University of South Carolina Libraries
WAR SI Col. Hoyt Speaks Columl Hallsville, March 8.-Col. Jamen A. Hoyt, of Greenville, the distin guished veteran, delivered an address last night before tho J. L. Coker Camp, Sons of Veterans. In refer ence to tho losses in thc war some striking facts were brought out, that have never been put together before. The information will probably bc interesting to veterans as well as their sons. Col. Hoyt spoke as fol lows: Thc Southern Confederacy was com posed of eleven States, which in 18(30 had a military population of 1,004,193 with'whioh to confront the 4,559,872 of the same class in the other States and Territories. During tho next four years tho military population in the South was increased over 200,000 from thoso reaching their 18th year, and in other States and territories the military population was increased over 900,000 from tho same source. These who wero exempt on account of physical infirmities or otherwise, con stitute in nearly every country one fifth of the military population, and official figures show that 25 per oent of the persons examined in 1863-05 by the United States authorities were re jected as unfit for military duty. The Confederate recruiting officers did not insist upon any high standard of phy sical requirements, as the noeds of the army were too pressing, and they ac cepted all recruits and conscripts ex cept suoh as were manifestly inoapao l ned for military servioe. Tho ag gregate enrollment of the Confodorate armies during the whole war, accord ing to an estimate in the "Southern Historical Sooiety papers," which was approved by Adjutant General Samuel Cooper, numbered over 600,000 effec tive men, of whom not over 400,000 were enrolled at any one time. The total enlistments in the Federal armies were equal to 2,326,168 men reoruited for three years' servioe. These figures substantially maintain the ratio of the military population as ascertained by the census in 1860, and as to the Federal armies they are based upon the statistics of the war dapartment in Washington. The offi cial rosters of the Confederate armies at various dates during the war show the following number of organisations that were in almost continuous service in the field: 529 regiments and 85 battalions of infantry; 127 regiments and 47 battalions of cavalry, 5 regi ments and 6 battalions of heavy artil lery and 261 batteries of light artil lery. The aggregate is equivalent to 764 regiments of ten companies each. Only a few new regiments were organ ized after 1862, and in most oases they were consolidations of previous organizations. The recruits and and conscripts were assigned to the old regiments to keep up an effective strength. The total loss of tba Confederate armies in killed and mortally wounded will never be definitely known, and can only be stated in round numbers. A summary of thc casualties in each battle and minor engagement, using official reports oaly, and in their ab . senoe the estimates from Confederate ? sources, indioates that 04.000 men were killed and mortally wounded jon the Confed?rate sido during the war. In the report made by Gen. James B. Fry for 1865-66, there is a tabula tion of Confederate losses as compiled .from tho muster rolls on file in the bureau of Confederate arohieves at 'Washington. The returns arc incom plete, and nearly all the Alabama colls are missing. The figures are Trorth noting however, as they show that at least 74,524 were killed or died of wounds, and that 59,207 died of disease. Without meaning to make any invidious comparison, the tabula tion of General Fry's report shows thct out of the 74,524 who were killed or died of wounds, North Carolina and South Carolina are{acoroditcd*with|32, 59\ or more than 43 per cent of tho -.otal loss. The highest percentage of loss of killed and mortally wounded, ?rated acoording to tho military popu laron in 1860, belongs to South Caro lina, and is a most oomplete vindica tion of her aotion in loading the se cession movement. Mr. Kirkley, tho statistician of the United States war department, states tho deaths from battles in tho Civil War, aB he terms it, at 110,070, of - whioh 67,058 are'olassified as killed in action and 43,012 as having died of ^wounds. Estimating from the loss in ' Lilied and mortally wounded, the con ..elusion is drawn that there were L75, ?175 men wounded othorw* s than mor tally in the Union armies, making the ^ tot ul number of killed and wounded -385,245., within a small fraction of the total number of effective men in all tho annies of the Confederate States during ?ne entire four yean, BO that tot ?sen man in the Confederate eer to Veterans' Sons. jin State. vice there wa9 a man killed or wound ed in the Federal service. The Dum ; ber of wounded treated at the Federal hospitals during the war waB 246,712, which embraced nine-tenths of all the wounded, according to tho surgeon general's estimate. There is no way of arriving at the exact number of killed and wounded, but thc hospital recorda are substantially accurate, and thc losses in minor engage ments for which no official returns i of tho casualties were made will un doubtedly increase thc total consider ably. At Gettysburg, which has been : termed the greatest of historic battles, : the Federal loss is atatcd at 3,063 j killed, 14,4'J2 wounded, and 5,435 cap j tured or miasing. The mortally j wounded ure as usual included in the 14,41*2 reported simply as wounded, but. this docs not fix tho actual loss of life, and Liout.