University of South Carolina Libraries
ISSUED 9EUI-WElBL^ = l m grist's sons. publishers. | ^ ojfautilg <Jtoirspa|)?i[ i c^or tlu{ jDromotion of th$ political, Social, gUjri^ultunl and <?ommei[cial Jntercsfs of thj| Jkopty. j ER^n^^coptffi^kncijrwanck ESTABLISHED 1855 YOKK, S. C. FRIDAY. FEBRUARY 28. 1919. ~~ ]STO. 17 PRESIDENT REPO League of Nations Is an A ican 1 ME. WILSON CONFIDENT What the Great Charter Is < inanity Is Willing to S to the Source That Made Hundreds of thousands of people lined the streets of Boston last Monday morning: and the procession of the presidential party was greeted with j continuous cheers and applause of the multitudes everywhere. The police and military arrangements were so perfect that it would have seemed impossible) for evil-disposed persons, if any there ! were on hand, to carry out their de-, signs, and nothing untoward happened. Women suffragists who had prepared & demonstration, were picked up by the police before they could demonstrate and but few people knew they were in town. The president stood up in a slow moving automobile, bowing to the right and the left, and the procession finally wound up at Mechanics hall, which was already filled with an audience 01 s.uuu peopie. m? auuic? in which the president told what he went to Europe for and what has been done over there, is as follows: President's Address. Governor Coolidge, Mr. Mayor, Fel^ low Citizens: I wonder if you are half as glad to see me as I am to see you. It warms my heart to see a great body of my fellow citizens again, because in some respects during the recent months I have been very lonely j Indeed without your comradeship and j counsel, and I tried at every step of the work which fell to me to recall, what I was sure would be your counsel! with regard to the great matters which were under consideration' I do not want you to think that I have not been appreciative of the extraordinary reception which was given to me on the other side, in saying that It makes me very happy to get home again. I do not mean to say that I was not deeply touched by the cries that came from the great crowds on the other side. But I want to say to you in all honesty that I felt them to be a call of greeting to you rather than . to me. I did not feel that the greeting was' personal. I had in my heart the overcrowning pride- of being your reprean/4 nf neopivlnc the T)laUditS of men everywhere who felt that your hearts beat with theirs In those great ? ?- crowds, -ft was not a tone of mere' greeting; It was not a tone of mere; generous welcome; It was the calling of comrade to comrade, the cries that come from men who say, "We have waited for this day when the friends of liberty should come across the sea and shake hands with us, to see that a new world was constructed upon a new basis, and a foundation of justice and right." Inspired by Crowd's Voices. I can't tell you the Inspiration that came from the sentiments that come out of those simple voices of the crowd. And the proudest thing I have to report to you Is that this great coun- . try of ours is trusted throughout the world. I have not come to report the pro" 41 /v# *Ka nrrvrnpH - I ceeaings or iub rtsuiu w lnp of the peace conference; that would be premature. I can say that I! have received very happy impressions from this conference; the impression! that while there are many differences of Judgment, while there are some divergences of object, there is nevertheless a common spirit and a common realization of the necessity of setting up new standards of right in the world. Because the men who are in confer ence in Paris realize as seemy as an; American can realize that they are not masters of their people, and that the spirit of their people has awakened to a new purpose and a new conception of their power to realize that purpose, and that no man dare go home from that conference and report anything less noble than was expected of It. Why Conference "Goes Slowly. The conference seems to you to go slowly; from day to day in Paris it , seems to go slowly; but I wonder if it- you realize the complexity of the task which it has undertaken. It seems as if the settlements of this war affect, and affect directly, every great, and I sometimes think every small, nation in the world, and no one decision can f prudently be made which is not properly linked with the great series of other decisions which must accompany it. And it must be reckoned in with the final decision which must accompany it And it must be reckoned in with the final result if the real quality and character of that result is to be properly judged. What we are doing is to hear the whole case; hear it from the mouths of the men most interested; hear it from those who are officially commissioned to state it; hear the rival claims; hear the claims that affect newnationalities, that affect new areas of Ho nmrid. that affect new commercial ^ and economic connections that have been established by the great world war through which we have gone. And I have been struck with the moderateness of those who have represented national claims- I can testify that I * have nowhere seen the gleam of passion. I have seen earnestness, I have seen tears come to the eyes of men who pleaded for down-trodden people whom they were privileged to speak for; but they were not the tears of anguish, they were the tears of ardent hope. ? And I don't see how any man can ' fail to have been subdued by these pleas, subdued to the feeling that he was not there to assert an individual Judgment of his own, but to try to assist the cause of humanity. ^ All Look to America. And in the midst of It all, every interest seeks out, first of all. when It reaches Paris, the representatives of the United