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^BHL - ____ - _ r YORKVILLE ENQUIRER. i'' tsatrgp WMI'WEEgLT. ; , , ... l k giuot-8 sons, pibiubenu ; . . % dfamils ^eirsjapti;: 4?r th$ promotion aj( fh$ Political, gonial, ^jrtynltmial and Commeqtial Jntmsls of Ihj flMpty. | TER^^0?,^"IviNc^^^^*,,C, t|| ESTABLISHED 1855 YORK, 9. C. TUESDAY, JANUARY ^1, 1919. ^ ^ JS"Q. 6 ' * l"nr mninnarvn mat nn nf vniMtiMa that. mviAit ITA nrnnr 1 ITIfir IMIP lllllV MURDER OF THE ROMANOFFS Czar and His Family Suffered Most Horrible Fate BIOTISI FANATICS WITHOUT MEKCY Authentic Facta as to How Russian Royal Family Was Disposed Of Hv? is a Story of Fiendishness That *" . is Beyond Belief. From the New York World. The World has received from an official of the Siberian government established by the Russians at Omsk, the following vivid resume of the governmental judicial inquiry In the as-, sasslnaticn pf the deposed czar, fhe czarina and the daughter and young son. For prudential reasons the name of the offlcal is withheld. ^ By an Offioial of the Siberian Govern-. ment. Omsk, Siberia, December 12, 1918.? Until recently-the fate of the ex-Czar k Nicholas and his family was uncertain. The shocking rumors regarding w assassination recently decided the council of ministers of the Siberian government to-hold a judicial inquiry ? on the scene of their disappearance. This was carefully and impartially .conducted by men who had no monorchia! sympathies (being themselves advanced Liberals), verified by wit's . nesses and documentary evidence, and was substantiated by photographs of ha u?nM of the tmaredv. - Ruffian* for "Guards. The Bolshevik, drunk with power, N and the lust of cruelty, took the excsar, his wife-and their five children from the monastery of Abolak^ thirty miles from Tobolsk, -to Ekaterinburg-, where they were destined to spend their last days In physical and mental tortures. They were Interned In the house of a professor of chemistry > named Ipatleff. The building was of two stories with a small courtyard surrounded by a high wooden palisade. The lower .floor, comfortably, even sumptuously, furnished was occupied by the guards, men especially recruited from the lowest class of Bolshevik bullies. The prisoners occupied the ? upper floor. ' . A condemned murderer's cell Is not more devoid of comforts than the small, dark rooms allowed to those who had spent their lives In luxury. Once rich beyond the dreams of avarice. they- were now mfcde to suffer nrmnnta of novertv: once supreme in power, they were insulted and spat upon by men lower than the beasts. The comfort of a single companion, even of a servant, was denied them, Worse stllj, thpy>*knpw that their few fttKhftd retainers?Court PKysl-'1 cjan Botkin, twp ladies-in-waiting, Baroness Buxhoven and Mile. Naryshkina; the pld sailor Derevenko, who had devotedly mined . the delicate ' czarevitch frpm babyhood; the former Gear's favorite valet and fhe ex-empress's trusted maid (all of whom were, with them In the Abolak monastery)?had been shot as a reward for ^ faithful service, while the rest of their attendants of less conspicuous loyalty had been dispensed, Two $msll Beds for Seven. f>nlv two small beds were permit ted to this family of seven persons. The children, therefore, were forced to s}eep on tjie floor on their father's uniform greatcpa| apd other clpthes of their parents. No linen, or almost none, was prpvlded. Fpr air and exercise they were permitted to walk in the little courtyard an hour a day. All the rest of the time the Rpmanoffs, once owners of a score of palaces, * were kept pooped up lq this small flat. Their meals were taken to them by pnp of the guards and eaten on a bare a. wooden table, sitting: on a wooden bench, from a thick bowl with five spoons among the seven wretched prisoners. When these humiliations were not considered sufficient, when they were borne by the ex-emperor with patience and the ex-express with silent pride, even the few spoons were taken away as an additional vexation. Or a synically jovial guard, as he set down the bowl of food cooked in the common kettle of the soldiars. would whisk it away again, saying, "I see you have good victuals to eat which we' have not yet had today," and carry it oft down stairs. ' At opier times one of the guards woujd come up while the family was . seated at table and fish the beet pieces of meat and cabbage out of their bowl With his dirty fingers, chiefly for the p|easure of exulting over hiis victims. Tprtur* of Daughter*. g In thp pvppjflg the "guards," brutes ? In human form, would carry the young ex-grand duchesses down stairs to their rooms, whose walls were covered with indecent drawings and obscene Inscriptions. One can imagine too, well what went on there the poor. Innocent girls shivering in the icy chill of terror while their captors glared at them in triumph, the coarse jests and worse all literally within earshot of the agonized parents. Nor was this barbarity due to the savAgery of Isolated individuals. The soldiers, if one may dignify such brutes by such a name, were under the orders of a special Bolshevik commissioner, # rpsppnslbjp dirpctjy to the local commissioners of justice and public instruction, who had full powers on all matters pertaining to the housing and treatment of the prisoners, and who. In their turn, reported personally to pt the president of the Bolshevik government of Ekaterinburg. It would be mistaken charity to imagine that any or all of these leaders were not fully aware of what was going on, and probably nearer the truth to say that the barbarities took place by their orders. The martyrdom ended in ghastly J ^ tragedy on the night of June 16. For r about h. week beforehand the guards \ had been systematically kept in a state of inebriety, being encouraged jn theli' drunken orgies. 