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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING. JULY U, 1881 VOLUME XV IL-NO. 1. 3 ABOUT THE PRESIDENT. How He Sustains Ills Injin ios-Their Effect Upou III? Fnmliy-Wunt Tilden nod Bayard Bay of the Attempted Assassination -More About the Assassin. James Abram Garfield was boru on the 19th of November, 1831, at Orange, Cuyaboga county, Ohio. He was tue ?oungest of four children, and soon after is birtb his father, Abram Garfield, died, leaving his mother wiib a hard prospect in life. 3bo ia a woman of strong character and of wonderful energy. When James was quito young ho.waa of service to tho struggling family, and by the time be was twelve years old helped considerably toward ils comfort and sup port. The Garfield household endured the tr ir lu of severe poverty, aud the early days of the future President v ero passed in such privation* a* have nilen to the lot of few famous men. At sixteen he was a raw country boy, full of vigor, and already remarkably well educated for bis opportunities. He had a boyish idea of going to sea, but was dissuaded from do* mg so by bis mother. He wai- ?hen serv ing as a common caual hand. When he wns eighteen he was enabled to attend school by the industry and pri vations of bis mother. He taught school and saved $300 with which he started to Williams College in 1854. Finishing a brilliant course there, he entered Hiri'iu College as Piofessor of Ancient Luogua?es. His first appearance in politics was in 1857, wheo he made several stump speeches in a Btate campaign. lu 1859 he was elected to the State Senate as a strong anti-slavery man. Ile attained great influence in the Legislature, and wns considered one of the readiest speak ers and atrnngest debaters, in the body. When the war began be entered into it with great enthusiasm. He was ap pointed by Qovernor Dennison Lieuten ant-Colonel of the Forty-second Ohio Regiment, but was made Colonel as soon as the regiment was organized. He rose to the rank of Brigadier-General, and was made chief of staff of the army of the Cumberland. At Chickamauga he rendered distinguished service, and this was the last active war duty he per formed. Soon afterwards ho was pro moted to the rahk of Major-General of volunteers. In 1863 he resigned bis commission to accept un election to the Thirty-Eighth Congrats from what ia now the Nineteenth Ohio District. He served successively in every Congress until be was elected to the Presidency. In 1877 he was a member of tho Electo ral Commission. Before his nomination at Chicago ho was elected to succeed Judge Thurman in the United States Senate, but on the day that he would have taken bis seat in that body ha was inaugurated President of tho United States with the grandest ceremonies ever known on such un occasion. Tho congressional career of the Presi dent is fresh in the mind of the country. He was one of the most prominent fig ures that has appeared in Washington nineo the war. After Mr. Bininu went to the Senate he was the acknowledged leader of the Republican party in the House. It was his emiuent service io this fiyld, ns well as his great popularity in the duubtful State of Ohio, which caused the anti-Grant factions to unite on him at Chicago. In the cunvuss be developed flue powers of political leader ship, mid created great enthusiasm throughout the South and West. Of his administration little need be 6&id, aa it Ima been so brief and its every important fact is so well known. Garfield when 27 years old married Miss Lucretia Rudolph, daughter of a Maryland farmer, whom he had met when both were students at Hiram Col lege. He is a dexoted member of the Christian or Camphellite Church,ami has frequently appeared as a lay preacher in its pulpits. One singular incident of his life is tbat whilu spending a vacation in North Poynal, Vt., ho taught a writing class in nscbuol where Chester A. Arthur had been principal a year before. The President was u man ol Uno physique and just in the prime of his power. Per sonally he was very attractive, and was notable for tho simplicity of his manners, which the honors of the White House Bcem to have left entirely unaffected. Scenes In tho President's Chamber on Saturday Night, Special to New York Times. WASHINGTON; July 3.-Never since the 14th of April, 1865, when the citizens of thc entire Natiun were looking for the momentary death of the martyred Lin coln, has tho White House been tho scene of such a terrible death-watch as it was last night. Whether the President lives or dies, tho night of the 2d of July will forever mark an era in tho history of tho Executive Munsion, and the inci dents of that night, when the life of President Garfield hung trembling in the balance, will be read with interest so loug os the English lunguage is read or spoken. The full particulars of thal night of anxious wulching and fearful forebodings will probably never be writ ten. The actors in tho scene were too busy and too much excited by tbeir fears to remember half of tho little incidents which go to make up the&ag.C siury ; but nome dim pictures of the . embie life drama which was unacted in tito Presi dent's chamber, while the wholo world was awaiting with breathless anxiety its culmination, may bo drawn at this time, while tho actors of it still hold its prom inent features fresh in tbeir i..emory. Tho Tima' correspondent bas seen aud conversed with most of the ladies aud gentlemen who passed the night in the White House, hoping and fenring alter nately for the safety of tho "life of tho Chief Executive of a great nation, and the stories which they relate, while they serve to mako a graphic pict'uro of a sceno wbich all Americaus will look upon willi intense interest, servo Btill more forcibly to depict the character of President Garfield, and to place him be fore the world as a husband and father as ho never could have been known but for tho attempt made upou his life yes terday by the assassin, Guiteau. From the time of tho shooting in the Ballimore and Potomac depot yesterday morning until very nearly midnight, but little, if nny, hopes of saving tho Presi dent's lifo were entertained by the phy sicians who attended him. It is safe to say that but for the remarkably nbstemi nous courso of life which he had pursued from boyhood up he never would have rallied from the shock. His one thought, When ft became pnsslblo fur bim to think calmly at all after being removed to his chamber in the Executive Mansion, waa for bis wife and children. He feared the e?Tcct of tho terrible news upon Mrs. Garfield, and hr* was nnrtuus to have her and their daughter Mollio with him, that he might r?assure them, if possible, and look upon them for tho last time, If it wan decreed that ho should die. He was cry weak at this time, and to ali appear ces sinking fast. He.was told by Mrs. Jume?, wife