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Monday Morning, June 5, 1865. Instincts of Men. One of the great but secret causes of human failure and perversion, is the re luctance of men to recoguize their in ntincls. Tiie pride of iutellect is not wil? ling to refer to any other authority than reason, and we begin the woik of self sophistication on the very threshold of existence. Of the simplest objects we contrive to fashion mysteries-ol the sim? plest ar ts, sciences-and the very things of which nature would seem lo lequire of ur, the immediate persona! petfvrtnan.ee, ve strangely enough defer to u. foreign authority. What more completely our own providence than our own feelings and health, our own riglt's and interests, our own spiritual nature and red ion? Yet all tin.??: concerns, winch eau be al!ended to by uobody half so properly as by our? selves, we studiously put out of our own control. Hence, our lawyer can give us tin- most complicated and adtnirable'syslem of lnws, but not justice; our doctor, the most, various'y compounded medicines, but no cure; our priest, evt-.ry variety of doc? trine, but no religion-certainly no safely But, even the farmer, sophisticating like the rest, in his omb'liou to make a science of his art. too frequently fails in making a crop. Yet, it is v.-ry certain that no? thing in the world is so easy of attainment, as food, health, justice and religion, if we will only, with common honesty and dili genee, take tin matler into our own hands. The tilinga most e.-sentir.l to al!, not. only to the health and happiness, but to the absolute safety of man, were never in? tended by thc Deity to be withdrawn fioi" Iiis own immediate contri)!; and man w,. never know satety in any of bis interesta until ho resumes all the privileges he lus blindly parted with, it seems to lie clear that among his peisonal dillies ure Lacs*: Ile must carn his own bread-?earn his own bodily condition-whai is its tn?-at and what is its poison-farm his own lands, and carry od his own intercourse with Heaven, to the employir.enr. of as few intermedi?te ?<??.?.. ?..- pocstMe. Indivi? duality, and hence individual responsi? bility, i'i thc grand features which distin? guishes man front every oilier animal. The Criminal. Pliny, in one of his celebrated letters, says that though there may be some use in setting the mark upon the criminal t?v v.'uy c'f example, there will be more in sparing ! im for the sake of humanity. Il is ii ot unfiequentiy the case that justice guie; at the ?-xpetise of Ii ninan itv. lt does not unfrequcntly happen that the laws, in tin- operation of penalties, make great ont of small er.minais, hy [.utting theotreiidei so entirely without the pale of civilization and society as lo render it impossible that he should ever again be able to enter within it. Tiie great difficulty in the way of criminal justice is so to proportion thc punishment to the offence as io make tilt surj.'ct of its operations himself admit itt propriety. By overstepping this limit, jusnte becomes harsh and unnatural, and compels the criminal, not uncommonly, into acts, proportioned in their extent tc the penalty iie has beeu complied already to abide. Schiller has an admirable story, the German title of which is, ' The Crimi ?ia!, because of the Operation of the Laws,' thal is to say, one who, though in the ri rsl instance nn offender,'has been made, sub scquently. a criminal by the very laws which have been enacted as a preventive of his crime. In imitation of the Draco like system of Great Britain, our crimina lars not uttfrequently denounce the pe nally of Cain upon the offence of Jacob and tho brand, which should be applied foi the taking of' a brother's blood, is als' oftentimes the punishment for partaking of a brother's pottage. GREENBACKS.-It may not be generally known that, by Act of Congress, Unitec States Treasury Notes-generally termei "greenbacks"-are legal lender for all due except import and export 'loties rind tin interest on the public debt. Goid am . liver can on!v b<: rated as arricies of iner ehandize. 'I.ns should be understood oj one and all. LOOK OUT FOP. COUNTEBFEITS -Two bill of ihe denomination of fifty cents ereen h?ickl h.'