1 pid the unfortunate victims suspect what was brewing? Did the former czar and czarina who lived for years Jn such dread of assassination that, In the case of the latter at }east, the constant terror undoubtedly affected her mind realize that jtbeir time had come? m Assassins Identified. We d<Knot know, for none Is lefl to tell. Nor do we know exactly how the crime was committed though the names cf the gang ol murderers (consiting of four Russians. one Lett, two Germans and eleven Jews) ore on record and their photographs in the hands of the Omsk government. But we can imagine how the miserable prisoners, by this time forsaken of hope, with the lose of much they held dear benind them, sat waiting for death; that when they heard the steps of the ruffians on the stairs they guessed it meant murder, sudden, bloody and all em-bracing. We can imagine that the wailing, broken shieks of the women, the running feet of the children, crazen with terror, attempting to escape where no escape was possible, the sighs dying lips, the last murmured prayers. In the co|d words or tlws report of the judicial inquiry is tire pathetic record: "We found in one of the- upper rooms of Dr. IpatieXs house (now occupied by the staff of the Czech General GaJda) numerous bullet marks on the walla scarcely the height of a man's waist from the floor and on the floor Itself." There is a tragedy In each syllable Those marks were not high up as where men 'had fought, but low down and on the floor, as if unarmed creatures had-crouched, to avoid their fate. The bloodstains from the floor have disappeared, but the Judicial investigator found "little pools of clotted blood filling the ballet holes to the brim/' showing what must have been spilled there. Corpses Chopped, Packed in Barrels The very night of the murder the corpses were taken to a neighboring wood, thero hacked in pieces and packed in barrels. Some of the local inhabitants say thai these barrels were burned, others that they were buried, others agahr that they were thrown into an adjuti nt fake, When Ekaterinburg was taken from the Bolsbevikl the commission (consisting of rcpreesntatives of,the of the government, the prmy and of lawyers and doctors) appointed to in* vestigate the last days and the death of Nicholas Romanoff and his family arrested several people' supposed to be witnesses of the tragedy, but their evldence regarding the disposal of the bodies was contradictory, Strange to say when the ashes of the fire In which, many testified, the bodies ' of the Romanoffs had been burned, were carefully raised over, women's sho% bucklns, corset steels, shreds of clothing, a Cross the Altar Order pf Malta (of which the Czar was hereditary grand master) and some of the third largest diamonds in the world (which the Czarina usually- kefct sewn lp her bodice) were found, but-no bones*M?Yet the ashes had been undisturbed up to the time of the investigation. The disused shaft of a coal mine nearby, flooded by the waters of a neighboring lake, was then pumped out, but np corpses could be found there either. Mystery, therefore, shrouds the sequel to this ghistly tragedy, and the conflicting stories of the very witnesses of *he last sad scene once again illustrate the unreliability of human tejtlmony. We only know that though the bodies have not yet been traced, it is practically ???in that the ex - emperor and hts family ended thslr lives in the cruel tortures described, But the murderers were not content with their terrible vengeanceOn the same night they despatched the ex-Czar w|th his wifp and children, the gang proceeded to Alapaievsk, where the following members of the former inmperiai. family hpd been taken tjiree days before: Ex-Grand Duke Serge, who at the beginning of the war was ip command of the artillery and who until his murder had lived in comparative freedom in Ekaterinburg; ex-Grand Duchesrf Elizabeth, sister of the ex-Empress, who became a nun, after the murder of her husband, the Grand Duke Serge, at Moscow, in 1905; ex-Grand Dukes John, Gabbriel, and Igor, the exCzar's second cousins; Prince Palei and others. This little group of lrfho cent people the murderers now resolved to destroy by throwing- them into a deep pit in the Alapaievsk mines. They were dragged to the edge ^ of the Abyss. Silence fell on the company while, in careless accents, a man grave the terrible order, "They are all to be thrown in." One of t}ie murderers Jn whom a spark of humanity remained roughly blindfqlded the formqr Grand Duchess Ellzabety. All the others were thrpwn In at randomAs Serge was being pushed toward the shaft he grappbid with one of the assassins and almost succeeded in drawing the man over. To destroy the evidence of their crime the murderers next threw dynamite and hand grenadeE into the pit, expecting that th# explosions of the latter would ignite the dynamite and cover all traces of the dastardly deed. But for some reason the grenades failed to explode properly and the pit remained open. * Three months later, in October, the region of Alapaievsk,' they took out all thq corpses, and after photographing them, buried them under the loca} church. Michael Romanoff Disappears. The murderers apparently completed the series of their crimes in Perm, whither they proceeded from Alapaievsk. Ex-Grand Duke Michael vanished soon after their arrival. Thus the last of the Romanoffs was hunted down by* men who styled w , {of the "Puplic In Hiciu It* v.