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E. B* MtTRBAY, Editor. THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 5, 1877. Capt. W. C. Coker, the Democratic nominee in Darlington County for State Senator to succeed Whittemore, was elec * ted almost without opposition. He is a gentlemen of fine abilities, and will be a valuable addition to the Democratic ranks in the State Senate. He is a gradu? ate of the South Carolina College, and practiced law in Darlington for a few years ailer the war, but has since been merchandising at Society Hill in that county. The United States still manifests a dis? position to acquire territory, and now has its eye on Cuba and part of Mexico, in both of which plans we sincerely hope our government may make a complete failure. Neither Cuba nor Mexico is worth the trouble which would be inci? dent to its government, and we are firm in the belief that no government ought to acquire additional territory until it governs what it already has in a proper manner. Let us give our attention to protecting the States and Territories we now hare, and after that has been ac? complished it will be soon enough to speak of annexation. The News and Courier intimates that the late act of the Legislature authorizing the Governor to satisfy judgments in favor of the State was intended to enable Governor Hampton to secure the presence of Nilcs G. Parker in South Carolina to testify against D. H. Chamberlain, and also intimates that a movement is on foot to bring the ex-Governor back to Colum? bia for trial on important charges. We presume ihe special investigating com? mittee are looking into Mr. Chamberlain's history, and when they progress a little further perhaps the Governor may feel constrained to insist by a requisition, upon the return of his predecessor. We would be glad to see the departed Daniel return under such circumstances. Mr. Key, the Tennessee Democrat who went into Mr.- Hayes' Cabinet to help build up the much talked of "third party," has proven himself rather a poor disorganizer of the Democracy, and as a result of this disclosure, he will be pro? vided with another place, probably the Supreme Court Judgeship, to make room for a more useful man in the Cabinet. The President has the elephant in the appointment of Key. He cannot dismiss him from office, for that would be to ac? knowledge the sham of his pretences in the appointment, hence he has to look, out another office for him, and no doubt thinks a judicial office the best to sacri? fice, as the judges are not, as a class, use? ful politicians. Mr. Key has to be gotten out of the Cabinet at any cast, to make room for ex-Postmaster General Tyner, who is a very fine Republican reform wire puller. The true inwardness of the last cam? paign is gradually coming to light. It has transpired as an open secret in Wash? ington that two certificates of deposit for $b,000 each were made payable to R. B. Hayes out of the Republican campaign fund, and that they were drawn by his endorsement. It has also been said that Mr. Hayes received .other suras from the same source, and thus, for the first time in the nation's history, we have a Presi? dent who has helped to spend the cam? paign fund raised to elect him. We have no right to conclude that Mr. Hayes appropriated this money to his own use, but then it raises questions which ought not to be asked concerning our President Was the sum spent in helping to buy his election under one form or another? Whether Mr. Hayes spent this money properly or not, he showed by handling it a disregard for the etiquette of former canvasses, and brought himself down to the level of the ward politician, who is entrusted with large ?ums of money to advance the interests of the party to which he belongs. Mr. Hayes was pushed to carry Ohio, but he should never have consented to take part in the expenditure of money to advance his election to tlje Presidency. Some time since, John B. Hubbard, the notorious Revenue Detective and United States Marshal, on a raid into Pickens County, behaved, as usual, in a most outrageous and defiant manner, breaking up guns without cause, cursing and abusing persons, and finally got into a difficulty with Mr. J. M. Potter, who he greatly abused by personal violence. A warrant was issued for him on a charge of assault and battery with intent to kill, but the Sheriff of Pickens County was prevented from arresting him by a United States Lieutenant, who stated that as Hubbard was a revenue officer he could not be arrested by the State authorities, and thus the rascal was allowed to escape. The warrant, however, was forwarded to Columbia, and Trial Justico Marshall had him arrested, and, in default of bail in the sum of five hundred dollars, com? mitted him to jail. He will be brought to Pickens and tried for his outrageous conduct, after which he will no doubt learn that the time for such high-handed defiance of law and propriety as he has been living from for the past eight years has ended. Public officers are as much bound to obey the laws as any individual, and Hubbard is a capital .subject to give the first lesson to. We congratulate him in getting at last on the road to the place where he has so long deserved to have his abode which is inside of prison doors. Lieutenant Governor Dorsheimer, of New York, informs the Democracy of the Union that Mr. Tilden was opposed to the Electoral Commission Bill, but the general verdict of the country is that Mr. Tilden is rather late about making his opposition known. Indeed, we believe that ninety-nine out of every hundred Democrats think now that they were op? posed to the Electoral Bill, but such posthumous opposition is not apt to ac? complish much. If Mr. Tilden had at the time of the pendency of the bill announced his opposition to the meas? ure, and assumed the high and cor? rect position that he was elected and intended to have the office, Mr. Hayes would never have obtained the appella? tion of the Fraudulent President, and Mr. Tilden would have been in the While House to-day. A little of such talk at Washington as was indulged by Gover? nors Hampton and Nicholls, and their followers in South Carolina and Lou* isiana, would have reaped for the De? mocracy the fruits of the national victory they won. We do not blame Mr. Tilden and every honest man iil America for denouncing the infamy of the commis? sion, but if they expressed no opposition to the commission before its