.vc been shown lo trie Cv'iii?i The gentleman having them in possessen states that while in .New York recently there were seveial of these tijmrious nole is circ-lii'.icn TriE NEGRO AMUSE* HIMSELF.-To the observing person who trends the streets of the city, one thing is evident, that if the negroes are not idle, they are busily en ga?ed in doing nothing. The circus wagon, containing the music of the exhi tion, r.s it parades the different thorough? fares every day, carries with it a wake, of woolly heads and eboshins, iii quantity enough t?> work a thousand acres of corn or tobacco. At every corner a lahlc is displayed covered with everv species of condiments to suit every palate, and the ; attendants at each booth or stall will ave? rage nearly ft dozen throughout the city, j As the day passes on toward the cool hours I of evening, it becomes a task to perambu? late Broad sti-pet, on account of the great crowd of female Africans, out tor an air? ing. When the night comes on and the lights of the excusare trimmed and made ready, half the pavilion is dark and dusky and fragrant. If the negroes of Richmond can live, like th- chameleon, upon air, we i certainly can urge no reasonable objec j l'on, If they choose to loaf and io idle ? away their time, again we sa}- wc have not the slightest word to say-that is, i urti! the civil Government inaugurate a j poor ho-Jse and tax our pocket for thesup I port of the same. The negroes are free, i and they have the right to say on what | ? ternw they will labor, and to refuse the j labor i!" the compensation is not sufficient, j j A number now supported upon Govern I m?nt rations may like their present mode j ->f life and glory in if; but what is to bc th.-? future of the African, when the bene- I ' volenne of the authorities is suspended, is j a puzzling question to a great number of j thinking minds. Thev manage to live now by some means, but as a general thing the past six weeks, and probably the coming fortnight or so, has been a great ! holiday-a sort of elongated Christmas or j expanded Whitsuntide. Labor will be too cheap for idle or lazv person?; they will not. be able to live if the support of the Government be withdrawn. Even now we know of eases where excellent cooks ami house servants are giving their ser? vices for their food alone. What will bc the lute of those idle wretches who prome? nade the streets or run after circus wagons a few weeks bene?.? With the lessons that | are heine; taught at the African Church, b>t a few t imely lectures be given upon the necessity cf steady, hard labor, lo procure meat and bread, arid it will prove of as mac!" benefit as instruction in spell? ing bu"ks a; ' ti - readers. [ ??ir'. ./(,. ?' CODI inc rend Bulletin. BANKING FACILITIES.-Our highly es? teemed fellow citizeti, .lames S. Gibbes, Esq.. President pro lem. of the People's j ]<:::.!:, h::~. been ??< unfed permission by Gen. H itch to remov?? the effects of the j People's Bank, where it now is, to tibs . city. It is contemplated, we learn, to re? establish it as a National Bank ns soon . all the arrangement-* can be completed. The various other hanking institutions, it i is hon. d. '.viii follow this good example. ! Caph a? what is now wanted to give con? fidence cud revive business. Our citizens, business men particularly, owe a debt of gratitude to Mr. P. hu Kegler, the .worthy, I enterprising and courteous gent leroi n who | opened the first hanking house after the occupation of the city by the United States forces. Mr. Kegler's house at the I corner of King and Beauf.wn streets is ! now. wo are happy to say, an established | institution, and has met with the success it j so well merited.- Charl'"tm, Courier, ls!, i Gov. AIKEN.-Gov. Aiken was in New Y'-rk on the 2 1th ult., and would take iris i depart ure from that city for Charleston on ! thc sit amer Granada. We learn that he expressed himself well pleased with the treat meut he received at thc hands of President Johnson, who has permitted him ? to return home on parole. It is reported i ;hat his visit to Washington and interview | with the President will result beneficially | to Charleston and the State. [ ? 'harleston Courier. A NEW SIGHT -'Now A-DAYS."