^..ov struction of Ekaterinburg," "the People's Justice" and the Soviet Republic. Indians Entitled" to Citizenship. 1 Writing from an American Indian reservation to a western newspaper, the Rev. Red Fox Shiuhushu, a northern Blackfoot Indian, has made an appea) for the admission of his race to citizenship that must have touched the hearts and the imagination of many who read it. "The American flag," says this decendant of the prehistoric Americans, "has given cit izenship to every race unu nanu? the world, but not the American Indian. If our 9,000 boys offer their lives .why should not their people become free, as every other nationality on the American soil? " Not only were 9,000 American Indians incorporated * FIRST PHOTO tSnfi 111 h9 ^^ ^MTrTZEFSS ^HII^h9HHHHBHW9HH This Is the first photograph of the gates, except President Wilson, are si dent Wilson, Henry White and Gen. 1 In the American Expeditionary Force, but the Indians as a whole have tdken mjore than $50,000,000 worth of Liberty bonds and donated at least $2,000,000 to war relief work. At this time Mr. Skluhushu adds, "We know not the hyphen; we know not the pro this or pro that; we are 100 per cent Americans." The plea deserves more than passing attention; and there are many modern experts in Indian character and affairs who will feel that it ought to be granted.?Christian Science Monitor. PROHIBITION AT LAST. ' , Two-Thirds of the State* Have Rat- < ified Federal AmendmenL Ratification of the Federal ponsti- . tutional prohibition amendment last , Thursday, made the United States the j first great power to take legislative nc- , tion to permanently stop the liquor , traffip. , Nebraska's vote gave the necessary , afflmative three-fourths majority of 1 the states to make effective the amend- j ment submitted by congress in Decern- ( ber, 1917. Jt was followed by similar , action in the legislatures of Missouri , and Wyoming, making 38 states in all which have approved a "dry" America. ] Affirmative action by some of the ten j state legislatures yet to act is'predicted j by prohibition advooates. j Under the terms of the amend- ? ment, the manufacture, sale and 1m- ] portation of intoxicating liquors must j cease one year after ratification, -but , n>/.hlhl?lnn mill Ko a font In AVArv State i F* V4**W?W^M Tr?M r? ? - ? ? , ; % much earlier because of the war measure forbidding the manufacture and < sale of alcoholic beverages after June ] JO-untll? the- demobilisation of mlUUtiy t forces. Under the war-time measure ( exportation of intoxicating .liquor is f permitted, but the great stocks now ( held in bonded warehouses will have to ] f be disposed of before the Federal ^ amendment becopies effective. j Discussion atf to whether the new amendment becomes a part of the con- , ftltution now that 36 states have ratified it or whether it becomes a.part of the basis law only when each state has . certified its action to the secretary of ( state, led Friday to a search for precedent which showed that the only j amendments ratified in the last half ( century?providing for income taxes t and direct election of senators?were t considered effective immediately the t 36th state had taken affirmative ac- t 111(11. Senatoc-Sheppard, author pf the pro- t hlbition amendment, held that national . prohibition becomes a permanent fact > January 16, 1920. ( Only fourteen of the states have cer- < tifled their action to the state depart- ] ment. Th'e vote of the Mississippi leg- t islature. the first to act, has not been s received at the state department The i Mississippi secretary of state said Fri- i day at Jackson that the certificate had j been mailed to Washington immediately after the legislature acted and that i a duplicate would be sent if the origi- ( nal had been lost. Proclamation of the < ratification of a new amendment is < made, but this was said to be a formal- \ . - ? J ity and not a requisite part or cnangIng the constitution. New problems of government are raised by prospective stoppages of the manufacture and sale ef intoxicating liquor, as hundreds of millions pf dollars derived from internal revenue will have to be obtained from other spurces. Laws of enforcement of the amendment also will have tq be passed. Wages and Prices. Alexander, as nearly everybody has some time or other heard, splved thp difficulty of untying the Gordign knot, which nobody had ever been able to do, by cutting it. Something of the same sort may have been done by those large business concerns that are announcing a reduction in the price of what they have to sell without making any corresponding reduction in the wages of those who make it. The argument that the price of com?edities cannot come down until the cost of labor comes down, and that the cost of labor crfrmot come down until the price of commPdlties comes down, presents a problem quite as perplexing as the traditional knotted, cord at Gordium. But if a large enoiigh'nurrjber of businesses reduce prices without lowering wage scales, and find. rtrnfit fVio niirrhn.sinir I , I CU9V|I(IU1C pi wi* Vf ? ?< ... ,?.0 j power of the dpllar will pleasantly increase. With more purchasing power to tthe dpllar the w-hoje question of ' the relation of wages to the support i of the wage-earner and his family , would become easier of adjustment. Christian Science Monitor. At St. Mihiel. The sign painter and poster got busy before the dust had settled in the wake of the infantry. 