of the Postmaster-General, and Mr?. Hunt, who were doing all thai sympathetic women could do to make him comfortable, that Mrs. Garfield would be with him by 6 o'clock. Every moment seemed an age to the fast sisk ing father and husband. He turned rest lessly in his bed and H*ked the time of day continually. It wa* evident that his anxiety to meet Mrs. Garfield waa aggra vating the effect of tho wound? which he had received, but nothing could be done. Six o'clock rame, and with it, instead of Mrs. Garfield, the news that the engine of her train had broke? down 17 mi les outside of Washington. This news was carefully kept from tho suffering Presi dent, an-i ..? fresh engine started off to tike tho place of the disabled one. It brought Mrs. Garfield, Mollie Garfield, Gen. Swain and Mrs. Rockwell to the city, at tb? rate of CO miles an hour, and at (j.59 the party drove up to tho private entrance in the rear of the White House. Here thc almost heart-broken wife was met by ber sou, James A. Garfield, Jr., Mrs. James und Attorney-General Mae Veagb. She pluced her hands in those of Mrs. James aud directing a piercing inquiry into her eyes, exclaimed inter rogatively : "Well?" "Oh, everything is going on beautifully," said Mrs. James in reply, "only he must not be excited. You must be very calm when you meet him." Mrs. Garfield had nerved herself for the ordeal, and she answered simply, but with great firmness: "I eau do it." The party theu went sadly up tho stairs, young Jumes A. Garfield with his arm about bis mother's waist. Arrived in the library, everybody but M rp. Garfield pa'jsed, and tho doctors withdrew with bowed heads from the President's cham ber. Mrs. Garfield passed quickly ia, and the door was closed. Of that sol emn meeting between hu?band and wife no record will ever be giv?n. The two were alone together, without witnesses. At the end of about fifteen minutes the door opened, sud Mrs. Garfield came slowly out. Theo were no tears io her eyes, and she walk ?d with a firm step aud took her seat in the library. She was very brave and bur? cp nobly under the great blow which hail fallen upon her. Au she left tho room Mrs. James passed io. The President was smiling, and he beckoned with his finger . J thc lady to approach. She leaned over the Presi dent and he said : "Have you met Creto?" Mr?. Garfield's Christlau name is Lucretia, and Crete is the pet name by which tho President always speaks of her. "Yes, I have met her," said Mrs. Jumes. "And how does she act; how did she bear it?" WHS the next eager question. "She bore it like the true wife ufa true Holdier," answered Mrs. James. "Ah, thc doar little woman exclaimed the President, "I would rather die than that this should cause a relapse to ber." Soon after Miss Mollie entered the room. She, too, was very brave, and forced herself to assume a calmness which she could not feel. Advancing steadily toward her father as he lay on what was supposed to be bis death-bed, she Baid : "Oh, papa, I'm so glad to get back to you, but I ni so sorry to sec you in thia way." Then she kissed him, and the President, pulling his arm around her neck, exclaimed: "Mollie, you're a bruve, good little girl." "Well. I'm uot Suing to talk to you now," said the -?tont ea ried little girl, as she tenderly re moved his arm from her ueck ; "wait till you get we'll," and with these parting words che kia.ed him again and turned and walked from tbe room, followed by a beaming ao?i! 3 from the President. From the moment of Mrs. Garfield's visit to him tho President seemed to gain rn strength and sp.rita, und if he recovers the doctore say that it will be due greatly to the presence of his devoted wife. After Mollie had left him he turned over, and with one hand clasped firmly in oue of Mrs. Jame:.', and his head resting 1 upon her other hand, he fell into a gen tle sleep. lu half un hour, however, lie awoke und complained of a pain in his feet. It did uot last loug, and he dozed off again, still holding the baud of Mrs. James. This time he slept a little over half an hour, and wheo ho awoke he said lo Mrs. James: "Do you know where Mrs. Garfield is now?" "Oh, yes," Mrs. James answered, "she is close by, watch ing and praying for her husband." He looked up to the lady with an anxious face, ?nd said : "I want her to go to bed. Will you tell her that I say if she will undress and go to bed I - dil turn right over, and I feel sure thal when I know she is in bed I eau go to sleep and sleep all night. Tell her," ho exclaimed with sudden energy, "that I trill sleep all night if she will only do what I ask." Mrs. James conveyed the message to Mrs. Garfield, who said to ber at once: "Go back and tell him that I am undress ing." She returned with the answer, and the President turned over on his right side and dropped into a quiet sleep almost instantly. Tho Courage of the President. WASHINGTON, July 6.-Whatever the doctors may say, tho belief of the family that the President will recover cannot be shaken. Mrs. Garfield is very certain that her husband will recover. After her exciting ride and terrible anxiety of Saturday, some time past midnight she fell asleep from exhaustion. She arose Sunday morning much refreshed. She spent the greater part of the day at the sick bed. About 3 o'clock she entered tho room w'uore the cabinet weru ia at tendance, and expressed the greatest confidence thnt rh? President would re cover. The President himsolf shared thia opinion. Once only has he felt that bis hours were numbered ; that was in the early evening of Saturday, when, st his own request, at the time when he seemed to he sinking so rapidly, the physicians told him that tho chances wore that he had not many hours to live. But it was only for a very short timo that he seemed to feel that his end was near, and even then he was not despondent. Late in the night he talked of pleasant things, and discussed with tho watching Khysician?, Dr. Bliss, what effect upou in (tho President's) career would have been had a brother of Dr. Bliss, who was Garfield's boy companion, failed to re turn to bim n $10 note which he had lost. "The loss of that note," said the President, "might have prevented my going to school ; might have prevented ia', froth becomming President." The President'a mind during the night waa constantly on pleasant things nf thin ?ort, and ho conversed cheerfully in. all his waking intervals during the uight. Secretary Windom remarked Monday morning, "If the President had cot been one of tue greatest men in tim world. h* would not be alive. Ho does not treat his condition lightly, nor assume na air of bravado, but, contemplating the probabilities of hi > situation, with tho calm heroism of a Christian, he Is firm and determined, yet cheerful." Thin seems tc describo the President's mental condition perfectly. He has a ena) that knows no fear, and