-A fine bel 1 of irenuine Western beeves of an almost elephantic size were driven past the Courier office yesterday afternoon from Ilii'on Head, on their way to the slaughter pens. It has been five long years since such cai tie have been seen in old Charles ton-Ch ar lt stton Cu ti ric r. UNION MEETING IN SUMMERVILLE, S. C. A I nion meeting of the citizens of Sum? merville and the surrounding country was called by the intendant ol' the 'own to take place on Wednesday. The (total police force of London last year was 7,4-90, and its expense two mil? lions eicht, hundred thousand dollars. There were29 superintendents, 211 inspec? tors, 725 sergeants and 6,172 constables. The Shenandoah was reported lo be at Hong Kong at latest advices, and some alarm was felt that she might capture Am?-rican vessels at sea. Queen Victoria basa bl ooah which once belonged to Robert Bruce, ot Scotland. Eockaway or Double Buggy. \\j A '"ED io hire, a Double Buggy or ? ? lay., '?arviage and pair of Horses, to co to ' hit- )ak, on the Charlotte Uaib loaj. For furtliei particulars apply at this effice. june Removal. rjpHE undersigned heps to inform his JL friends and customers that ha has RE? MOVED hit. Boot and Shoe Making Estab? lishment to the house on the. South S'do o Camden street, tbi eo doors from Assembly jone ? 3 G KO KG E SMITH. Local Items. The offi>e of the Columbia Phoenix is on Gates street, second door from Piain. We are indebted to Dr. P. M. Cohen, Mr. C. A. Bedell and a lady friend for late co? pies of the Charleston Courier. Our readers, will observe, b}- referring to Dr. Melvin M. Cohen's advertisement, that he has just opened a fresh stock of useful articles. Ile claims that in quality and price his goods will rank with the best in the market. OUR CITY-ITS PROSPECTS.-We aie pleased to see that some of our merchants ! are commencing operations agnin, and that hen? and thero buildings-of course, on a small scale-are being put up. We have no duubt that by tho time the rail? roads through the up country are com? pleted, quite a respectable amount of busi? ness will be done here. Prominent IS'ew York merchants have signified their wil? lingness to accommodate their old custom? ers; so that the scarcity of money need deter none from "entering the lists." We wish on?: and all success. SOMETHING GOOD TO EAT-WHERE TO FIND IT.-Mr. H. Solomon, as will bc seen by reference io our advertising columns, has just arrived from Charleston, with a large ami varied stock of choice articles -thc mere mention of which makes one's mouth water. Just to think of Scotch ale, Havana segars, English cheese, crackers, sardines, almonds, etc., etc. Whan wc say these tilings are r/ooi/, we speak the uni? versal sentiment of "'all hand.-*" connected with the Phamix office, ?nd at the same time return to .Mr. S. their sincere thanks for the abundant supply of articles fur? nished them. ?3P"Any person desirous of obtaining small or valuable articles from New York, can have an opportunity of doing so, by applying at this oflice previous to Thurs? day next. Commission ?? per cent, on the cost of the articles. The goods to be de? livered in this city. ??^"PERSONAL.-All suhscribers to the Phatuix whose subscriptions have ex? pired, will pieuse come forward and renew, in specie or previsions; "otherwise their papers will bc stopped. 5?3f Yv'e wish it distinctly understood that oar terms aro cash. Iso advertise? ments wiil, thf.-efore, be inserted unless paiii for in ad vance. We present t.:-i following schedule of rates, in thu ca-o of tho most obvious com? modities. For ono month's subscription to tin- Phienix, w-e will receive either of tin1 following, viz: 1 bushel corn. 1 j-hush, peas or potatoes 5 pounds hm ter. '?~< His. Hour. 7 lard. <3 l!>s. canilles. 7 " bacon. \) qts. rice. 8 dozen eggs. -1 head of chi.-kens. Wood, vegetables and provisions gene? rally receive?! nt fair market rates ap? proaching the specie standards. Brass and Copper Wanted f|"MIE undersigned will pay the highest L. prices-i'? goods or money-for old brass and copper. June 5 fi HARDY SOLOMON. Medica! Card. DR. A. N. TALLEY may be fourni, by such ns desire his professional aid, at the residence of the Rev. N, Talley, corner of Gervais and Pickens streets. june 5 3* For Orangeburg C fTtw^ TWO PERSONS can obtain j-Vfc.