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ISSUED SEMl'WKKKL^ ^ L. x. grist's sohs, PubUthen. | % dfamils Jpeirsgaper,: ^or th$ promotion oj 'N political, ^oqiat, ^grieulturat and Commercial interests of fh? $eop4. J t"VinoI"c<.pv!,"tk'Ik?t""C?' " established 1835. yorkville, s. c., friday. january 22, 1915. no. MMB? ?? ?? PROHIBITION Remarkable Effect o perin j (By George Kennan, Courtesy of The Never before, perhaps, In the history nf mankind has the prohibition of in to'icating liquor been so complete and effective as it has been in Russia since the outbreak of war, and never before, certainly has the world had such an opportunity to see what total abstinence may bring about. Now in Russia for the first time we have an opportunity to see what nation-wide prohibition may accomplish, and what the sociological results of total abstinence may be. The second reason for the demoralizing effect of vodka drinking in Russia is related to the place of consumption. Since the government estabL lished the vodka monopoly it has sold ft liquor on the dispensary plan only. The I purchaser may not buy less than a bottle, and he is forbidden to drink it on the premises. He therefore consumes it on the street; or. more commonly takes It home and drinks it there. Russian society was fully conscious of these evils, and made every possible effort to limit them; but so long as the government derived nearly a third of its revenue from the sale of intoxicants it gave no encouragement to temperance movements or temperance societies. On the contrary, it showed a disposition to regard every attempt to restrict the sale of vodka as a crime against the state. When the war broke cut, the government, in order to guard against the possibility of popular disorder during the period of mobilization, decided to suspend temporarily the sale of vodka. At it controlled absolutely the sources of supply and the means of distribution, it was able to do this with unprecedented effectiveness, and in less than forty-eight hours the drinking of intoxicants ceased. Scores of peasants in the towns poisoned themselves to death with wood alcohol, denatured alcohol or cologne; but vodka could not be had, because the government controlled the whole supply, and there had been no time to organize illicit manufacture and sale. The closing of the government dispensaries and the extraordinary results that followed gave not only the temperance workers but an overwhelming majority of the peasants an opportunity to show what they thought of the vodka traffic. Appeals and petitions begging the government not to reopen the dispensaries at the end of mobilization poured into the ministry of finance from zemstvos, town councils, communes, societies and individuals-in ail parts of the empire. Even habitual drinkers, who knew that vodka was ruining them, but who had not will power enough to let it alone if they could get it. Joined in the almost universal cry, "Don't reopen the shops!" The czar and his ministers listened to the voice of the nation. They had suspended the sale of vodka only until the 25th of August (O S), but when that day came they continued the suspension until the 1st of October. Then, as the beneficent result of total abstinence became increasingly apparent, and the appeals of the people grew w more and more insistent, the czar and k the commander-in-chief of the armies extended the prohibition to the end of |l the war, and finally made it include not only vodka, but strong wines, light wines, beer?everything. At the same time the czar himself made public the announcement that the sale of vodka by the government would never be resumed. Then millions of muzhiks and tens of millions of peasant women crossed themselves devoutly and cried, "Slava Bokhoo!" (Thank God!) Nearly four months have now passed since the drinking of intoxicants in Russia ceased, and the results of the reform are so extraordinary as to surpass the expectation:: even of the most sanguine prohibitionists and temperance workers. Mr. Ivan Zhilkin, writing in the leading Russian review, "Vestnik Evropa," of Petrograd, says "All Europe is filled with enthusiasm and gratitude. As if by the waving of a magic wand, drunkenness, debauchery, wild crime, disputing and fighting have ceased in the streets of both villages and towns. Factories and workshops are filling their orders with promptness and accuracy. In households long accustomed to poverty, strife, drunken qurrels, and blows there are now peace and quiet. The peasant ramines are even maxing pecuniary savings, which although small, are as welcome as they are unexpected. The very face of Russia, long disfigured by alcoholic excess.- seems to have been transformed and ennobled." ("Vestnik Evropa," Peirograd, September, 1914. Page 339). A correspondent of the "Russkoe Slovo," telegraphing from Viatka, says: "The closing of the government /? dispensaries in this city has been followed by a marked decrease in the number of robberies. Hooliganism has almost disappeared, and the police lockups, always filled on bazaar days with drunken men, are now empty. According to a member of the provincial zemstvo, the p?