Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, September 27, 1921, Image 1

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I] [1^ 5EM1 WEEKLY> ' " l. m. grist's sons, Publisher,. % ^amilij iQcu*.spapi?ri jf'or the fjromoiiott of the political, Social, J^ricultur^al and Commercial interests of the people. SINGLE COPT. FIVE CENTS. | ESTABLISHED 1855 Y() 11K, S. C.. TIT l-SPAY, SKPTF.MfeEiR 27,19S1-. 3STO. 77 VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS Brief Local Paragraphs of More or Less Interest. PICKED DP BY E1UQUIKER REPORTERS t Stories Concerning Folks and Things, Some of Which You Know and Some You Don't Know?Condensed For Quick Reading. "Itusinoss has not been much up our j way this year," said Mr. T. E. Eong, of Mt. Olive yesterday; "but it sterns to! bo picking .up somewhat now. Wei hnw hf-pn suffering from the general depression that has been felt all over the country- Our cotton crop is so light that we arc not building much hope on it; but the price of tobacco is very good, compared with what it has been, and we are banking on that mostly." Will Grow Peaches. "I do not know how I'll come out at it; but I am going to make a try," said Johnson Cameron, who lives about 3 1-2 miles south of Yorkville, to Views and Interviews a few days ago. "I am going to put out several thousand peach trees on my home place. I have been, told by people who know that I have exactly the right kind of soil, and although it is a hit or miss propo- j sition, we all know that we get a good peach crop in this locality with reasonable frequency. I have the money, it is mine and I am going to make the oxporiomcnt. If I win, I will win pretty big I guess, and if I lose, then j 1 guess I will bo able to stand it. Anyhow I am going to put out that pouch orchard." "Dixie Girl." As the guns of the 51st artillery were i passing through Congress street, Yorkville. last Friday, shortly after noon, 1 an artilleryman said to Views and In-1 tcrvlcws: "All of these gens and many <>f the men saw service overseas. Some of the men are little more than boys, as you will notice; but others a're midd'eaged and some have been in the setvice lor from 20 to 30 years." On the barrel and carriage of one long six-inch rifle was painted the name, "Dixie Girl." Referring to this gun. the artilleryman commented: "That is probably the most noted gun in the American army. It was all! through the World war. and in all was flred at the Germans more than thirteen* htrndrcd times." Boll Weevil a Puzzle. "Yes, the boll weevil is* . ?nu puzzle," said Mr. C. W. Carro'l, f the tii m of Carroll Bros, to View.; and Interviews a few days ago, "ami I don't understand him." Messrs. Carroll Bros, run a farm in the Cotton Belt neighborhood on which they ere cultivating some cotton, and being also largely engaged in the supply business, they are very directly interested in the boll weevil operations. "About three weeks ago," Mr. Carroll went on "it fell t<> me to superintend the digging of a well out at our little place, and I had spent part of three days there. With nothing else! especially to do, I went all over the place hunting the boll weevil, and during that time 1 did not lind anything that looked like* it; but now within the past few days the negroes tell me that they tlnd weevils just everywhere. "Mr. Jim Land." Mr. Carroll went on to say, "told me not long ago that his brother Ed, out in Texas, sold out a few years ago on account of the boll weevils and moved several hundred miles further north. The lml| weevil final'y reached him at his new location; hut now lie is reconciled to tin situation; saying that tin* damage is not more than 15 or I'O per cent. Hut as for me, I am afraid. I h -Move the boll weevil is going to clean up everything." "Not that had," suggested Views and interviews. "Among other things, you know some of the wise on -s hold that the cold winter cleans the holl weevil out to a point that < naldcs you to make a fairly good crop the following season. If we have another winter like that of CMS, most of you supply men will he tempted to take anoth* r shot at staking the cotton raisers llie same as heretofore." ... , .. ? i ...ill" I \t,. I lO'll ' I II III IV I t'arioll. "hut after all jou cannot ** tell." Cotton Price and Condition. There nny he soni" people wlm ivally know nhout the rendition of ? <>(. t"ii and ill*' proh.ahle prior the staple will he next month and next .May: lc.it the eutsianditiK impression that Views and Interviews nets froi.