-Col. Wm. F. Fox, United States army, has examined the rolls of each regiment which fought at Gettysburg and taking name by name ho has ascertained that 5,291 men lost their lives on that field and the Second Corps (Hancock's) ?sustained a loss of 1,238 in killed and died of wounds, or nearly one-fourth of the tutai loss thus ascertained. It was there that this famous oorps had the hardest fighting in its experience and won its greatest laurels, and it was there thoy met and repulsed Pickett's magnifict-nt oharge, whore the fighting was deadly in the extreme. The per centage of loss in the First Minnesota regiment was without an equal in the records of modern warfare. Only 263 men from 8 oompanies were in aotion on July 2nd, and the total casualtiee were 215, of whom 47 were killed and 168 wounded, making82 per cent.oThe Federal regiment sustaining the great est IOSB in battle during the entire war was the Fifth New Hampshire whioh lost 295 men, killed or mor tally wounded in aotion, from 1861 to 1865. The distinotion must be drawn be tween a percentage of loss and the greatest loss in any given battle, de pendent upon the number of men oarried into aotion. The several loss es are not always the largest numer ically. Take the Twen y-aix'a North Carolina, Pettigrew's brigade, whose loss al Gettysburg was 86 killed and 502 wounded, making a total of 588, in addition to 120 reported as missing, who were lost in Piokett's i charge, nearly all of whom must have been killed or wounded, as they foll into the enemy's hands and were not included in the hospital report. The casual ties were 708 out of 820 who were present, and this loss ooourred mostly in the first day's fight, whioh is an al most unexampled rcoord. The per centage of loss in the Twenty-sixth North Carolina at Gettysburg was 71.7 whioh is the third highest percentage in the Confederate army. The First Texas in tho battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg) carried only 226 men in aotion, and the loss was 45 killed and 141 wounded, whioh is 82.3 per oent, the highest percentage on reoord. The Twenty-first Georgia at Second Manassas, August 28-31, 1862, with 242 men in aotion, lost 38 killed and 146 wounded, or 76 per oent. The Palmetto Sharpshooters at Fra zier's farm, June 30, 1862, with 375 men in aotion, lost 39 killed and 215 wounded, or 67.7 per cent. The Sixth South Carolina at Seven Pines, May 31,1862, with 521 men in aotion, lost 88 killed and 181 wounded, or 51.6 per oent. The first South Carolina Rifles (Orr's Regiment) at Gaines' Mill, with 537 men in aotion, lost 81 killed and 225 wounded, or 56.9 per oent. Anderson's South Carolina brigade (afterwards Jenkins' and then Brat ton's) in the "Seven Days Around Richmond," with 1,250 men in action, lost 136 killed and 633 wounded, 13 missing, or 62.9 por cent. This less ooourred in tho two battles of Gaines' Mill and Frazier's Farm. Longstreet's Division (Anderson's Pryor's, Wilcox's and Feathoratono's brigades) during tho Seven Days' Bat tles, lost at Gaines' Mill and Frazier's Farm, 766 killed, 3,435 wounded and 237 missing; total, 4,438 out of 8,831 engaged, or 50.2 per oent. Nor was this an uncommon loss as the offioial re ports often indioute a loss of 40 per cont or more. Through the desperate struggle of four years, with its soores of great battles and minor engage ments, the ranks were divided and sub-divided until the end came, and with it a brigade or division was merely a thing of shreds and patohes. As early in the war as Sharpsburg, September 17, 1862, regiments were commanded by captains and companies by sergeants. Gettysburg was undoubtedly the greatest battle of the war; the strate . ? ." ; IA. .