-asant villages are completely transformed. Drunkenness, fighting, and disorder, so noticeable on holidays, and fair days, have ceased." A correspondent of the same review in Simbirsk says: "The suspension of the vodka traffic has diminished crime in this city by fifty per cent, and hooliganism by ninety per cent. The same results are reported from a whole series of peasant villages in this province." From Orel the report is: "Prohibition has reduced crime here, as com pared with previous months, by eighty per cent. The court rooms and police k- stations are empty." In Voronezh, the police state that "in the first half of July, when the vodka dispensaries were open, there were in this city twenty-seven murders or other serious crimes. In the first half of August, when the vodka shops were closed, there were only eight." * IN RUSSIA f Unprecedented Extent. Outlook.) I The Hetartivs nnlipa of EkaterlnOS lav report that "crimes attributable to drunkenness have wholly ceased. Since the beginning of mobilization, there has not been a single case of murder, robbery, assault or hooligan- ( ism, although prior to that time there < were more than a hundred every other < month." ) In Ekaterinodar, according to the i police, "crime has decreased by nine- ] ty per cent, hooliganism has disap- ] peared, and the town in absolutely j quiet." ] In Saratof "the monthly average of i crimes has fallen from one hundred < and thirty to sixty. The asylum for ( alcoholics Is empty. The river steve- l dores have put on new clothes and are i sending money home. Attempts at < suicide have ceased." 1 In Yaroslav "the registers of the Jus- ] tices of the peace show that between the 31st of July and the 28th of Au- < gust there was brought before the i magistrates only one case. In the same < length of time before the suspension of < the sale of vodka the number of cases { often exceeded two hundred." i A correspondent In Kostroma writes: t "The number of crimes and ofTenses in \ this city in the fortnight prior to the t suspension of the vodka traffic was ( about three hundred. * In the first half of August there were only eight." i Writing from Tambof, at a much la- ? ter date (October 28), a correspondent l of the "Reitch" says: "Three months < have passed since the sale of vodka t ceased, and it is now possible to esti- j mate the extent of the beneficent re- t suits that have followed prohibition c The villages of this province, according to the reports of the peasants, have c become so changed as to be unrecog- t nizable. Fights, robberies and fires. ? they say, have almost ceased. But, c without placing too much reliance t upon these statements, we may show c the results of prohibiton by objective t facts. According to the records of the f procurator's office of the Tambof dis- \ trict, the average number of criminal t cases in the month of August for the > years 1911-12-13 was 515. In August 1914 (after the closing of the vodka f shops), the number was only 324. This a is the lowest criminal rate on record, r Information collected and compiled f by the Fire Insurance board of the same district shows that the average < number of accidental or incendiary t fires in August and September for the a five years immediately preceding 1914 1 was 960. The number in the same c months of this vear was only 630. \ which is also the lowest eveT record- j ed. The chief of the fire insurance board adds that this decrease in the number of fires represgnts a saving of 500,000 rubles in sixty days, or at the rate of 3,000,000 rubles a year. In the Moshansk and Tambof districts, where the number of fires has always been great, the results are still more surprising. During the months of the autumnal holidays last year the number of fires in the peasant villages of these districts was 148. In the same months this year it fell to 65. The police of the "bazaar precinct" in Tambof report that the monthly average of arrests has fallen from 300 in previous years to 70 in 1914. The police inspector of another Tambof precinct says that his station house contains so few prisoners that he is thinking of offering it to the sanitary authorities for a hospital. The president of the Tambof remstvo board, who has just returned from an extensive trip through the rural districts, says that, strange as it may seem, the peasant villages in this time of war show unmistakable evidences of prosperity. The muzhiks are better dressed, their taxes are paid more promptly, and trade in the village fairs has become more active. (Petrograd "Reitch," October 30, 1914). Just when and how Nicholas II came to take an interest in the temperance question no one certainly knows. The story current in Russia is that on his way back from the Crimea last year, the czar insisted on visiting personally, and without previous announcement, a number of peasant villages. The