-i talks with different people is that the nnmher of different views you heir is almost as great as the different number or pcopl> you talk t". Said one farmer last Saturday: "No, i don't think I will make what you would eall a half a e 'op. .My cotton is liKht. No, I have not seen any hull weevils in my fields yet. I don't think the crop has hecn cut so much hy reduction in tie- use af fertilizers as hy th> hot dry weather alontf about the first of September. That is what did m<?.st "i the damage. No, I d ui't think the cotton would have stood the drought any better < vi n if it had had more firtilizcr under it. I believe we are fjointr'to Ret fr< m tin to :i.'? cents for tliis year's crop." "I am froing to make a little more cotton than 1 thought 1 was komik* to make two weeks aRti; but still I am not coiitr to make a full crop i did not use any commercial fertfizer al all this year. I use:l stable manure and cotton seed on my own crop, while the ncgiocs used th same amount ol cotton seed without any stable manure The first picking has turned out well and there is a good deal mare in sight; but very litt'c top crop. 1 have si good many blooms in sight; but ] never count on a bloom after September 15, and besides the blcoms run s good deal of risk from the weevil yet I have not seen any weevils, however 1 think cotton is going to sel! at thirty cents this year.'i " I aim i mum uui-?- sumb ?.,? hv. much over twenty cots fur this crop,' said a business man. "Ypu noticed hew tiny let it go from 11 cents on ur to 20 without much hindrance, and how some cotton has sold for 21 1-2; but the struggle is around 20 cents They are going to stop it there. II cotton gets much above 20 cents then, almost everything else will go up, and that will renew the trouble about \\;.gts in the cotton mills and elsewhere, and they don't want that, as near settled as they have it. Of course they can let cotton go up to 40 cents I think there is more reason now why cotton should be 40 cents than there was when it war. l ringing that, ju ice; but I am not looking for 40 eer.ts cotton for the reasons I have mentioned and for many other reasons." "I have sold thr ee bales," said a farmer, "and that relieves mo of the cramp I was in. I expect to get nhnul fifteen bales in all; but I am not gninj to sell any more of it now. It may not go any higher; but I ar.i going t< take a shot at it." CANT BEAT THE WEEVIL Georgia Farmer Says Nothing to Dc But Surrender. Mr. and Mrs. K. T. Itoswell. Jr.. of Siloam, (hi., spoilt S:i1unl:iy with Mr. and Mrs. I.. ('. ltraddy. Mr. ltraddy visited Mr. I'oswill ; t ^his (Iior.ria home several weeks hkii and sjiont several days looking over Mr. I>oswe||'? cattle fat in. lie I .< ii i<: )i t several tine rows lioni Mr. Itoswell. "Von can't bint the boll weevil," remarked Mr. Itoswell to a Dillon llerald representative, "and the man win tiies it is going to eonie out at the little end of the horn." continued Mr. I to: well. "All my life my father had b?s n wedded to cotton. He own si unite ti number of acres of good cntton land, lie knew hmv to farm and he believed till the last that he co^ild beat the boll weevil. About 20 years aco ! began to go back and forth from Georgia to Texas buying cattle, fin each trip I sav. that the boll weevil was sIhw1> but steadily making his way towaids Georgia. There w is Texas. Hun Oklahoma, then Louisiana, .Mirri djipi. Alabama, lb n Georgia. The Georgians, like the Texans, the Mbsissippians, the Lonisianians and the Alaliamians. thought they could brat the boll weevil, but they found out they were mistaken. The onlv thing that saved me mid my fathci were those trips I maije back and fo. th to Texas buying cattle. Kvery time I made a trip I became more and more convinced that our day \va: coming, and each year I per.Miad< d m.v father to plant less and less cotton and raise more cows and hogs. IJ> the time the boll weevil hit us we had reduced our acreag to the extent that we sen ret l.v felt it. Our neighbors m;inv <>i whom wore large farmers continued to plant cotton an-l nwttj of tlum went bankrupt. I know ?>1 one large planter wh<> has some thin;: like K'tu acres in co'te n this year froiv which he will gather about bales lb- is a man of ample mean:; an.I In used every device* me>ne y e<>u'd bin ' > tiaht the boll weevil, lie pl.mtc celt..n in \:iele rows and sprave.l i! rogularlv vet the- weevil got him. It addition to raising cattle we made syrup, peanuts and other food crops Labe'ir is plentiful and we keep ; standing eiif?-r r>u cents a day to an.