organization it is folly to say now that they were op? posed to the bill creatiug it. The Dem? ocratic party has been swindled and cheated but it is not dead by any means. On the contrary it is marching oh to aU most certain victory in 1880, at which time we will have a presidential nominee who knows the rights of his party and who will dare maintain those rights de? spite the machinations of weak kneed Democrats and crafty Republicans. Mr. Tilden would make a magnificent Presi? dent, but before he can ever get another nomination he must convince his party that he will find out his opposition to measures in future before they are exe? cuted, and further that he will not cringe from asserting and maintaining the rights of the party which nominates him. The administration of President Mc Mahon in France is determined to carry the country against the Republicans. The Prefect has discontinued the Council of one of the towns of France and substi | tuted a commission for the purpose of [ carrying the election in it. There is every indication that fraud and tamper? ing with the ballot boxes will be resorted to to secure an administration victory. The republic is on trial, and if the ad? ministration is sustained, it is only a question, of a short time, for the organiza? tion of the De Broglie Cabinet means the erection if possible ofsomeformof monarchy. The Couucil of Ministers on last Saturday decided upon a time for holding the elections, but refuse to make their decision known, though it is thought they have agreed ou August the 5th as the day of election, and only de? sire to withhold its publication in order to prevent the organization of the oppo? sition. The friends of the Republic, however, are led by the great and illus? trious M. Thiers, and are organizing for a determined stand against the adminis? tration. The sympathy of all Americans, and, indeed, of all advocates of self-gov? ernment, should be with M. Thiers and his party, who are striving to avert the evils threatened by corrupt and ambitious leaders. Nothing decisive has occurred during the past week in the Russio-Turkisb war. Fighting has been indulged in to a con? siderable extent, and many in both armies have been killed. About sixty thousand Russians are over the Danube, and a fight has been progressing at Sis tova, with disadvantage to the Russians. The latter have destroyed Rustchuck by bombardment, and the Turks arc said to be laying waste Bulgaria, one of their own Provinces, for the purpose of falling back and leaving the Russians a barren country to subsist upon. The Russians are more active ard better officered than the Turks, and their progress into the Ottoman dominions will probably be rapid. Although "Holy War" has been declared, the Sultan of Turkey has not up to this time assumed command of his forces. The Russians are elated by vic? tory, while the Turks are depressed by defeat. There is very little prospect that any of the European powers will at pres? ent interfere. They will allow Russia to whip Turkey if she can, but after the war is over if Russia attempts to take any territory she will have a harder fight for it than that which is now going on with Turkey. The policy of Russia will probably be to divide Turkey up into small independent governments, and trust in the future to be able to annex them to her territory. IMPORTANT MOVEMENT. ? - The Charleston papers have been urg? ing the necessity of closer connection be? tween Charleston and the interior of the State in point of the time consumed in travel, with a view of increasing the busi? ness of that city. The News and Courier of last Saturday contains a very excellent article in advocacy of quick time, and if the business men of Charleston would rally to its assistance, we have no doubt that sufficient influence could be brought to bear upon the railroad authorities to induce the desired short schedule. If the trip from the up-country to Charles? ton only required from twelve to fifteen hours, the advantages would soon be as? certained. Places are not measured so much by distance now as by the time be? tween them, and, in this respect, even Richmond is as near to us as Charleston. This distance in time has done much to divert trade to other places, and almost amounts to a prohibition of subscription to the Charleston daily papers, for Co? lumbia, Atlanta and Charlotte are from twelve to twenty-four hours ahead, while Richmond is as near, and New York is only fifteen hours later in getting its papers to us than Charleston. There is no doubt that the business of our City by the Sea would be greatly benefitted by securing a circulation of their papers throughout the whole State. If the city of Charleston can induce the adoption of a short schedule to Walhalla and inter? mediate places, and then get favorable freight rates for all points, its business with the interior could easily be doubled. We speak what we know from daily ob? servation in this section, and do not flat? ter when we say that our people have the kindest feelings for Charleston, and de? sire to trade with her merchants as far as possible. State pride and self-interest prompt us to this course, but the busi? ness of the up-country has in a large measure been transferred to other points on account of the injudicious railroad policy, which, by slow connections and high freights, has amounted to a most serious restriction of this trade, which should be so valuable to Charleston and so advantageous to us. We hope at no distant day to see a policy adopted by the South Carolina Railroad which will be broad and just to all sections and shaped in the true interests of Charles? ton, so as to bring about as far as possi? ble the thing most greatly needed to secure a return of the greatest possible prosperity to our State, which is the establishment of trade wherever it is practicable between Carolinians, which would keep our money at home in many cases where it is almost gratuitously transferrrd to Northern markets. FENCING "IN" VS. FENCING "OUT/5 The fach that We nre soon to vote in Anderson Oo?ilty upon the proposition to change fche system of fencing which has beeil p?rs?ed i? ?OUth Carolina from its early settlement to the present time, induces us to present a few thoughts to our readers this week in advocacy of the change. We do not expect nor desire our citizens to support the measure with? out first carefully considering its advisa? bility, and therefore we believe