1 Somethimes new signs were put up, and sometimes a German sign was merely reversed and the desired American inscription painted upon its back. There were signs telling which way the roads led some of them and signs that the headquarters of the Engineers was there and the P. C. of ( the division here. But there was one 4. fhnt iilwavs attracted SIKH. Ul ;iir ( attcntlc... It was just on the line from which the Americans started their advance. With an arrow pointing: vaguely forward it read merely: "U. S." Stars and Stripes. General Brancker of the British air i'service, predicts that trans-Atlantic 1 air lines will be established by 1920. i O'iwH'i i **+***"* : fig American peace mission, taken In the opplng. Left to right, they are: OoL baker H. Bliss, GLORY OF THg MARINES Sailor Soldiers' Have Won Universal ^ Admiration, Something big .and breesy, something almost epic, |s associated with the simple wof-ds, "United States Marines." Part of this, aa the marines will cheerfully admit, is due to good "publicity work." good advertising; but advertising, there are authorities enough to prove, never effected a great Buccess without merit behind it, and It is through sheer grit, courage, fighting ability, that the "Devil Dogs" have made themselves beloved and admired throughout the Allied nations?and Among the nations?and among the first, if not the first, Jn the hearts of their countiymen. From their exploits under Decatur, down through their experiences in our own day in the Bahamas, Africa, the Fiji Islands, China, the Philippines, the arctic^ Nicaragua, Mexico, Haiti, to "the greatest victory of the corps" at Chateau-Thierry,their ieeds "resemble the imaginings of Dumas." The holiday issue of T?e Marine*' Bulletin, their own particular magazine, contains tributes of sufficient cngth and variety to makj UP a short History of the famous corps, from its jarliost recruit to its latest casualty, [saac F- Marcosson contributes these oits of first-hand observation, which nay stand as an introduction to "The 31qry of the Marines": No man can touch' America's part in . . __ he war without knowing that the ma ines have been on the job. Long be'ore I reached tTTe A. ETT~ In my ln-| :essant war-wanderings, the valor of his remarkable organization had b'e:ome a sort of tradition in France. ^he irst news of them came to me when J vas with the British forces in France. V. young lieutenant said to me: "What sort of people are your ma* ines?" 4 "Why?" I asked,^ "Weil, J have heard that they are as you Americans say 'some flght;rs!'" As a Matter of fact, both in the Brltsh and the French armies, and more especially among the latter who served iide by side with the marines at ChS:eau-Thierry, I got one long and con:inuous chorus of praise and admira:ion for them, Whin I finally had the good fortune .0 see the marines in action, and later through the circumstances of my in- j destination of the service of supplies I :ame to know the former commander j >f tneir ongaae, Major uonerar nar- i jord I felt as if I personally knew these men who had so gallantly and i jo stedfastly maintained <the highest < traditions of a branch of the service | that is in itself a synonym with course. It may interest Americans to know j that the marine brigade incurred both j i hatred and a fear on the part of the Germans only approached by two oth>d English-speaking units in the war: the Anstralians and this ScotchNHighlanders. The Germans called t}ie Australians "Hell Terrors"; they dubbed the Jpcks the "Ladies from Hell", and for the marine brigade they reserved the particular app-Jation of "Devil Dogs."Oddly enough, thosf> three tpyes or ngnung men wqii inc most contjejial of the English-speaking soldiers. Between the Australians and the marines there w&s a pecqliar kinship born of an impetuosity and an utter dis- , regard of danger that they had in sommon. I have often seen a marine ind an Ansae walking hand in hand Ihroug some little French town singing the songs of their own country and , presenting such an illuminating and sncrgetic example of Anglo-Saxon re- , lationship as to remain always as one ( of the most delightful recollections pf the war. " I was up in the Chateau-Thierry section not long after the marines stemmed the great tide and Registered themselves as a real ^uiwark pf civilization. The truth pf the matter is that Chateau-Thierry is the ifuil brother of the battle of the Mame, not only ip its significance t? the rest of the war, but to the fate of the world. If in that fateful June, 1918, the Germans had not been checked at that Immortal town which will forever mark one of the high tides of marine valor, Paris would have fallen. Paris was to France in the Great War what Rome was to the rest of the world in that other day of the barbarian. But the Hun was stopped and no obstacle that blocked his way was more heroic or more tenacious than the harrier of blood and sacrifice roared by the marine brigade. Turkish Atrocities on Armenians. Revolting stories ot how young girls of the age of 10 and upward were forced' to march naked for hpurs at a time, over mountains in scorching heat and freezing cold, and how thousands of them died from the exposure, are printed in the London Morning Post Pt?r\ m Ifo ofoff r?Arrnunnn Hnnt In Pnn. itantinople, who has been investigating the massacre of the Armenians by the Turks which commenced in the early