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CAPTURE, SACK and DESTRUCTION I .'OF THE XXX. . The morning of Saturday, the 18th of Feb? ruary, opened fctill with it? horrors and terrors, though somewhat diminished Jin their intensi? ty. A lady a?id to.? Yankee officer at her house, somewhere about 4 that morning: "In the name of God, sir, wben is this woik of hell to be ended?" He replied: "Yon will-hear the bugles at sunrise, when a gu - rd will enter the town .and withdraw the?e troops, lt will then ceas??, and not before v Sure enough, with the bugle'? sound and tho entrance of fresh bodies of troops, tin-re was an instantaneous arrest of iiicetidiariem. Yon Could see the rioters carried off in groups mid squads, from the several pre c??ete ' hey tad ravaged, and thors which they still meditated to de6troy. The tap of thc drum,- t he sound of the signal ce.mon, could not have been more decisive in its effect, more prompt and complete. Ko farther fires were aet, among,private dwellings, efter sunrise; and tile flames only- wer*, up from a few e?lact-?. wh? re ihe fire had been last applied; ana thfer were' rapidly expiring. * The best nod most beautiful portion of Columbia Ly in ruins. Never was ruin more complete; end the sun rose with a wr.u countenanca^pcriDg dirrjiy through the den?e v.ipors wklsr? seemed wholly to overspread tho, tl .-marnent. Very miserable Ttas tlie spectacle. On overy fide, ruin?s and ?smoking rnassus of blackene d w.tlls, and tower. of grim, ghnstly cliirentys, end between, HI desolat? groups, recuring on maitres.-', orbed, cr earth, were wretched women and children, gazing Vacantly on Ile sile of a once blessed abode of hp\r.e arid inr.oconce. Rovin^ detach Wents of tue.enemy, passed arr und OD? among tnerr). There w^ro those who looked and lingered nigh, with taunt audsarcasrp. Oihets there were, in whom humanity did not sevm wholly extinguished; and other.-- agata, to their credit, be it said, as wondrous exceptions from the m uai e/iMi-aci erisi ice of their comrade.-, who ??era' truly sorrowful and sympatliifmc, who had labored for the safety of family" and pro' nerty, and who openly cepl- rt-d th*- dreadfu crime, which threatened the lives and riouors ol the one, and destroyed so ruthlessly the other. XXXI.. But we have no time for description. The relentles? fate was hurrying forward, and tho destroyer had stilt, ss large a share of his otsignod labors fo execute. This day was de? voted to the destruction of those buildings of a public diameter which had escaped thc wreck of flic city proper. Th? Saluda cotton manufactory, the property of Col. I* D. Childs, was burned by the enemy prior td- their entry of the city and on their approach to it, the pre vious dsy. The several powder mills were de stroyed on Saturday. Thc Arsenal buildings on Sunday, and it is understood that, in the .ttempt to haul away ammunition from the Intt?r place, the enemy lost a large number of men. from "an unlooked for explosion. It ia reported in one case that no lesa than forty men, with their officers-one entire company-were blown to pieces in one precinct, and half as many in another. But the facia caa never be precisely ascertained, Unless in the report of Yanbee orderlies. The magnificent- steam printing establishment of Evans and Cogswell with the house assigned to their engravers, and another house, stored with stationery and book stock-perhaps the most complete establish ment of the kind in the Confederacy--was de? stroyed on Saturday; their lithographic estab? lishment, itself complete and singularly extern < sive, war? burned in (he general conflagration of Frida}- night. These were all private proper? ty, most of it isolated in situation, and dehbe rattly'fired. So, the tearful progress Of incen? diarism continued throughout Safurday and Sunday, nor did it wholly ceas-'' on Monday, ; The gas works-private property also-one of the great? st necessities of the people, a as t.\en deliberately destroyed;, and it was wjtb, seme difficulty that the incendiaries wer? persuaded to spare thc-water works. The'cotton Card manufactory of iii* fil?t? ; th<- sword factory a private interest; the flocking.manufactory-. private; the buildings at i air Grounds, ad? joining cemetery; the several railway .depots; Alexander's f un c. ry; the S.'C. Iv. lt. foundry and work shops-the Government armory, and ?. tiler buildings of greater or less value, partly Government and partly private property-all shared a common fate. .Major Ni?rnsce, the State Architekt, wm a great IOS-M-, in his iui pletnetits and valuable scientific and profes sional library. The uew Capitol building, to? ing unfinished, and not !ik ;!y to be finished in many years-?sele??, accordingly lo ti--would have too'greatly taxed the powder resources of tin; cucniy'vo d.