while be undoubtedly fully realizes tho imminent danger of bis situation, he has n?t pe. - m itt eil it for an instant to unnerve him or to cloud hts faculties. His pain, which has been nt times intense, has I been borne with patient cheerfulness, No murmur ha? sscr.pcd h'm. He has becu a? tender and considerate of the , feelings of those around him as he used to be in the hours of his greatest vigor i and joyousness. To his persistent cheer fulness and firmness the physicians largely attribute the favorable chango which they noted in his condition at a late hour last oveuing, nod which from a feeling of complete despair, restored them within the space ot ? few hours to a degree of hope, if not a felling of coa fidence in bis recovery. "If his recovery takes place it will *.o a must remarkable display," said a proiu- ! inent physician, "cf psychological ?tumi na. Even with all tho benefit of his j temperate habits and healthy mode of Wfe i in his physical system, the Presideut ; could not have survived that wound four boura had his heart sunk or his nerve failed for a aingle moment. If be lives, it will, in opinion of his physician^ bc H ' victory of a good coat dence, a tempera** ! life and a robust constitution over the ; assassin's bullet." ?Tire and Mother. One beautiful feature of the cs eu' i han been the remarkable fortitude o'. Mrs. Garfield. The aad nena was told her in her sitting room ot Long Branch by Qtj-??al Swain, who never minces words. He entered with the dispatch in bis pocket. Said ht : "I have some bad news to tell you, but I guess you are enough of a philoso pher to bear it bravely." "What is it?" said tho '.it tl o mistress of tho vf hite house. "Well," auld Swain, "thc Presideut has met with an injury." "How lierions is it?" asked abo looking him straight in his eye. "To save my life," said the general, relating the story, "I o mid not have de ceived her had I w?u*ed to." Ho then told ber : "It is pretty serious, but not fatal." "How did it happen?" asked Mrs. Garfield. "He was abut sorao way, by accident, I guess, handling a pistol or Bometbing," was the reply. "No it wasn't," said Mrs. Garfield, and General Swaiu showed her the diwpatu without much ado. Mrs. Garfield uttered not a cry, but began at once to get ber things together for the journey. On the train she saw every dispatch, and her anxiety to reach his side was shown only by al ienee. THE PRESIDENT'S MOTHER. CI.EVEI.AND, Ohio, July 4.-The President's aged mother is in Solon forty miles from Cleveland, and the first thought was what effect the shock might have on her great age and feebleness. She ia a guest of ber daughters, Mrs. Mary G. Larabee and Mrs. Mebe tablo Trowbridge, upon their farms, one mile east of Solon. A reporter visi ted Solon Sunday, and drove out to the Larabee homestead, where he met Mrs. Larabee, Mrs. Trowbridge and thc. daughters of the former. "What bavo you heard from Washington," was the anxious inquiry that greeted him, as he appeared at the doorway. Upou being informed that the news at 2 o'clock was of an encouraging nature, the ladies were partly relieved of their anxiety, and en tered into conversation concerning the sad event. "How does Mrs. Garfield boar the news?" '"She has not heard a word of what has happened," replied Mrs. Larabee, "and we are afraid to break the news to ber. Mother bas bad so much trouble of late, that we dare not excite her at this time. She was not informed of Mrs. Arnold's death which occurred on Thursday night until this morning and it ha? prostrated her. The j death of Uncle Thomas produced a great j shock on her nerves and she was unable l to attend his funeral. Mother is so wrapped up in James that this will cer tainly kill he?*." "Have you received tidings from uey members of tho Presi dent's family," was UL ked. "Wo received E a telegram a sbori time aga from Hurry Garfield, addressed *o h's grandmother, but fhrlher than thh> wo have fe sard nothing from the family," vas thv reply of Mrs. Trowbridge. The following is a copy of tho message mentioned above : EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, D. C., July 2.-10 Mrs. Eliza Garfield, Solou, Ohio : Don't be alarmed by sen sational rumora ; doctor thinks it will not be fatal. Don't think of coming un til you. hear further. HARRY A. GARFIELD. "You bad learned of tho attempted as sassination before the receipt of thin mes sage ?" suggested the reporter inquiring ly. "We knew nothing of what happen ed until the arrival of the noon train with ennies nf an extra," replied Mrs. Trowbridge. "My daughter from Brook lyn villago came down from Cleveland this morning, and brought us a copy containing the terrible news. We could not at first believe it. But aa we read the bulletins we becamo satisfied they were only too true. A short time later we received Harry's dispatch, from which we drew as much comfort} as onssible. After that we had no news until you ar rived." It was decided that the aged lady should not bo told the awful news, at least until later, when better newn might be at band, and when abe might bavo more strength to bear it. Later in the day Mrs. Garfield was told of tbe condition of ber ann, when abe exclaimed, "God help mel" Reas auring advices bavo been sent her. Gath on the Crime. Doctor Carey, a well known IOCAI j character who was once n popular preacher and also an actor, went to call on Arthur during the afternoon. He said Ut me, ''General Arthur's father, an old clergyman, always stopped at my house in New York. I am going to call on Arthur," said he, "because he ia a Trholc-souled fellow. One of the best io tho world. I know," said Dr. Carey, "that a good many people are talking against him to-day, but we have to take him up in our arms becauso he is to be our President. Said I, "Doctor, will th ere. not bo a revolution in the government by Arthur coming in?" "Unquestionably,-' said Dr. Carey, "Conkling and Platt can now be elected to the acuate, if they want to go there, if tliey don't want to go, Arthur will put Conkling in his cabinet aa first min ister. I think that Arthur will endeavor to persuade Conkling to drop the eena, torship and go with him in the govern* ment. Then," said the doctor, "you may mnke up your mind that tho whole cabinet will have to go and that Rob ertson will never put his foot io that custom house. There will be a completo .nd absolute recognition of tli? m?iw?ri wing of the party, and I should not wonder if it would break the republican party to pieces or force new party coali tions." I apoke a few minutes with Colonel Hay at the Tribune offico. He aaid that he utipposed the death of Garfield, of wnom he had little bone, would bring in Arthur and change the cabinet. General Merritt said to me at the cus tom house ; ''Gath, it waa on the steps of the custom hon-*) 'ba? I \ MI? Oa^nuia make the first speech 1 evo; l i'.eiu 