\ man who wants to go to work. We don't care- how many nun apply I'oi a job -we will find som--thing I'e-r tie-it to do. The offer l-oleis good the- ye n ioi:iii|. We aetopteel Ibis rule because he re v. is ae-lual suffering and ee-nla d ij wi'l keep a |M-rson from starving." Mr. I'.oswe-ll has made a suee-e ss te the cattle biisim-ss. lie made ar ranee in- lit : while- he-re- to shije in > e I n; 111 of line ? :1111 illll'illir tiI* v.? 1 \vli:i !i he snys In.- is ;-"iii*r I" sell I' In- | 11 I ui l>i!lnn rniinty :ii miylit: i in- r print's. ||i- says In- Knows il i J11^I ;i i|in-sti<m of tti'ii* liefum tlit" v. ill l.i* looking for :i In I til; hii-i| i ilili . nil lie iv.'ipts In fp'l in m I In- u.1111><I llonr. Mr. I'.nswcll si!s lias u illi liim j;:iill|?l?-x of sojin* fill .in >- * i n|> ,'iml j-!:iri'<l SevernI Ii.inr! w illi Dillon inert limits. ? Ilrliofs of tlii* Yerssiillrs 1 ivnt Tritt n Miiiii'ii'il |,*ist Snt urilny sis 11 si n.'ii In son tit'lij'te in o|m-n scssio on .In- tii'W th'.irt' t r< . 11 \ willi (Sit in.iiiv. Tin* line:! were tlmwn willi ;i ? it, I mho i r ,,r il, .. if w 11': j\ l>y Semtnr Lod>;e, e M.'is.'nehurett.s. h ;>11111i<:;11 lender ;m i linirmnn < !' li t- Ion ian relntiuiis ' ( in milt: ml nn in:t!;il brnrdside in nji position If. Sli.iti'C linnilt. (t! I 1:11 (' i < ; ml ill:n "iiTen >mf*iI: 1 ! ." Cur linen" in i :i;-'\ i ;t iii; n? ion u:.s expressed I' S.'li.t!'ir I ,"il .-te l:e presented ;i lei ' r linin l'i'Mil'nl iinrdintf reqnes" imr prompt notion "sn tluil we nn (till nside l lie !ii-l lellllinill e|' will* in !at innsliip ;.nd luisfen "in- retuni I j I lie forttiiinle relations nl |iesiee." ( : ptciletn *.. ;? indicated. !i"\v\er, i addition I" Sen:i{i,r Hull ! . I?y Sennt I; I. "I Missouri. .i deineeinlie "ii I rei eneil. Me," wlii!<- \ < ml i>tli< r d'-n nernts in l.i 111: i lei 11 in ( l lie v wonld ei'ii j i e c I l.e in v. 11 e.lty. WHY OF TEXTILE STRIKEI Issues Involved In North Carolina Struggle. ' BOTH SIDES OF THE BIG QUESTION! I j David Clark, Editor of the Southern i 'J Textile Bulletin Gives the Version of the Employers and Thos. F. McMahon, Acting President of the Tex- J , tile Union Upholds Side of Em-j 1 ployes. t; I In a recent issue, Commerce and Fij nance, of New York, devoted several pases joint debate as to the. cause and ' | significance of the recent bit? Textile I Sll Ihf ill ^UIIIUI u, I\auu|i,>iis miu v/u<? - . j | lutte. The side of the employers is t i represented by David Clark, editor of the Southern Textile Bulletin, and the , i side of the employes is presented by I Tlios. F. McMahon, acting president of | the United Textile Workers of Ameri, j ca. It is probable that there is more _ j or less bias on both sides; but as to | that the reader who desires to bo fair will do his own discounting. In the beI lief that the public ought to have access to the best information to be had on this question, we are giving , both contributions below: Mr. Cla.'k Representing! Capital. Sensing the fact that tlie steadily , advancing prices of commodities in the spring of 1919 wee certain to cause advances in wagci the officials of the United Textile Workcfr. cim? to Charlotte and launched a strike for higher ? wages in the cotton mills. Since that time they have thrived in ' ' tlii;; section because they made thc-l cotton mill operatives bc'ieve that they secured the advance. in wages, j whereas it can he easily shown that prior to the settlement of the 101 ft strike wages in every other cotton mill section of the south had advanced to scale demanded by the strikers. The employes would hav obtained i the advances if there had never been , any strike, and the real result of the strike was that the operatives in the Charlotte sc-.'tion lost several months' wagts, while the operatives in other I sections wer working and receiving wages at steadily advancing rates, as did the workers in every other industry during that |?criod of advancing prices, i Ha\ing nv do the operatives in this section bolii ve that the advances which ; they secured were due to the efforts! of the t'nit d T< xti'e Workers, that or- ' ganiautio:: erro'lid n large number of j m< ml?er.s and one of their former organizers has estimated that the amount of union dues collected and' turned over to them since that time i has amounted to not loss than $2.10,000. | As long as the period of prosperity j I lasted the union members paid regu-j lar dues, hut during the depression i j there was a rapid dcvrer.se in paying' I j mrmhers and the I'nitod Textile Workers' officials found collections' I