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,ji<r - { - STORY OF JOHN BROWN : Career of Man Who Tried to Tree Southern Slaves is Recalled. HE WAS HUNG 63 YEARS AGO. Refused Legal Counsel and Made a ii T Dramatic Speech In hie Own Defense , ?Convicted and Hung at Charles Town, W. Va. The school kids sing about "They Hung John Brown on a Sour Apple Tree." But how many know ttie details of the trial, conviction and hang-, l ing of John l^iown in Charles Town? Sixty-three years ago the nation was rent with dissension over slavery. If" had become the greatest issue since the Ktvoiution. While Horace Gree- ' ley wrote stirring editorials to fiee the : slaves, John llrown took an even more violent course. He tried to free the slaves by force, it was a national isriue George D. Moore, a former prosecuting attorney in fcharies Town, W. Va., ? *? - ?' ? i,. nflrt writing* in a, lucai jMpn, omjo >u i?? -. "During the early summer of 385'J tf party of strangers arrived near Harper's Ferry, then a mrt of Virginia. With thehi was an old maij of venerable appearance who called himself [ Isaac Smith. They represented them- J selves as prospecting for minerals andj took long and frequent ramble? over various parts of the JJluo Kldgo raoun- | tains near by. After a lew weeks they I- removed to what is known as the Kennedy harm, about Ave miles frqm Harpers Ferry, on the .Maryland side r of the Potomac'river, and established headquarters. They were unliable1 people and soon made a number of friends. In the meantime a l arge (juantity of arms and ammunition was ; smuggled Into them. ?. ? Excitement Prevailed. "Twenty men descended upon Harpers Ferry on the night' of Sunday, October 16, 1859. They shot men in 1 the streets and took possession of the town. Nobody seemed to know what it was all about. Later one of the attackers declared they had come to free ! the Virginia slaves. They said they had the means to accomplish this plan. 1 "Vmwk of the attack on HarpeisFer ^ ry was flashed throughout the nation, j1 The Virginia militia came, ami Gov- 1 ernor Wise of Virginia, took personal 1 charge. After a threevday fight the! r / little army was captured. Its leader was recognized as John Brown. ii "Brown and his followers were tak- i en to Charles Town, where the grand jury was in session. Virginia and what j < ? is now known as West Virginia were j < then one state. , < 1 "The old Virginia law required five; < days' lapse between the preliminary i J. examination and the submission of the 1 case to the grand Jury. < j "A whole nation was wrought up to j i the tenseHt pitch during those five I V , duys of suspense. It was rumor-vl ev- , J ' ii cry where and i>articulnrly through the;' ? South, that John Brown's little-army i j| of twenty men was but the forerunner j i of a mighty army from th^ North to ?' come down and free the slaves and j I that a powerful secret organization! I 1 was planning revolt by riot and mur- 11 der and the Brown gang was to be re- i leased from jail. ' Rumors Traveled Fast. ' 1 "These rumors grew; they traveled 1 fast. It was argued that John Brown . would not have dared attempt such a (i bold thing as the capture of Harpers j' Ferry unless he knew he had ample backing. "On October 26 the preliminary hear- I ins opened, with the courthouse hcav- j ily guarded, by militia troops. Everywhere the town was Jammed with I strangers. Thpre was a little army of newspapermen. 1 "llrown, it is believed, fully realized1 what was to come. The courthouse'1 was across the street from the jaw-1 Hrown was marched out from the front door of the jail, grim and detefmined-1 NO CROA^ FRO J?| ^;jf f:-. ^^tfh SflnlMB Here Is a greenback on the out , ./ Is absolutely the la8t word irt the p.arauce at the Jamriica rate track the Horse* to he forgotten?at least - il ; V J Jfr4? # ? ?JHL. -%^. ^ .. A double file of soldiers guarded him. He presented a remarkable picture. s' "Whether he was legally right or; not, ho beiicyed his cause Just. He! w is six feet tall, stoop-shouldered, old, j bareheaded and wore a long, shaggy j gray beard. Hut his piercing old eyes | showed no signs of fear. He had faith | in God and his cause. His condition is described 'as feeble and bystanders] gaped inNsilence as he moved slowly j along, menaclcd. "The courtroom was jammed with I five or six hundred people. Eight jus- ! tices of the