'i iv. from him, the doy President Lincoln died. How strange," aaid ho, "that we are sitting iii thin room and hearing the j newsboy now cryiog out Garfield's death. The President had been stir, the night before, and he died aboubt 7 o'clock ia the morning. There was excitement here and ao immense crowd sur* rouuded tho custom bojso as the gov ernment headquarters. Garfield was asked to pacify them, and he tnado a speech saying that tho United States required oo man, that valuable as Mr. lincoln's life had been it was the repub lic we must look to and put our shoul ders to." "Wo mak~ that motion to our hearts today,"_aaid General Merritt, co ii bide rub i y atlee tod. "We have our ! country to live for oven to-day." Mr. Simon Ci o venn, said to he a rela tive of Thaddeus Stevens, was 1 the custom-house while tho British consul called to expresa his sympathies. He said, "It was only two weeks ago when I beard,'in Garfield's presence, discussed tne contingency of Arthur becoming President. Garfield exhibited some dis position to have GenGiai Arthur consult ed about certain of thc appointments saying, "in a contingency be will be my successor .-ind it is to the interest of my friends to bave him well treated, be cause he may have thc executive power over them one day." A general feeling exists in New York Unit tho murder of tue President bas come oi-'. of the abuses of the office-grabbing system. "If we do not stop it," said a' notable lawyer to me, "wo shall go to anarchy. That fellow who shot the President got the idea into bis head that because be supported one wing of tbe Earty, be was entitled to an office, and e thought the President stood in the way of his rights. Probably because Senator Logan or Homebody else had indorsed his papers for a consulship. The interpretation of his writings is that by killing tho President bc would harmonize the party, and therefore the offices would go ai the spoils have gone heretofore. Ae this assassin came from Logan's city nnd district, I may recall a conversa tion I had with Garfield when he was on b;s fi rn t congressional committee. It was in 1868. Garfield always stood up for tho regular anny, and on that com mittee Butler and Log nu wcro resolved to chastise the regular army apirit, and promote the volunteers to be a feature of it iii the regular service ia time of peace. General Garfield said to me, "I thiuk I can get my bill reported, but I have two very brutal men tu fight, Butler and Lo gan." lie spoke against any person being very guarded ia bis censure, and he waa never satirical. Of Cunkling he once said to ino, about twelve years ago: "Cunkling can never forget that ho was the head of the Utica bar." I thought it was satirical but it was true that the bar of Utica lor many years was considered the very best m New York or tho north, lt was the best bar in the S?tate of New York for fifty years. Bayard ou the Crisis. A telegram from Wilmington. Del., says that when asked what he thought of the attempted assassination of Presi dent Garfield, Senator Bayard knit his brows, bis face became troubled, and a shadow of pain passed over bis counte nance. "I can only say," he said, "tbat I feel greatly shocked. It is a dreadful thing. I hopo most sincerely he may be spared to the nation." In speaking of tho political possibilities involved lo the present condition of affairs the Sena tor said : "Should Prcsideut Garfield die, there would result the change of power from oue wing of the Republican party to the other. He felt a great deal of apprehension from this and could only see the most dire trouble as the out growth of a change into the hands of those who had fought most bitterly, even more bitterly, than atty one outside of the Republican party, the psesent Executive aud Cabi net. He said he folt deeply the calamity that the choice of thc people should not be safe among tho people themselves, that be should not feel free to walk where be pleased, unprotected. In reply to a question tu to Conkling'a chances for the Cabinet in the event of the Presi dent's death, Mr. Bayard suggestively alluded to thc intimacy between the Vice President and the ex-Senator from New York, and referred to the obli gations the Vice-President owed to Sena tor Conkling. In conclusion the Sena tor said fervently : "I hope that God iu His mercy may sparc the wounded man." Mr. Tildeu's Sorrow aad Sympathy? NEW YOEK, July 5.-It was at Grey stone, his charming estate near Yonkers, that Mr. Tilden waa found yesterday by a reporter. He was out ia a field amone his gruceful Jerseys. They gathered around him, seemingly conscious that he wai their friend. The visitor inquired as to thc condition of Mr. Tilden's health, and was told that but for a slight cold it was very good. He looked very well, and the interest with which he pointed out a favorite heifer or a pct chicken showed the delight ho takes in rural occupations. His first inquiry was aa to the latest news from the White House. In reply to a question from t>e reporter he said : "I received a dispatch from Washing ton at 12.30 to day, which gave a very encouraging and hopeful view of the President's condition and prospects. I still hope thnt this intelligence is true?" "What WS5 your impression rvheu you first received the nows ?" "I received Saturday the information of the attempt to assassinate the Presi dent with incredulity, which soon changed into horror !" "What did you think of it from a na tional point ot view?" "This: Our young American civiliza tion and our system of electivo constitu tional government cannot afford tho fre quent re?ut renco of attempts to change tne administration of government and the possession of individual political [tower by the act ot an nfnassiu. I don't mean to say that our fifty millions of people can ir. any way be made respon sible for the crime of a single integer of that vast aggregate. Of course such nets may happm in any country or any age, but tho consequences aro none tho lesa calculated to fill with dismay and disgust tho whole community, and to weaken the confidence in a system like our own, where they are lesa excusable than any where else in the world." "What effect do vou think the attempt will have?" "At present wc, are all filled not only with concern for thc public effect* of such u crime, but with sympatny lor the dis tinguished victim, bis family and his im mediate friends. It is too early to mor alize upon the subject, but two things aro so obvious that they cannot escape con sideration oven now. The first is thc great peril that attends tho enormous and increasing power of the chief executive mr.gi.