States. Why? Because and I think I am stating the most RTS TO PEOPLE ccurate Summary of Amer.deals ? OF PUBLIC APPROVAL md What It Means for HuI ubmit the Plan of Adoption Its Creation Possible. wonderful fact In history because there Is no nation in Europe that suspects the motives of the United States. Was there ever so wonderful a thing seen before? Was there ever so moving a thing? Was there ever any fact! that so bound the nation to deserve it? I would not have you understand that the great men who represent the other nations there In conference are disesteemed by those who know them. Quite the contrary. But you understand that the nations of Europe have again and again clashed with one another in competitive interest. It is impossible for men to forget those sharp issues that were drawn between them in times past. It .s impossible for men to believe that all ambitions have all of a sudden been foregone. They remember territory that was coveted; they remember rights that it was attempted to ostort; they remember political ambitions which it was attempted to realize and while they believe that men have come into a different temper they cannct forget these things, and so they do not resort to one anoth er for a dispassionate view of the matters in controversy. They resort to a nation which has won the enviable distinction of being regarded as the friend of mankind. Whenever it is desired to send a small force of soldiers to occupy a piece of territory where it is thought nobody else will be welcome, they ask for American soldiers. And where other soldiers would be looked upon with suspicion, and perhaps meet with resistance, the American soldier is welcomed with acclaim. Many Grounds for Pride. I have had so many grounds for pride on the other side of the water that I am very thankful that they are not grounds for personal pride. I'd be the most stuck-up man in the world. And it has been an infinite pleasure to me to see those gallant soldiers of ours, of whom the constitution of the United States made me the proud commande- You may be proud of the Twenty-sixth division, but I commanded the Twenty-sixth division, and you see what they did under my direction, and everybody praises the American soldier with the feeling that In praising him he is subtracting from the credit of no one else. I have been searching for the fundamental fact that converted Europe to believe in us. Before the war Europe did not believe in us as she does now. She did not believe in us throughout the first three years of the war. She seems really to have believed that we were holding off because we thought we could make more by staying out than by goinc* in. And all of a sudden, in a short eighteen months, the whole verdict is reversed. There can be but one explanation for it. ^They saw what we did that without making a single claim we put all our men and all our means at the disposal of those who were fighting for ti'.eir homes, in the first instance, but for a cause, the cause of human rights and justice, and that we went in, not to support their national claims, but to support the great cause which they held in common. 4 J V pnm fVtof A TTl OriPQ Tint Anu VYlien uic; oan timv only held ideals, ' ut acted ideals they were converted to America and became partisans of those ideals. Met Greek Scholars. I met a group of scholars when I was in Paris some gentlemen from one of the Greek universities who had come to see, and in whose presence, or rather in the presence of whose traditions of learning, I felt very young indeed. I told them that I had one of the delightful revenges that sometimes comes to a man. All my life I had heard men speak with a sort of-condescension of ideals and of idealists, and particularly of those separated, encloistered horizons whom they choose to term academic, who were in the habit of ut tering ideals in the free atmosphere when they clash with nobody in particular. And I said I have had this sweet revenge. Speaking with perfect frankness, ir> the name of the people of the United States, I have uttered as the objects of this great war ideals, and nothing but ideals, and the war has been won by that inspiration. Men were fighting with tense muscle and lowered head until they came to realize those things, feeling they were fighting j for their lives and their country, and when these acccns of what it was all about reached urem from America they lifted their heads, they raised their eyes to heaven, when they sawmen in khaki coming across the sea in the spirit of crusaders, and they found that these were strange men, reckless of danger not only, but reckless because they seemed to see something that made that danger worth while. Men have testified to me in Europe that our men weie possessed by something that they could only call a religious fervor. They were not like any of the other soldiers. They had a vision, they had a dream, and they were j fighting in the dream, they turned the I whnip tide of battle and it never came back. Tribute cf a Humorist. One of our American humorists, meeting the criticism that American soldiers were not trained long enough. said: "It takes only half as long to train an American soldier as any other, because you only have to train him one way, and he did only go one way, and he never came back until he could do it when he pleased." And now do you realize that this confidence we have established throughout the world imposes a burden upon us if you choose to oall it a burden. It Is one of those burdens v which any nation ought to be proud to r carry. Any man who resists the pres- j: ent tides that run in the world will find t himself thrown upon a shore so high t and barren that it will seem as if he p had been separated from