-'Slit''-. gio issues involved wore the most im portant; Washington city was imper iled, and the Federals were on the de fensive; and it was the turning point in the fortunes of the Confederacy. Tho contending armies were not only large, but were at their best in point of discipline and experience. Lee and Meade were battling for the mastery, aod thu loss of life exceeded that of any other field swept by these two great armies? Antiotam (or Sharpsburg) was the bloodiest and most furious battle, and more men were killed that day than any other one 'day of the war. At Gettysburg, Chancellorsville and Spottsylvania, the fighting oovered three days or more; at tho Wilderness, Cold Harbor, Shiloh, Chickamauga and Atlanta tho losses were divided be tween two days, but at Antietam the desperate work began at sunrise and was practically ended at4 o'clock in the afternoon. Leo's army consisted of 35,000 foot-sore, weary soldiers, poorly clad, and slimly fed, while Mc Clellan brought 00,000 men on the field., with a reserve force of 27,000 in full view of thc contest. One-fourth of Lee's army, more than 8,000, lay dead or wounded on the field, while McClellan's losses wore 12,500 in round numbers. It was a square, hand-to hand fight and tho survivors on both sides slept in tho very lines where they had fought amid the carnage of tho bloody held. In the Seven Days around Rich mond, Lee's army was between 80,000 'and 90,000, the very flower of South ern youth and chivalry, and he never led its like again. Grant's army at the Wilderness two yoars after numbered 120,000 compos ed of veteran regiments, whose flags had waved above the smoke and din of numberous battlefields. Another year carno, and the remnant of Lee's match less soldiers furled their flags in the presence of Grant's steadily increas ing numbers, for the work of mili tary attrition had been accomplished. The Boston Tramp's Lecture. "I think," said tho kind lady, "that you will find work right around the oorner there." "Madam," said Sauntering Sim, I was born and bred in Boston. I am sorry that you used those words. Carelessness in the use of our saored language is to me far more distress ing than hunger." "What do you mean?" she demand ed Tith considerable spirit, for she had once been a sohool teacher and prided herself on her parts of speech. "That little word 'will,' " he re plied. "Ah, how often His misused! Have you ever heard of the lady who fell from the steamship and oalled ?Help! Help!'" "I don't remember it," she answer ed. "Well," he went on, "this poor wo man fell into the water, having neg lected to inform herself oonoerning the proper use of the words 'will' and 'shall.' It happened that no heroes were on deok when she went over board, therefore her appeals for help were made in vain.. 'Help! Helpl' she shouted, but no one went to her assistance, and in despair she cried, "Nobody shall help me; I will drown 1' What she moant, of course, was 'No body will help me; I shall drown!' You see what a difference the trans position of those two small words makes." "But T don't know what that has to do with me," the lady said. "Alas!" he almost sobbed: "das! alas! Why will people who are other wise fairly intelligent make such wo ful assaults upon our beloved Eng lish? Ton said,'I think you will find work around the corner.' Mark the misuse of the word 'will.' If you had said, I think you may (or might) find workaround-' " But she let the dog out just then and the leoture was off.-Chioago Record. Nothing so thoroughly removes dis ease germs from the system as Prickly Ash Bitters. It gives life and aotion to the torpid liver, strengthens and assists the kidneys to properly oloanse the blood, gives tone to the stomaoh. purifies the bowels, and promotes good -appetite, vigor and cheerfulness. Evans Pharmacy - A girl never really appreciates the attentions of young men until some other girl trios to get a oorner on thom. Bloating after Bating, indigestion, flatulence or water brash, may be ?uiokly oorrcoted through the use of 'riokly Ash Bitters. It strengthens digestion, cleanses and regulates the bowels. Evans Pharmacy. - After having reached tho aero mark a society girl's age resembles the locomotion of a orab-it goes backward. To Care a Cold In One Day? Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tab lets. All druggists refund the mone if it fails to ourc. E. W. Grove'y signature on every box. 25o. - Man was made to mourn, but probably it was never intended that he should spend so muoh of his time at it. - Wise is he who knows where his knowledge ends and bis ignorance begins. - Taking a stout girl out riding in a light buggy is suggestive of a spring meeting. The Kin; of Italy and the Peasant. There is & little story about the young King of Italy which is being printed in the Italian papers, and which ia worth reproducing. The King was staying in the country at his palace in Raocrrig!. He is little known to tho people there, for io his walks about the neighborhood he al ways strives to preserve his incognito. Henoe come some curious adventures. One day, while out tramping, he got very thirsty, and seeing a woman milking a cow in a field near-by, he went up to her and asked her for a glass of milk. "I can't gi ve you any of this," said the woman, "but if you'll mind the cow I'll go to the house and get you some." So the king minded the cow till the woman returned with a glass of cool milk. Then he asked her where all the farm hands had gone. "Oh, they're always running away now to try to S-?O the King," answered the woman. "And why do you not go? Don't you want to seo the King?" "Some ono must stay and look after things." "Well, little mother," smiled the guest, "you see the King without run ning away from your work." "You're joking!" exclaimed the wo man, who could not believe that a monaroh could be so quietly dressed. But when the King put a gold coin into her haud she fell on her knees, while he oontinued his walk, laugh ing over the incident.