-tracy. it udurcases temptations too strong for public safety to the inter ests and,passions of millions of persons." "Do you refer to tho civil service?" ; Tartly only. More particularly titi*: < Tne putting up periodically at the end of I every four years of tho vast poner of the j government of fifty millions of people, tbo enormous expenditure that it involves and the redistribution of the one hun dred thousand officers at a raffle in which the whole people actively participate, munt be fruitful of evils yet unseen. Civil commotions, fraud and violence are tho uatoral results." "What is the second consideration to which you referred ?" "The second ono perhaps grows out of tho first. It is the unbounded licentious ness that characterizes our parly compe titions and political dissensions, the as sassination of private character, and the unscrupulous methods resorted to to in fluence the public judgment. All good men of all parties ought to do their ut most to limit and restrain these mis chiefs. The undue stimulus to mad passions arms the band of tho eccentric indi-idus! who assumes to himself to work out resulta perhaps under the insane ambition for a notoriety of infamy. But I turn from the subject with a feeling that now when every public sensibility and every private sympathy ia deeply wounded I am not equal to drawing the lessons which tho deplorable event sug gests to our people. Let ua hope that President Garfield's recovery will reduce to a minimum the public evils of his as sassination, whilo it will remove the weight of the private bereavement which fills r*i all with concern and sympathy." As to tho Political Aspect. Thc American republic never stood so ; near to being without a bend at all as it , is at present. , The failure of tho last Senate to elect . a president pro tem. has left, with Gur< ? field dead, but ono life between the gov* | ernment and anarchy. If Mr. Arthur, , after Garfield's death, were to dio or be killed by railroad accideut on the way to the Capital, or be in any way ineligible, there is no power that could take tho reins of government. The law says that ' tho president pro tem. of the Senate ' shall become President if the President ' and Vice President die-and if the pres- ( dent pro tom should dio the speaker of < the house shall succeed him. it will ba I seen therefore that four lives arc thus put 1 against anarchy. But at present there ' is no President, pro tem, the scnato hav- < ing failed to elect, and there is no speak- 1 er of the house, tho term of the last house ] having expired, and the new house not - having yet elected a speaker. If the 1 President dies-and ho will doubtless be ' dead before this reaches the public, tho > life of Chester A. Arthur will be all that 1 from now until December will stand bp- \ tween government and anarchy. Of 1 course, we uso the word "anarchy" in its | technical sense only, for the patriotism of the country would find some honorable 1 and peaceable way out of the troublo. The writer remembers to have heard, ' while in New York during tho winier, a 1 curious rumor as to why the democrats ' did not elect a President pro-tern, and gives it as ho heard it : ' Mr. Bayard as the senior, had the ! right to tao Presidency pro-tem., if ho 1 wished to insist upon it. Mr. Bayard is 1 known to be a very poor presiding officer 1 while Mr. Harris, ot Tennessee, is a very ' fine one. The democrats, in caucus, 1 therefore suggested Mr. Harris as the ! 1 proper name for the nlace-believing 1 that Mr. Bayard would withdraw bia 1 claims. He insisted, however, that be ! had the right and would stand by it. i The democrats, disliking to vote him out ' by force, and yet unwilling to give up so I fine a presiding officer as Mr. Harris for 1 so poor a one as Mr. Bayard, kept post- 1 poning the election from day to day un til the senate adjourned. Mr. Arthur * was very bitterly hostile to Bayard, and 1 did all he could to hinder and postpone j his election. When the senate next meeta, provided \ that republicans are elected in place of Conkling and Platt from New York, it ' will stand 38 to 38. It will have no 1 President. The President will of course I be named by thc democrats as they will 1 organize before the two New York sena- i tors are sworn in. When they are sworn 1 in the vote will be a tie, aa the President, 1 being al.-o a senator, will vote on all 1 questions. This will bea complote dead- ' lock on all party questions. Thc suggestion arises aa to Whether. 1 under the new condition of things, the democratic caucus will adhere to its choice of Mr. Harris for President of the senate. He was chosen by the caucus when there were two lives between him and the Presidency and the contingency ufhis succession was too small to bo con sidered. His parliamentary skill was therefore made the only requisite. The President elect of the senate now, however, becomes next to the President. If Mr. Arthur should die or resign, the democratic President of the senate would become President. This contin gency, unless it is cut short by realiza tion, will last over three years and a half i -making the chances so great that they should be considered. The Assassin's Cool Bearing. WASHINGTON, July 3.-The old dis trict jail, tn which the conspirators against President Lincoln and Secretary Soward were confined, has been long since destroyed. The present district jail, io which Guiteau is confined, ia one of Mullen's atructures, a building of the dark red Seneca Bandstone, once so much in vogue in the district, about a mile east of the Capitol, on the eastern branch of the Potomac. There has been no demonstration of any kind about tho jaii, but in view of tho excited orate of the public the authorities have taken measures to protect it in case of any out break of mob violence. As an additional protection they also refuse to give the number of the cell or part of tho jail in which Guiteau is confined. Ho was brought to tho jail at about half-past 10 o'clock last night. Deputy Warden McGill, who received him, says bis man ner waa not excited, and his nerves seemed to be in completo control. When taken into hi? cell he touk off his coat, threw himself down on the bed, and begau reading a newspaper. Ho ate his supper, and didn't display any lack of appetite. He had little to aay to any of tb? officers, but declared that what ho had done he had been compelled to do by God Almighty. Chiuf Brooks of tho Secret Service came to sec bim at 12 o'clock, and re mained for nearly two hours conversing with him. He said to Mr. Brooks: "Docs the President suffer much ?" Mr. Brooks replied : "He is suffering very much indeed." Guiteau said : "I am sorry, very sorry ] indeed that he suffers. I wish I bad put I another ball into him. Th?? ?reuld hare ended his Buffering quickly." To Chief Brooks' inquiries aa to his motives, Guiteau also replied that he had been compelled todo as he had done by God Almighty. He waa sorry for President Garfield, but the beat way to 'ave the Republican party was to put Mr. Arthnr at tho head of affairs. He further said in the collrae of ?La conver sation, that nothing that Mr. Brooks c. -lil aay could disturb him in his belief that he had acted for the boat. He re marked liiis morning that he could not get to aleep until 3 o'clock, because bis bed was so bard. He had his breakfast, and seemed perfectly calm and undi? tu rlicd in manner. Tbe warden has been instructed not to allow any one to ace I him without an order from Col. Cork-hill, ' the district attorney, or Cbief Brooks. I No undi order baa been granted. This morning Guitesu modo a request ! for an interview with Col. Cork hill.