his human v kind forever. I A The Europe that I left the other day g was full of something that it had nev er felt All its heart so full before. It b was full of hope. The Europe of the 1 second year of the war, the Europe of b the third year of the war, was sinking n to a sort of stubborn desperation. They e did not seem to see any great thing to ..A be achieved even when the war should b be won. They hoped there would be ii some salvage; they hoped that they tl could clear their territories of irwad- o ing armies; they hoped they could set h up their homes and start their Indus- e tries afresh. But they thought it would q simply be the resumption of the old b life that Europe had led in fear, led tl in anxiety, led in constant suspicious n watchfulness. They never dreamed v> that it would be a Europe of settled w peace and of justified hope. o All Peoples Buoyed Up. And now these ideals have wrought t] this new magic, that all the peoples of Europe are buoyed up and coniident in the spirit of hope, because they be- a lieve that we are at the eve of a new g age in the world when nations will un- d derstand one another, when nations \\ .ill ???? in ovopv Inflt Q cause, when nations will unite every w moral and every physical strength to a see that the right shall prevail- c If America were at this Juncture to n fail the world, what would come of it? nr I do not mean any disrespect to any n other great people when I say that f< America is the hope of the world, and U if she does not justify that hope the results are unthinkable. Men will be t( thrown back upon the bitterness of h disappointment not only, but the bit- n terness of despair. All nations will be t( set up as hostile camps again; the men p at the peace conference will go home b with their heads upon their breasts, p knowing that they have failed for ci they were bidden not to come home g until they did something more than ir sign a treaty of peace. p Suppose we sign the treaty of peace and- that it is the most satisfactory t< treatv of Deace that the confusing ele-; w ments of the modern world will afford c< and go home and think about our la- n bore; we will know that we have left ir written upon the historic table at Ver-.| sailles, upon which Vergeness and tl Benjamin Franklin wrote their names, & nothing but a modern scrap of paper, w N'o nations united to defend, no great n forces combined to make it good, no o. assurance given to the downtrodden lc and fearful people of the world that they shall be safe. Any man who thinks h that America will take part in giving a: the world any such rebuff and disap- tl polntment as that does not know f< America. a Challenge to Critics. |lc I invite him to test the sentiments of e( the nation- t We set this up to make n men free, and we did not confine our conception and purpose to America, and now we will make men free. If we did not do that, the fame of Amer- D ica would be gone and all her powers would be dissipated. She then would f have to keep her power for those nar- d row, selfish, provincial purposes which tl seem so dear to some minds that have s< no sweep beyond the nearest horizon, j ri I should welcome no sweeter challenge j v> than that. I have fighting blood in me d and it is sometimes a delight to let it w have scope, but if it is a challenge on c< this occasion it will be an indulgence, ci Think of the pieture, think of the utter blackness that would fall on the o: world?America has failed. America a made a little essay at generosity and f< then withdrew. America said: "WeareI your friends," but it was only for to-' C( day, not for tomorrow. America said: t< "Here is our power to vindicate right," , " and then the next day said: "Let right ci take care of itself and we will take care rr of ourselves." America said: "We set up rr a light to lead men along the paths of s< liberty, but- we have lowered it, it is i Cj intended only to light our own path." | ir We set up a great deal of liberty and w then we said: "Liberty is a thing thatj you must win for yourself, do not call h upon us." And think of the world that si we would leave. Do you realize how j u many new nations are going to be set c up in the presence of old and powerful r< nations in Europe and left there, if left f; by us, without a disinterested friend? What of the Helpless? 1< Do you believe in the Polish cause, f< as I do? Are you going to set up Po- o land, immature, inexperienced, as yet'r unorganized, and leave her with a cir- P cle of armies around her? Do you be- tl lieve in the aspiration of the Czecho- it Slovaks and the Jugo-Slavp as I do? P Do you know how many powers would it be quick to prunce upon them if there n were not the guarantees of the world behind their liberty? c Have you thought of the suffering c of Armenia? You poured out yourjb money to help succor the Arm< nians r after they suffered; now set your t strength so that they shall never suffer u again. The arrangements of the present g peace cannot stand a generation unless f they are guaranteed by the united f forces of the civilized world. And if c we do not guarantee them, cannot you see the picture? Your hearts have r instructed you where the burden of c this war fell. It did not fall upon the j national treasuries, it did not fall upon t the instruments of administration, it a did not fall upon the resources of na- I tions. It fell upon the victims' homes i everywhere, where women were toiling I in hope that their men would come t back. I No Doubt of Verdict? t When I think of the homes upon which dull despair would settle where this great hope is disappointed, I i should wish for my part never to have t had America play any part whatever ' in this attempt to emancipate the ' world. But I talk