there ought to be the fullest and most unpreju? diced discussion of its merits ahd demer itsv A system which has prevailed for more than a century ought not to be lightly overthrown, but if after mature deliberation a better plan of fencing than our present one can be discovered, every one ought to be not only willing, but anxious to adopt it. Many of the old customs of life have given place to mod? ern progress, A traveler would scarcely go from here to New York by stage be? cause that was the old way of locomo? tion; neither would he take passage across the ocean on a sail vessel because it is the ancient manner of navigation. The same principle is applicable to every department of human action. Men are always willing to do what is best, and old systems are constantly giving place to new and improved ones. It should apply to our fencing as well as to any other subject, and if it is shown to be better to ff nee in stock than to fence them out, every voter chould assist in adopting the change in the law necessary to secure the advantag Assuming, then, that every voter is actuated by the desire to ascertain what is best for the whole County upon this important sub? ject, we shall endeavor to address what? ever we may have to say on it to the reason and not to the prejudice nor pas? sion of our leaders. The original settlers of South Carolina came, as is known by all, from England, where the enclosure of lands to prevent the trespassing of stock has not been practiced for very many years, if it ever was done, ana when they reached Amer? ican soil they would no doubt have enacted laws requiring the fencing up of cattle had they been allowed to frame their own legislation, but on arriving here they found themselves under the dominion of a British Lord, who gave such local laws as suited his interests, and we may rest assured that these laws were framed, not for the interest of the poor man, but for the rich and more influential. Only the wealthy at that time had cattle, and as they were no* engaged in agriculture to any considerable extent, they were will? ing enough to make their tenants fence in all crops in order to allow their 3tock to run upon the fine pastures the country then afforded. At the time when the Revolution set Carolina free the system of fencing was continued as it was established in colo? nial days, because the cultivated fields were ready fenced, and there was an abundance of timber to maintain fences for a long time, and the pasture lands were at that period in their original per? fection. Thus the system arose, and bas been continued to the present time. Is it wise longer to maintain it? We think not, for several reasons. First, the phys? ical benefits to be derived from a change of system are very valuable. The aboli? tion of our long strings of useless fenc? ing would allow our woodlands to grow up, and the fencing of cattle would give our old fields a luxuriant carpet of grass within two or three years, the result of which would, as science teaches us, in a few years increase the rainfall of our country, and thereby add to the fertility and productiveness of our soil, as well as tend to prevent extremes of temperature. That all may comprehend this we have but to illustrate by a simple example. If a person blows his breath, which is a hot current of air, upon a pane of glass, l which is a told substance, the result is that moisture is formed and settles upon its surface. So, if large forests are grow? ing in our country, when the hot currents of atmosphere are passing over in the summer they will, by coming into con? tact with the cold surface ,of forest leaves, be condensed into showers; and when our fields are growing up with grass much of the rain which falls will be retained instead of rolling off to the creeks, and the tendency of its retention and evaporation will be to lessen the ex? tremes of heat, which we sometimes have in summer, and which have been noticed to increase as the clearing up of the country has progressed. This would be of advantage to all planters by securing to some extent an increased productive? ness of the soil planted. Another of the physical bene;J.ts would be the increased healthfulness of our climate. Persons who imagine that malarial fevers arise entirely from unditched creeks and ponds make a very great mistake, for it is a matter of experience^ that these fevers have been gradually extending as the country has been cleared. If they were not caused by the clearing of timber, why is it that the mountain creeks, which frequently accumulate large quan? tities of debris, do not cause fevers? The correctness of this position is attes? ted by science, which teaches us the con? nection of the animal and vegetable kingdoms. Men in respiring give off carbon, which, if taken into the lungs again in quantity, is destructive of life. Trees and vegetable growth absorb this noxious gas, and give off in large quan? tities oxygen, which is most neccessary for man. Of course, we do not mean to say that malarial fevers cannot exist where there if. a growth of forest, but we do believe that they would be very rare, and only to be found where evident causes overbalance the proper equilibri? um. We believe it would pay to change our fence system in order to take care of our timber, for the purpose of protecting the health of cur County, if for no other reason. Secondly, we favor the change because we believe th? necessities of the country demand it. Another century, yes, an? other fifty years, of such destruction of timber as has been practiced in the same period of the past to keep up our pres? ent system of fencing, will place this State in a very deplorable condition. There will be very great scarcity of tim? ber, and it 'ill be almost impossible then either to keep up a pasture fence or to obtain firewood. If we are wise these things must be considered. We have no coal fields convenient to our section of country, aud if our timber should give oui, fifes Would become a Very expensive item. *r3veii if c?ai fbf fitel co?id be had at reasonable figures along our railroad liiieS) ollf farmers would find it very ex? pensive and troublesome to haul it to their homes. The injudicious destruc? tion of timber has already made this County almost destitute of board trees, and a few more years of waste will ren? der the purchanc of boards ? 