-- ! Col. Ccrkhill arrived about noon, and ' remained with him for about three hours, i Col. Corichill said, on coming out of his : cell : "He tn!ked very freely to me, but I am not at liberty to make public what ? be said." I "Did he say( whether or not he bad any ?cccrnpiiCc? < "He told mo a long story, tho partial- j lars of which I intend to verify before I allowing it to be made public. In the I interest of justice I must keep the mat ter from the public for the present." "Did he tell you," asked the corres Sondent, "bow it was that after having eeo ejected ircm his buarding-bouse for non-payment of board, he was able to frocure the money to stop at the Higgs louse, ride akmt in r hack, und to pur chase revolvers?" "He explained everything to me," said Ibo Colonel, "and in due time it will be made public. More I cannot say now." "Are any moro arrests likely to he made ?" "I reckon not." "Waa his manner composed and ra tional?" "Just as much so as yours or mine." Getting into a cab, Col. Corkhill drove lo police headquarters, and afterward bad a long consultation with Attorney Gen eral MacVeagh. One of the deputy rrardous of the Jail in positive that hu recognizes io Guiteau a man who, about len days ago, came out to tho jail and iras shown through it at his request. Was Ualteau Insane! WABHINOTON, July ?.-Colonel Cook, '.asistan t United States attorney, who bas had a long experience in criminal cases, has no faith in the alleged insanity of L?uiteau. He has given the case careful Hudy, has read all tho letters and papers prepared by tho prisoner in explanation >f his crime, and says he fails to find any indication of insanity. "All tho facts, mid Cul. Cook, "point unmistakably to Lhe formation of deliberate plans by a well-ordered mind to assassinate tho President. It does not follow because mus far no motive for tbe shooting has been discovered that the man is iusane. An insane man would have blindly mado die nssault, without deliberate planning Tor evading arrest amt that careful solic itude about escaping the vengeance of the people which was exhibited by Guitcuu. l'be purt of the prisoner's conduct, such ns his exclamation when arrested and his letters to various public meu, was a part >f his well-ordered plans, ami was adop ted to suggest and encourage the idea of insanity. Col. Cook's belief as to the sanity of lhe prisoner is confirmed by another promiucnt lawyer of Washington, who ts reported as saying : "I have bad years nf experience in criminal coses, and in Lbe varied phases of insanity which criminal trials bring out, and 1 tell you this man Guitean is not insane, lhat theory will not hold. There never was ? more coolly planned, premeditated zrime committed. Why, look you, the fellow calculated the danger he would invito at the hands of an outraged pop ulace. He dreaded the mob, and coolly prepared to avoid falling into the bands sf tho people. He went down and ex amined the jail to see if, once withio its walls, he would be safe from popular in iignation. Immediately alter shooting the President he expressed bin readiness to go to jail, and urged the officers to burry bim down, saying he did not want Lo fall into the hands of tho people. The letter he waa so anxious to get to Gen. Sherman urged him to send troops to guard the jail. Tho mao dreaded the populace, mid in taking the steps he did to avoid ibe HU ni mary vengeance of the people he showed conclusively that he is entirely sane. Insanity does not con template thc risk and coolly plau to avoid it. Insanity is not capable of such ?U accurate calculation of danger-for tbe danger of being mobbed for such nu ant is the chief one-and cf so BVbteuiut ically planning to escape it. No, sir; that man is as snno as you or I, and he is legally responsible for the act. Should the Presideut die Guitcau should be in dicted to-morrow, tried Tuesday, and executed Wednesday, but before his ex ecution be should bo forced to divulge tbe names of bis confederates in this conspiracy." Garfield's Remarks on tho Assassina tion of President Lincoln. The official report In tho Congressional Recotd of Saturday, April 14, 18G5, re cites that Mr. Garfield, in thc House of Representatives, after prayer by Chaplain Boynton, moved to dispense with the reading of the Journal, and eaid : "Mr. Speaker, I desire to move that this Houso do now adjourn. And beforo the vote upon that motion is taken, I desire to say a few words. This day, Air. Speaker, will'be sadly memorable so long as this nation shall endure, which God grant may be 'till the last syllable of recorded time,' when the volume of human history shall be sealed up and delivered to tbe Omnipotent Judge. In all future time, on the recurrence of thin day, I doubt not that the citizens of this republic will meet in solemn assembly to reflect on thft life and character of Abraham Lin coln, and tho awful tragic event of April 14, 1865-an event unparalleled in the history of nations, certainly unparalleled in our own. It is eminently proper that this House should this day place upon ils record a memorial of that event." After a brief eulogy upon the late Presi dent, and a pathetic allusion to the cir cumstances nf bis death, Mr. Garfield concluded : "It was no one man who killed Mr. Lincoln ; it was the embodied spirit of treason and slavery, inspired with fearful nnd despairing hate, that struck him down in tbe moment of tho nation's supremest joy. Ab, sir, there are times in the history of men and na tions whore they stand r.o near the veil that separates mortals from the immor tals, time from eternity and men ftom their God, that they can almost hear the beatings and feel the pulsations of tbe heart of the infinite. Through such H limo bas this nation passed. When 250,000 bravo spirits pasncd from the field of honor through that thin veil to the presence of God, and when at last its paning folds admitted the martyr Presi-1 dent to the company of the dead heroes j of the Republic, the nation stood to near tu? Vc?? thai the whispers of God wero heard by the children of men. Awe stricken by His voice, the American people knelt in tearful reverence and mnae a solemn covenant with Him and with each other that this nation should bo saved from itu enemies ; that all it? glories should be restored, and on tho ruins of slavery and treason the