farmers and mechanics to-day. There was probably no year of his minority wherein his father was worth ?500 in all. Abraham lived nearly all his mi? nority in ono rude log house after another, working early and late with hoe or axe in field oriorcst-like other diligent sons of industrious poor pio? neers and cultivators. Very few lads who will read this have sucli meager advantages of birth arid fortune as be had. II. He enjoyed, throughout his boy hood, the fewest possible facilities (or education. Living always in a rude new country, on the outskirts ot civili? zation, and repeatedly advancing there? with, he spent but lew months in schools, and these were of the poorest and rudest. Altogether, bis schooling was probably not equivalent to six ninths in one of the best district schools of our day. But he was al? ways a careful and diligent improver of the hours not required for work or sleep, studying by the patentai fire? side, borrowing every book within teach, and malting the best possible use of his opportunities; so that, at twenty-one, he was not merely a fair English scholar, but had mastered the art of a land-surveyor ns well. And the education be thus 'picked up' by tbe wayside, as it were, by making the most of the odds and ends of his time, served him admirably throughout thc memorable later years of his hie. IIL He was never swerved from bi: convictions of principle and nuty While yet a lad, bc was led by read ing and reflection to adopt the princi? ples distinctively held by the Whig party, then a decided minority in tin country-hopelessly so in his ovvt State. He was aspiring, and musl have known that he might be populai if he would, (ien. Jackson was then the popular idol, and all hope of po litical advancement seemed confined t( the upholders of his sway. But Mr Lincoln not only adhered, througl thirty years cf mainly adverse fortune to the Whig standard, but, wheo ol fered a large and lucrative job of sur veying public lands in his section which would have given him tb means whereof be was sorely in Deed declined it, simply because he chose not to incur personal obligations to the rule which lie sincerely deprecated, and was laboring in his humble sphere to overthrow. IV. Abraham Lincoln enjoyed no striking natural advantages of person or intellect, lie was neither beatitilnl in feature, no' graceful in manner; he was not even eloquent, lie was an admirable debater, mainly because he took care to thoroughly master aud comprehend any subject before he at? tempted to discuss it; and his speeches were transparently honest and candid. No bearer failed to realize that he fully believed what, he uttered, and had uti doubting faith in the views he main? tained and commended. His argu? ments were cogent, his illustrations lucid, his speeches effective, because thev had their root in a profound, in? telligent conviction. Others elicited more frequent and louder huzza* who won far fewer votes. V. Unyielding tenacity "of purpose and resolution was a marked charac? teristic, of cur lost chief. Ile was, slow in reaching convictions which had long before flashed upon others; but or?p^nt^iined, he inflexibly ad? hered ro "liiem. Defeat anti disaster might for a time depress his spirits, but could not shako his determination. Never wrathful or passionate, seldom palpably exultant, he confronted ca? lamity and discomfiture as one who ?:es through ami beyond them. His rrprs and those of his subordinates he calmly regarded as beacons to guard against their repetition. Thus self poised, yet. void ot conceit or presump? tion, he stem! i ly learned, a::d grew, and was manifestly a far wiser, graver, mote c:ipnh'*-, competent Executive in the last than m the first months of his Presidency. Public Meeting. At the request of a number cf gentle? men, I would invite the citizens of Colum? bia mid of Richland District lo meet at the City Hall, (or Odd Fellows' School House,) nt ll o'clock, THIS DAY, (Wednesday,) to take into consideration cur political condition. J. G. GIBBES, June 14 MavoroL Columbia. DR. M- M- SAMS OFFERS his PROFESSIONAL SER? VICIAS to the inhabitants of Colum? bia. Will be found at building formerly occupied by Prof. Patrick, on Arsenal square. June 14 2 MEDICAL CARD. DR. S. LOGAN offers his professional services to the residents of Columbia and its vicinity. He may be found nt Dr. J. J. Chisolm's new house, on Arsenal Hill. June 12 I' Notice ALL persons who were kind enough to take charge of my PLANTS, will please return them this week. Cuttings will be given to all who require them. June 12 :t D. P. KELLEY. GROCERIES, DRY HOODS, ML, i? KENNETH- & GIBSON, At Robert Bryce's Old Stand, ACHOICE ASSORTMENT of. Goods, consisting in part of: 1.200 lb*, choice BACON 7 bids. FLOUR. 