3hingles to cover houses a considerable item to our farmer*. The prescht laiid-oWriers may have enough timber* td last during their life timcj but do they wish to Use It ail up and leave their children and grand? children nothing but land, without even firewood or a board tree on it? If we wish to provide for the future prosperity of this country, the stock law is a neces? sity, and the sooner it is put into action the better it will be for all of our ..ti zens. Thirdly, we favor the law because it will advance, we believe, the interest of landlord and tenant, of the rich man and of the poor man. It will benefit the landlord by saving his timber and ena? bling him to improve his land. It will also enable him to have more land culti? vated than he now has, and thereby in? crease his yearly income, and at the same time lessen his expense about fencing. It will benefit the tenant in several ways. He will be saved the rail splitting, haul? ing and mending necessary to keep up a long string of fencing on the landlord's premises, and can spend this time in pre? paring compost and more thoroughly preparing his land for the crop, and if this time is properly occupied he can make enough additional crop to each field hand to support one cow for a year. He could also select the best ground on the plantation without regard to having a fence around it, and thereby be greatly the gainer in many instances. He would also find that by cultivating the land now occupied by fencing he would be able to realize very handsome yields for two or three years, even without fertiliz? ing. By the best of estimates it is said that if the land now occupied by fences in this County was planted in corn it would yield enough to supply the whole County. Another way in which the ten? ant would be bencfitted is, that he would be able to sow a larger amount of small grain, for as he could plant without fenc? ing be could put in wheat and oats to a larger amount in the fall months, and oats in the spring, and then work a full crop of corn and cotton besides. The result of this would be to advance the interest of both landlord and tenant. The fear expressed by some that rent would advance is without any founda? tion, for the amount of land that could be cultivated would be increased, and as the number of tenants would be the same, the tendency would be to rent lands cheaper. The pasturage question is not so serious as it first appears, for one acre to the head of cattle properly cultivated would keep them in splendid order, and the increase of butter and milk, or of meat, would pay for the cost of keeping them up. An ordinarily good cow, if al? lowed to run at large, does not give more than a gallon of milk, and will not keep up to that amount long; but if put up and cared for it will give about three gallons a day, which would furnish milk and butter for a large family, thereby saving meat and affording better living, which would pay of itself for the trouble and cost of keeping up. Cows which run at large in a great measure exhaust themselves in hunting up poor food. If the change is adopted, the amount of stock will be reduced probably at first, but the half of what, we now have would be worth a great deal more* than all as they are. Hogs and sheep being cared for would become much more productive, and the yield from them would be much more profitable than at present. Besides all this, tenants must remember that land? owners are to furnish their stock pastur? age, and if they cannot get satisfactory terms from one man they can from an? other. It will also benefit thrifty and industrious tenants by enabling them to purchase, and become land-owners. A great many persons would be willing to sell off portions of their farms upon reasonable terms, if they had woodland enough to spare. If the fence law is changed, a tenant could then secure land for himself, and by economy for a few years save up enough to pay for it, while under the present system he cannot buy because men will not sell their timbered lands, and cleared land cannot be used now unless, it has woods sufficient to erect and maintain a fence around it. Fourthly, the change is desirable be? cause it would be of great financial benefit to our County; but as we propose writing aseparatc article upon this portion of the subject next week, we shall uot argue it in this article. Fifthly, we favor the change because it would be of social benefit by removing a fruitful source of discord between neighbors. If the fence system is changed the contentions about poor fen? ces, and the differences about joining line fences would be removed. These troubles have not been very serious in the past, but they are increasing, and will continue to increase as timber be? comes scarcer. These are some of the reasons why we advocate the change, for as will be seen from them it is a measure calculated to advance the prosperity of our whole people, without any class distinction whatever. Summer Meeting of State Grange. Master's Office, State Grange, Chappell's Depot, Newberry, S. C, June 29, 1877. A meeting of the State Grange will take place at Anderson C. H., on the 8th of August next. Members of the order are urged to attend, and the public generally are invited. There will be essays and discussions upon many sub? jects of public interest. All are invited to bring specimens of anything that may bo instructive and interesting. It is expected that the State Agricultural Society and the Anderson Agricultural Society will meet at the same time and place. A full programme will be pub? lished by Col. R. M. Sims, Secretary of Executive Committee State Grange. James N. Lipscomb, M. S. G. ? The rumor published a few days ago that Mr. James Anderson had resigned the superintendency of the Charlotte. Columbia and Augusta Railroad and Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta Rail? road to accept that of the Spartanburg and Ashcvillc Railroad has been con? firmed. His resignation takes effect on July 15. THE FENCE LAW. In sonic sections of our County the1 text of the late act of the Legislature, familiarly termed the fence law, has been made the subject of considerable com? ment and objection. That the law is de? fective in several respects cannot be de? nied, but it is no more so than the former legislation on the same question. In our opinion, however, a great deal more stress is laid upon these defects than they deservcj for if the provisions of the act are adopted by the people these defects can, and no doubt Will, to a very great extent, be