temples of freedom and justice should be built ami should survive forever. It remains for un, consecrated by that great event, nnd under a covenant with God, to keep that faith, to go forward in the great work until it shall bc completed. Fol lowing tho lead ot that great man, and obeying the high behests of God, let us remember that lie has rounded forth a trumpet that shall never call retreat ; He is silting out the hearts of tuen before Ills judgment seat. Be swift, my soul, to answer him ; he jubb lant, my feet, For Cod is marching on.' " At the conclusion of this peroration thc Houso silently adjourned. How Konth Carolina Should be Repre* ' tented at the Allanta Exposition. !. By a largo delegation of practical farmers and mechanics. All kinds of improved farm machinery for cultiva ting, picking, ginning, packing and pro parution of colton will bc on exhibition. Our farmers should be present lo exam ine every invention, and prepared to accept such ns will enable them to han dlo their crops in the most profitable manner. Machinery for thc manufac ture cf cotton lubrica will comprise a largo portion of the Exposition, and our machinists should be there to avail them selves of this grand opportunity for in vestigating BUCII machinery as will, in tho ucitr future, bo necessary for usc in South Carol ina cotton factories. 2. Our factories should have samples of all their goods nicely arranged in cases, forwarded to tho Department of Agriculture, to be placed on exhibition. This exhibit would be ampio evidence of our ability to compete villi cotton man ufactures in other sections. 3. In tho exhibitions to bo made by the Department of Agriculture, maps, churls, plats, and drawings of all the line water-powers of tho State should occupy a prominent position. Capital ists will visit tho Exposition for tho pur pose of making investments, anti we should he ready to show them tho advan tages offered by South Carolina, It is well known that tho water-power of the Stato is scarcely excelled by that of any other portion of tho Union. Tho De partment should be prepared to furnish full information as to these water-powers, terms on which they can be utilized, owners of thc property and their exact location. Parties owning or controlling such sites should communicate with tho Commissioner of Agriculture without delay. 4. Every South Carolina invention for any purpose should bc placed in tho State Department, where it will attract freucral nttention and benefit tho inven tor. 5. A full and complote display of our agricultural products. Nothing will so tend to impress tho strangor with our importance, agriculturally, as a good ex hibit of this character. Buckwheat from tho mountains, cotton aud the cereals from thc middle country, and oranges and nananne from the coast, will be strong evidence of our diversified Boil and clim ate, and provo that our State will answer the wauta of all classes of people. G. An exhibition of our phosphates and minerals. Tho discovery und partial development of our phosphate beds has added thousands of dollars to the reve nue of the State, and a larger investment of money will correspondingly increase tho State's income. Wo have valuable mines of gold, silver, iron, lead copper, ?sa, within oiir borders. We need capi tal to dovelopo them. Wc can adopt no better method for attracting it than by a good exhibit of mineral specimens. 7. We should have samples of all our native woods. The exhaustion of walnut is only a question of time, and our oak and some other varieties will ho substi tuted. The importation of tho pine is already a great uiduatry. Wo have very many useful varieties of wood for build i ncr aud ornamental purposes, and each year they are becoming more valuable. | 8. Rough uud polished speck-ir na of j marblo uud granite and samples of kaolin should be exhibited. Tho gran tte of Fairfield county is said to he thc finest in the United Sta.cs. Tho supply is inexhaustible, and wo need capital lo opeu tnese immenso quurrics to their fullest extent. Tho kaolin is now largely used in the manufacture of pottery, door knobs, ?fcc. ; and if we can establish fac tories lor its manufacture at hume, it will bo of great benefit lo ali the people of tho State. 9. Wo should have samples of wool from ul I thc breeds of sheep grown in South Carol i nu. The Department boa frequent inquiries for laud suitable for sheep raising. Many people will visit tlie Exposition to ascertain the beut lo cality for this purpose. Wo need to show them that sheep husbandry can be mudo prof.'.able here. The samples of wool, together with thu information wo propose to publish, will greatly aid in accomplishing this object. 10. Nothing would add more largely to the attractiveness of our exhibition than a rino collection of native fruits, vines and vegetables. Already there is a bright prospect for canning establish mcnis in the State. To induce parties to invest their money in such enterprises we must show them we have the material for thc work. It is universally acknowl edged that our fruits and vegetables can be preserved here ut les* cost mid sold ut ?router profit thau to ship them abroad, n our desire tu engage in the larger in dustries the smaller should not bc over looked. "A diversified industry is a nation's prosperity." 11. All parties having lands for sale should register them in the Commission er's office, and if they contain minerals, or have fiae water powers on them, ?I should bo so stated, in order that wu may givo definite answers to parties seeking information. . ? The collection of these specimens of minerals, agricultural products, ?fcc., should be begin, al once. Thc time is short for so largo a work, and it should not bo delayed. The Exposition will be nf great benefit to our State. It will give a tremendous impetus to all South ern industries, it will greatly aid in the development of tho resources of the Southern Slates, aud generally prove beneficial to ull classes of our people. A failure to make a good exhibition by Sou'.h Carolina will be attributed to au inability to do so, and we cannot afford lo suffer such an imputation cast upon a Stato possessing boundless resources. We have talked long enough of our ad vantages. Wo want to show the practi cal evidence of what we have claimed, and prove that our assortions have not been an idlo boast. We trust that every citizen of South Carolina will feel a deep interest in this matter, and that each county will make the best possible ex hibit. The Press of the Stute hos given, and is giving us valuable assistance, and WC moko duo acknowledgement of tho same. Wo appeal to tho newspapers to continue their efforts in this direction, and no South Carolinian will be ashamed of his StateV exhibit.