peace conducted the pre- J fcninary hearing. They constituted the court of. first resort; upon their say would depend whether John j Brown, ayowod A,bolitionist, should be | ret free with his comrades or whether they should be held foj- the grand jury, j Great Lawyers Prosecuted. "Charles Harding was the district j attorney. Governor Wise of Virginia, i appointed Andrew Hunter as assistant ( prosecutor. Hunter was a great luwyer, a wonderful pleader and a man of imposing appearance. "Prosecutor Harding demanded to know whether the prisoners were represented by counsel or whether they wished the court to assign counsel. "Then came one of the great dramatic episodes of American legal history. i "Old, shaggy-haired John Brown, feeble and stooped, apparently ready to totter upon the floor, did not like the tone Ln which) the question \ as asked. He might be old, he might be feeble, hut he was a man withal. And the haggard old man slowly and feebly arose from his chair. His steely eyes swept the breathless crowd with scorn ah he'exclaimed: " 'Virginians! I did not ask for quarter at the time I was taken, (He " -l-.lv I tnr was ui^uiy wuunuru;' i uu uui won ?v. quarter now. I do not ask to have my life siwued. Jf you seek any blood you may have it at any moment without the mockery of a trial. 1 hove no counsel. If*, we are to be forced into :i mere'form of trial?a trial for execution?you might spare yourselves that trouble. I am ready for my fate, I beg no insult, nothing but that which conscience gives or cowardice drives you to practice. I again ask to be excusi*d the mockery of u trial!' "Then John Brown sat down. He, in that short speech not only addressed the court, but he flung a challenge it the pride of old Virginia. Auditors Amazed. "His auditors were thrilled and tmazed. They even respected the daring old man. < ? "When the second day's court opened an attorney for Brown informed the sourt that he had received a telegram 'rom an Akron, Ohio, man who declared that there was a good deal of insanity in Brown's family, and he desired to investigate the statement. "While the defense counsel was making this plea John Brown interrupted tiim. The old man strugg'ed forward, his eyes binding with wrath and his roice shaking with emotion. In unmistakable language he repudiated his attorney's pica and denied there was any insanity in his father's family, though some of his mother's people had been mentally afflicted. He refused any such subterfuge of defense in his behalf. He was out in the open; he had nothing to hide, nothing to excuse and no apologies to make. The court ruled that there was no testimony supporting the statement, the insanity end would be disregarded and the trial proceeded. "Several ' witnesses described how the armed band came across the bridge at midnight and took possession of the I'nitcd States arsenal at Harpers Ferry. They described in detail the stirling events of October 16, 17 and 18. The raiders took possession of one of the nearby plantations and made I he slaves and plantation owners pris- j oners of war. The night express train ] was held up on the bridge and the j porter shot. Men were shot down in 1 the streets, the witnesses said, and the I M THIS FROG. |.?^;^x:?y- Jf., M^fcA ' . ^ f side of the Fffst National Bank and way of garter ornaments, its ap, worn by Miss - illi^n ltoss, caused temporarily. mayor killed. Militia companies were hastily summoned from Martlnsburg, Shcpherdstown and Charles Town. Fort Is Established. "Finally the remnants of the Brown party barricaded themselves in the| municipal fire engine house of Harpers Ferry. It later was known as John Brown's fort. "There they were surrounded by troops and escape shut off. Efforts to negotiate were futile. Flag of truce j bearers from Brown's barricade' were ' shot down or captured. On the night I of the second day after he entered the town a company of U. S. Marines from | Washington arrived- They were under, command of Colonel Robert E. Lee and Lieutenant J. E. B. Stuart, who later became the two great generals of the Confederacy. "Brown refused to surrender and the next morning his fort was carried by storm. Brown and his surviving companions "were captured. Brown was badly wounded in several places. So were some of his companions. "Among the town's citizens wnoj were taken prisoner by Brown was Colonel Lewis