University of South Carolina Libraries
f . - ' ? ^ semi-weekly. ^ v^ ^^ ^ ^ ^, ...i[ l. m. grist's sons, publishers. ' ?, Jjamitn $1 ttcspajjer: 4tr tlit JDromofion of (he political, jsociat, Jgriculiupl and (Commercial .Interests ef tlicfeogty. _ T'ER"^fcEco^ri NcENTsfN'!e ESTABLISHED 1S55 YORK, S. C., P'RIDAY, JUKE 24/1921. ' NO. 50 1 for an examination so that their cases may be properly adjusted. The Fcder- 1 al Board of Vocational Training is assisting the burea*u of war risk insurance to establish the status of all outstanding cases of disabled ex-service 1 men. Former disabled ex-service men who have not complied with former 1 requests to report to a public health ' officer for examination, are urgently requested to do so. Cases of soldiers 1 who are due a government compensation for injuries incurred during their 1 army service will be speedily settled for ' after an examination by the public 1 health physician and receipt of his re- '' port in Atlanta at the compensation ' and claim division of the bureau of war risk insurance. 1 lie following is an official request from the bureau of war risk insurance to all disabled cx-ser- ' vice men who have been requested to ' report to the public health physician i' for examinations: The bureau of war ! risk insurance is carrying i>n a clean- ' up campaign to gather together at the: earliest possible date all reports "f ;1 physical examinations which have:1 been requested of claimants, but for 1 which they have not reported. H is 1 absolutely impossible for the bureau ' *n oriiitriircito n claim unless the claim ant reports for physical examination < when requested to do so. The bureau wishes to settle all claims as quickly ' as possible, but it is powerless to act I without the co-operation of the claim- 1 ant. The bureau, therefore, asks that 1 all disabled ex-service men who have s been requested to report for physical < examination, to do so immediately, in 1 order that their claims may he set- 1 tied." I \Famous Indian Fight, in conversation with Prof. it. j. ' llcrndon, of Yorkville a few days ago!' Views and Interviews was reminded ' that tomorrow is the 45th anniversary of the Battle of the Little Big Horn, more commonly known as the "Custer 1 Massacre." ! The hutile of the "Little Big Horn" ' figures as one of the most nut able in 1 the annals of all the Indian lighting ' that has taken place in America, and ' more than usual local interest has been attached for the reason that a 1 large part of the 7th Cavalry engaged had just previously spent some time in ' Yorkville, having been sent here in ' connection with the Ku Klux uprising. Prof. Hcrndon, a native of Yorkville, ! and many of whose boyhood recollections were intimately connected with the old Seventh Cavalry, has made ! himself quite an authority on the But- 1 tic of tin* Little Big Horn, lie lias I been nvcr the baltleneni, nas umwi . at length with Curley, the Crow scout, | lias corresponded with Miss Custer, with Capt. Godfrey and has liven in touch with many other sources of information. "The Seventh Cavalry." said Prof, llcrndon, "included eleven troops, of which three were stationed in Ynrkvillc. These were K. IJ and L. K was made up of Jiay horses. I) of P.iaek Imrscs and L of Sorrel horses. "I remember very well Ca plain Godfrey 1n command of Troop K hut ij tin not remember now who commanded ! the other troops. These troops went J away from here at different times and ; Troop Ij was anion/; those commanded | iiv Custer and who suffered massacre. Troops K and D were under Beiiteen ' and escaped." "You remember also thai Capt. i George 1">. Wallace, of this place, who! was afterward killed, at Wounded Knee in 1SD0, was at the Bittlo Big I lorn | battle under Major Heno." Tliis account of the famous battle is clipped from the New York Herald of j last Sunday: "On June !!?, the forty-lifth anniversary of Custer's last light. members of the American Legion of Wyoming and Montana and 500 Indians i from northwestern reservations will J reproduce on the historic battlefield! this memorable engagement between live depleted companies of'the thrilling Seventh Cavalry and HJiort Sioux* VIEWS AND INTERVIEWS Brief Local Paragraphs of More or J.ess Interest. PICKED BP BY ENQUIRER REPORTERS Stories Concerning Folks and Things Some of Which You Know and Some You Don't Know?Condensed For Quick Reading. "The best bid we could set for movinp: common earth in connection with our road operations a year apo," saia ivir. vv. t. jseamguara, cnairman i of the King's Mountain Township road | commission