evidences that he saw there of poverty and demoralization due to intemperance are said to have made a deep impression upon him, and to have satisfied him that something must be done to limit the vodka traffic. This story is probably true; because in his rescript to M. Bark, the incoming minister of finance, in February last, the czar referred to these visits, and said they had convinced him that "the success of the vodka monopoly was based on the ruin of the spirtual and economic forces of the people.' He therefore directed the new finance minister to restrict the operations of the monopoly, and look for other sources of revenue that should be based "on the inexhaustible wealth of the contry and the productive labor of its inhabitants." Since that time Nicholas II seems to have become an extreme prohibitionist. He now has no tolerance for intoxicating liquor of any kind, and only a Nicholas overruled the whole council of ministers on the question whether t the transition from drunkenness to sobriety should not be made gradual by the substitution of beer for vodka. The council agreed to reduce the alcoholic ^ strength of the beer to three per cent j and to increase the price to twenty kopeks a bottle, but the czar and the commander-in-chief would not have it. Beer as well as vodka must go. at least during the continuance of the war. (Petrograd "Reitch." October 31, . and New York "Evening Post" No- ( vember 16, 1914). , Before the war ends the peasants will be more or less accustomed to to- ] iai ausiuinivr, ttnu uiey win nave nau | such overwhelming evidence of its j beneficial effects that they will be , ready for its continuance. They arc ready in fact, now; and a plebiscite on , the question today would show a un- | animity that would astonish Europe. ! Russia in these days is often described 1 as "barbarous," "semi-barbarous," of j "mediaeval;" but it will not be neces- , I sary to modify this characterization if in temperance reform she becomes the leader of the world, and sets an example for all mankind. ABOUT COTTON WILT Description of the Disease and the Remedy Therefor. Ten million dollars a year is a conservative estimate of the damage caused in southern cotton fields by cotton wilt and root-knot. To help to reduce this heavy loss, the depart-1 ment of agriculture has issued Farm-I ers' Bulletin 625, describing the two' diseases and the best methods of combating them. Cotton wilt is most general in eastern South Carolina, southwestern Georgia, southeastern Alabama, and central Louisiana, although it is found In the remaining portions of these states and in scattered districts in most of the remaining cotton growing states. Cotton wilt is to be suspected when the leaves of cotton plants wilt and fall off without any ipparent reason. Where the interior jf the stem or root of a freshly wilted plant is found to be browned or slackened, the disease is almost sure to be wilt. A reduction in the length it the main stem and a shortening of the distance between the branches is ikewise characteristic of wilt. The disease may kill the plants iarlv in May, or its first indication nay be the sudden wilting and death >t practically mature plants in midSeptember. All through the season iffected stalks die. The first appearince of wilt in a field is usually in imall rounded or Irregular areas, vhich enlarge every season. Outside he spots where the plants are killed, Iwarfed and sickly plants occur. The wilt is caused by a fungus, a nlnute moldlike plant growth which mters the roots from the soil. Closey related fungi of the same genus :ause serious wilts of okra, coffeeveed, cowpeas, tomato, watermelon potato and other plants, but these iiseases thus far have not been provfd to be communicable to cotton. Cotton wilt is spread by the growth >f the fungus through the soil and >y any agency which will transfer ipores or disease-infected soil from me field to another, such as cultiva- ; ore, plows and other tools, the feet >f men or animals, wind and drainage vater. During heavy rains the overlow from diseased fields will carry the vilt to lower areas, and for this reason erraces may often be built to advantage to turn the water into ditchfs. Stable manure infected by the 1 eet of animals may carry the wilt, ind it is known that it spreads most ?oticably along frequently traveled arm roads or paths. The wilt occurs almost exclusively >n soils of a sandy or sandy loam naure, and the lighter the soil the more levere is the wilt apt to be. Rarely las the disease been known to occur n clay soli. It Is more severe in vet seasons and less injurious in dry ears. Where root-knot occurs with wilt, he amount of loss is naturally inTeased. The growing of wilt-resistant coton seems to be the chief protection ilthough where wilt occurs with rootcnot, rotation will control the rootcnot and thus lessen the damage rom wilt, which is increased by the oot-knot menathodes. Vilt-Resistant Varieties Developed by Breeding. As a result of many experiments by he department, it