^-<-9PASSAGE to Orangeburg, in a light spring wagon, Ly applying at the Telegraph Office. " .lune f> Wanted to Purchase, A GOOD HORSE, that, will work ?D J. V. deutle harness; one light Two horse Spring Wagon, and one Traveling Trunk, all in good order. Address JOS* MARSH, at this ellice, stating price and where arti .lesean he seen. june 5 1* Bakery and Confectionary. LSHODAIlt and W. STIEGLIT2 . have re opened their BAKERY, CONFECTIONARY aiuU.'RAOKKR MA NUFACTORY. Also, on hand a thu assortment of CHEWING and SMOKING TOBACCO, SCOTCH and MACCABOY SNUFF, CIGARS. PIPES, cte, at Messrs Cooper ct Gaither's old stand. .lune ? mtliG Caution. A LL personsjjwhomsoever are hereby 1\- cautioned against trading for anj notes drawn in favor of the subscriber, a administrator of the estate of il rs. Iv Row land, late of Greenville District, as pa} ?neut has bej-n stopped, These notes wevi lost in Colutibia (jilling its occupation bi Sherman's army. A liberal reward will b" paid for their delivery to Col. C. II. Brye or the subiCfitJer. " WM. E. EARLE, jnee 6 4-2* From Charleston. DR P. MELVIN COHEN has returned from the city with a choice assort? ment of DRUGS. MEDICINES, COMBS, BRUSHES, ?fcc, <fce., and has made ar? rangements to receive regular weekly sup? plies of imported good?. Office BICKENS STREET. June 5 2* Head of Lady strict. DRIED APPLES, FLOUR, WM, LarcL, Rice, BUTTES, MELVIN M. COHEN, Assembly Street, West Side, one Loor from Pendleton Strtct, I}EGS leave to inform the public that y he has just received a FRESH AND HEAVY SUPPLY of the following arti? cles, to which he invites attention, viz: Choice Bacon-Hams, Sides aud Shoulders, Flour, Ric?-, Lard, Candles, Butter, Matches, Eggs Black Pepper, Smoked Beef, Co<>kiug Soda, Smoked Herrings, Blacking, Brown Sugar, Smoking Tobacco, Ciushed Sugar, Chewing Tobacco, Coffee, Si'gars, Superior Green Tea, Tooth Brushes, Superior Black Tea, Extract Logwood, Indigo, ?fcc, ?fcc. Together with a valuable assortment of DRUGS, CHEMICALS ANO Also, by late arrival. Low's Genuine Brown Windsor Soap, Cosm?tique, or Stick Pomade, &c. june 5_ GROCERIES! ! ! FROM Cliarleston. SS-T-^ A CHOICE and W ELL SELECT V' V ED STOCK Ol' GOODS, whi.-h I l^|??;am prepared to offer AT I? ETA IL tor a SM -M L ADVANCE, ami eau give a FAIR MARGIN to dealers in the city ?md country. My stock consists in part of: B?xcs SMOKED HERRINGS. M COLG ATE'S WASHING SOAP. TOILET SOAP. Bbls. BROWN* SUGAR. Chest YOUNG HYSON TEA. " BLACK TEA. Kits MACKEREL. Cases PICKLES, quarts and pints. Boxes CANDY, as-orted. Frails FRESH DATES. Box?.-* TURKEY FIGS. " RAISINS. " FUESti LEMONS, SUPT SHELL ALMONDS. " BUTTER CRACKERS. " OYSTER " GI Nt; ER CAKES. " LEMON " DAIRY CHEESE. " SAUDEN I.S. " CHOCOLATE. " CONDENSED MILK. Doz* NORTHERN BROOMSi Boxes Colgate's PEAKE STARCH". " BLACK INK. in stands. " YEAST POWDERS-Durkee's. " Brown's Es JAMAICA GING EU Cases SPARKLING SCOTCH ALE. Boxes HAVANA SEGAKS. " MASON'S BLACKING. Do/.s. SHOE BRUSH KS. Boxes FINE CHEWING TOBACCO. " . SMOKING T< >BACCO. " Fine Cut Chewing TOBACCO. SPERM CANDLES. BACON, BUTTER. LARD. FLOUR. MOLASSES. CARBONATE SODA. BLACK PEPPER. COFFEE, RICE. SALT. MANILLA ROPE, FINDERS. COTTON CARDS. MATCHES. GUM CAMPHOR, GUM OFIUM. CHLOROFORM. CALOMEL. POTASH and BLUE MASS. ALSO, A small stock of HARDWARE and ST ?TI ON ERY. Give me a edi. and judge for yourselves HARDY SOLOMON, In basement, of Mr. L. Levy s house, Coiner of Assembly and Plain streets. June f>__ JUST RECEIVED FROM CHARLESTON. Ci ll LESE. ' CODFISH. IRIS li POTATOES, SMOKED HERRINGS, MACKEREL, ricKI.ES. FAMILY SOAP, CANDLES, CAKES, ?vc, &?. And for sale CHEM', at residence for merly occupied by R. Davis. Henderson street, by A. S. TR UM BO. June 3 2 AUCTION RALES. Furniture, Crockery and Provisions. By Darbee & Watter. THIS DAY, June 5, at 10 o'clock, we will sell, nt our olBce, The following articles, viz: Bedstead's, Mattresses Lounges, Looking Glass. Cur? tains, Bed Clothes. Crockery, Engravings, Tubs, Buckets, Wheel-harrows, Chains, Coffee Bots, Carpets, Chairs, Bress, Coffee, Sugar, Black Pepper, Flour, Tea, Starch, Herrings, ?tc. ALSO, A fine