as if there were i any questions. I have no more doubt 1 of the verdict of America in thi3 mat- < ter than 1 have of the blood that is in me. And so, my fellow citizens, I have 1 come back to report progress and I do t not believe the progress is going to i stop short of the goal. The nations of t the world have set their heads now to do a great thing, and they are not going to slacken their purpose. And \ when I speak of the nations of the j j vorld, I do not speak of the governnents of the world. I speak of the eoples who constitute the nations of he world. They are In the saddle and hey are going to see to It that If their resent governments do not do their /ill, some other governments shaft, ind the secret is out and the present overnments know it. There is a great deal of harmony to e got out qf common knowledge, 'here is a great deal of sympathy to e got out of living In the same afc losphere, and except for the dlffernccs of languages, which puzzled my imerican ear very sadly, I could have elieved I was at home In France or i Italy or In England when I was oh he streets, when I was In the presence f the crowds, when I was In the great alls where men were gathered togethg r irrespective of class. I did" not feel uite as much at home as I do here, ut I felt that now, at any rate, after his storm of war had cleared the ai^ ten were seeing eye to eye every'here, and these were the kind of folkj) 'ho would understand what the kind f folks at home would understand and lat they were thinking the same ilng. Manners Very Delightful. . I feel about you as I am reminded of story of that excellent witness and ood artist, Oliver Herford, who" one ay, sitting at luncheon at his club, as slapped vigorously on the back by man whom he did not know very rell. He said: "Oliver, old boy, how re you?" He looked at him rather oldly. He said: "I don't know your ame, I don't know your face, but youf janners are - very familiar," and. I ?"-A ? ?? ?* tvtonncra arA VPPV 1U31 mxy mat juut ui?iiuvio ?* v ?. imiliar, and let me add, very deghtful. . . . J It Is a great comfort for one thing,. ) realize that you all understand the inguage I am speaking. A friend ot line said that to talk through an ln:rpreter was like witnessing the comound fracture of an idea- But (he eauty of it is that whatever the imediments of the channel of communis ition, the idea Is the same; that it ets registered, and it gets registered 1 responsive hearts and receptive puroses. V I have come back for a strenuous at;mpt to transact business for a little -hile in America, but I have really. )me back to say to you.dn all soberess and honesty, that I have been try* lg my best to speak your thought?, 4 When I sample myself, I think ijbnd lat I am a typical American and L imple deep enough, and get down to 'hat is probably the true stuff of a jan, then I have hope that it is part, f the stuff that is like the other fel?w's at home. And, therefore probing deep in my eart and trying to see the things that re right without regard to the things lat may be debated as expedient, I iel that I am interpreting the purpose nd the thought of Afnerleh, and trf >ving America I find that I have Joini the great majority of my fellowlen throughout the world. WEARING THE UNIFORM. epartment Judge Advocate Makes a Deliverance on the.Subject. The general impression that a solier is entitled to wear his uniform for j iree months after discharge from jrvice, was dissipated Monday by a iling from the department Judge adocate, who holds that officers should iscard their uniforms immediately, hen possible, but enlisted men have a srtain leeway in which to return to vilian garb. The ruling was made at the request f the police, who have been unusully lenient in dealing with slight ofjnders in soldier attire. "One whose commission a3 an offier has been terminated has no right ) wear the uniform," the ruling says. The termination of the right is coindent with the termination of thecomlission, strictly speaking. The mojent dismissal or discharge from the jrvice is consummated by communi- I ition of notice thereof to the officer 1 question that moment the right to rear a uniform is at a- end. "Reason and common sense suggest, owever, that the law may be so con-j trued, a reasonable time be allowed in diich to change from the uniform to ivilian garb- What shall constitute oasonable time must depend upon the icts in each case. "In no event should more time be aimed, however, than will be required or an officer to close up his business r relations with the government and eturn to his home. If he is able to rovide himself with civilian clothes at he place of his discharge or dismissal t would be his duty to do so, and a roper appreciation of the proprieties ivolved would make such action mndatory on his part. "If not able to provide himself with ivilian clothes at the place of disharge or dismissal, he should be alawed to wear his uniform until he caches his home if he proceeds to reurn there without delay, when the. niform should at once be removed, i "There is no authority for the sug;estlon that the right to wear the unlorm might, in certain cases, continue or a period of three months after d sharge or dismissal. "An officer or enlisted man, under a easonable construction of section 125 if the National Defense act, should iroceed from the place of his honoraile discharge to his home with reasonible speed, and upon his arrival there lis uniform should be discarded, as it s unlawful for him to wear it longer, n no event should he take more than hree months and he may not unduly irotract his transit." The New "York IVorld. A French inventor claims the per'ection of a device for airplane engines hat will permit a speed of 200 to 300 niles