has been found hat the large boll cottons are generaly more subject to wilt than the small oiled varieties. The development of vilt-resistant strains requires breedng for several years. Mass selecions from apparently resistant strains f existing commercial varieties will lot suffice. The principal resistant ipland cottons are the Dillon, the Dixe and the Modella. In addition, sev ral hybrid resistant strains are beng bred to produce a larger boll, i onger lint, and higher percentage of int than the Dillon and Dixie. Other ' artially wilt-resistant varieties that lave been developed by individual armers are the Sam Wood and the Covington Toole. Resistance to Wilt Maintained by s* _ . i n ? - -j: varvTui o rctj u m g. Several years' experience with wilt esistant varieties has demonstrated he fact that resistance to wilt can be naintained only by careful attention o breeding-. Special acres are needed to >revent the deterioration of resistant -arieties through crossing with noneslstant cotton in nearby fields, hrough the lack of selection, and hrough the mixing of seed at the >ublic gins. A careful man can mainain the resistance of his cotton inlefinitely, but when neglected, it oses this quality in three or four 'ears and must be replaced by fresh leed. Consequently, there is likely 0 be a permanent annual demand for iev<ral thousand bushels of carefully >red wilt-resistant seed in nearly ev-ry infected county. It is important hat this should be grown in the home :ounty, as locally grown seed gives jetter results than seed brought from 1 distance. Because of these facts an xcellent opportunity exists for progressive men in every wilt-Infected , rounty to engage with profit in the trowing of seed of wilt-resistant va ieties of cotton. The method found nost successful- requires care, ac-uracy and instruction at the start. The Wade Cotton Pool.?We have lever taken much stock in the Wade :otton pool, for the reason that we did lot look upon it as a movement actuited by philanthropy, as was claimed 'or it, and we had doubt as to there leing as much public spirit behind it is was asserted. So we are not at all surprised when J. L. McLaurin, state warehouse comnissioner, asserts that some of the noney that was raised by the plan has leen loaned to the cotton mills instead >f to the farmers to enable them to lold their cotton. What else did Mr. McLaurin expect? L>id he not expect that the holders of :he money would loan it to the mills f they found It advantageous to do JO? As a matter of fact, the whole business was a scheme of men with money ny taking advantage of the present situation. And those newspapers which have been so freely giving their space to advertise it have been giving :heir space away. That's all.?Anderson Daily Mail. FOOTSTEPS OHHEFATHERS As Traced Id Early Flies of The Yorkvllle Enquirer NEWS AND VIEWS OF YESTERDAY Bringing Up Reco.ds of tht Past and Giving the Younger Readera of Today a Pretty Comprehensive Knowl tdga of the Things that Most Con- I corned Generations that Have Gonel Before. The first Installment of the notes appearing under this heading was published in our Issue of November 14. 1913. The notes are being prepared by the editor as time and opportunity permit. Their purpose Is to bring Into review the events of the past for the pleasure and satisfaction of the older people and for the entertainment and instruction of the present generation. 106TH INSTALLMENT (Thursday Morning, January 2, 1862). Editorial Correspondence. Tuesday Night, Dec. 24, 1861. Dear Enquirer: we write to you under feeling of deeper Badness tonight, than we ever did before. All the news we have to convey is afflicting. That "troubles never come single-handed" is mournfully illustrated by the sad occurrences of the last few days. Friday last, the anniversary of our s cession was signalized by a disaster to our arms, in an engagement of one hour and ten minutes, near Drainsville. To give you a detailed idea, the neighborhood of Dralnsville is well supplied with an abundance of hay, to secure which was a deslderation both to us and the enemy. Gen. Stuart, having discovered a hostile regiment and park of artillery at or near Dralnsville, sent back for some forces on Thursday evening, to cut off the Hessians and obtain the hay. Early Friday morning, a train of 136 wagons, supported by the 11th Va., Col. Gailaird, 10th Alabama, Col. ; 6th South Carolina, under Lieut.