Wednesday, "was 69 cents a cubic yard, and Yve had to make that bid ourselves to establish a price. The " lowest bid submitted to the West Road Commission for this same work, I noi'ce was 25 cents, which seems to indicate that things arc getting back to normal with a vengeance. For Final Readjustment. Information has been received by S. C. Groescel, local supervisor of the Columbia office of the Federal Board of Vocational Training, that an extensive campaign is. to be conducted in this district during the next tY\*o weeks by the bureau of war risk insurance to make final adjucation of all claims , for compensation due disabled ex-service men. Personal letters and circulars are being mailed to all disabled former ex-service men whose rating is undetermined, urging them to report Chcyennes and B'ackfect. To the United Slates in 1S7R, thriilcd and shocked by this sudden disaster to its small army, the engagement was the ! Custer massacre. But today it is rec- 1 ognized as a battle, the battle of the Little Big Horn, in which the strongest, nation of our wild frontier, backed by j friends and allies, made its last supreme effort in the defense of what it considered its rights. "Xo Indian battle has given rise to more controversies. Every white man directly engaged was killed. The red men alone were ab'.c to tell in detail what actually happened. The version of Curlcy the Crow, the scout, one of the last men to see Custer alive, was i never wholly accepted. The accounts i of Captain Benteen and Captain God- ] frey, both of the Seventh, written with i a considerable degree of impartiality i and authoritativeness, were in parts niinotinno/i TVin bitterness of the con troversy around the part which Major Reno had, in the disaster has not after forty-five years died out. "Besides, the battle was the peat tragedy in a general movement toward the supression of the hostile activities of the rebellious Indians in the north- ( west, which called into the field such 1 distinguished Indian fighters as Alfred H. Terry, George Crook, John Gibbon and Anson Mills, and such scouts as c Sergeant Jimmie Flarinagan, Louis Richard, and William F. Cody. All of r these entered in the controversy at 1 one or more of its phases. The red participants in the fight denied the ; charge of the mutilation of the dead s and praised the bravery of Custer and c his men, but never gave a satisfactory account of the battle. An old Cheycn- c lie, explaining how the white soldiers ' were wiped out, placed small pieces of twigs carefully in the ground, then, r crushing them together by a'swift mo- 1 tion of his hands, "he ground them to hits in It's palms and dropped them at ' his feet. c "It is the Indian version of the bat- 1 tic which will guide in its anniversary * reproduction. Custer arrived at the 1 scene of the battle on the night of * June 24; he had intended to make his * attack on June 25, but what he saw c md the conditions which he found de sided h:m to begin action on June 2a. . lie advanced down a ridge toward 1 ho ' water; a doe]) coulee lay directly in ,l front of him. On each side of the s ridge was low ground covered with 1 bushes, affording hiding places for his a foe. The Indians, quickly seizing this * advantage, swam the river, and conTaring I hem solves along the ridge. ' wailed until Ouster ami his command J' reached a knoll. Chief Chill gave the signal, and the Indians arose on all : -tides. The main light, the Indians a say. lasted not more than twenty 1 minutes. When the smoke cleared c away Custer and 211 of his men lay n lead on the field. "hut overwhelming as this defeat appeared, it marked the beginning of is the end of the Indian uprisings in the Ic northwest. Tlic war was renewed 1 ivith stubbornness by the government |" ind carried on with vigor by the army ji! tlespite the terrible hard ships of theja campaigns; a few lines from Cencral'r Charles King's report indicate what. ? these were: 'The order was issued.: t three horses to be shot each night in |l each battalion: anil lay that time mast : >f them, like their riders., were scare- (l rows." d "Tnrtnv we look back through the c perspective of forty-five years upon ! t Lhe Indian wars of the '70s, upon the !d small force of inj? Regulars who j I . lea red I he way across I lie continent In for the settler and home builder and;' cuankrl the wide frontier with no hnpp;t >f honor if they were victorious and no j I ' hope of mercy if they fell. It was to , I Ihem a thankless tusk, a perilous ser- jc vice. a. war in which the soldier had]a little