part of 1916. In their determination to extinguish the whole Armenian race i > {-* EACE MISSION ^BPrH^^SB^^^^^^r^TyiTiinMHBj 1 !?7!Sii^ Zz*v-: HotaLCrillon, Paris, where the dele- ' E. Mfflouse, Secretary Lansing, PwesIi ' " the Turk* resorted to cruelties hitherto ' unknown to the human race since the 1 beginning of wars, according to the correspondent, "It ig estimated," said the oorrespon- 1 dent, '-'that 300,000 who were deported 1 to western Asia, crossed the bridge ' over the Euphrates from Sorlar to Chlttado, and of these only 1,500 are 1 now Alive. The trials of these unhap- * py ffifople j)id not cease at the end of ( the nKrch. The young girls were tak- 1 en into harems. "The governor of the { vilayet released all coavlcts from the ( prlsohs, divided them into bands of 300 to 300 each, armed with clubs, and 1 sent mem io outrage ana massacre rne ? Armenians collected In the vilayet The convicts became weary of the task and the'executioner was called In. He boasted that at Diarbehir 80,000 Armenians were put to death. He took 80.0 children, Inclosed them in a building and aet Are to it, "fairee month* after his accession, . the present sultan ordered all children who had been forcibly converted to be returned to their homes- The governor of Sansom on receiving the order collected all the children In his district and placed them on barges and had them towed Into the Black sea and drowned, 'i "IK Georgia, Zekki Bey regretted that his' soldiers had not been energetic a enough in killing Armenians, and he g had huge pits dug in which young f childrw arere buried alive." t NEGftflgB EXPERIENCE IN BATTLE a "Leapfrog wmi-ShgftriAtroutfri France.'' g Competent observers agree that our colored troops fought as nobly the c recent war as the tropps of apy other ^ color. J^toxt to a camp-meeting. In-1 r deed, the negro feels more at home " Wid a deadly clash of armed forces' than he does at work In the corn fields. 1 He feels that he Is doing the Lord's 0 work in both situations, and his spirit-'h ual nature finds as much gratification 1 [n the pious explosions of the one as r the fierce activity-and perils of the other. The following New York Trib- F une story from Camp IMx, N. J., gives H natural emphasis to this ruling char- * Eicteristic of the race: v The inferno of hot work In the line * evoked the religions fervor of negro > troops, which never is far from the I surface, . ;d this aspect of the fighting d still occupies a prominent place in the o recollection of wounded negro soldiers 1 returning to this cantonment. Thglr t Btoriea of the line and their descriptions of the tight places they were In b are tinged In almost every case by the 8 conviction that Providence intervened s in their personal behalf. s "When Fritz spotted us hell bus' n wide open an' tu'n all dem onregen-ret v niggers into a ragin'. prayeh-meptjn'," I said a sergeant. "J>en we onlimbeh b en smite old' Satan wid de swp'd o' v Gideon; dem Fritz es, dey Jes skedaddle ey*y w'ich ways." t Private Charips Walter, of the 67Qth v Infantry, $ "ragin' prayeh-meetin'" of v pne, was cited for hta devotion to duty t ip cn^Tying messages junder fire when c pll the other runner? of his outfit had \ been H^led or wounded, u "f }es' k?p' p-praying an' a.runnln' n an' ft-dodgin'," he said, "an* the Lord J sure kep' step wid me, but I don't see a Y\nm ho rinmo II T Ion no tphill 1 v nlflVfld (I hlde?an'-?eek en leapfrog wld shells I all ovah Prance, I reckon. g '^But when de biggest of all come a- j whoopin' along I wuz right out in de open an' no shell-hole nigh. Honest b to goodness, hit wuz big ez me an' a s dern sight mo1 sure wheah hit wuz 1! gwine- I flop like a rabbit an' f?d'ly v cuddle de ypth?reckon I landed qulcker'n dat pi' shell did.. t Je8' laid theah a-talkln' to Jesus y hard ez I copld en p-wuctbin' dat pi' C shell pU de tln^e. 1 seen her fai'ly humpin' he'se'f opten de groun' er. li swellin' tp bps'. Bpt, thank de good p Lord, sl^e quit er-humpin" an er-swell- o In' and I eren' off fo* she made UD 'er C mind w'at she gwlne do nex'." , m , s At the Monument of Columbus.?In his address at the monument of Columbus. at Genoa, Italy, the other day. President Wilson said:' "Standing In front of this monument, sir, f fully recognize the significance of what you have said. Columbus did dp a servipe j h to mankind fn discovering Amerloa, j r and it Is America's pleasure and Amp j h lea's pride that she has been able tp , * Bhow that it war a service to mankind; y to open that great continent to settle- J g ment, the settlement of a t^e People.,9 of a people, who they afe ire*. desire to see other peoples free and, 1' to share their liherty with the people j ^ of the wo,rld. ft is for this reason, no 1' doubt besides his fipe spirit pf adyen-r t ture, that Columbus wUl always be re- n membered and honored, pot only here d In the land of his birth, but through- v out the world, as the man who led the j n way to those fields of freedom whjoh, r planted with a great seed, have now o sprung up to the fructification of the 8 world." b , m , o Even when a woman does not re - (1 turn a man's affection she can't help admiring his discrimination. 