corrected by the next session of the Legislature, which meets in No? vember, giving ample time to make need? ed changes before the first of January, when the new law will go into "fleet. But as the law stands now it would be as good as the old law; and to prove this we propose to answer the principal ob? jection to the form of the new act, which is, that the penalty clause is not suffi? cient to afford redress for the trespassing of stock, or, in other words, that if a man is not worth more than the home? stead a judgment against him for dama? ges would be worthless. Those who urge this objection to the law overlook the fact that they still have the right to im? pound stock for trespassing upon their lands. Now, the new act, in its sixth section, provides: The laws now of force in regard to the erection and maintenance of fences shall apply to any fence erected in pursuance of the foregoing section; and all persons disturbing or injuring said fences shall be punishable as provided in said laws. From this it will be seen that all the provisions applicable to the present fen? ces shall be applicable to the county or township fence. One of these provisions is set forth in the following, contained in the General Statutes of South Carolina, part first, chapter 50, page 273, section 2: If any horses, mules, cattle, hogs, sheep or goats, shall break iuto or be found in any field, in which shall be growing, or ungathered, any grain, cotton or vegetable production, raised for market or domestic consumption, the said field being enclosed with a lawful fence accord? ing to the provisions of this chapter, it shall be lawful for the owner of such field to seize such horses, mules, cattle, hogs, sheep or goats, and to keep them in confinement until he shall have notified, within six hours after such seizure, the owner, or his or her agent, who shall be bound to pay to the owner of such field all damages which he or she may have J sustained thereby; but if it should ap- j pear that the fence inclosing such field is not a lawful fence, then the verdict shall be for the defendant. Hence, as this provision is made ap? plicable to the county fence, all horses, &c., which break into that county fence, or are found upon any of the lands en? closed by such county or township fence, can be seized and held until the owner pays the damage they have done; and then if he refuses to pay such dam? age judgment can be obtained and the cattle sold just as can be done now, with this advantage, that the boundary line would be a lawful fence, provided the county or township fence was properly erected; and most of our fences now are not legal, and if cattle break into them we have no redress whatever. Again, a person violating the provisions of the new law would be liable to indictment for malicious trespass. Thus, it will be seen that so far as the remedy for tres? pass is concerned, it is as complete under the new as under the old law; and, in? deed, it is practically more complete. THE CHARLESTON ELECTION. The election in Charleston County for members of the Legislature to succeed the Mackey delegation, who were refused seats on account of the intimidation, fraud and corruption practiced in the election last fall by the minions of Bowen and Mackey, came off on Tuesday, the 26th of June last, and resultoxinn a com plete Democratic triumph?all of the Democratic candidates being elected almost without opposition. This shows the correctness of the decision of the House of Representatives, declaring the last election void on account of the frauds practiced, for if there had been a legitimate Republican ma? jority of eight thousand in the County last November, it would certainly have made some effort to elect the Republican ticket this time. Much credit is due the people of Charleston for the energy and decision with which they have condusted this election, and we congratulate them upon their unparalleled success. When such counties as Charleston, Darlington, Orangebnrg and Richland go Demo? cratic, the Republican corpse may indeed be said to have been buried. L. CASS CARPENTER. Another carpet-bagger has come to grief for practicing the vices which are inherent in most South Carolina Repub? licans. Senator Cochran, as chairman of the special investigating committee, took out a warrant for the individual whose name heads this article, upon a charge of forgery which will no doubt put Carpen? ter where we have long thought he and his compeers belong. It is the same old cry of altering figures in a check so as to obtain more money than was due him. He only got three thousand two hundred dollars more than was due him for adver? tising in the infamous Columbia Union some years ago, and the committee are not generous enough to pass the matter over, so this sweet Radical luminary has to face offended justice, which is a terror to men of his stripe. The following dis? patch to the News and Courier is a con? densed synopsis of the testimony taken on the preliminary examination: Columbia, June 29. The preliminary examination of L. Cass Carpenter came off before Trial Jus tice Marshall to-day. Mr. Louis E. Lc Conte appeared for the State, and Messrs. Melton and Wilkes for the defence. The members of the investigating committee were present in court. Treasurer Leaphart testified as to the identity of the warrants upon which the action was based, which were the origin? als on file in his office. The amounts as appearing in the altered warrants were $655 and $695 respectively. H. L. Tappan testified that he was clerk in the treasurer's office in 1872, at the time the warrants were paid. They were paid to Carpenter or his agent, and were for Carpenter's benefit. The re? ceipts are in his name. Woodruff and Jones testified to the genuineness of their signatures in ap? proval of the accounts upon which the warrants were paid. They could not tes? tify to the original of each or either; but admitted that they would not have ap? proval of the accouuts iu such a form for such large amounts. They believed the figures had been altered. Ml4. Jasper C. Roatb, an expert of banking experience, testified that the figures had certainly been changed, as he proved, from 55 and 95 to 6?? and 695. Two additional warrants were then pro? duced by the State, both in favor of Car? penter, and for the same work, to wit: for publishing the law relative to regula? ting insurance and licenses, and these had likewise been tampered with