lo .uuin and all to lose, a warfare. |t is fJeneral King expressed it, "Which it had absolutely nothing to hold the ' soldier stern and steadfast to the end t bill tbe solemn sense of soldier duty.' 1 and the American Regular proved him- > self worthy of the trust then as he did t ever before and has ever since." j*1 11 ? School Money for the Counties.? f State Superintendent of Education J. j, 15. Swenringon yesterday distributed 11 urnnnj; -In counties tlie income de- r rived from the permanent school fund j in the hamls of tbe stale treasurer and j the sum collected from the dispensary | winding up commission. The amount , available from this income is $0,1-12.75 ( and from the dispensarv haJancc, $-7,- , 413 ' j, I nder the constitution of 1S95 the', proceeds of all escheated pro|?erty I, most be added to the permanent school fund. The principal now in the hands j, of the state treasurer is a fraction be- j low $(i(i.(iiMi, says Mr. Swearingen. The : 1 income is to be apportioned among the') ^ 11 I . several counties nn tlie nasts in union-: ineni as shewn h.v the last preceding L report, of ilie state superintendent of , education. t The winding up eomniission of the i old state dispensary eolleets frein time i to time funds on real estate sales, j These eolleetions depend largely upon J; lutsiness conditions. This money is ( also to he apportioned among the' counties on the basis of enrollment. The postponement of taxes, says Mr. L Swenringcn, has delayed school rev- , enues in many counties. Several cun-ij ty treasurers report an exceptionally i heavy number of executions. The clis-1; trfhution of these funds will, it isji hoped, aid the schools in many coun- j ties to close the year free of debt.-?I Columbia Slate. ( COMPULSORY EDUCATION Full Text of Statute as Recently Amended. BASED ON DESIRE OF MAJORITY VOTE i . ; Teachers must Keep Record of Attendance and Report the Same to the County Superintendent of Education Before he Can Approve the Pay Warrants. The new law regarding compulsory attendance has never been published in York county. The text of it is ' presented herewith for the informa:ion of the public. Am Act to Regulate School Attendance 1 of All Children Within Certain Ages) and Provide for the Enforcement Thereof. Section 1. Be it enacted by the general assembly of the state of South Carolina: That every parent, guardian 1 >r other person having charge of any 1 :hild between eight and fourteen years ' )f age, inclusive, must send such child 1 :o a public, private or parochial school .0 a competent tutor, subject to the 1 ipproval of the county superintend- 1 mt of Education, for four consecutive nonths, or eighty consecutive school 1 lays, during the scholastic year that 1 he school attended, is in session: Pro- 1 rided, That in case the term of any ! ;chool is less than four months, or 1 sighty school days, attendance for the ' ull term of such school shall be suffi- 1 dent to meet the requirements of this 1 ict, except as hereinafter provided. ' 2. Upon the written petition of a 1 najority of the qualified electors rcsia- 1 ng in any district requesting the at- ( endanco of pupils on school through- ' iul the full term, the County Board 1 >l Education shall order such attend.- 1 tnce hereunder. This Act- shall not ' hortcn the period of school attendance 1 n any district where a longer school 1 erm than four months is now main- ' ained and attendance is required un- < ler the local option law. < 3. That any child whose physical, * nental or moral condition unfits it ' or attendance at school is exempt from 1 he requirements of Section 1; that ' uch child, must be designated as unfit >.v a person competent to judge and < ppointcd to do so by the County I Jnard of Education. ( 4. That any child living more than t wo and-om^haif -miles from any pub- |t ic, private or parochial school, and < nv child under twelve years of age i iving more than two miles from such < . school, may claim exemption from J he requirements of Section 1: Provid- 1 d. That any pupil living within one ( nile of any regular route of a school t ragon may not claim exemption. 