100 box. s No. 1 HERRINGS. 5 English Hairy CHITESE. 5 bbis. BUTTER CH ACKERS. * 5 boxes FAMILY SOAP. 5 " CORNSTARCH. t> doz. BROOMS. SOO vards pure MADDER TR TN"TS. 500 " " Cheeked English ALPACA, loo ?. " CAMBRIC, rino " superior LONGCLOTH. At.?o. COLOGNE, JELLIES. BLACKING. Windsor Soap, Hair anil Tooth Brushes. Dressing and Fine Tooth Combs. Sweet Oil, Gent's Paper Collars. Sugars, Locks, Smoking Pipes. And various other articles too numerous to mention, June 12 Passengers or Freight 5^jff? WILL be carried to Au csljga??j?g^gUBl Orangeburg or New? berry-, al reasonable rate?. Apply corner Senate and Assembly streets. June 12 S*_J. G. GRAHAM/ City Taxes. IWILL attend daily, from 9 a. m. to 12 nr.;at the Council ?toom. (formerly Odd Fellows' Sohool-room,) for the purpose of collecting CITY TAXES. In view of the urgent necessities of the City Council, it is hoped that all tax-payers will be prompt. A. G. BASKIN. June 8 Cite Clerk. JA11ES P. M. STETSON & CO., 252 KING ST., IN THE BEND, Charleston, 3. O., CALL the attention of dealers visiting Charleslou to their large assorted stock of GROCERIES, WINES, ALES, SEGA RS, CHI:WING TOBACCO, SMOKING TORACCO. CROCKERY, TINWARE. YAN KEF. NOTIONS. Ac. ?tc. They are also receiving, per each steam er from Nw York, fresh supplies of BUT? TER, CHEESE. LARD, FLOUR. Ac, Ac, winch tiny oder at the LOWEST MAR KET PRICE for cash. June 7 0* For Sale. DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, &C. I" IGHT and DARK MIXED MELTON .J CLOTH. 1 case FELT HATS. 1 " Ladies' BONNET FRAMES French. 1 case COLORED MUSLINS. 1 " JACONET CAMBRIC-colored. 1 ?. CALICOES. Silk and Alpaca UMBRELLAS and PARASOLS. 1 case Tnble Cutlery and PocketKnives. Orangeville Shining, Twilled Jeans. Spool Cotton, Flax Thread. Pins and Needles, Pearl Starch. Boaes Windsor and Castile Soap. 2 barrels Crushed Sugar. 2 " Brown " Brooms, Irish Potatoes, Mackerel. Herrings, Raisins. Cheese. Mustard and Spices, tine Cologne. Rio and St. Domingo Coffee. Black Pepper, Yeast Powders. Very extra Hyson Tea. Sperm. Adamantine and Tallow Candles. | Piekles, Sardines, Catsups. Cotton Cards and Yarn. Sm?>king and Chewing Tobacco. Men's, Women's and Children's Shoes Sole Leather, and a variety of other urticles, wbieh are offered for sale at the LOWEST PRICES. All kinds of PROVISIONS taken in ex I change. J. G. GIBBES. Store in rear of the old P>>st Office, June 8 6 Plain street. | --, Headq'rs Provisional Brigade, j COLUMBIA. S. C., JUXE 9, 1865. GENERAL ORDER NO. 12. r|MlK attention of this command is called JL to existing orders against marauding : ind foraging. Officers and men are far ' her ordered to avoid all unnecessary dij- ; mssion on public matters with those who, liter these years of blood and suffering, still do not acquiesce in the result of bat? tle and in.the policy of thc General Go lernment. Courtesy to all is the part of I i soldier. Information will be given when- i :ver desired. Sympathy for those in sor- | ow and affliction is felt by no one quicker | .han by the soldier; but no soldier can orget what he lins fought for, and what ; lis brothers have ?lied to support-the I Union, Constitution and laws aud free Government-now, ns the result of the | ivar, accorded to ali classes; nor can ho I orget the dignity of h's Government and ! lis own dignity as its representative, in j leafing with those who now either secretly ? >r openly scuff at. those sacred principles, j Contracts between masters ami servants { ?viii set forth in word? the freedom i>f the j atter, and will Oe witnessed by a United ! Hales officer and by a civilian. It is for i he interest of the people that these rcla- j .ions be amicably adjusted without, dela}'. ' Jase* of difficulty will be examined and .ried by military authorities. No privileges or ad vantages whatsoever viii be granted those who ?lo not declare I .heir allegiance to the United States Go- j ?rernrnent, acting in good faith according j .o that declaration. This order will bc published to the en? tire command. j By order of A. S. HARTWELL. Brevet Brig. Gen. Official: GEO. F. MCKAY, 1st Lieut, and A A. A. G. june ?