-Col. Lecut; 1st Kentucky, Col. Tom Tay- , lor and four pieces of the Sumter (Ga.) artillery, Capt. Cults, moved forward about dawn from Centreville, to join Gen. Stuart and a portion of Col.'s Ransom and Radford's cavalry. The whole, numbering some 2,500, then proceeded towards Dralnsville. About , two miles this side of that place, the road passes into a very dense forest of small pines, which extends on both sides of the road for perhaps more than a mile. The enemy, who must have gotten wind of Gen. Stuart's in- , tentions, and been strongly reinforced, were advantageously posted in large numbers on the opposite skirt of this , tangled thicket, in an old road which had been cut into the ground, and behind a stone-fence which together protected very well as high ay the breast. Just before reaching the exit from the pines towards Dralnsville, an aid to Gen. Stuart galloped back and in formed him that they were upon the enemy, although a Uniom traitor who had been met that morning, told him | that they were nowhere to be seen. The 11th Virginia and the 10th Alabama at once filed to the right of the road, and the 6th South Carolina and 1st Kentucky to the left; and were forming as well as the ground would permit, a line of battle. At this Juncture, and when they were within some hundred yards of the foe, the left wing of the 1st Kentucky, who had turned to the left In the rear of Col. Secrest's command, and who had been instructed to fire upon the first men they saw. poured a volley into the South Carolinians. The enemy at once from behind their "stone-wall," opened a deadly fire upon them in front. This unex- . pected and appallng cross-fire for a , moment caused the line to stagger; but most of the men rallied and during the stormy hour which ensued "fired lying," exhibiting in many instances, the greatest bravery, coolness and dexterity. The Kentuckians having discovered their mortifying mistake took position at the left of Col. Secrest, and fought with energy and effect. The 11th Virginia is said to have charged the enemy's left wing and ' driven them hack to within sight of Drainsville. The artillery, owing to the density of the pines, was forced to i move along the road to where they I could find a suitable postion. Capt. Cutts succeeded in getting only three , pieces to bear upon the opposing horde; which, however, were manned bravely and skillfully; and did much execution, though they suffered terri- ! bly?five or six being killed on the field, six or eight mortally wounded or severely wounded, and a few others 1 slightly, while one caisson, one lumber box and twenty odd horses are said to have been lost. The position was found to be untenable, and Gen. i Stuart withdrew in good order, and offered them battle in a less unequal ; position. The enemy, however, had enough of it and did not pursue; , though they held the field and most of our dead and several wounded fell into their hands. , Our loss was perhaps fifty killed and 15ft wounded and missine. The enemy, aooording to the latest opinion of Gen. Stuart, suffered much more- their victory turning out to be a defeat In reality. A wounded man, whose wound they dressed and left him behind when they retreated?for Gen. 1 Stuart went six miles beyond, nnd could not find them, the next day? ' stated that they had fifty wounded in ' the house where he lay. But their numbers and their losses are both i very uncertain at this time and per- I haps will remain so to us. < We give below the official report of the casualties in Col. Winder's regl- I ment. The Alabamians are said to have suffered most; but considering the fact that Col. Secrest had only 315 1 men with him, we think his loss rela tively the greatest. The names in 1 italics, are marked as distinguished for coolness, bravery, intrepidity, gal- 1 lantry In the copy of the report hand I'll id ua. Calhoun Guards?Capt. J. T. Walk- ' er, wounded; severely, William Mc- 1 Fadden, Robt. T. Wylle. Catawba Guards?Capt. Strait? Killed: John G. Barber. Wounded: severely, A. J. Barnes- < slightly, Jas. Gladden, W. F. Knox, C. ] R. Sibley, Roddey. i Buckhead Guards?Captain E. J. Means?killed: Serjeant R. H. Morris Frank English. Wounded, mortally: Corporal W. C Byers, Zeb. Mobley; severely. Capt. E J. Means, D. W. Holley, R. W. Means (young Means fought on after receiving his wound); slightly, Corporal Butler P. Alstor, Privates R. Wad( Buice and A. P. Lyles. Chester Blues?Capt. E. C. McClure Killed: W. H. Abell, R. S. Johnson, J McKeown, J. W. Emith. Wounded, mortally: Sergt. Carothers: severely: McAllley; slightly: 8ergt. Elliott, Jr.; Boyd; Robt. Llpsey; J. Lucius Gaston; E. F, Wright; R. C. McCormick; Lieut. D. Colvin. Boyce Guards?Capt. Shedd. Killed: J. M. Elliott. Chester Guards?Capt. O. Hardin. Killed: Corporal Thos. Harden, Private Geo. Brakefleld. Wounded: severely, Capt. O. Harden; slightly: Sergt. J. A. Sanders, Private John Lucas. Pickens Guards?Capt. J. M. Moore. Killed: J. T. Caldwell, W. S. McDill. Wounded: Capt (?) L. S. Douglas and Privates M. R. Dye and 8. M. Shuler. York Guards?Capt. J. N. Whyte. Killed: 1st. Lieut. F. E. Moore. Corporal W. T. Robinson, Privates Thos. tJ. Parks, N. P. Price, Sam'l. Hoffman. Wounded, mortally: Sergeant J. N. Faris. Private Wm. Hamilton; severely: Wm. Crosby, A. F. Branch, H. K. Sadler, Andrew Mlnter; slightly: Orderly Wm. Campbell, Jno. Harvey, Wm. M. Whitesldes, Hollis, Patterson. Limestone Guards?Captain W. D. Camp. Wounded: J. P. Scates, slightly. Carolina Mountaineers: Capt. J. P. Southern. Wounded, severely: T. B. Cunningham, D. W. Blamgame, Ira