Sewing Machine. N. B. Purchasers must call for thc arti? cles immediately after sale, as the parlies are leaving town. june 5 MISS^M. McELRONE respectfully in? forms the ladies of Columbia that she is prepared to execute ali orders in the MILLINERY line. Also, STRAW HATS dyed, mad? and pressed lo order. Resi? dence corner of Lumber and Marion streets. June 2 3* PAPER! PAPER! IT^OR sale, a small quantity *>f No. 1 ? WRITING PAPER. \Lo, some ex? cellent COPYING PAPER. Inquire at this office, may 30 Headq'rs United States forces, CITY CF COLUMBIA, S. c., MAY '27, 1605. GENERAL ORDERS NO. :J. ALL citizens having ?it their possession nny property that rightfully belongs to the L nited States Government, accord in C to e terms ol' surrender of Gen. Jos. E.wJohi.oCon, C. S. A.. to Gen. W. T. Sher? man, U.S. A., wiil immediately report the same to these headquarters. Persons having mules, horses nnd wa? gons, will, for the present, be permitted to retain thc same tor the purpose of carry? ing on their woik. Any pt-rso? tailing to comply with this order within a reasona? ble time, will not. only he deprived of any further usu of said property, but will also subject themselves to punishment by mili? tary authority. By command of N. HAUGHTON, Lieut. Col. 25th (.'. Y. V., ComV.tr. City of Columbia, S C. W. J. KYLE, Lieut. 25th O. Y. V. I. and Post Adjutant. may 29 Headquarters, Northern District, DEPARTMFNT OK TI IE SOUTH, CHARLESTON, S. C., Apiil 25, 1SC5. Circular to Pl-nitcrx, ctr. N'UMEROUS applications have be-n made tome for iufoi mat ion ;-.s to the policy to be adopted on the subject of labor. All can understand thc importance of making a crop the present season, arid foresee the misery and Siitfei mg consequent upon its (allure. In the present unsettled state of the country, and in the absence ot any r cog* niz-.-d State authorities. 1 find it my duty to assume control of the plantations near the military Ians, and order as follows: 1st. The planters, after taking the oath of allegiance, will assemble the freedmen (lately their slaves) and inform ihern that they are free-, an.\ that henceforth they must depend upon their own exertions lor th?-ir support. 2 1. Eo nit ?Me contracts in writing will be made by the owners of the land with the freedmen for the cultivation of the land during the present year. Payment will be marie in kind, and the allowance of one half th?: crop is recom? mended as fair compensation for the labor, the landlord furnishing subsistence uctit the crop is gathered. These contracts will he submitted to the nearest military or naval commander for nj proval and endorsement. When the above requirements are com? plied with, protection will be granted ns far as military necessity will allow; but where no contract is made, the crop raised will be considered forfeited 1er the use of the laborers. Should the owners refuse to culi i vate it, tb.ey will Le considered as en? deavoring to embarrass tin; Government, and the land will be used for colonies of the freedmen from the interior. JOHN P. HATCH, June 1 Brig, (?en Commanding. Headq'rs United States Forces, CITY OF COLUMBIA. S. C., MAY -_7. lbtl?. GENERAL ORDERS NO. 2. INFORMATION having been received at - these headquarters of the existence nf armed bands of .r ira nd. rs inlesting the country and committing depredations un the property of peaceful citizens, it is hereby ord. red that all person?composing such will be considered io,.', treated ns outlaws, and if caught, will iee ive the severest, punishment ot mditary law. The United Stales Government is desir? ous of protecting all peaceful and law abiding citizens, and they will eonf.-r ti favor on t hese headquarters, and do justice to themselves, by giviug any information they may have ?il tLeir possession respect? ing tile mimes and movements: ol such bonds, and, if possible, aiding in their capture. The time bas arrived when it behooves every citizen to do all io his power to assist, the military force? ot the Uniled States to restore* peace and harmony throughout the land. By ord. r of Lieut. Col. N. HAUGHTON, 25th O. V. Y. I , Com'd? I'. S. Forces, Cit}- of C- inindia. W. J. KYLP., 2d Lieut. 25th O. Y. Y. I. aud Past Adjutant. ouy "i'i