-Maroh Wo man's Home Companion. She Lost Nothing. A distinguished naval officer was telling this story on himself the other evening to a gathering of his friends. At the time of his marriage he had been through the Civil War and had had many harrowing experiences aboard ship, through all of whioh he kept his courage and remained as calm as a brave man should. As the time for the ceremony o*me on, however, his calmness gradually gave way. At the altar, amid the blaze of brass but tons and gold laoe marking the naval wedding, the officer was all but stam peded, and what went on there seemed very muoh mixed to him. Fearing the excitement of the moment would temporarily take him oft his feet, the officer had learned the marriage cere mony letter perfect, as he thought, and he remembered repeating the words after the minister in a mechan ical sort of way. After the ceremony was over and all was serene again, including the officer's state of mind, the kindly, clergyman came up to him and touch ed him on the shoulder. "Look here, old man," he said, 'Von didn't endow your wife with any woildly goods." "Vhat's that?" asked the bride groom, with something of astonish ment in his voice. "Why, I repeated the sen ten o o 4With all my worldly goods I thee endov?' several times, and despite my efforts you would not say it after me." The bridegroom seemed perturbed for a moment, and then a beaming light came into his faoe. "Never mind, sir," he said, "she didn't lose a blessed thing by my fail ure."-Washington Star. He Knew his Own. Carlyle, speaking of America, onoe said i!-ut the North ours ed the negro and bar-e him be free, and the South blessed him and bade him be a slave. His theory gives point to a story told in the Arkansas Thomas Oat. One of the old-time Southern ne groes went to Boston to make his for tune. After a week of walking up and down, he found himself penniless and no work in sight. Then he went from house to house. "Ef yo' please, sah," he began, when his ring at the front door was answered, "oan't yo* gib a p'or culled man wuk ter do, or oom pia to eat?" And the polite answer invariably was, "No mister; very sorry, but have nothing for you." All who answered his ring addressed him us "Mr.," but shut their doors and hearts against him. Finally he rang tho bell at a brownstone front. A gentleman appeared, and tho "'.d man began, "Boss, I is s tar vin'. Can't yo' gimme some viotuals?" "You black, kinky-headod rasoall" exclaimed the gentleman. "How dare you ring the bell at my front door? Go round the backyard way to the kitchen and the cook'll give you some thing, you blaok-" But just there the old man fell on his knees, exclaiming, "Thank de Lawd, I foun' mah own white folks at lasM Thank de Lawd, I foun' 'em-I foun' 'eml" - A New York institution gets its name "chair house," from the faot that hu*aan beings BO poor they can not buy a lodging at tho cheapest Bowery resorts, puts up firo centa for achanooto oooupy a ohair for (he eight. By ll o'clook the night's eon ti?g??it is fast asieop in the chairs, tho usual number being 25 or 30 tuen, of all kinds and degrees of decrepit poverty. Subduing a Bully. The following story of how a bully waa oowed on a railroad train by a nervy eonduotor is told by D. Eldridge Monro?), of the Baltimore bar: 0 "I was coming eastward over the Santa Fe railroad one night in the fall of 1877. The train stopped at Dodge City, which was iuvu the most impor tant point for the shipment of cattle in southwestern Kansas. Some of the worst characters on the frontier made their headquarters there. Quite a numuer of passengers of the true fron tier type boarded the train. Among them was a fellow who particularly attraoted my attention, because of his burly form and coarse, and I could not help but think cowardly, features. He was dressed in typical eowboy style. He wore a suit of deerskin, profusely adorned with tassels made of the same material. 