and in? creased from the original amount of$540 and ?720 to ?1,540 and ?1,720. The amounts in all these papers are in figures and nowhere in writing. The defence Introduced no evidence, but demanded a trial, and the case was ordered to the higher court which con? venes here next Monday. It is not like? ly that it will be heard at that time, bow ever, as the defence will ask for delay. Carpenter was admitted to bail in the sum of ?3,000, his wife and L. B. John? ston, of Sumter, being his sureties. C. McK. COMMENCEMENT AT NEWBERRY COLLEGE. Mr. Editor : The commencements of Newberry College since its location in Walhalla have annually increased in im? portance and interest, 'till now they are scarcely second to those of any institu? tion in the land. So varied and exten? sive were the exercises of the. recent commencement of this institution, that to give your readers an idea of the same would demand more space in your col? umns than you can give to such an arti? cle ; therefore, we can present them with nothing more than an epitome of the same. The exercises began June 24th, 10 a. m., with Baccalaureate Address by J. P. Smeltzer, D.D., from "Lay hold on eter? nal life/' 1st Tim. 6 :12. It was not our privilege to hear the Doctor's effort, but we are told that it abounded in irre? sistible admonition, rich thought, and precious truths. Ou the 25th, 10 a. m., the citizens of Walhalla and its visitors received a literary treat by means of an exhibition of Prof. D. B. Busby's depart? ment, consisting of declamations, dia? logues, &c, reflecting, at the same time, much credit upon Prof. B. On the 26th June, 10 a. m., C. W. Moore, A. B., de? livered an address before the Alumni Association. Subject: "The imperisha? ble nature of mental achievements." I We must express our sincere regret of/ having not yet reached Walhalla, as we! are informed that his address was replete with grand truths and practical lessons, and adorned with all the charms of rhet? oric. Tuesday, 8 o'clock p. m., Junior Exhibition. programme: "The Age and its Education."?W. J. Beard. "The Elements of a true Ruler."?J.P. Hawkins. "America."?J. B. Wengard. "Decision of Character."?W. E. Lake. "We, too, must pass Away."?J. E. Schumpert. "Live not for Yourself."?J. Q. Wertz. "Carpe Diem."?E. P. Auld. "Nil Desperandum."?J. W. Shelor. "Time Changes."?W. G. Neville. Want of space forbids me to say more than that these young men, without ex? ception, delivered their speeches with an l e and grace which reflected much credit upon them .and their instructors. On 27th June, 10 a. m., Judge Y. P. Pope, of Newberry, delivered an address before the Literary Societies. Subject: "The Power behind the Throne." Any idea concerning a throne cannot fail to interest an intelligent audience, and the Judge's extensive knowledge enabled him to present grand as well as fearful truths, which should be carefully studied and treasured by every citizen of Ameri? ca, especially the young men of our country, assuming as he did, that they, the young men, are not yet much influ? enced by the recent corruption of'bur government, and that they must soon become the corner-stones of the nation. June 27th, 8 o'clock p. m., contest! in Oratory for medal. i programme. "As the twig's bent, so's the tree in? clined."?J. B. Wengard. "Greatness?its misfortunes and suc? cesses."?Joe. Shelor. "A Good Name."?W. G. Neville. "Onward."?J. W. Daniel. "Woman."?J. H. Wilson. The speakers were introduced by the President who, after the contest, request? ed the audience to be patient for a few moments, while the committee retired to determine the most worthy competitor. during which time .the merits of each contestant were duly considered by their respective friends; but in a few moments the committee returned, and its chair? man, Judge Y. J. Pope, after an appro? priate little speech, relieved the ansious competitors and impatient audience by awarding the medal to Mr. J. H. "Wilson. Considering the classes to which these young men belong, wc have never heard better efforts. June 28, 10 a. m.?Commencement Day. At an early hour the Lutheran Church, in which the commencement ex? ercises were held, was densely crowded, all anxious to hear the speeches of the young men, who were soon to leave their "Alma Mater " and to assume gnve re? sponsibilities in different parts ,of the country. After prayer by Rev. H. W. Kughns, the President announced that the first honor was the Latin Salutatory, und the second the Valedictory. programme. "Latin Salutatory."?Geo. B. Cromer. "Devotion to the chosen Pursuit."? Stoudeumire. "The true ideal ,.f Manhood/?J. B. Boinest. "The Human Face."?J. H. Wilson. "Practical Power."?Geo. B. Cromer. "The doom of a wrong opinion" and the Valedictory.?Cyprian M. Elcd. The speeches of these young men were very fine, and we very much regret that the protraction of this article will not allow us to give an analysis of eich one. The conferring of degrees ind the awarding of medals came ncsct. The title of D. D. was, by authority of the Board of Trustees, conferred upon J. H. Honour, Charleston, S. ??:; A. M. upon J. B. Haskell, Orangebug, S. C, and A. B. upon each membnr of the graduating class. The following gold mcdils were awarded for proficiency in the branches of study specified below: In Greek, to C. W. Welch. In Mathematics, to Marshal Stribling. For best Essay, to G. B. Cmner. The rising in the various classes was announced by the President of such stu? dents as had acquired seventy per cent, in every study, but so rip-id and thorough were the examinations that some in each class failed to reach the required per cent. Thus closed the last commencement exercises of Newberry College in Wal? halla, as the College will opm the 6th of September, 1877, in Newberry, S. C. Wc will, perhaps, speak of the "Com? mencement Ball," the workings of the Board of Trustees, and the removal of the College to Newberry in the future. VISITOR. ? Daddy Cain, colored ? member of Congress from the Second District of South Carolina, delivered a lecture at Newport, R. I., recently, tlie subject be? ing "Race Struggling for Manhood." Referring to the Presidenl's policy he said that he had no doubt but that Mr. Hayes was doing the best lie could. The course he had adopted world, no doubt, be satisfactory to Democrats and unsatis? factory to some Republicans, but it would help to bring about quiet Mid peaceable relations among the people He advised his brethren