per hour, and the higher the nachine rises the greater the speed. It s further claimed that a trip across he Atlantic can be made in a short lov'o flvine The French bark Helene was sunk on ast Saturday, off the Virginia coast, as he result of a collision with the Norvegian freighter Granzfjord. Sixteen of ;he crew of the Helcne were lost. One of the German long-range guns jsed in shelling Paris, is soon to ba jlaced on exhibition In that city. BRITISH COTTON TRADE Comprehensive Summary of Conditions in Manchester MACHINERY GETS IN GRADUALLY There Has Been a Great Shortage of Raw Material, and the Mills Are Kept In Check With the Supplies Hours of Labor a Great and Important Question to be Adjusted. This recent mail letter from Manchester, England, -to a large and responsible commercial publication, throws Interesting and accurate light on the reorganization of the cotton industry In Manchester, England: The raw cotton supply has now improved sufficiently to allow of more machinery being run. Mills using American cotton may now work 455 per cent of their spindles, as against 55 per cent under the former order of the control board and mills using Egyptian 90 per cent, as compared with 80 per cent previously. Manufacturers are now permitted to run 75 per cent of their looms.no matter on what class of work they may be whereas, formerly /(he limit was 65 per cent, and the provision whereby still more may be run in the case of looms on fine yarns remains in force. Cotton Supplies Improve. The additional machinery which the board is now allowing owners to put into operation, does not, however, accurately reflect the Improved position of the cotton supply. The stocks in Liverpool and Manchester, and the shipping prospects, are now such as would justify an even greater relaxation of the board's restrictions, but the shortage of labor does not for the moment make that practicable. However, the board has a demobilization sub-committee at work, and is doing its tbest to secure the return of cotton workers from the army. The number of pivotal men now with the forces is estimated at 17,000, and the Ministry of Labor has promised to deal with them immediately it receives their names. The movement for shorter working hours, which is at present so widespread among the wage-earning class, has not left the cotton industry untouched. Today shorter hours is the most important issue with which the trade is faced. For generations the 48-hours week has been an ideal of the cotton operatives, and it Is 12 years since the Ideal was put into the bill and introduced Into the house of commons. It made no progress, however, and met with a similar fate when reintroduced on several subsequent occasions. But now the cotton workliko those in many other trades, ve shelved the 48-hours week- as something that falls short of modern requirements and aspirations, and their program today is for a working , week of 44 hours. This represents a reducton of 111 hours, and the operatives propose that it should be accompanied by a 25 per cent increase In wage in order that they may not suffer as a result of lessened production. Shorter Hours in Sight. It may be taken as certain that the. present working week of 651 hours Is doomed, but whether the coming reduction will be as drastic as that demanded by the trade unions is, of course, another question. Opinion in favor of shorter hours in industry has greatly developed as a result of war experience and experiment, and the new thought has permeated the cotton trade. Some months ago the Associa tion of Textile Managers passed a resolution In favor of an experiment with the 48-hours week and the present week of 551 hours has not many defenders. A point which is bound to weigh with employers Is the effect which the length of the working day has on the popularity of the cotton Industry as compared with other industries. Before the war labor for the mills was becoming scarce, and undoubtedly one reason was that cotton mill hours were lohger than those in any other important trade. Recently other trades have had the working day still further reduced. In engineering, for instance, the hours have just been cut down from 64 to 47 per week, and the engineering industry, it must be remembered, is very largely found side by side with cotton. The example on the engineers is thus having considerable influence with the cotton operatives, who feel that they have lagged behind their felows generally in the matter nf hours. In support of this hours have only been reduced by one per week since 1875. The Textile Mercury, which represent the commercial point of view, admits that, on the question of hours, It has changed its views in recent years, and has now come to the opinion that "a 48-hour week will soon be an accomplished fact." At the same time it points out that the operatives have presented their demand at a t'me when the state of the world market calls for greater production than ever. "The questions of increasing production in the cotton trade to make up for a shorter working da> is one that can be more easily talked about than achieved," says the Mer tnnqflv in con cury. "in some tooio, ... . nection with weaving and its allied machinery, it is not at all an impossible matter to increase the production per operative by the greater use of labor-saving devices, but people would hesitate to state that the speed and productive capacity of spinning machinery could be further increased. Spindles are running at top speed. Production could be increased by the greater use of the ring frame, wherein one spindle is equal in production to one and a half spindles in the mule, but the ring frame has its limits in the T^encashire's spinning 01 tun,**.,. supremacy, in the