1 B. That any private or practical t chool attended, by any child between t ight and fourteen years of age shall 1 ie first approved by the State Board 1 ? .1 -i it oi.hnnl miliit five I 'I iliUUCUUUIl. OUt.ll ... a- - ts instruction in the English language c nd it must teach such subjects as arc r cquired in a similar public school in f iuuth Carolina anil be supervised by 1 he County superintendent of edtica- l ion or supervisor of public schools. f>. It shall bo the duly of the board 1 >f trustees of each school district to t Lelermine at what lime the period of ? umpulsory attendance shall start in i heir respective districts, and to post r lue notice thereof in at least three t >ublie places or by publishing in a i icwspnper circulating in their said dis- ' rict pt least thirty days before the ? ime so fixed for the period of com- < nilsory attendance to begin. Every t iarent or guardian having charge of a l hild or children between the years' of even and fourteen years, inclusive, i inlcss an attendance officer is main- ( ained in their district, shall make a . eport to the chairman of the board of | rustees of his or her district on the ] ast Friday in July of each year, show- j ng the names of all such children in | heir charge, tlie age, sex and race, ; ...i .v.mn !i?,i incal address of the j IJIU illlliiu Mi.W in rent or guardian of each such child; i ind any parent or guardian having | '.hurgo of such child or children who shall fail to make such report at the , ;ime aforesaid, or shall willfully make j m incorrect report, shall be subject : ii such line or imprisonment as is V'reinaftor imposed for non-attendance, t shall be the duty of the chairman f the board of trustees of each school listrict to make a report of such children and to send a copy of the said eport to the county superintendent of education of their respective counties lot later than the 1 nth day of August j >f each year and also to supply a list >f Hie names of such children to the respective teachers of the schools ivhich the said children should attend; Provided, That the hoard of Trustees of any school district or group of districts may nominate tiic ounty hoard of education or, in ease nf a. special independent school district, as in the larger towns and cities, to the superintendent or supervisor of public schools for such district, an itlcndance officer for the district or districts, whose duty it shall be to Lake a census during the months of July and August of each year of all children in hi.- or her district affected by this act and. make such report as is hereinabove required, to be made by trustees in districts where no such itlcndance officer Is maintained and such other duties as are hereinafter imposed. Any child ineligible to atlend the public schools shall lie repnrli;i[ by the attendance officer or hoard of trustees, as the case may be, to the county superintendent of education, who shall transmit such report to the executive head of the proper state school for such special cljild; Provided, j That the county board of educaluni ' of any county, with the written approval of the cotftity-superintendent of education and of a majority of the county legislative delegation, may employ for such period as they deem necessary, a county attendance officer to perform the services herein developed upon the district attendance officer, for all the districts of the county; and the expenses of such attendance officer shall be prorated among the districts of the county in proportion to }he funds available for the support of the respective school districts. 7. The various county superintend ents of education shall, at the time of making their regular annual report < to the state superintendent of education, make a report of the number of children in their respective counties within the ages prescribed by this statute, the average attendance of such j children, the total number of absences during the period of compulsory at- , tendance showing numlber excused and the number of convictions under this ( statute and amount of revenue derived j from penalties under this statute. , It shall be the duty of each teacher to make a monthly report of all absences, together with the excuses for such , ibsenccs, if any excuses be given, , showing which have been previously j sported according to provisions here- j nafter made in this statute, and which , cave been excused by the teacher and } no teacher's pay warrant shall be ap- , >roved by the trustees unless such re- , port is attached-. The trustees shall , then consider the absences excused by the teacher, and if, fn their opinion, i the excuse is. not sufficient shall so re- ( port to the superintendent of educa- ( tion, who shall proceed as in cases of j jnexcused absences, sso county auperintondent of education shall approve any teacher's pay .warrant unless such report is attached, and "in . jase of violation of this provision the :ounty superintendent, of education shall become liable on his official bond . .'or the amount of any .teacher's pay , .varrant or warrants approved by him . eceiving the said report. 