111 . / - m. r. ur iiit i mil i it i g; t i Martin McCarter Writes ot His Ad-! ventures In France ' j 1 SAV MUCH OF THE HAKD FIGHTING ; Among the First American* to Go Into Belgium Saw Many Men Killed By 8hell* and Otherwise Had a Very Busy Tim* of It Rounding Up German Prisoners Feels Like a Veteran Who Has Don* His 8hare. Following la a "Daddy's Day" letter from Martin McCarter, military policeman in the Thirtieth Division, during its campaign in France, to his Father, J. L. McCarter, of Clover, R. F. D. No. 1. The letter is dated "Somewhere in France, Sunday, November 24": I have been promising you for some time to tell you a few happenings during the months I have been over here. Now an opportunity has presented itself. Today has been set apart as "Daddy's Day," and every soldier is urged to write his father. We sailed the XOth of May and landad the 27th. Therefore we were floating around seventeen days. When we were out about two days from Liver pool, the subs gave us a little chase. I Of course, that got our wind up just r i bit; but we landed at Liverpool all o. K. . From there we went to Southhampton, England, stayed there a day or E :wo, then came across the English :hannel to La Havre, France, got there the first day of June. Stayed there Lbout a week. Then-we made a wild lash into Belgium. By the way, we were the first Amercan boys to land in Belgium. Then, ifty of us, with Lieutenant Aberna- a :hy, went to Boulogne, France, to M. ?. school. We were over there in ichool thirty days. Then we came to ttaestrae, France, for furtherv inatruc- " ions in the work that we were to do n this great war, We went rifht up to the frrnt for he instructions, and there I got my lret taste of shell fire, which was con ant during our stay. Also there I " rot my first glanor of "no man's land." U1 the while we could see the shells ( ly about. And almost dally we could ec the battles in the air. It was at hla time that I saw my first "Fritz" ? >lane come down. We then, after being at _M. P. ohool, joined the company in Bel- n rium. It was then I got my first mall ? rom the states. I never shall forget \ hat day. , > We were in Belgium two months, ? nd the greater part of the time while 8 ye ^ were ther^ we wjpre pjftdey_i&eg_ ^ Ire from one pf "JerrsV long range P ims. While there we. helped the British aptpre Kemmel HU1, a great strong- ' iold for the Germans, That was our Irat victory. Then we moved to orthern Franoe. Now we were in the war proper. ^ 'here we began our drive on the 29th f September. There's where we ^ roko the Hlndenburg line; From here they (the Germans) ran like . abbits # ^ As you know, this was the turning ^ toint of the wnr. I went up to the Ines twice there. Well, I might say, ^ hree times for mo. The first time I ras at prisoner of war cage. We t iad charge of the captured "Jerrys." Ve handled 1,800 that day. Of course got a few souvenirs too. The next w rive I was in charge of advanced tragglers' post. Then I rounded up ^ ,600 German prisoners and sent them ^ o the prison cage.' I got this bunch (1,600) from day _ reak till 11.80 that night Now to 1ve you an idea of what I had. to t&nd up under that day, I was under hell fire for the entire day and t} light. |t surely was a great day s ,c] pork for roe, That was during the w iellocourt drive. We gpt several vtl- t, ages and released several hundred cl01 >fext week 1 went up. again, 1 had K nurtAAn men in mv charge. We forked traffic in and through the lewly captured village*. All this Une we were under shell fire. You an bet it wasn't very pleasant work. c had several very close callings nd at times I did not have very ituch Idea of getting out alive. I b< ust looked off at any time. All te .round me I could see men going own and trucks and horses being v' ilown to atoms. But a fellow has 'to cl et used to all such over here and gl ust wait for his time to ''come next. c< Anyway, I believe I have done nxy 01 dt, and can never regret the many w acrlflces I have made and the long 1st 9f hardahipa I have gone through p fitfi s^nee being over here. Believe me. "Daddy." the old Thlr- w ieth" has some "rep" over here. If r< ou are from the Thirtieth, you are all C( ), K. with these French people. I. must go for this time. I'm work- ** ng In an office now. Have a dandy p< ilace. I hgve Just given you a brief utllne. Will tell you all when I ome home. ** M'UU O hoort full nf lov<L VOUP OnlV on, Martin. f8 11 i CARRIED TOMMY'? BURDEN. ,s ncident Showing the French Feeling pi of Gratitude. H It was Just beyond Courtrai. on a 111 lazing hot day, writes Capt. R. F. W. leea. Five hours before a hlg attack I ^ iad been launched npt far away; but bl here was little to tell of war where w re were, save the low rumble of the una and the busy aircraft stuttering ignals and establishing contact, I ^ The pave road wot\nd drearily down ?> nto th? town, and out beyond It again, j8(1 Ve had stopped ou? car and were eatng lunch on the roadalde, Presently here game out of the town and commenced to climb the hill a British sol- I g< ler- But he was not alone, '.inere fere two girls with him. As they drew earer we could see that one girl carled the soldier's heavy- pack and the ther his rifle. When he saw us he hamefacedly tried to take back his elongings, but they would have none f it They were determined to bear to 'ommy> burden for him. ' st That Is Just a wayside glimpse, but tfc i is also the symbol and sign of the Ti . 