dropping to a vuy low point, i In order t?? revive collections they began to tell the operative that if he i paid his dues regularly he would bo i ' supported to the extent of $6 per week J I , whenever he chose to strike. The idea of being abV to strike and . then he given financial support for months while not working appealed verv strongly to a considerable per r cent, of the mill operatives. : As that propaganda materially in-1 i ereased the colli ction of dues, special j men were put on to encnureg the id-a ami that movement was the real cause of the <'horiotte-Coneoi <1 -Km unap'dis | i strike, because the operatives began to ! look forward to the strike, which 1 ! meant for th< in an extended vacation at the expense of the International,"! . as they call the head organization. > The operatives had been told not only would the "international" send un limited funds, but all other unions in i-j the t*nited States were n ady ami anxl ions to send tie m large contributions. r Thomas ! *. MeMahon, then vicepresident of the t'nitcd Textile Workers. finally found that he had started something that he eoflld not stop and the pressure was so great that a strike ' was called on June 1, and about X.onfl - mill operatives walked out absolutely j I'onlideiit that Ihev would be support ' v i cl m idleness during tne summer. The unions wen- told to use the i funds in their ] (-: I treasuries and llril tiny would lie re placid l?y unlimited c I funds licit would soon In* sent l?y the i International. ;ind .Me.M.ilion left Cliiiri lotto under llie pri le\t of securing the ei funds. As .MeMalion'x iturn wtis postponed I s ' from time to time anil the strikers began to go hungry, it became necessary for his lieutenants to s tall tlrr strikers, and t'iev v.nu'd tell fabulous tales of v the funds that lie was: to bring back, a Some said it was to be $20,000,1100, ' others that the cheek was so large that n 1 they could not read it and Me.Mahon's a' ! return train began to be railed the I "gold special." Finally Me.Mahoti returned to Char , lotU' bririKiiiK willi him ;i pitiful $2,500 of cunt filiations that he had obtained v from Xi w Knirlaid textile unions and although open friction developed with v local union members, he be.'jan again to stall the strikers, who were at that " time beginning to get very hungry. n it became so liot for MeMalmn that . after arranging for a solicitation of - funds from unions throughout the Caro'inas. he left Charlotte for good | and ahyo|iite|\ deserted the tin-u and women that he had called out upon the strike. Learning how they had been imposed upon and dispairing of ever getting back any of the $J50,000 that they had paid to the McMnhon organization, the strike began to go to pieces. The first break came at the Locke .Mills, where more than 300 went individually to the superintendent and applied for wcrrk. Serious friction and fighting developed between those who returned to work and an element of stiikers who sought to prevent them from working. It became nccessarv to send troons to Concord in order to protect those who wanted to return to work and Governor .Morrison emphatically stated that while he would have nothing to do with industrial disputes, the entire power of North Carolina would protect any and a'l men who wanted to exercise their right to work. Since that time the strikers, with the exception of a small contingent of the worst element, have returned to work at the same wages and under the same conditions as when the strike was pulled. There are no longer any questions ahout wages or hours, and so completely has the strike failed that during the past two weeks the entire efforts of the union has been towards getting the mills to re-emp!oy certain radical members. Those who walked out on June 1 have been fighting to get back the jobs which they left. The strike was called upon the grounds that excessive reduction in wages hail been made and. while the strikers no longer make any sueli claims, I wish to give the following facts: The wanes in the cotton mills of the south were advanced much faster during: the boom than those of northern mills, and the reduction was, therefore, greater during the decline. Tse highest reduction made by any of the mills affected by the strike was 5(1 per cent, and one of the groups had only reduced. 