8. That it shall be the further duty )f each attendance officer to receive 'rom the superintendent .or principal if any school within the district or erritory the name of every child be.ween eight and fourteen years of age ibscnt from school, and- to ascertain rom the parent or guardian of .^uch :hi!rl thn reason for such absence. If iuch absence is due to any other than jrovidential cause or causes or to such :ause or causes as would seriously , mdanger the health of the child, such J parent or guardian must be Notified o appear before the nearest magis- J .rate--at a special time to show why ] n,- ?iir> should not be punished for lis or her neglect; Provided That the ittend.ance officer may in his or her iiscretion, excuse any absence. A full ] ecord of such excused absences, to- J tether with the reason thereof, shall ' ie filed monthly with the county su- ( icrintcndent of education. 9. Thiit all attendance officers shall ' lave the right to require a birth cer.ificate or an affidavit as to the age of ' my child in his or her district or ter- 1 itory. They shall have the further 1 ight to visit any place of employment ' o ascertain if any child between eight ind fourteen years of age is employed. 1 These officers shay keep a record of ' ill notices served, and cases prosecut-!' ;d, and shall make a full report of hem once a month to the county ( ward of education. 10. That any parent, guardian or ithcr person having charge of any .-i?^ fn lh0 nrovisions of this) :hua suojuuc t.. ? A.cl who wilfully neglects or refuses to comply with the provisions,. or any ' person, firm or corporation who shall 1 induce such child to violate same shall jc deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, ; ind upon conviction thereof before any ; magistrate, be fined not less than five nor more than ten dollars, or be imprisoned, not less than five nor more limn ten days. All fines collected under this Act are to be paid into the school fund for such district in which said offense was committed. 11. It shall be the duty of each teacher, principal or superintendent of any school to notify at once the attendance officer, or the county superintendent of education, in case there be no attendance officer, in the said district. of the absence, unless within a week of such absence, written excuse is made which is. in the opinion of the teacher, sufficient, during the period of compulsory attendance, of any child between eight and fourteen years of age from school, and the teacher1 or principal or superintendent wilfully neglecting or refusing to report .'iny absence to the attendance officer or the superintendent of education incase no attendance officer is employed, shall have deducted from his or her salary! fur iiiL. current month five ?5.00) dollars for each offense, the same iu i he deducted hy the superintendent of I education: Provided, Thai when any child within the ages specified in this section shall have completed four months, or eighty school days, of consecutive attendance, it shall be given a certificate by the teacher showing such fact, and no further absences shall he reported against the said child, regardless of whether the period of attendance commenced, at the time (Continued on Page Eight.) J DIBGING UP JERUSALEM Some Age-Old Mysteries in Way of ' Solution. ^5Sl UNDEB, THE DOME OF :.THLiBQCK ; ?. ifl'.iiliijlr Turks Would Not Permit Christians to Approach, Much Less Explore, the Places They Regard as Holy; But Now Christians are in Control to Do as They See Proper. (Frederick J. Haskin.) With Jerusalem out o? Turkish power, an excavation beneath the celebrated Dome of the Rock, one of the mystery places of the world, is being planned. To scientists who read history In rv1 /I An ovisl K5f? r\P rtAffnmr iuuuuaiiuiio emu mho uj, this Dome of the Rock has long been regarded as a tantalizing treasure trove. Here, Solomon's temple undoubtedly stood until its ruined walls were buried beneath a mass, of debris. Over this other temples were built and destroyed and the present Dome of the Rock was erected, so that the walls of Solomon's famous temple must be sought a hundred feet beiow the surface. Further down still where the treasure vaults and secret places of the old temple were, science hopes perhaps to find some of the gold and jewels of the temple, or even the Ark of the Covenant. It is certain that unexplored subterranean passages exist in this xrea, and what is more likely