'Bully' was written in his unattractive faoe and was shown in his every movement. The eonduotor of the train, a very cour teous and efficient man, rather small of stature, named Bender, some time after leaving Dodge, came through the oar collecting fares. Bender had some nasal trouble, which made it appear when he spoke that be was talking through his nose. He drawled out his words very slowly, and alto gether his utterances were rather droll. He approached the Doc^e City bully and asked him for his ticket. " ' Got no ticket,' he surlily re plied. ** 'Where are you going?' drawled Bender. " 'Goin' whore I please, and it's none of your business where I'm goin," replied the bully. "You've got to pay your fare or get off this train; and I want to know how far on this line you're going/ again demanded Bender. " 'I tell you I'm not teilin' you or any one else where I'm goin', replied the bully, at the same time plaoing his right hand on one of tho two pistols of large oalibre conspicuously display ing in the holsters attached to his belt. "The bully during the oolloquy had emphasized his words with the coars est profanity. The other passengers in the oar beoame not a little ezoited and were evidently curious to see what the end would be. "When the bully thus threatingly gave his ultimatum Bender eyed him coolly for a moment in silence, then passed on collecting hi a fares. In per haps a half-hour Bender came into the oar from the direction of the express ear with a double-barrel shotgun cook ed, and before the bully had time to' j offer any show of def enoe, Bender had him covered, the mossie of the gun being within two feet of the bully's face. " 'Now where are you going?" asked Bender, coolly drawing out the ques- j tion through his nose. " 'I-I'm goin' to get off/ replied the thoroughly oowed bolly. "A brakeman pulled the bell cord, and the train esme to a halt. Bender, keeping his man eovered with the cooked gun, followed him until he saw him jump from the steps of the oar into the darkness, at least 20 miles from the nearest station. Then the train moved on and the passengers re sumed their normal quiet."-Balti more Sun. i- ? sa - Some of the late Lord Bandolph Churohill'u friends once tried to have Lord Salisbury reinstate his erratio lieutenant. Saiiobury listened io them patiently and then asked: "Have any of you ever had a oarbunele on the baok of your neek?" "No," was the reply. "Well, I have/' retorted his lordship, "and I don'* want anoth er.'.' Strong Aflato. The woman who knowe the full value of health ia the woman who has lost it and regained it: the woman who from being weak ana sickly ia once again made a strong woman. Rolf a million weak and sickly women have been ffflrn made strong and {WinflA well by the aid of ?82y*>S Dr. Pierce and his ?SpMfcQ vVj R Favorite Pre scrip- /VflB Ya tton.* It eurea the ? Ula which weaken ifff! women.. It regtt- t?rT???y"V2^ lates the p?riode, m tjyf B?k dr ie s enfeebling flnaTrij. J^S?j draina, heals in- P^fiS?SftiiW88^ fiammatlon and ul- ]fi* SSfH ceration, and eurea llaauwsgy 15 female weakness. EjSKB?tW 159 It nourishes the BgBMgfr. Sm nerves and so cures /SS SBB^O* nervousness. It ((mSiWf promotes a healthy IBBBtuiJt^E ft daces refreshing B 8? ?X had tousle trouble ffTBjffjnT'lll tor eight rea.-*," writes S^toMHfft R V Mrs. I* 1. Dennfct, of /NNHt Vii SJS BastOotlsge Street, I I w , itt .11% Jacksonville. Ula. /ll U| III "Words cannot cs- /JA IB 111 pron what X eaflated. /. I ?3 im_? \ 1 lona*tor eJesth to^ttaxve^nd w^^W^tu^^^^fcr-' lng. I hsdlaternsl tnftamnatkm, a cHspgrce atSe ArtSn hMrintr-down Dhu. and saab disQreea every S?ntb. .bal sow I MT? haw a .(tala-do alJj^rp wc?1?^1 mia m ?ireog ana nesxay Ute Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets with "Favorite Prescription* if the Dowala aro inactive or irregular. ?SSSlBSlli) slmQaUng iteFoodaMfiegu?a ?ng uteStoaadto aialBowls of IM ANIS ' < lill 1VKI.N Promotes DigesUonJCheerfuf ness andRestContalns neither ODiuin,MorD?iinfi nortfios?aL KOT "NA?C OTIC . Jbape cfOldfrS?ltUEISmitlER JfimiJc'm Semi- v Abc's***** I i&kdis&Uk- j A perfect Remedy for Cons ups ilon , Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea Worms ,Corwuisions .Feverish ness and Loss O?r SLEEP. Facsimile Signature of NEW YDHK. .\ i \> 111 ? mili-? t ? i ii J ) 1 ) o s:? &.~'rf. ] ) C i ST s EXACTCASTROP WHaSKK 4? UHd IURUI Ppr Infants and CMidreB. ?Tbs Kind You Have Always Bought .iv -: Bears the Signature of 1 Use For Over Thirty Years THE onmua COB wir. nt? nu? A Well Jr'ornished Home Ia not necessarily an expensively tarnished one, as at TOLLY'S hand some, even sumptuous, FURNITURE is procurable without great outlay Not that we deal in knocked-together raade-to-sell sort, but because 'we are content with a reasonable profit on really good articles of Furniture Our best witness ia the Gooda them* selves. Tours truly G, fr. TOLLY & SON, The Old Reliable Furnitur-Dealers, Depot St, Anderson, B. 0. Strut 1 HIS DAYS ABB NUMBERED? He is big, but none too big to fill the roomy, white enam* el oven of a Buck's Stove. . Do You Owe Me ? ?'.v. If so come in at onoe and settle, aa I mast make oolloo* tiona at once, and save expense of coming to see you. Respectfully, JOHN T. BURRI88. A. C. STRIORL???B, DEFTEST. OFFICE-Front Booms over Farm era and merchants Bank. The opposite cut illustrates Con tlnuoua ,Gnm Teeth. 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