-vtrwv it. J.'tl il was spared iiccordiii ly-??ly suffering bom some petty assaults-of malice. Herc and lhere, a plinth fractured; here nnd there a Corinthian capital. Tlie a&auiiful' piliiiy>oi Tennessee marble wa. aims, injured .-><>, giv?tt piMus inkiiig, the miserable wivfl?he* cLmbired up on ladders to r?*acn and fff-.ee "lie. ex?uisi'.e smoii and oruii .vici.in! w?u-K on 'ho fae? of lite building-dti figuring the beauti.'ul chiseling which hud ^wrought out ti.e vina ?nd acorn Irueery on ilie se7eral panels; aud tho bund) ' of fasces, on t:.e Northern par/, were fractured or broken awn_) inerts. The etstue ef Wushmgtca in bronze, cast iu 1858. for.* the city of Cnarhj-toa, bom Houdon's original, in ?he rotunda at Richnio;; ieee,ved several bruises fmua brick ats, aa dressed to face and breast. A shell scratched bis back, and the eiatf which he bore lu hie hand was broken, off ni he m d i ? Bm ldc bronze seems to liar* defied the d ?'roviives, and may be considered ?till p- i c*<" Hie bust ol'Calhoun, by Powens, sss t'? i-l; ""--troyod; so, also, was the ideal peft??i "tn ion. b tile sculptor BrowD, of the Genius of Liberty. A large oollectioa of complete espit?is, destinad *?*gB""y?B*J*j>^ for the Cap?fbl. and lying io'the'open s- juure,"^ were destroyed either*by th? beiit of the con a tiguous fire, or-by explosions of gunpowder J introdnced among them. Hereafter, sueh'beau tiful pieces" <Jf workmanship might be kept more safely and certainly, by bemg boried t deeply in" excavations of sand. The iron pal? metto tree, * that ing?nions performance of Werner, of Charleston, dedicated-os a anona ment-to the Palmetto Regiment, so renowned in the war with Mexico, suffered the loss of ? number of its lower and larger branches; bat' these, we think, mav be restored at compara? tively little cost. The apartment ii) the base was torn open, having been wrenched from its fastenings, bot no other mischief seems to have been done to it. It was probably spired, ?a commemorating the deeds of those who hod , fought und?-r their own flag, at a season when that flag waa still held ia some degree of honor, and was not wholly significant of shame and crime. . ? XX'XIL jm Something should be said in respect to the manner ir. which the negroes were treated ny the enemy while in Columbia, and aa regards .tlie influences employed by which to beguile or take them from their owners. We have already adverted to thc fact that there was a vast dif? ference between i he f eelings and performances - of the mee from the West, and- those coming,' or directly emanating, from the Eastern States. Th" former were adverse to a connection with, i hem; but. few negroes were tb be seen among? these, and they were simply used os drudges, ?rooming horses, bvaring burdens, humble etj demeanor and rewarded with kicks, cuffs and curses, frequently without provocation. They despised aud disliked the negro; openly pro? fessed their scoi-u or haired, declared the^p un willingness to have them as companions in arms, or in company aft all. Several instances have been given us ol their modes of repelling, tho association of the negro, usually with bio* id the Sst, hutt- of the musket, slash of the i s?*ru tr prick of the bayonet*'' Sherman him- ? -tif looked on these things indifferently, if """"s/^ are to ivason from a single fact afforded us by . ilayor Goodwyn. This gentleman, while walk? ing with the s ankee General, heard the report of a gun. Both heard it, and immediately proceeded to t.?e spot. There they found a. group of soldiers, with a atalwart young negro fellow.lying dertd before them on the street, the m dy yet wann and bleeding.- Pushing it^with. lu? feet, Slid tuan said; in his quick, hasty man .ici-, "VV hai does this mean,' boys?" The reoly ?v >s sufficiently cool and careless, "Tto d-d i ?lack rascal gav? us his impudence, and we shot him." "Well, bury him at onoel Get him out of sight!" Aa they passed on, one of the party remarked, "Ia that the way, General, you treat sich a easel" "Ohl" said he, "we nave no time now for eoaria-uiarualaad things of that sort!" A latfy showed us a coverlet, with huge boles g burned io it, which she said had a -vered^g