than that the priests carried down their treasures to safety when the temple was threatened with destruction? , , Until now there has been no chance for excavators to prove or disprove their theories. The Turks guarded the ;cmple area with fierce strictness, hold ng it only a little less sacred than the sacred mosque at Mecca. The reason for this extreme Moslem levotion was a great brown rock, 60x45 feet long and over four feet high, vhich figures prominently in ivj.una.m nedan history. From this rock, Molammcd is said to have mounted his iorse, A1 Burak, the lightning, and to lave ridden off to heaven. The footprints of the prophet left a dent in the ock which any one may see to this lay. The rock aspired to follow the irophct and started up a few inches put the Angel Gabriel put a finger on .he surface and saved it to the chilIren of earth. Hence another.dent.in he rock, also plainly visible. ' ** This rock is further to be venerated ;he guides say, because it is the center nf the earth, and 18 miles nearer to leaven than any other place. Here Noah's Ark rested after the flood, and icre Abraham prepared to offer up his <on as a sacrifice. Lest this is not sufficient local color, the guide adds that icre too Jacob had his angelic vision. - - t n 1 Where Mohammea rray CQi | It is, moreover, a desirable place in vhich to pray. There is a record that Mohammed prayed here in a cavern aeneath the rock, after which he dejreed that prayers here were one .housand times as efficacious as those ;rom less holy places. All these associates and many more mike every inch of the rock sacred to :he Moslems.* Back in the seventh cenurywhen the last of the Jewish terrifies had been destroyed and the place ay deserted and covered with refuse, :he Turks cleared off the rock and ouilt over it a beautiful building, with fiue tiled dome, colored marble pillars, stained glass windows, and soft rugs L>n the floor. In this dim, octagonshaped hall, the rock has reposed ever since, guarded by screens of iron and ivood. Less than a hundred years ago, it ivould have meant death to a Christian or a Jew to venture inside the dome of the rock, as the building was called. And when feeling became less intense, lonn- us the Turks held Jerusalem, an unbeliever was permitted in the building only when accompanied by native guides. With all precautions, the most devout of the Mohammedans protested against foreign interest in the holy rock. Two American women were shot at one day by a fanatic who resented their intrusion in the hollow beneath the rock where Mohammed prayed. Archeologisls were regarded with special suspicion. Scientists interested in excavations in Jerusalem tried every possible moans to get permission to explore the ground beneath the big rock, but with scant success. The Tyrks opposed any digging because it was prohibited for any one to touch the rock. Once a year, at a special ceremony, a high functionary dared to dust off the surface rinst. which was sold, as ana uuuc^L. ?.? >, , si potent cure for sore eyes. The regions below the rock, too, the Turks wished kept free from contaminsitiun. They did not agree exactly what was beneath the surface. Some believed that the rock must rest on the branches of a palm tree ut the roots of which all the rivers of the world had their source. Others held that the rock was just over Paradise, and still others thought it led down to Hades. In any ease, it was unanimously agreed among the Moslems that the rock was no place for a mortal to go poking round. A Secret Exploration. One bold attempt to solve some of the fascinating mysteries was made by several , Englishmen seme ten years ago. They found a curator who saw no harm in their digging around the place, provided the arrangements were satisfactory to him and no damage was.; done. The scientists were allowed to dig and explore when the building was empty. It was a hazardous ^business, because all day long Moslems came to, regard the precious rock. After a few hours work at night all traces of disturbed ground and all tools must be carefully concealed. With these disadvantages, the Englishmen made little progress before they were'.discovered. They fled the city at once, even while the irate Mohammedans were crying to the authorities for. their imprisonment and death. Another excavator received permission from the civil authorities to explore beneath the rock in the cavern where Mohammed prayed. But he got only a little way with his digging when antagonism became so intense that permission had to be withdrawn". Now the restrictions