38 per cent. The mills affected by the strike, moreover, had not reduced their wage scales as much as other millp in the south. The operatives of the southern mills live in comfortable cottages in the mill villages, paying a rent of from 20 to 25 cents per room per week with lights and water furnished free, and upon the wages that they were receiving at the time of the strike they could live much better than the operatives of the New England miils who do not live in mill villages and have to pay high rents. The contention that the workers would starve upon the wages that they were receiving entirely disappeared following publicity showing, through a comparison of commodity prices, that the cost of living had declin/ed "more than the reduction in wages. The results of the strike may bo given as follows: The United Textile Workers collected from the cotton mill operatives an amount alleged to be in excess of $250,000 and have kept same in spite of the strenuous efforts of the strikers to get back part of it. The operatives in Charlotte-Coneord-Kannapolis lost more than $2,000,000 in wages during the strike. The merchants and business men of those cities lost the business that would have come to thorn through the distribution of the $2,000,000 in wages. Many small merchants around the mil's are bankrupt by reason of the credit that they extended to the husiru ss managers of the union and to individual strikers. No class of people has ever been more imposed upon man me couou mill operatives of Charlotte, Concord, and Kannapolis, and they have suffered severely because they trusted the union organizers who represented that, if they would pay regular dues they would l?c supported in idleness whenever they chose to strike. All but about 'foil of the 8,000 strikers are now back in the mills at the same i wages and under the same conditions as at the time of the strike, and all ' but a few of the remainder arc striving to get the mills to allow tin in to I return. There were no just grounds for the strike, and it was the most complete failure among a long list of failures that have resulted from the managc' nu nt of strikers by Thomas K. AIc' Million. Mr. McMahon Representing Labor. I shall endeavor, in my own way, t< pliiee the ease of the mill workers of the southland before you in such n way that nt least you will investigate for yourselves and see if such statements as 1 make arc facts. If not facts, then I should ho held up to publie scorn and forced by that scorn tr unit the labor movement. On thi other hand, if the} are true in all geni era! essentials, then a hue and cr> should be raised against those responsible for sueli un-American conditionf as ;ire allowed to continue for the sole purpose of collecting dividends at th< expense of humanity. The shutting down of f?00,00f spindles in the great manufacturing state of North Carolina w;is not dun< i for the purpose of showing the economic strength of the workers, but on tin 'contrary, was entered into after ever3 attempt had failed to smooth out tin difficulties existing between the mil owiu rs and the mill workers. V011 might well ask: What were tin difficulties? Why was it necessary a1 i('M)tiiiiifil <>u IM"o Srvni ) . DEFIED NAPOLEON Because of Her Love for Great Emperor's Brother. THE STORY OF BETSY PATTERSON ! I Baltimore Girl Loved Prince Jerome? Corsican Ended Romance With Imperial Annulment of Marriage After Dona Rofucorl fft Stephen Bonsai In the. New York Times. 1 In a Maryland manor house, once the scene of some splendor and long ago the center of much conivial gayety, two wedding garments are piously preserved and rare'y shown. They are eloquent memorials of a forgotten past, relics of the flrst international marriage between the New and the Old World. One is a purple satin coat covered with lace and richly embroidered. The tails, after the fashion of the directory, reach down to the heels, and it is lined with satin yellowed with age. The other is a simple dress of Indian muslin. The c'pthfs were worn Christmas eve, 1803, when Prince Jerome, younger brother of Napoleon, married Betsy | Patterson, daughter of a merchant nrinco of Baltimore. Bishop Carroll, ; Catholic primate of the United States ; pronounced the nuptial benediction. | From this union springs the line of the Maryland Bona parts, whose most i distinguished member, Charles Bona- | parte, a fierce fighter for civil service i reform ami attorney general and sec- ( rotary of the navy in President Koose- i veil's cabinet, died recently. . I Among the many things that the j hospitable people of Baltimore did not i know about their dashing young guest who came up the Patapsco on a French frigate is the fact that he was a lavish sp? nder anil, indeed, a waster, in his