to split on the color line and vote always for the best nun, be he Deui I ocrat or Republican. The (Iowa Republican Convention* Washington, June 28/ The 'action of the Des Moines (Iowa) Convention, has been closely watched. The financial planks are ds follows; 4th. The public credit should be sacredly maintained and all obligations of the government honestly discharged, and that we favor the early attainment of curren* cy convertible with coin, and therefore advocate a gradual resumption of specie payments by continuous and steady steps, oth. The silver dollar, having been a legal unit.of value from the foundation of the Federal Government until 1873, the law under which its coinage was sus? pended should be repealed at the earliest possible day, and silver made with gold a legal tender in payment of all debts, both public and private. We also bo liete,that the present volume of currency should be maintained until the wants of trade and commerce demand its further contraction. At the conclusion of the reading, a resolution'endorsing the Prea dent and his policy was offered by Mr. Resly as an amendment to the first reso? lution. This created an indescribable uproar and was received with tumult, in which were mingled vociferous protests and hisses. The Chair ruled the resolu? tion as not being germain to the subject. An amendment endorsing the President's policy and saying it would secure the re? sults asked for in the third resolution of the report of the committee was then of? fered to that resolution, and met with the same result. The third resolution, as presented by the committee, was then adopted. After this all the rest of the resolutions of the committee were adopted. Mr. Cutts offered the following resolution: Resolved, That the so-called Southern policy which has been inaugurated and pursued by the present national adminis? tration is in accordance with the princi? ples of the Republican party. This was received amid general tumult. Dr. Bardsley moved that it be referred to .the Committee on Resolutions. Mr. Merriam, of Keokuk County, moved, amid great excitement that the'resolution be tabled, which was adopted by about a three-fourths vote. The Democratic Majority in Congress. Washington, June 26. A copy has been made of the pay cer? tificates for the Forty-fifth Congress, as furnished by Clerk Adams to Sergeant at-Arms Thompson, and constituting his vouchers in account with the United States Treasury, and given to some Re? publican papers as the roll of the next House made out by Adams. The list stands precisely as 'it did when an ab? stract of it was published the first week in April, showing a Democratic majority of sixteen, with seven members to hear from. No further changes have been made, and none will be until the time comes for making up the roll. What that will be no one yet knows. In the Colorado case the law is all against Del ford, and Patterson's title to the seat turns on the construction of an enabling act. The Supreme Court of California has given Pacnero, Republican, the seat in the Fourth District of that State, and Wigginton hqf appealed. The contest in the courts over the Third District in Missouri is in much the same shape. The record of Florida arid the Fourth and Sixth Districts of Louisiana are covered by conflicting certificates from the rival Governors. Adams will probably follow the example set by Hayes in this matter and recognize Nicholls and the Demo? cratic Congressmen. Providence, R. I., June 26. The National encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic convened here to-day. The following cable de? spatch was directed to be sent to ex-Pres? ident Grant: "General Ulysses S. Grant, care of her Majesty Queen Victoria, Buckingham Palace, London: Your comrades, in an? nual encampment assembled, at Provi? dence R. I., send heartiest greetings to their old comrade, and desire through you, to England's queen, to thank Eng land-for Grant's reception. (Signed) "John F. Hartranft, "Commander-in-Chief G. A. R." Boston, June 26. The review occupied over half an hour. The streets and sidewalks along Wash? ington street were thronged with people, crowding and pushing, and windows, housetops and every available space had occupants. All along the route* cheers and w^ing of handkerchiefs from win? dows, ho rsetops and every point of obser? vation greeted the President. Concord, N. H., June 27. In the House a resolution was intro? duced by Mr. Sinclair (Dem.) that the acts of the national administration in the removal of United States troops and the restoration of self-government in the States of Florida, Louisiana and South Carolina, and the order of prohibiting oflice'holders from holding any connec? tion with what is known as the machine? ry of politics for the purpose of controll? ing politcal organizations and declaring that no assessment for political purposes on office holders should be allowed, re? ceive our unqualified approval. The resolution created a lively discussion, and finally, on motion of Stevens, (Rep.,) was, by a strict party vote, referrea to the Committee on National affairs. ? One of the best acts passed by the Legislature (and we find upon examina? tion that a great many wise acts were passed) was that which provides for in? vestigating the bona fide indebtcdnes of the counties in the State. As regards Ncwberry, there arc undoubtedly many claims against the county that have been audited and approved by Radical admin? istrations that are fraudulent either iu whole or in part. Bridges have been built across creeks and branches and work done on public buildings at enor? mous figures, out of all proportion to the value received by the county. The poor house has been managed in a manner that calls for the severest condemnation. Careful calculations show that it would have been a saving to the county to board the inmates of that institution at a first class hotel. With such facts in view, it is easy to understand how, with a county tax of three mills a year, the debt of the county is over ?20,000. A commission of three citizens will be appointed by the Governor soon, as provided by the act, to investigate the matter.?Newberry Herald. FOR SALE. ASIXTY GALLON COPPER STILL, in good order, will be sold to the ighest bidder on Monday, the 16th July, at Anderson C. II., at 12 o'clock. Terms cash. J. W. NORMS, Adm'r. July 5, 1S77 51 2 SORGHUM! SORGHUM! W E ARE the only Agents in this Coun? ty for the Celebrated Victor Cane Mills AND Cook Evaporators. These arc pronounced everywhere TO BE THE REST. All who wish to buy will do ell to sec us at once. Terms liberal and prices very low. Circulars and price list furnished on application. SULLIVAN & CO. June 21, 1S77_49_Ini BARGAIN! ALOT of BACON SHOULDERS for sale low. If you want a bargain in Bacon Shoulders, call at once on A. B. TOWERS. 