of Turkish scrupulousness are removed. The temple area has as many historic and religious associations for the Christian and the Jew as It had for the Turk, but both of the former would like the templfe mysteries solved. The ark of the covenant, even such fragments as might remain, after all these years, would be of Infinite value to ?he Jews, most of whom have avoided the temple area for fear of treading ov?r the spot where the ark or the law of Moses may be hidden. The tablets of the law were kept in the ark in the innermost part of the temple. The reason for thinking that they may be found here is that Jeremiah, the prophet, was said to have hidden the ark on Mt. Moriah, the hill on which the dome of the rock stands. The seven-branched candlestick which was one of the roost prominent temple furnishings is another missing relic. This candlestick was unique being five feet high, of beaten gold and worth about $25,000 in our money. After Titus sacked Jerusalem he is supposed to have taken it to Rome to be carried in his triumphal procession. This is borne out by the carvings on the Arch of Titus in Rome showing the candlestick as it was carried. Whetner.it ever found its way back to Jerusalem is not known. These are the most eagerly sought relics of the temple, but in addition there are an me gum a.uu, stones which the people of Israel poured Into its vaults'to'be accounted for. The gold and silyer alone collected before the temple was built are supposed to have been worth two' or even three billions of dollars. Much of- this wealth was no doubt seized upon by the plunderers of Jerusalem. But so many passages honeycombed Mount Moriah that archaeologists think it not unlikely that some of the treasure was safely disposed of. ... The old foundations are so deeply embedded in the ground that it will take much time and careful labor to excavate the area without injury to existing structures. In the end, if no treasure or ancient relics are discovered, at least the mystery of what the sacred rocks conceals need no longer puzzle either science or the Turk. COOLIDGE TALKS SENSE World Must Rely More on Spiritual Force and be Less Selfish. Spiritual values are the only reliance of the world in trying to meet present problems, Vice President Calvin Coolidge said in an address at the opening exercises of the centennial celebration of Amherst College last Monday. The ~ " *J Kn rlnnp " work or ine worm mu ?v?, ? , he said, "unless it is done from a motive of righteousness." After recalling that Amherst College was founded for the purpose of "civilizing and evangelizing the world by the classical education of indigent young men of piety and. talent," Vice President Coolidge said: "Individuals and nations are at the present time afflicted with great burdens. As a result of the readjustment which has taken place during the last year, men find their resources very much impaired, with no corresponding reduction of their expenses. Often times both capital and credit have been fairly exhausted. The nations of the earth are struggling under a great load of | debt incurred and resulting from the war. The raising of sufficient revenues to meet the cost of government is not only a grievous burden, but in some cases, has not yet been found possible. "The question that confronts us on every hand, whether in the consideration of private or public interests, is how these burdens can be borne. It | can scarcely be said that they should ?SGCUre a be oorne suiti,y m >-.i? resulting prosperity. "The world must look for something more than prosperity in the present situation. The individual must look for something more than wages and profits for his compensation. Unless this satisfaction can be found by proceeding: in the day of right and truth and justice, the search for it will fail. The material things of life cannot stand alone. Unless they are sustained by the spiritual things of life, they are not sustained at all. The I work of the world, will not be done unless it is done from a motive or righteousness." ? French scientists who experiment with radium are using gloves lined with lead. Wooden tables lined with lead save the legs of the experimenters and the rest of the body is protected by thin metallic sheets. NEWSPAPER ETHP ,; Missouri Publishers Woo^d piratrCcrapreiienslre iiobs. ; ! TRUTH BASIS OF POD JOURNALISM Although the' Newspaper ie the^P^p- ' ?rty of tho P-ublisher th? First Duly ' of the Publisher is.to/tjh^Piiblfcji^ He Must Not Use this Confident?.w? Public Has in His Newspaper/in - Self Purpose. '^W (From The Publisher's Auxiliary). The meeting- of- lhe>-/2^spu#V$^9s association held.