world of cotton manufacture rests more with the mule, and it has doubled in length and speed during tho past 50 years." Opposition of Reduced Week. The Cotton Factory Times, the organ of the operatives, anticipates that the employers will again bring forward the argument they have previously j used against a shorter week, including that of foreign competition. "But these arguments," it says, "will have less | force today because of the progressive I ideas that are at work all over the I world, Including some of the countries [that have been most backward In the march of civilization. By means of a i league of nations It will almost surely ' be possible to bring about International action on a large scale, and thus the bottom will be knocked out of the foreign competition bogey." f Certainly the progress made on the industrial side of the Paris conference is a factor in the hours movement in ? the cotton trade. Sir Herbert Dixon, tho chairman of the cotton control board, not long ago publicly alluded to the desirability of international ac- i tion on such a matter and the possi- j j billty of securink it through a league of h billty of securing it through a league of nations. ' INSURANCE RATES. ? Government Will Issue Three Endow o ment Policies. c Of the six forms of converted insur- t] ance which the government will Issue s, three are endowment policies, namely, the twenty year endowment, the thirty w year endowment and the endowment t) maturing at 62. Under the provisions of these pollcies the holder pays premiums for a n stated number of years at which, time a the government will pay him the face t) value of the policy. For instance a soldier at the time of conversion is 24 e, years old, takes a twenty year endowment. For twenty years, or until he is e, 44, he will pay premiums. During this period he is insured against death and total permanent disability. If he Is ( living at that time, age 44, the government will pay him the face value of h the policy. The thirty year endowment is similar to the twenty year plan L except that the annual premium rate ( is smaller and is made over a greater number of years. The endowment ma- ' turing at 62 insures against death or total permanent disability until 62, at which time the face value of the policy ^ is paid to the holder. The rates on the twenty years endowment are: Age at ' Annual Premium conversion. per J 1,000 01 2 0 $39 10 el 2 1 39 10 w 2 2 39 10 f, 23 39 22 u 2 4 39 22 h; 2K 39 34 rr 26 39 34 2 7 .. 39 45 w 28 .. ...... 39 45 si 29 - 39 67 c< 3 0 39 69 w 31 39 81 32 ...*. 39 93 P' 3 3 40 06 w 3 4 40 16 3 5 40 28 3 6 40 52 tc 37 40 64 it 3 8 __ .... 40 81 i 39 41 11 . 4 0 41 46 01 4 1 41 70 y 4 2 42 05 4 3 i 45 63 fl " Sj As Told by Foch in London. Mar- n shal Foch spoke very simply, very colloquially, very much a soldier talk- ^ ing to his friends. He stood chest out, d head well back, with one leg well for- n ward, suggesting the elastic posture of a fencer as he moved slightly and a * A 11 o hnnt regruiariy at ine ituee tu iuvu6u cw^w ^ to lunge. ^ His main point was that he had done p nothing. "The Boches attack. I said e [ would stop them. When they stopped ri I attacked them. Well, every one did b what he could, and after some time we t| were all attacking along the 400 miles >f front the French, the English, the Americans, the Belgians, and we J1 went for them." At that point the t| marshal raised both his hands and r pushed forward with his hands slight- tj ly downward and bbdy in one move- ^ ment. "Victory," he said, "is an Inclined ?lane. We pushed them, all of us, and t 'hev simply had to retreat and retreat" He continued to make the , slightly downward movement with hia j hands, moving el&stically at the knee in unison. "And after that we sim- ^ ply kept pushing and pushing, and they j went back and we were simply on the , point of getting " he waved his t hands. j "Then they asked for an armistice. They accepted all our conditions" t shoulders, hands, and eyebrows went c up. Well !" g The impresion every one got was of ^ the great shock it had been to the t marshal when the enemy surrendered. ' t Penalties for Failure to Make Income J Tax Returns. Every single person a with a net Income of $1,000 or more c and every married person with a net t income of $2,000 or more in 1918. must i make an income tax return. Here is i * tt thpv don't. D. C. t W Mill IIU|/|/ciio *. Roper, commissioner of internal rev- r onue, announced to-day: a For failure to file a return on time, i a fine of not more than $1,000 and an s additional assessment of 25 per cent i of the amount of tax due. 1 For "wilfully refusing to make a re- g urn on time, a fine not exceeding $10.000, or not exceeding one year im- r prisonment, or both. I For making a false or fraudulent F -eturn, a fine of not more than $10,000 i, or imprisonment for not more than one e ear, or both, together with an additional assessment of 50 per cent of the T amount of tax evaded. , For failure to pay the tax on time. ^ a fine of not more than $1,000, and an a additional assessment of 5 per cent' of p he amount of tax unpaid, plus 1 per j, "ent interest for each full month durlng which it remains unpaid. 0 * 1 w Admiral, von Tirpitz, credited with being the instigator of the German a ruthless submarine warfare, now living s in Switzerland, is said to have lost his a entire fortune and is practically penni- ]( less. v ' ? t Princess Patricia, daughter of the t Duke of Connaught, was married in s London yesterday to Hon- Alexander T Ramsey, a commoner, of the British n navy. ^ i, Chas. S. Whittemore, general auditor e of the General Electric company, at ? vtorq has been arrested on s avauabvui a charge of holding up a paymaster in c December last and robbing him of c $12,000. 