W. Washington, grandnephew of George Washington. "The, casualties of John Brown's Harpers Ferry raid were twelve killed, two bounded, one escaped. Two of Brown's 90ns were killed. Of the attackers five were killed, and nine were wounded. "So-called damaging literature Introduced as evidence ' at the Brown trial were copies of the Constitution and ordinances drawn up by Brown for the reconstruction of the Constitution of the United States through amendrv*rr?t ontl ponool T^ittnjru from Tnfthllfl It. Giddlngs, member of congre?s from Ohio and Abolitionist, were a pan of the evidence. Arguments Begun. "On the sixth day of the trial argument was begun; tire court delivered its charge, and the jury retired. Soon a verdict of guilty was returned- There was no demonstration in the court room. "The next day Brown was brought into court for sentence. He was asked if he had anything to say as to why sentence should not be imposed. His reply to the qourt was another landmark in this country's history. He said: " 'I have, may it please the court, a few words to say. In the firsf place I deny everything but what I have al ready admitted?the design on my part to free the slaves. That was all I Intended. Now, if it is necessary that I forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice and mingle my blood with the millions of slaves in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel arid unjust enactments, I submit; let it be done! Let me say one word further, I feel entirely satisfied with the treatment .I have received on my trial. Considering all the circumstances it has been more generous than I expected. But I feel no consciousness of guilt. Now I have done-' Sentence imposed. "Then the court imposed the sentence, which was that he should be taken to a place of exertion on December 2, 1859, and there be hanged by the neck by the sheriff until dead"Then, on December 2, John Brown was taken five blocks away to a field where a scaffold had been erected. He was unperturbed and looked with interest upon the many soldiers about. He walked upon the gallows, the black cap was adjusted, and soon he began the great adventure. ( "On December 16 four Brown followers, named Cooke, Green, Coppee, and Copelnnd were executed in Charles Town." But what of Charles Town? It has figured in history since colonial days. It was the scene of hot fighting in easly Indian warfare and in the Civil war. It knew well the activities of General Stonewall Jackson of the Confederacy and "Phil" Sheridan of the United States army. The town was na"med in honor of Charles Washington, brother of George Washington. Many descendants of the Washington family still live there. WAS ENEMY OF WHITES Waiska, Proud Chippewa Chief, Pass- | es to Happy Hunting Grounds. Peter Waiska, K7 years old, the last of the Waiskas, proudest branch of the long line of Chippewa Indian chiefs, is dead. The aged Indian carried with him to his grave the strain of pride and all his hatred of the "whites," which for years made the Waiska Indians the! outstanding braves of the many tribes inhabiting the Great Lakes section. He died of exposure to the cold, an element which for years he scoffed at. The Waiskas inhabited jfhe region now known as the Bay Ilills and the ur.l.i : nkl. I I Vl'l U?*J UinUIL'l 111 V^IJ1|Jp?'\v:i county, Michigan, when the first j white missionaries and settlers pushed j their way into the wilderness. The | tribe, with its centuries o!d pride, looked with disfavor on the white man. who came and cleared their lands and then broke them with a plough. Peter Waiska until the last maintained the same feeling of hatred that j befitted the linal survivor of his race. | His friends say that he grew more and more melancholy year by year as he watched the forest disappear and the white man's modern inventions take their places. :'i Although the increase i.i attend- ^ ance since lit 17. in 25 leading colleges in the United States, was 113 per cent, there has not been a corresponding in- ; crease in appropriations, equipment, endowment and teaching staff. .t- Korty-six Germans were killed and ; 109 wounded during every hour the World war was raging, according to German statistics. ,-*1 > .