'J;- - ' " if aver northern France toward her Alice who have liberated her from the Prussian'grip. Any soldier of the Ailed armies was given a rousing wel;ome such as seldom falls to the lot of i mail. Army cars were cheered wildy as they ripped along. Everybody vas eager to give some material shape .0 their gratitude?a cake, an apple; >erhaps only a flower; for I saw one ?ld woman Gobble across the road and rand a soldier some little wild bloom. Tho vnmitn nf TTro nnn on urov jack, on foot, to the villages they have tad to leave, were the most enthuslaalc of all. They would not let an twatached soldier carry his own pack. It ras no good protesting chivalry or .nythlng of that sort the man who reed Prance should carry no burden rhlle a strong French girl could do it or him, But he repaid her. His light tadinage, his fearful French, shorten (d the miles along the pave and there ras many'a kind-hearted motor-lorry triver who loaded up with civilians md put them a- day's march upon their tomeward way in an hour. If Is the best alliance, this alliance >f common cause and real affection, of nutual help in mutual need. It will iring France and England and Amerca very close together. When I think >f Alliance, I shall see no marbles, no on!ptared presentment of great naions In partnership. I shall see merey an old French road and a little rrenchwoman carrying a soldier's TUP ftAII ED BOND. ww" r fc.'; 1 legrimed and 8tainad it Exoitecf tha Imagination. "It Isn't the clrf&n bonds of high deominatlon that interest me," said one f the women who sort the Liberty onds in a vault of the federal reserve ank, as she snapped a rubber band round a millon dollars' worth, more r less. ^ "It's the worn and soiled ones the onds that look as if they had been weated for, may be carried around in greasy denim pocket all through the eat and work of summer, probably iken to bed by the owners and treatred night and day until they were schanged for bonds bearing a higher ite of Interest," ', ? The woman stood at the head of a >ng table beside which girls were pil\g bonds into neat packages mostly ie brown $60 ones, but which $100 nea, the dark blue of the $600, (ho reen of the $1,000, the red Qf (he $5tD0, the purple of the $10>000, the mason of the $6Q,QG0, and the light blue r the $100,000. The bonds, some of ism "alive" or uncanceled, and aome f them cdead" after their vlaj?^} the anceling machine at the fobudf the Laircafe, were handled Dy tne ammngi trl wo^'-ers with .a* much unooncernl h'lf the^ pfcftr Car fare conf^j OtUk " "Just paper," said one of the ?P*-\ And you get so sick of them you'd ither sort. pickles or pills or pillow Ipe for & change." "Just think," put in & blond creaire whose Angers flew M aho talked, they say a young fellow working at le other banknote some of the bonds e was sorting- What I can't underajid Is Why he didn't And something i?e to steal." "Here," called the woman at the ead of tne table, "is one of those I poke of only this one Is stained with >bacco juice as well as sweat." She held up & bond that barely hold igether at the creases worn to roundess at the corners?$ paper that had een wet man^y Umee and handled ith dirty ftaier* "I always feel that a bond like that worth more than Its face value," Ud the contemplative woman at the ead of the table. "No telling how tuch It has contributed to the owner's ifrlnftorn nr tn his habit of thrift. nd when I think of all the $50 ones iat have similar histories It makes lese $1,000 green bonds look a little leap and snobbish by comparison" id the woman snapped a band around vq dosen clean ones from a large >rporatloo and the priceless soiled ie with Its unwritten history. The ansae City Star. INFLUENZA QUARANTINE* alifornia Presbyterians Say There Must Bs No Diserimlnation. Although the Medical Advisory iard and the business men's commlt 1 ? A V..r?V_. Ia fltll/tv e, appuiwvu uj uuo m^vi te infiuensa situation, have both adlaed against the use of masks, or the oaing of assemblages, says a Lot Andes, California, dispatch, the city >uncil is trying to take some aotion .her than the quarantine of Individ- i *1 oases now in effect The Los Angeles presbytery of the resbyterlan church, in regular seeon, on Tuesday at which 11 delegates ere present unanimously passed a wolution directed to the mayor and >uncil, stating that it would not op3se any ordinance closing every store, leatre, church or other place where eople assemble, if such action was ?emed necessary, "but that said pres- 1 ftery la absolutely opposed to any teelal Quarantine which shall affect lly certain particular gatherings, and ild presbytery absolutely.refusea to be >und by the terms of any special leglation. In a speech before the council In J resenting the resolution , the Rev. ' erbert Booth Smith, pastor of Imanuel Presbyterian church, stated I lat be did not think the churches of 1 os Angeles should stand for such a ' in as was formerly in effect and hlch applied only to churches and , leatrea. and that If assemblages were i be closed, the churches would Insist ( iat every assemblage, every business ^ r otherwise, except such as were ab- j ilutely necessary, should be included. ] Love Poem. Reproduced from a ' . ~ i lze contest In wmcn iionona squig ins, the Child Wonder, of Squashvllle, on by a neck: "Two hearts that yearn For love's sweet prison, Where his la her*n And h;<r'n is hls'n.'* Richmond Times Dispatch. On the Gc. Comfortable incomes day are ra.