i early years, at least. To curb his extravagance and to remove him from ( j temptation, Jerome at Hi years old was , put in the navy and took part not | without credit in the Santo Domingo expedition. ' Their First Meeting. Jerome and Betsy met at a ^-ace track near the present site of the PLtnlico course. It is recorded ? *" a Maryland chronicler that on this day , the "Patterson filly won the sweepstakes." Betsy is said to have treated J Jerome with all the hauteur of her j seventeen summers, and the French I midshipman, then 18, became madly ' enamored. William Patterson, tin opulent fath\ er whose ships carried the American ! flag into the seven seas, was more impressed than the young people by | the semi-official protests about the j engagement, which was an open secret J even before the race meeting was over. ! He dispatched his madcap daughter to | visit an aunt in Virginia while the disconsolate Jerome went for a tour in the north. However, the lovers were not to be denied. In a few weeks they were back in town and the engagement was on again. Mr. Patterson gave a reluctant consent, and then what happened is best described in the terms of a letter which Pichon, the French consul in New York, received one fine morning fr?m M. Lccamus, Jerome's i secretary: Sir: I have the honor to announce' on behalf of M. Jerome Bonaparte that his marraige with Mile. Patterson was celebrated yesterday evening. He desires me to say that he is very anxious to receive the $4,000 as ho has pressing engagements to meet. Emperor Opposed the Marriage. Unbel t Patterson, a brother of the i bride, went to France immediately af-; tt r the wedding in an effort to straighten things out. but his mission was far ; from successful. Jerome was ordered, through "official channels," to report to Paris and he was strictly enjoined to leave "cette jeune person no," in Ann rica. Months of indecision followed and then months in which the decisions arrived at could not be carried out. Finally Jerome and Betsy, for separation and obedience was not to be thought of, embarked in New York on a French frigate with the ill-omened name of; Didon. They were chased back int?> I . ll.'iriMir li.V ?lil ai(u<uuvii ?..? IV | was in February, 180!?, that on board I I In- Kaiikec briR Krin and flyitiR tliej | raited Stall's flajr thoy arrived off tiie j mouth of the TaRlis. 11 .Jerome was litirried ashore and posted off to Paris, but Itctsy was not allowed to land. With a warm embrace the y parted for a few weeks and never ' met a en in as man and wife, if at all. Pope Denied Napoleon's Plea. In May, lXo.>, Napoleon who was in , Milan, wrote to tho pope in regard to >1 :in event which was then regarded as a : seven days' wonder. A halloon sent up in Taris had, reached Rome, and Na! pnleon wrote advising the pope to . I preserve it. so that future ages might j ,! wonder. Then, in tlie most careless | , way possible the great intriguer went | on to say; , I I have several times spoken to your ' j . holiness of a young brother, lit years i , old whom 1 sent out on hoard a frigate to America, and who, after a months' J stay at Baltimore, married a Frotest. ant, the daughter of merchant of ..that city. This young man has just I returned home. lie is aware of his. fault. I have sent hack Mile. Tatter-1 . son, his soi-disant wife, to America. t ! The marriage is null. A Spanish priest 1 AlilitMniiu i?f" lua flllt ifM; I J W.IJS M1IIU IV||il,> " mo ??u%*vni j iis In Ihoiu his lionorlirtioij. [J iesire a bull from your holiness which tha.ll efface all trace of this marriage. forward you several opinions on the iubject, one of which is written by Cardinal Caselli, whoso handwriting ,-ou will recognize. It would be easy or me to have the marriage broken by he archbishop of Paris, the Gallican Church not recognizing such unions; )ut it appears to me more suitable hat the immediate intervention of our holiness should give a greater imjortance to this affair if only because t concerns a member of a reigning touse. I beg your holiness not to give tublicity to this first communication, because, before you have agreed to t, I shall make no public demand. It s important, for many reasons, and n the interest of religion in France, mat I should not nave a I'rotestan: woman about me, and it would bo a iangerous example if a minor should so exposed to seductions which are it variance with the civil laws and all tinds of property. There were a number of misstatements in this letter. Jerome had not renounced his wife, who as yet had not been sent