* * YORK'S OWN STORY (Continued From Fage One.) would help me to bear my hard tasks. "So there 1 was. I was the homesickest boy you ever seen." This same little red books contains Sergeant Yprk's own story ,of the exploit Marshal Foch called "the greatest thing accomplished by any private of all the armies of Europe." Wrote the American: "On the 7th day of October wc lay in some little holes on the roadside all day. That night we went out and stayed a little while apd eome back to our holes, the shells bursting all around us. 1 saw men just blown up by the big German shells which were bursting all rourid us. "So the order came for us to take Hill 223 upd 240 the 8th. mo me morning or me Bin ju.sr oefore daylight, we started for the hill at Chatel Chehery. Before we got there it got light and the Clermans sent OVer a heAvy barrage and also gas and we put on our gas-masks and just pressed right on through those shells and got to the lop of Hill 223 to where we were to start over at 6:10 a. m. "They were to give us a barrage. The time came and no barrage, and we had to go without one. So we started over the top at 6:10 a. m. and the Germans were putting their machine guns to working all over the hill in front of us and on our left and right. I was in support and I'could see my pals getting picked off until it almost looked like there was none left. "So 17 of us boys went around on the left flank to stee If we couldn't pu.t those guns out of action. .? "So when we went, around and fell in behind those guns we flrst saw two Germans with Red Gross bands on their arms. r. , "Some one of the boys shot at them and they ran back to our^ight. "So we all ran after them, and when we jumped across a iiiue^ stream or water that was ther^, there was about 15 or 20 Germans jumped up nnc\ threw up their hands; and, said, 'Comrade.' The one In charge of us boys told us not to shoot, they were going to give up anyway. % "By this time the Germans from on the hill was shooting at me. Well I was giving them the best I had. "The Germans had got their machine guns turned around, y "They killed 6 and wounded 3. That, just left 8 and then we got into It right. So we had a hard battle for" a little while." This modest reference to "a hard battle for a little jyhile" covers the affair of one man fighting single-handed against a hundred Germans in machine-gun nests. The story continues: ' . ? ''I got hold of a 'German major and he told me if I wouldn't kill any more of them he would make them quit firing. "So I told him all right. If he would do It now., So he blew a little whistle and they quit sAootlng and came down and gave up. I had about 80 or 90 Ger-*. mans there. "They disarmed and we had another i line of Germans to go through to get out. So I called for my men and one answered me from behind a big oak tree and the other men wero on my right in the brush. "So I said, 'Let's get these Germans out of here.' One of my men said. 'It's impossible.' So I said, 'No, let's get them out of hiere.' "When my men said that this German major said, 'How many have you got?' . I "And I said, 'I got a plenty,' and pointed my pistol at him all the time, "In this battle I was using a rifle or a 4f> Colt automatic pistol. "So I lined the Germans up in a line of twos and I got between the ones in front and I had the German major before me. So I marched ;them right straight into those other machine guns, and I got them. When I got back to my major's P. C. I had 132 prisoners. "So yoq can see here in this case of mine where God helped me out. I had been living for God and working in church work sometime before I came to the arm v. I am a witness to the fact that flod did help me out of that hard battle for the bushes were shot off all around me and I never got a scratch. "So you see that (lod will be with you if you will only trust Him, and I say He did save me." Alvln York's supreme reward of heroism Is the York Foundation. After a farm had been given to him, he asked that no other gifts be made, but instead the money be contributed to a fund to build simple, primary schools throughout the mountain districts where there were no state or county tax appropriations available for the purpose. Of the fund, not a dollar was to be for his personal use, nor for any effort lie might put forth in its behalf. So again the form of Sergeant York rose out of the valley above the mountains, and the sunlight of the nation's approval, fell upon it- Men of p^minenee volunteered to aid him in his efforts for tl.e children of the ; tnnnntnlnu im,l thn i-nutill u?nu the in. . corporation of the York Foundation, a > non-profit -.sharing organization, that j is to build school houses and operate schools. Among the trustees are an j ex-Secretary of the United States 1 Treasury, bishops of the churches, a state governor, a congressman, bankers, lawyers and business men. The fund is already a substantial one. steadily growing, and success Is assured. In connection with each school is to be land to be tilled by the students as u farm, and besides providing in- I m struction In agriculture, (he farm is , to aid in the support of the school, and no child of the community is to miss the opportunity to attend through inability to pay the tuition charge. As each unit becomes self-supporting, another school is to be established in another district. In this new endeavor Alvin wished to do what he could to shield the boys ! now at play among the red brush upon the mountainsides from being compelled to say, after they had grown to young manhood, what he i himself hnd been forced to confess: "I'm just an ignorant mountain boy." * ? WOMAN'S WORLD Matters of Particular Interest to Fem- ' inine Readers of Yorkville Enquirer. ? -Mrs. Lee Kathan, of Houston, is i conceded to be the best woman pistol ) shot in Texas. ? .as a means 01 improving men dancing, London society women have turned to fencing. ? One-fifth of all the divorce cases before the French courts today are said to be American. ? In England there are four women emigration officers at the ports of ( entry of steamships. During the war nearly 15,000.000 women were drawing pay for their services in Great Britain. ? Three-fourths of all the women factory workers in New York city are classified as semi-skilled operatives. ? Often the age of Albanian women is unknown even to them, due to the fact that they have m> calendars there. ? Mrs. Ralph E. Johnson, of Lincoln, Neb., ranks high among the women authorities on semi-precious stones or Amorica. ?The financial department of the city of x)es Moines is headed by a woman, who presided and decides all questions before the commission. ? As federal appraiser of customs tn Cleveland, Miss Genevieve Cline holds a unique position among Uncle Sam's many women office-holders. ? A bride of the Bahama tribe in Uganda shows that she accepts the bridegroom as her husband by taking a mouthful of milk and squirting it over him. ? Princess Rhoda Alteresko, of Koumania, has joined the ranks of titled women in business and has opened a gown and millinery shop in New York city. ? Ethyl Smith, who recently presided at the conductor's desk over a symphony orchestra in London, is the Say, Don't Do It! DON'T LOOK LIKE YOU HAVE Indigestion. Smile about it. If your j table trimmings are not agreeing with your digestion, try buying your Groceries at this Store. We do not sell i anything but the best in Groceries? you are sure jto get Quality Groceries when you buy your supplies at this ! store. Tell us what you want?if you | know?or better still, COME AND SEE i WHAT WE HAVE?Then you'll know just what you want. . IF YOU WANT anything in the way of Canned Vegetables, or Fruits, or Meats, or Fish Products, or Bottled or Loose Pickles, Bottled Fruits, or Fancy Cakes and Crackers, Fresh Vegetables?Beans, Cabbage, Potatoes?it is pretty sure you'll find what you are looking for here. Then too we have a good variety of Dried Beans and Peas and the Fat Back that goes with 'em. CHEER UP?you'll get over it if you will buy your Groceries here. SHERER & QUINN J i We Have the Best VARIETY OF MERCHANDISE | WE HAVE EVER HAD, AT LOWER PRICES AND CAN SAVE YOU MONEY ON T I HARDWARE, CROCKERY, NOTIONS SHIRTS. OVERALLS, HOSIERY. HEAVY AND FANCY GROCERIES, TOBACCOS. CANDIES, CRACKERS, FRUITS, ETC. Wo appreciate your patronage and It is always a pleasure to serve you. Southern Cash Store G. C. DEESE, Manager. ROCK HILL, S. C. 1AAAAAAA#V\AAAA/WVWVVWWW* IYORKVILLE COTTOl Millers, Ginners, Manufa Meal and Hulls, and Dei BARGAIN ] Until March 6th \vc will of 7 per cent Meal for j [ ' FIGURES Egg Jcllico Block Jcllico Blue Gem Jcllico j j Prompt attention given t( | Y0RKV1LLE COTTOI first woman in Groat Britain to act in that capacity. ? What seem.s to he the most important medical discovery of the century is that of Dr. X. lvritch, a woman. who has just announced the discovery of the typhus gerrr. ? In