> IIIIMMIII in i iiiii tm >; iiimiwiiinii? Headq'rs "United States Forces, CITY OF COLUMBIA. 8. C.. MAY 27. 1865. G ENERA L ORDERS NO 4. IN order to prevent any disturbance -which may arise from the improper use of in? toxicating liquors, it is hereby ordered that, for the present, no intoxicating li? quors will be sold or given away to *iny citizen or soldier, unless permission :3 granted from these headquarter?. Any one found guilty of disobeying thi-3 order, will not only have bin good* confiscated, but will he subject lo punishment by mili? tary law. By command of Lieut. Col. N. HAUGHTON, Commanding Post. W. J. KYLE. Lieut. 25th 0. V. V. 1. nsd Post Adjutant. _may 2'J Headq'rs United States Forces, CITY OF COLUMBIA. S. C., MAY -.:7. 1865. GENERAL ORDERS NO. ?S. ALL citizens having it: their-posser'ion any property lhat rightfully belongs to the United States Government, accord? ing to the te;ms of surrender of Gen. Jos. E. Johnston, C. S. A.. to Gen. W. T. Sher man, U.S. A., will immediately report the same to these headquarters. Persons having mules, horses and wa? gons, will, for tho present, he permitted to retain the same for the purpose of carry? ing on their work. Any person failing to comply with this order within a reasona? ble time, will not only lie deprived of any farther use of sa i il property, hut .will also subject themselves to punishment bj- mili? tary authority. Bv command of N. HAUGHTON. Lieut. Col. 25th O. V. V.. Com'dg City of Columbia, S. C. "VT. J. KYLE, Lieut. 25th C. V. V. I. and Post Adjutant. may ii9 Headq'rs United States Forces, CITY OF COLUMBIA. S. C.. MAY 27. 18G5. GENERAL ORDERS NO. 2. INFORMATION having been received at these headquarters of the existence of armed hands of marauders infesting tho r.ountry end committing depreda1 ions on the property of peaceful ci'?zens, it is lierebv ordered tiint all persons composing such will be considered and treated as uti tl a ws, nr.d if caught, will receive the severest punishment ot military law. The United States Government is desir 3us of protecting all peaceful und law ibiding citizen?, ?nd they will confer a favor on these headquarters, and do j us (iee Lo themselves, by giving any information they may have in their possession respect ug the names and movements of such Sands, and, if possible, aiding in their :aptu re. The time ha3 arrived win n it behooves ?very citizen to do ail in Iiis power to issist the military force-? of the United states to restore peace and h.irmony ;hroughout the land. By order of Lieut. Col. N. HAUGHTON. >5th O. V. V. I , Comos U. S. Forces, City of Columbia. W. J. KYLE, 2d Lieut. 25th O. V. V. I ind Post Adjutant. may 29 Headquarters, Northern District, DEPARTMENT OF THF, SOUTH, CHARLESTON-. S. C., April 25, 18?5. Circular to Planters, eic. N^UMEROUS applications have been made to m<3 for information as to the lolioy to be ado].ted on the subject of nbor. All can understand the importance of laking a crop the present season, and jresee the misery and sutfe; ing consequent poa its failure. In the present unsettled state of the ouutry, and in the absence of any recogn? ized State authorities. I find it my duty j assume control of the plantations near lie military lines, anti order a- follows: 1st. The planters, after talcing the oath f allegiance, will assemble the freedmen lately their slav*, j and inform them that icy are free, and that henceforth they lust depend upon their own exertions for leir sufport. * 2d. Equitable contracts in writing will e made by the owners of the hind with ie freedmen for the cultivation of the ind during the present year. Payment will be made in kind, and tho llowance of one half the -top i> recom tended as fair corn: ensation for the labor. ie landlord furnishing subsistence ULtil >e crop is gathered. These contracts will be sub:r;i'.;ed fo the ernest military ur naval commander for pproval ami endorsement. When the above requirements are com? bed with, protection wilt be grunted as ir ii s military necessity will r.l ow; but diere no contract i s rr?ie, the crop raised ?iii be considered forfeited for the use of ie laborer*. ?ii>>uid the owners refuse to nltivate it, they will be considered as en eavonng to eruWanttss thc Government, rid :!ie land Will be used ?or eolonier? of u? freedmen from the inter ir. JOH> Y HATCH. June 1 Br'g. <ren Commanding.