back to America, and instead of the imaginary Spanish piiest, the marriage hod been celebrated by Bishop Carroll of Baltimore, Catholic primate of the United States. Without seeking other advice, since Mapoleon had enjoined secrecy, his holiness the following June replied in these terms: We reserved exclusively for ourself the examination of the question submitted to our judgment. Wo have ourselves made all the necessary research's in order to discover if our apostolic authority could furnish us with some means for satisfying the desire of your majesty, and nothing would have given us greater pleasure than to enter into your views, but it has been impossible for us to discover a single one which permits us to declare the nullity of tun if! mnrrhifrp Napoleon was, of course, furious, and even months later he could write to his u-mbassador in Rome, at the time his kinsman, Cardinal Fesch, in the following strain: Since those dotards do not find it iimiss that a Protestant should occupy the throne in France, I shall send them a Protestant ambassador. I am religious, but I am not a hypocrite. Constantine separated the civil from the military service and I can nominate a senator to command in Rome in my name. As far as regards the pope, I am Charlemagne! I have united the crown of France to that of Lombard}*. tlnless they behave well, 1 shall reduce the pope to be bishop ot' Rome." Pius VII expostulated. He knew that with the exception of the affair ot Jerome's marriage the emperor had no real cause , for complaint. Shortly afterward Napoleon seized upon Ancona, confiscated what remained of the papal states and reduced the pope himself to captivity in Savona, because of the day dream which Mr. Midshipman Jerome dreamed a few years before on a race track near the present site or I'imiico in isaminure county. Shortly after his second marriage Jerome, now by grace of his Corsican brother king of Westphalia, sent his secretary, Lecamus, to America, to arrange matters. Lecamus, who had been in Baltimore and was a witness to the wedding, was ordered to secure possession at practically any cost of ' Bo," as his mother call the child of the union. He made offer of the duchy' of Sma'kalden and a pension of 200,000 francs a year for life, provided "Bo" should live near his father and be permitted to come to see him once a month. Betsy Patterson refused and when asked an explanation of the decision she said, "Westphalia is a small place, certainly not large enough for two queens!" The fact that later on Mme. Bonaparte consented to accept an allowance of 60,000 francs a year from Napoleon and refused an allowance of 200,000 francs from her quondam husband, Jerome, she herself explained by saying in one of her letters. "I prefer - 1 ' * ~ ~ mtnrr nf on OH rrl f? frt micncr uiimi inv: nmi, v/i en v-q.v being suspended from the bill of a goose!" When Jerome died in I860 he left "Ho" nothing, and Mme. Bonaparte appealed to the French courts in vain. Finally in Home, where many of the Bonapartes were sojourning, after the empire's fall, a marriage was arranged between "Bo," Betsy's son, and Charlotte, the second daughter of Joseph Bonaparte. Mme. Bonaparto seems to have been for a time in the seventh heaven of delight. But the plans fell through. After another attempt to marry "Bo" to a Bonaparte, this time the daughter of Eliza, Napoleon's eldest sister, the boy took the bit between his teeth and in 1820 married an American girl who was suitable in everyway?except that Mme. Bonaparte's matrimonial schemes were defeated. She stopped "Bo's" allowance for a time, just as Napoleon had done in case of her youthful husband, Jerome. "Bo" died in 1S70, when his eldest son Jerome, was fighting in the French army against the German invaders and Charles Bonaparte was at .school in New ungiana. .nme. x.onaparte was then a very o!d woman, and l>y her own choice, very much alone. The many houses in town or country which she had inherited or purchased were a'l closed or rented and when she was in Baltimore, to which she (Continued on Pare Seven.) / * FlOHTlNfi HATS ' How the Government is Getting SM oi Them. DESTROY MILLIONS IN PROPERTY * ' Rodents Can be Destroyed Anywhere if Proper Methods Are Used?Take* Time and Care. By Frederick J. Haskin. Washington, D. C.,?It has recently been demonstrated in two quarters that the government of the United States is more than a match for rets and mice. This is no slight compliment. Generally speaking, the rats and mico hsvs the run of the earth and live on the bounty of