1 June 28, 1377 50 W?liamston Female College, H? Fan Session will open ort TrXiMY, July 31, 1877. itatcs pet session of 20 weeks: due half 1"r?^A^ remainder October 15: Board, $70.80 < Tuition, $10.00 to $20.00; ^SS^^ i^0'^20^; Greek, French, or German, $10.00. For Catalogue, address , iSf * S' LAN*?ER, Presideut. July 5, 1877_51: 4 tfotice to Contractors. THE con trad for building a Stable at the Jail will be lef to the lowest bidder at Anderson C. H. on MOITDAY, the 6th day of AUGUST, 1877. The Cbnimissioners re? serve the right to reject arty or ?11 bids. For further information, apply to O. JI. P. FANT, Chm'n., JOHNC. GANTT, SAMUEL BROWNE, County Commissioners. J. L. Triable, Clerk County Com. July 5, 1877_61_ SOKGHUM MILLS AND EVAPORATORS, For all tJae People I WE will soon have in Store and for sale the celebrated Kentucky Mm, . and Chapman's Perpetual Evap- ? orator; not a picture on paper, but a ? Mill and Evaporator in fact. The quality and capacity cannot be surpassed by any.. Prices within the reach of all?for cash or ; on time. Come, see, and then you will know. Give me your order, and save, money. JOHN B. WATSON, Grange Agency, No. 3 Benson Block, Anderson, 8. C CERTIFICATES. ?. ? Anderson,- July 2", 1577. Tbisisfto1 certify tba* I purchased front J. W. Chapman' & Co., JaSf Summer, a Now 4 (9* feet long}' Perpetual Evaporator,. Cgad1 vanized iron,)' with- Which' I made* over eight hundred gallbne oPSyi^'fibm'Sor? ghum and Imphee cartes; I made, tf?dfer favorable circumstances; as high as ten pi? lous per hour, and think that! could make with suitable mill from 75 to 100 gallons* per day. The Evaporator is- simple in con? struction, easily operated, and makes an ar? ticle of Syrup unsurpassed' by any other that I have seen. The cheapness, (as com? pared with others,) greater amount of boil? ing surface and simplicity of construction, certainly give it the pre-eminencrwer all others. JULIUS R. EAKQJ&. Anderson, June 28, f$7/Z> John B. Watson, Agent Pomona Grtongc, Anderson County, S. C.: Dear Sib?Yours of the 26th inst., re? specting the merits of the "Chapman Bew petual Evaporator, is received. In reply;.H used a No. 2 (galvanized) Evaporator lastt year, at a cost of fifteen dollars, wM. whiclii I made one thousand and fifteen gaiMbns off molasses, equal in quality to any I haves seen. I made from 40 to 50 gallons pcrdby,. (i. e.. in ten hours.) The labor of mal?mc; was light and pleasant. It is so constructed' that in operating requires but very little ^ labor, much less than that of 'rCook's ; Evaporator." In fact, I feel warranted in .' saying that from observation and in forma- ? tion of others, that the "Chapman Evapo- ? rator" has no superior, if an equal, ana at. less than half the cost. I can certainly re? commend it in preference to any other, be? log folly convinced that a trial will satisfy any one, however skeptical. To Patrons of Husbandry.?-If we practice - our professions in economy and reform, you will buy "Chapman's Evaporator"?the - cheapest and the beat. Fraternally yours, PETBB K. BROWN. July 5,1877 ? 51_ 4 Ayerf$ Cherry Pectol For Diseases of do Throat and Irrings,, such as Coughs,. Colds, Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, fra^ViTTia, and Con? sumption. The reputation it has attained, in consequence of the marvellous cures it has produced during the last half cen? tury, is a sufficient assurance to the public that it will continue to realize the happiest results that can be desired. In almost every section of country there are persons, publicly known, who have been restored from alarming and even desperate diseases of the lungs, by its nse. All who have'tried it ac? knowledge its superiority; and where its virtues are known, no one hesitates ns to what medicine to employ to re? lieve the distress and suffering peculiar i o pulmonary affections. C?ebbt Pfcc TouAL always affords instant relief, an* performs rapid cures of the milder va? rieties of bronchial disorder, as well as the more formidable diseases of the lungs. As a safeguard to children, amid the distressing diseases which beset the Throat and Chest of Childhood, it is invaluable; for, by its timely use, multitudes arc rescued and restored to health. This medicine gains friends at every trial, as the cures it is constantly producing arc too remarkable to be forgotten. No family should be with ont it, and those who have once used i 6 never will. Eminent Physicians throughout the country prescribe it, aud Clergymen often recommend it from their knowl? edge of its effects. prepared bt Dr. J. C. AYER & CO., Lowell, Mass., Practical and Analytical Chemists. sold by all dk?ggists eyekywhxke. Assessment Notice. NOTICE is hereby given that the Coun? ty Auditor's Office will be open on and from the 10th day of July, 1877, to and including the 28th day of August, 1877, for the reception of the Returns of Personal Property in Anderson County for the year 1877. Deputies will be at the places hereinafter named to receive Returns of Personal Prop? erty for the said year 1877 : Brushy Creek?At W. D. Sitton's, 10th and 11th July. Garvin?At Bethany, 12th and 13th July. Hopewell?At Carpenter & Anderson's Store, 14th July. Williamston?July 16th and 17th. Bclton?July 18th and 19th. Broadwav?At JNTeal's Creek, 20th July. * Hall?At Milford's Store, 23rd and 24th July. ? % Martin?At Reuben Clinkscales' Mill, 25th and 26th July. Honea Path?July 27th and 28th. Fork?At W. T. Grubb's Store, 30th and 31st July. Savannah?At Holland's Store, 1st and 2nd August. Dark Comer?At Sherard's Store, 3rd and 4th August. Pcndleton?August 7th, 8th and 9th. After the 28th day of August next, all Returns received arc Additional Returns, and a penalty of fifty per cent, is added, except m cases where^tax-payers have a lawful excuse. 4m Property is valued at its worth on the 1st day of June, 1877. Parties having bought and sold Real Estate between the 1st day of June, 1876, and the 1st dav of June, 1877, will please have a note of ft made on their blank. : T. J. P1CKENS, Auditor Anderson Couuty. June 28, 1877 50 2