Russia women of all agon and classes smoke in their rooms, in the trains, in the restaurants and shops, and it is not uncommon to see them smoking in the streets. ? Mrs. KllcTi Dunne Davis, of Phil- ' adclphia, who is opposing George S. i Graham for a sea* in the I'nited j States congress, is a great-great- j granddaughter of Benjamin Franklin. ' | ? Rumors from London are to the j THE CASH GARAGE , lO I RJ OAOITIAM TO HA VAI ID irvgi i iwii iv uv ? vwn AUTOMOBILE REPAIR AND WELDING WORK AT MOST REASONABLE PRICES. YOU SAVE MONEY BY PAYING CASH. ' Expert Workmen REPAIR your car when you brlngtit to thla Garage for Repairs. WE CARRY A full line of Automobile Accessories. THE CASH GARAGE J. S. JOINER, MANAGER AT THE OLD CITY HALL ?| EAST LIBERTY STREET TAKE NOTICE The Sanitary Market Has moved from Congress Street to Madison Street And we are now ready to promptly fill all orders. Just continue to Call No. 6 For your wants in all kinds of meats. SANITARY MARKET LEWIS G. FERGUSON, Mgr. See, Phone or Write to THOS. C. O'FARRELL F<^R High Grade Monuments In Marble and Granite Plant on Eaat fciberty Street, Adjoining Rose Hill Cemetery. Nllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll | CATHOUC BOOKS I I ' i = SENT FREE ON APPLICATION. 5 = GET YOUR INFORMATION E B^IRST HAND. * jg = QUESTIONS ANSWERED BY = E MAIL. E WRITE TO | REV. W. A. TOBIN 5 Saint Anne's Church ROCK HILL, S. C. TliiiilllililiiiillliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiliiiiiiiiiiiiiliT X OIL COMPANY ]j cturers of Cotton Seed iler.s In Coal, Ice, Etc. EN MEAL give you 2,200 pounds j I One Ton of Sound Seed. j J IN COAL $7.50 Per Ton. $8.50 Per Ton $9.50 Per Ton ) an uruurs. i j 1 OIL COMPANY jl effect that a women's shampooing parlor has many patrons, most of whom are having their monograms or coats of arms tntooed on their backs. ? Mrs. Alice II. Davis, of YVenoka, Okla.. sifter of the late Chief John Brown, of the Seminole Nation, may have the honor of being the first woman in the history of Indian government to he namyd as chief of a tribe of Indians, her name having already bet?n recommended as chief of the Scminoies. DRIVE IN ?. * * LET US SHOW YOU SOME OF THE CARS NOW BEING PAINTED. YOU WILL THEN DECIDE #/ % WHERE TO BRING YOUR CAR WHEN IT NEEDS A NEW COAT. JOHNSON'S HOP JAS. A. JOHNSON. Manager Auto Painters, Body and Top Builders, ROCK HILL, S. C. BUILD NOW7 < BUILDING MATERIALS ARE ABOUT DOWN TO BEFORE WAR -PRICES AGAIN AND YOU'LL MAKE NO MISTAKE TO START THAT HOUSE OR OTHER REPAIR WORK NOW. I have a full Line of Builder's Sup* plies' Including CEMENT LIME BRICK BUILDER'S HARDWARE PAINTS. You'll Save Monev bv Seeina Me about |t--y - - - Phono No. 28 W. L. WALLACE \ Warehouse Near Travora Mill. F. L. Hinnant W. M. Brown Palmetto Monument Co. YORK, - - 8. C. Why Pay an Agent Profit? We know that the Agent haa to live, but let the other fellow keep him up. Deal Direct with the PALMETTO MONUMENT CO., r York, 8. C.; Phone No. 121. . If you wish us to call we will be glad to have one of our firm call on Yt?u. We do not travel agents. We can and will do your work at aa Low a Price and aa Good in Quality aa * any one in the business. Try Us, ia all that we ask. You be the judge. PALMETTO MONUMENT CO. "Honor Them With a Monumant." Phone 421 VOflK, 8. C. . J _ SOMttTTTTNG GOOD TO EAT? NEW SYSTEM BREAD AND ROLLS A FULL 1. POUND LOAF Made under Sanitary condi- 4 I turns in a Sanitary Bakery. JAMISON'S NEW SYSTEM BAKERY YORK, - - S. C. PROFESSIONAL CARDS. Dr. C. L. WOOTEN -DENTISTOFFICE OVER THE POSTOFFICE Telephones: Office, 128; Residence, 53. CLOVER, - - S. C. 71 t. f. 6m J. S. BRICE / Attorney At Law. Prompt Mtentlon to all Legal J Ruslness of Whaterer Nature. Office on Main Street in the Moore Building, First Floor, formerly occupied by S. E. Spencer. J.* A. Marion W. G. Finley MARION AND FINLEY ATTORNEYS AT LAW Office oppOBite the Courthouae. Phone 126. YORK,3. C. j YORK FURNITURE CO. TTn^Arffllrprs ? Embalmera YORK, - 8. C. In Alhlt* Branches?Motor Equipment Prompt Service Day or Night In Town or Country. JOHN R. HART ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR fAT LAW. Prompt and Careful Attention to All Business Undertaken. * Telephone No. 69. YORK. 8. C. f.1 1t DR. WM. M. KENNEDY ? DENTAL SURGEON ? Office on 8eoond Floor of the Wyii# Building. Telephone*: Office, 99: Kwldeneo, 16f. YORK, 8. C. t