man despite all he can do to prevent it. The facts about the damage done by rats and mice, and the rate at which they increase, as ascertained by the learned professors of the Biological Survey, have been published before, but it is necessary here to state them again so that you will be sure to appreciate the importance of this subject. Be it known then that rats and mice in this country every year destroy property valued at 1:200,000,000, and that an army of 200,0)0 men may be considered as employed solely in sup- . porting these little household and garden pests. The common brown rtt breeds six to eight times a year, and a pair of rats in three years would have 359,709,482 descendants if all the chil- ? ^ciron lived and did well. The wonder is that there is room on earth for anything except rats. The government recently found that several parts of its premises in and about Washington were rapidly approaching a condition in which the rata were the main things and the govern mental activities incidental and some* what unprospcrous. The most conspicuous of these places was the Nay' tional zoo. There were a great many more rats in the zoo than ail "other animals combined, and the rats probably ate a great deal more of the expensive food doled out than did all the other inmates. Visitors in the zoo could see rats at any time, and in the evening they could observe them extensively. The rats frolicked about the walks in ~ large family parties, going from one enclosure to another sampling the different kind of food. They Doid no attention at all to the visitors, and if a rock was thrown at them they registered resentment rather than fright. Zoos Home for date. All Z003 are wont to be rat-infested, and it should be said that the Washington zoo was not as bad as most of them, but It was bad enough. The trouble with killing rats in a zoo is that If poison is used, other animals are sure to eat it, while with traps there is more or les3 danger to thsm. ' In the Washington zoo the trouble is increased by tho fact that squirrels, rabbits, guinea fowls ar.d turkeys roam the grounds at large. The zoo officials therefore let the rats more or less alone, but after a while the zoo became inadequate for their support and they began Invading the residences which fringe it on iW sides. The residents raised a howl of protest. They demanded that the gorernment either keep its rats at home or kill them. The Biological Survey, which has a corps of scientific experts in the extermination of all kinds of predatory animals, was called into consultation and a man was detailed to zoo problem. He solved it by the use of spring traps. The zoo rat colony, it is learned, has been greatly reduced and it is confidently expected that it will be abolished. The destruction rats and mice on a large scale is a problem for experts. The Biological survey is willing to give advice on the subject If those who are losing money through the work of rats should consult it. Traps must be used in soipe places and pol3on in others, while in yet others rat-proofing is the only ef-, fective measure. All of these things must be done right to be effective. Dr. Fowler, the public health officer of Washington, has issued a special warning against the careless use of poison. Children and domestic animals are enI dangcred by it unless it is used with i the utmost skill and care. After clearing up the zoo, the gov ornmont ratters turned, their attention to the St. Elizabeth hospital for the insane, which swarmed with rats even more than did the zoo. Veritable herds of them could be seen on the grounds in broad daylight. It is said that in this place, ioo, good progress is being made in the work of extermination. Rats Killed Trees. The government's most distressing rat problem, however, is now being met on the experimental farm at Arlington, Virginia. This rich tract of land, which was formerly the estate of General i Robert E. Lee, is now used by the dej partmont of agriculture for experij mental work. It was recently discovered that forty fruit trees on the farm were dying as the result of damage done to their roots by mic? and rata working underground, whilo it was nrobable that a great many other trees' had been weakened in the same way. |.And these were no ordinary orchard, trees. Each of them had some special experimental significance, and each of them represented 20 years of care. It will take another 20 years to replace ! them. Professor Silver, the most eminent of the Biological Survey rodent killers, (Continued on Fage Eight.) /