2 Julian Story, noted artist and por- r trait painter, died in a Philadelphia hospital last Sunday. f THE IDEAL AMERICAN Ifbat He Stands for and Wby Hi Stands for It. 8ACTICAL LESSON IN PATBIOTISM Secretary Lana Makes a Thought-Provoking Speech that Teaches Wholesome Lessons to Both Young and Old. The following article Is prepared rom a speech delivered by Franklin L Lane, United States secretary of lie interior before a cosmopolitan audjnce in' New York city. I should take it that this gathering, epresenting so many sections of the ountry and so many of its elements, i itself a community council. If wo ould have such meetings in all out ities and in all quarters of our cities lie matter of Americanization would oon cease to concern us. It has never seemed to me that it as uiiilcult to define Americanizalon. or Americanism: "I appreciate amething, I admire something, I love omething. I want you my friends, my elghbors, to appreciate and admire nd love that thing, too. That someilng is America." There is in every one of us, howver educated and polished, a secret, elfish, arrogant ego and there is in very one of us also a real nobility, i this war I could see that there came ut immediately the finer man, anu iat better self we must keep alive. We expect that man to search out is immigrant neighbor and say, I am your friend. Be mine, as well, et me snare in the wisuom and intruct me in the arts and crafts you ave brought from other lands and shall help you succeed here." There is no difficulty in this, if our ttitude is right. Americanism is enrely an attitude of mind; it is the 'ay we look at things that makes us mericans. Some time ago I met a man who is ne of the advisors of the president of iiina and he told me of a novel plan hich he thought might be adopted in iat new . republic that they should ave a qualifying examination for tembers of congress; that every man ho announced himself as a candidate : u V?? l/nnnr xi/Vlflt his 1UUIU piu>o tiiab 11V nMVff .. ountry was, who its people were, hat resources it had, what its prpeecsts were and what its relations 1th foreign countries had been. If I could have my'way I would say > the man in New York, "Come with lo and I will shO#.you America," ano would say to the*iq?L in Saa _foanisco, "Come with m?^Qjl I will show ou Amerida."* - # And then I woVfld take him. to the eld of Gettysburg and lead him to the pot" where"ClnColn delfvere3"hlsTnT* lortal address and I would ask him: What does that speech mean to you? fot how beautiful it is, but what word oes it "speak to your heart? How iuch of it do you believe?" And then I would take him to Santigo de Cuba and I would ask. "What oes that bay mean to you?" And I rould take him over to the Philipines, where 10,000 native teachers verv day teach 800,000 native child en the English language. And I would ring him back from the Philippines to tie Hawaiian Islands. In Honolulu I had a procession of chool children pass before me ano resent me with the flags of their counrics. There were represented every ace, from New Zealand clear along he whole western side of the Pacific, 'hey laid at my feet 26 flags. I went from there to Mauna Loa, to , school, a typical school, in which here were Filipinos, Javanese, Chiese, Japanese, Portuguese, Samoans, lustrallans, Americans, Koreans; and said to the pupils, "Can anyone tell ae why we are at war?" A little girl 3 years old, half Chinese and half lawaiian, rose and said," I think I an sir." We were up on the side of he mountain, looking out over the 'aciflc, and the only corapiunication vith the civilized world was across hat ocean. "We are In this war," the hild said, "because we want to keep the eas free?because we want to help hose who need help." And I have yel o hear a better answer given. And I would show the man how hese children, whether Japanese or American, no matter what their source tood every morning before the flag if the United States and raised their lands and pledged themselves to one anguage, one country, and one God. And then I would bring him back o this country and say, "Grasp the neaning of what I have shown you, ind you will know then what Americanism is. It is not 110,000,000 people " * - -A AAA Ann n;V?n hflVP ilone; it is iiu,uvv,vuv ived through struggle, and who have von through work. Let us never for;et that!" We have nothing precious that does lot represent struggle. We have nothng of lasting value that does not reiresent determination. We have nothng admirable which does not represnt self-sacrifice. I would give to the man whom I vish to Americanize (after he had mrned the language of this land) a nowledge of the physical America, so s to get an admiration, not only of ts strength, of its resources, of what t could do against the world, but that ie might have pride in this as a land f hope and a land in which men had ron out I wou'd take this man down south nd I would show him some of the chools, I would take him up north nd I would show him the cut-over inds of Wisconsin and Michigan, /hich are waste and idle. I would ake him into New York and show him he slums and the tenements. I would how him the good and the bad. I vould show him the struggle that we re making to improve the bad condiions. I would tell him not that Amerca is perfect, that America is a flnlshd country, but I would say to him, America is an unfinished land. Its posibilitles shall never end, and your hance here and the chances of your hildren shall always be in ratio to your ,eal and ambition." America, we dare believe, will ever emain unfinished. I would have that man see America rom the reindeer ranches of Alasks \ to the Everglade# of Florida. I would make him realize that we have within our soil