-Slate Agricultural Report for July. - Tho depopulation of Ireland as shown by thu British census is astonish ing. In the pa?t forty years tho popula tion has decreased moro than S.OOO.UUO, 8omo hamlets aro absolutely deserted, Tho Village of Knock, where tho Virgin Mary is said to ba*f.*i appeared, has de clined from 600 in pop :.. - .~- '?t?t lhan 80. In some pirlanes there are os many people In tho poorhouse as out of It News ii nd Gossip. j - The tnan of loud professions is gen ! er?Uy the mr.o of littlo deeds. j - If sonia folks had theil way about I this world how few people could live ? com fe tably in it! - Last yeur North Carolina spent : $337,000 for education, while Ohio bas . anent during the same time over $8,000, . 000. ?So says the Wilmington Star. - Secretary Liucoiu, who hus charge of the $100,000 appropriation for tho j Yorktown Centennial Monument, will order the work to be begun immediately. - Professor Proctor has indicated bis belief that n comet will destroy the earth i in about a million years. Few of us, : however, can afford to wait sn long as tbat. -A man who helps to circulate a piece of gossip is as bad tts the ono wi o I originated it. To put your dst into a tar barrel and then go round shaki.ig hand? with everybody is what some people) like i to do. ! - Wiuter, which strips the leaves from ?around us, makes us seethe -.staut re.* j ginns they formerly concealed ; so does j old ugo rob us of our enjoyments only to ? enlarge the prospect of thc eternity' be ! fore us. - There is nothing like being properly ' armed nnd equipped for the battles of i life. Still, few are in the hnpp> sundi* ? tion of th? Tri.tb ni an who sent a letter to i n friend sr.ying^ that while ho was writing I he had a pistol in both hands and a sword j in the other. - It is not the fashion for ladle? to kiss each other by way of friendly salu tation now. They only touch each other's finger tips, faintly murmur, "So glad to see you" and pass on. There is no longer any danger of their complexion being kissed off in spots. - True love contains all the elements - of self sacrifice. Love that pines, and whines, and envies, and feels spiteful at euery attention not lavished on itself and . its own gratification is not love at all, although it goes so often by the name, and is mistaken for it. - A negro man named Tom Temple ton was kicked to d?ath by a mule lost week on tbe plantation of Dr. Shands, in Laurens county, while watering the mule. Templeton's foot got entangled in tbe harneia, and tbe mule took fright and ran, dragging the negro about half a mile, during which ho was kicked to death. - General John B. Gordoa left the United States Senate to earn a living for his family. He seems to have found pretty fuir scratching. With fifteen months bo bas organized a railroad 476* miles long, with $10,500,000 capital, every cent of which in subscribed, aaa stocked a coal mine at $100,000, the cap ita! of which is secured. - One of the most admirable and suc cessful enterprises in Edgefield county at present ts the great peach raising and ?each shinning buniness done by Mr. TX. !. Wats, n of Ridge Spring. Already this Bummer he has shipped and sold ?roches to the amount of nearly $2,000. [e has thirty acres in this delicious fruit -3, treen. Of these, however, ouly 1,000 are bearing. - Tho arrivals of immigrants in New York during 1880 exceeded thc JO of any 1 previous year, but for the first six months nf 1881 this year ia 64,513 ahead of last year. We have received at New York alotie this year 241.408 immigrant?, which is at the rate of nearly half a million a year. K.-pt up for ten years that source of growth would give us 5,000,000 of new. population at the next census. - He was a batchelor, had traveled extensively, and could speak any lan* guage, dead or alive ; but when he re* turned home the otbor day, and talked ' to his sinter's baby, nnd, when it cried and wa* pacifia) by its mother Baying; "Did his naughty wauty uncle wuncie come homey womey ?nd searcy ware; my little puteey wutaey," bo just leaned over thc back of the chair and wept. - Another Nib il ?Ht manifesto has been issued, this time roundly accusing tho Russian government nf applying torture. - to tbe murderers of the fate Czar. It was, it is naid, because of tho dreadful sufferings inflicted on them that thc con vict.'? were unable to stand under the' gallows at their execution. Moreover, lt is asserted that Russakoff declared to the crowd immediately before his death that he and his fellow-prisoners bad been tortured, although bo could do so only in the briefest manner, because of tito beating of tho drums. - Mr. John Burnsido, of Louisiana, who died at tbo Greenbriar White Sui pbur Springs, Va., on Juno 2D, was the largest sugar planter in tbe United States. He annually expended fully $500,000 in New Orleans in tho purchase of planta? lion supplies. At toe time of his last attack of sickness he waa arranging to have built on his new place in Aaceneion farish a sugar bouse to cost $100,000. n 1870-80 the plantations now included in the estate of Mr. Burnside produced 5,373 hogsheads of sngar and 9,074 bar rel? if molasses, worth about $600,000. - There is a captivo bear ut the Ar ica usas Hot Springs which finds cccasiun* al solace in a bottle of beer proffered by some good natured person. A recent visitor, who bad been much amused at seeing bruin draw the cork and drink from the bottle with evident satisfaction, determined to treat as often as the bear desired, taking a glass himself for even* bottle which thc captive put under his belt. At the end of two hours the man had succumbed to nineteen glasses and was borne away on a shutter, whilo the bear strolled back and forth at the end of his chain with a serene and benevo lent expression upon his countenance. - A dispatch from Savannah, Go., dated 4th instant, says : "This evening there is a seusatinn and excitement oc casioned by the discovery of the remnini of a white man packed in an ice chest in an unoccupied small house lo tbe itu mediate vicinity of Broughton street The placo has beeu vacant for thro months, lt was occupied by two for eiguera, Parv-n sn*? Parrrg-, ftj??t: ers. The renr-ins wero identified by thi clothing, Ac, as Stephen Cnpello, an oh Italian vendor of linas-*?*, who ii tsoTi: to nave had about $2,000 in cash, am was last seen with Parvin, nnd said h was r-.oing away for a month. It is sop po**.'!, that he was murdered by the tw < men for his money a?d then pocked I the chest. Parvio paid one month's re? in ad vaneo for the hooso in March, st* ting that they would return lu a fo< i weeks and wanted to retain the bous? . This was done to prevent the discover of their crime beforo thev w?re aafel . away. Yesterday tho bouse was /end . and thc discovery wa? made white lt wi i being cleaned op. There was o cord th . tightly around tue murdered man's net i and three stabs were found on his bod ' Tbe Coroner bas commenced au iuv??l J gation of the case."