*e most of them don't op with us lonr enough to make ismselves comfortable. The Boston i ranscript. i V, L w -y i'. Ill KCUNUNUt IDC AMI I Military Experts Recommend Force . of Fire Inndred Thousand '' vfr. - A ? *>: ,,'jl TO CONSIDER ONIYEIML SEIVICE H Probability is That tha Naxt Con* | gross Will Do Something. Definite Qon. March Thinks That All Arms Exeept Poison Qas 8hould Bo Con- -jfl tinusd Pay to bo Rodueod to ProWar Basis. The house military committee practically reached an. agreement In con- : >&|n ference with Secretary. Baker and Gen. March, chief of staff, last Prlday, to postpone the war department reorganisation bill until the next session of congress and with It a large part of the% jgjjjB prospective debate over the future military policy of the country. A suggestion by Chairman Dent that a legislative rider on the army apph>priatlon bill continuing the existence war organisation of the department and the regular army for another year, j a substitute for the reorganisation measure, met with the approval of Mr. Baker, and apparently with that of a majority of the committee members. The proposal grew orit of a conference at which Secretary Baker and the chief of staff explained the reorganisation measure framed by the department, providing to/ a regular army of 500,000 men to be raised by voluntary ,3 enlistment on a flat throe-year basis. The hill also would have made perma- " nent the absolute control over all branches of the army now exorcised by * ; \ the chief of staff as a wartime neeesChalrman Dent said it would be impdipeible to get such a bill throoch con- JmgSM grees in the present session. Commit- - V tee members agree, pointing out that |B| the war. deportment bill on its face appeared to be a military policy measure which abandoned the theory of universal military obligation. Mr. Baker insisted that this was not (he case; that no attempt to fix the nation's policy as to a peace time army was involved; but agreed that the substitution of eon* tlnulng authority appeared to be the wisest course in view of uncertainties of the situation abroad and lack of time tor congressional discussion. 4 The exact form of a rider Is to be studied by the genera) staff. It probably will leave the strength of the force to presidential order within limits and subject to appropriation limitations. The committee will take up at once hearings on the regular appropriation bill which provides as drawn for 600,* a 000 men. Secretary Baker would makejM declarations In regard to universal military service suggestions, saying that he would submit no proposal of that nature until the obligations of the nation could be gaugbd. 'The question of universal trailing ' is a question of national policy," said General March. "It Is tho duty of the general staff to submit recommendations to the secretary of war whenthey re called for. If they do not get by the secretary, they are stopped." General March said the army wt? now organized under presidential ordw 1 and ^he plan Included in the staff bill was practically that organisation. A total strength of 609,000 men Is provided for, he said, to be organized into 20 divisions grouped in flve'corpa. The totAl annual cost he %?d at 61.18t?000, estimated on a return to a base pay of $15 a month for privates and exclusive of $86,000,000 carried In the fortifications bill. All of the existing war time organizations such aa the tank corps, transportation and motor transportation corps, independent air service and the ^ like, are to be continued, with the exception of the chemical warfare service. ? ? "ft* In fit tMH of poison gas In ttrar," General March declared, "not that It makes any differ* ence how you kill a soldier, but the gas lies on the ground and penetrates back to villages and kills women and children. No civilised nation ought to . use It," If the president is given authority to continue wartime agencies of the army. General March said, the plan mapped out in the bill will be followed. It pro* rides for six officers of the rank of lieutenant general to take care of corps commanders, and fixes the chief of staff with the rank of general as the officer taking "rank * and precedence over all other officers." One of the most important provisions of the bill. General March said, was that of giving reserve corps offl cere ran* including uuu ox cvivim, ** Btead of major as now provided. "There ought not to be auch hampering In rank of men coming in from civil life," he aaid. ' Another condition which muat be remedied, the general said, wag that limiting permanent commissions from civil life to the grgde of aecond lieutenant If that to to be continued, he said, "the men who fought the war," would be lost for those who had proved themselves In action would not conBent to enter the regular service In that grade. The bill provides for absolute promotion by selection of all officers of rank of captain or higherGeneral March said the national guard was at present "out of existence" and added that until the men who really compose the old guard and are now In France have come home, not even the governors or adjutant generals of the states can forecast Its future. ta~ The story of Napoleon's heart is being revived in Paris why, no one can explain. It Is, of course, a matter Df record that when the body of Napoleon was prepared for burial at St Helena, in May, 1821, the heart was removed >by' a medical officer, who kept It all night in his own room and under bis own eye in a wineglass. The noise of the crystal breaking aroused him, not from sleep, but rather from awaking doze, and he started forward to see the heart in the clutches of a huge brown rat, which was dragging It etcro8s the floor. One story runs that be rescued It, but there is a gruesome tradition that It had been so gnawed and bitten as to be unrecognizable, and that the doctor was Tain to substitute the heart of a sheep, which he solderea up In a silver urn fllled with spirits and placed in the eaCfln. -JS" wV w .J&SjvA-* r Pl^T 1 "* ft'tu fairs'