every raw product eeeentlal to the conduct of any Industry. I And I would give to that man a knowledge of America that would make him ask the question, "How did this come to be?" And then he would | discover that there was something more to our country than Its material strength. It has a history. It has a tradition. I would take that man to Plymouth Rock and I would ask: "What does that rock say to you?" And I would take him to Valley Forge and point out the huts in which Washington's ? men lived, 3,000 of them, struggling for the independence of our country. And I would ask, "What do they mean iu ?uu ( ?? imi uiuocu luciu, nimi induced those colonists to suffer as they did?willingly?" Our boys went across the water be- ; cause they were filled with the spirit that has made America; a spirit that meets challenge; a spirit that wants to help. Combine these two qualities and you have the essence of AmericanIsm?a spirit symbolized by the Washington monument; tb^kt clean, straight arm lifted to Heaven in eternal pledge ^ that our land shall always be Independent and free. We want to Interpret America In terms of fair play; in terms of the square deal. We want to Interpret America in boys and girls afid men and women that can read and write. We want to Interpret America in oetter housing conditions and decent wages, in hours that will allow a father to know his own family. That is Americanization In the concretereduced to practical terms. This Is the spirit of the Declaration of Independence put Into terms that are social and economic, and I ask you to help us. # ARMY OF HALF MILLION. Looks Like Congress Will Provide for it Before it Quits. Coincident with the final enactment of legislation providing for resumption of voluntary enlistment in the army under the national defense act of 191C n? ? aw a MkllUaew sstohliakmnnf fft ULU 11.1115 uic muiiat j w 175,000 men, the senate military committee approved and reported to the senate the annual army appropriation bill with provision for a temporary force of about 538,000 men after next , July 1. The increased force for the next fiscal year was recommended by the war department, but legislative provisions authorizing It were stricken out in the houfe on points of order. r * It Is explained that the enactment of voluntary enlistment Immediately Is 1 for the purpose of enabling' the war department to enroll now any men of the present war army who desire to continue In the regular forces. - .^1 Before approving the regular army bill with its appropriation of $1,250,000,000 the committee adopted an amendment providing for the establishment of an independent bureau of aeronautics to combine the activities now being conducted under that head by the army, navy and marine corpa This plan has been vigorously opposed by the administration. The director of the bureau, to be appointed by the president, with the consent of the senate, would receive a salary of $12,000 and would not be under the supervlson of any cabinet officer. An assistant director at a $5,000 salary also was provided. Increase in the entire bill over the house provisions totalled about $140,000,000, a large part of which was for the pay of enlisted men on the war basis of $30 a month. Creation of a social hygiene board and other agencies with a fund of $2,700,000 to wage a campaign against social disease was provided under an amendment approved by the committoo, which also restored provision for continuance of present organization of the war department until congress en, acts a permanent army reorganization measure. House amendments stricken out Included one authorizing enlisted men seeking discharges to submit their cases to the secretary of war In event of disapproval by commanding officers, ' and another aimed to prevent officers forbidding social intercourse between officers and men of the same regiment while off duty. American Soldiers Anxious to Get r\..A Mnr+harn Russia. The an VUI VI ....... nouncement from Washington thkt ' American troops in north Russia are to be withdrawn at the earliest pos sible moment in the spring writes the ! Archangel correspondent of the As1 sociated Press, was received with Jo> by the troops themselves, but official ! circles and also the Russian popula1 t'on are anxious to know whether other troops will be sent to replace them or whether It means the complete abandonment of this front. Navigation is now closed except for ice breakers Incapable of carrying a large number of troops and according to naval advices, June will be the earliest month for the opening of the Ice floes. The American troops afTected by the announcement are the Three Hundred and Thirty-ninth Infantry and one battalion of the Three Hundred and Tenth ?A Engineers, ail drari iorces eauucu w demobilization after the conclusion of the war. There is considerable speculation In Archangel whether they will be replaced by regulars or marines. De Witt C. Poole, Jr., counselor of * the American embassy, has issued the following statement: "In connection with the Washington announcement to the American embassy in Archangel the embassy states it understands this announcement relates only to the disposition of the American troops now here. It does not determine one or another the general question of the continued presence of an American foice in northern Russia, nor Is It understood to dlsc'ose a decision as to the future American policy in Russia. Determination of this for a further discussion by the ' peace conference at Parla. "From a consultation with compe' tent transportation authorities, it appears that with normal ice conditions ' the earliest possible moment at which considerable bodies of troops can be . moved away from Archangel will be > In June."