- recently 'at. ^issoUgl, university- at-jColumbia,: Mo.y. was 'not only largely attended, but :the<-seasitais .were of unusual .jnteneat--* /' )' ' The most important. matter; ^before the association was the adoptiott-ot;'a code of ethics, which had be eh*, pre par- i ed by William So^hern^ Jr.,/editor"of The Independence Exanilner.-.r.'vh.7 ' Declaration of principles and: code' of t; practice! .-j: ' c--' . Preamble,. ,.UtVc!.V" \ ^ . V ' i In America, where the stability of the governmert rests upon the approval of the people,"., it is essential . that newspapers, vth?,^ediuin;.. through which the people draw their information, be de.velppedyito..'a^ifgh point of efficiency,^ .stabl^t^;1 impartiality. aiid. . Integrity. .^The/future^pf- the 'republic depends on the maintenance of a, high standard-among journalists.. Suchyja standard cannot be maintained unless the motives ancTconduct of the men?--. - - - -. . J J < ' r.~,' bers of our profession. are such*, as merit approval and confidence/ '' - tjj, The' profession, ofrti entitled to stand. si^^byVsl^^yrtt^,'file, other lea^nedi..pro^e3?|fti^^i' iiv far more than . any* .^tfc^^^liY-woyen with the Iin^s of |mbUc.,|e^ce,'. .The journalist cannot conside^pis*; pijofes- . sion rightly unless, .h^.ri4^9nize^)w' obligation to the pablt^^^e^pn^r* > does not belong solely/ and is not .fulfilling; ' tions if devoted.^selflshiy^A^^^re^l^ the Missouri i .Press"; 'aiso^^tlpnV'JPrt^-r ents the following prindflj^V eral guide, not as a '8et'?^^.^f^irjn^* for the practice ot We declare as a ^ - . ciple that'truth is .ill <^r' rect journalism. TO 'go tta -truth, -eithOTj'0iin ,'hreOdl^^i<t?^;li^ subversive of goodT"journSTlaTo suppress the truth, whearii'v'propej^> belongs-to the public, is a" betrayal ;6'f public faith. . ; Editorial comment should ahvjiys 'be . fair and just and not " 'controlled ;iby business or political expediency. Nothing: should be prated' editorially which the writer will' not^Veadily acknowledge as his owh.:lrfr*ptohtfd: Control of news oir comnfen^'for business considerations is Kot^Worthy of a newspaper. The' news ' should be' covered, writtpn and inteprefed.' wholly, j and at all times in the interest of th? I [ public. Advertisers have no claim .-pjq^. newspaper favor except in their, capI acity as readers and as members of the community. ' -* No person who controls the-policy of a newspaper should it the same time hold office or have affiliations; the duties of which conflict with the public service that his newpaper should render. r i ^ Advertising. ?t is not good ethics nor ?ood business to accept advertisements that are dishonest, deceptive or misleading^.. Concerns or individauls who want to use your columns to sell questionable stocks or anything else which? piton*, ise great returns for small lnyeatmg4t should always be investigated. Our readers should be protected' frorm'ad-, vertising sharks. Rates should be ed at a figure and' never cut . The:! '"L~-?* - Aon} onH t.hfi reaaer aeservea a. o^uai ?~ advertiser the same kind'"^df: treat-*" ment. r. ,y! Advertising disguised as' news or editorial advertising, especially should show at a glance tbat.jtjs advertising. It is just as.bad..to be bribed by the promise of political patronage as to be bribed by pdU?iral,<&?h,.. , . ; To tear down a competitor in order to build up one's self is, not good business, nor is It ethical. Newspapercontroversies should never enter njews.- . paper columns. Gool ^business demands the same treatment , to a competitor that one would like for a competitor to give to one's self. Create new business rather-'than try to take away that of another. Advertising should never be. demanded from a customer simply because he has given it to another par.or Mm-it, nroduct and service should - r., be the standard. VC Subscription. ' The claiming: of more subscribers *'V than are actually on the paid list " in" order to secure larger advertising prices is obtaining 'money under false pretenses. .The advertiser is entitled to know just what' he is getting for his money, just what the newspaper isselling to him. Subscription lists made up at normal prices or secured by means of'premiums' or contests are to be strictly avoided. ' Our Code. ' In every line of journalistiovendea^f or we recognize and proclaim our obligation to $he public, our duty to regard always, the, trutb,;to deal'; and alk humbly before* the gospof'bf unselfish ..service, ' r'v ' ? ' "** 'r rl 1 m'i'i w * ' n '