C. Atkinson, R. B. Latham, J. L. Griffith; slightly: J. M. Jackson, J. W. Holtsclaw; missing: J. W. Rowan, probably killed; (has come in, we believe); Lawrence Ten hart. Maj. Woodward was slightly wounded in the thigh, Lieut. Col. Martin of the Alabama regiment was killed. Col. Tom Taylor, of the 1st Kentucky, was cut ofT from his command, and lay all night in the woods, with the Yankees all around him; but escaped and is now with his regiment. Many received bullet holes in their clothing; but were not hurt. One man has four in his coat sleeve that can be covered with the hand, one about his side and a sixth about his collar. A very sensible member of the Buckhead Guards, speaking of his own miraculous escape, told us that two were killed and two others wounded immediately around him, while he was not touched. We have no doubt that this was an extremely hot fight while it lasted; and the wonders are that we were not compelled to retire sooner, and that we loot no more men. It is with deep sorrow that we add to the gloom of this letter, by recording the lamentable death of our adjutant, E. B. Clinton. We can scarcely realize that his glowing countenance, his manly mien, his flashing eye, his genial smile, shall greet us no more; but alas! he died this morning at Warrenton. His loss Is Irreparable to the regiment. His uncommon energy, his commanding appearance and his military tastes and knowledge, and his clear-toned voice, made him an admirable adjutant. From his familiar and kind, yet dignified deportment?the happy mixture of urbanity and dignity In his nature?he was universally loved and respected by the soldiers. No man was more approachable when oft duty; no man more irreproachable while on duty. You will indulge the freshness of a friend's grief, when we say that for nearly two years we have enjoyed his Intimate friendship; and we feel that his death has made a great rift in our own life. "Green be the turf above thee Friend of my better days; None knew thee but to love thee, Nor named thee but to praise." Sorrowfully, Our Corporal. (To be continued.) HAPPENINGS IN THE STATE. New* Item* from All Section* of South Carolina. Winfleld S. Thorne, a prominent citizen of Greenwood, died suddenly In that city, last week. Business men and farmers of Sumter and Darlington counties are preparing to build flour mills. Sales of the five dispensaries of Florence county during the month of L>ecemher, 1914, totaled 156,271.76, Estimates by the census department show that the Anderson county cotton crop Is short about 16,000 bales this year. Mrs. Susan Johnson, one of the oldest residents of Columbia, died in that city Monday morning, aged 87 years. The six state rural policemen made more than 600 arrests during the year just closed, and as a result of their work, fines amounting to $4,443 were collected. The 16th company of coast artillery, U. S. A., which at present is stationed at Fort Moultrie, off Charleston, has been ordered to New York, from whence It will go to Panama. According to an estimate of the census department, 259,965 tons of cotton seed of the 1914 crop, were crushed in South Carolina prior to January 11. Before going out of office Tuesday. Governor Charles A. Smith honored requisition papers from Gov. Tranmel of Florida, for Fred Anderson, who is waiucu in mac niaic uii cue maimer c?* murder. What Shell Fire is Like.?I have read many attempts to describe shell fire In a battle, but not one to equal the easy description of this young officer, who does not pretend to be a stylist. Listen: "You hear a boom miles away, hardly audible in the distance. Then a faint sigh, gradually rising to a scream as the shell whizzes toward you. Then a flash, an immense crash and the air is filled with thousands of bullets and jagged lumps of Iron, each making a different sort of shrieking noise. Then phlt-phlt-phlt everywhere as they hit the ground. "This is shrapnel."?'London Sketch. TOLD BY LOCAL EXCHANGES News Happenings In Neighboring Communities. i CONDENSED FOR QUICK READING Dealing Mainly With Local Affairs of Cherokee, Cleveland, Qaeton, Lancaster and Cheater. Gaffney Ledger, Jan. 19: Among the interesting visitors in the city is Capt. Rufus Byers, U. S. A., stationed at Manila, P. I., who is here for the first time in seven years. Capt. Byers is a brother of Mr. G. G. Byers. whose guest he has been for a few days. He leaves today for Gainesville. Ga., where he goes to visit other relatives before his leave of absence expires. oecreiuxy ui eiuie n. m. aicKown has issued a commission to the Carolina Drug company of Blacksburg, with a capital stock of S4.000. The petitioners are: Charles Baber, J. G. Sapoch, Allie Osborne, P. T. Sapoch, and J. F. Belue. The books of subscription to the capital stock of the new concern will be opened on Sat- \ urday, January 23 "Where there's a will, there's a way," was demonstrated in an undeniable manner Thursday, i when Flake Allison married Georgia 1 Price. It is well known that the course | of true love is over a rocky bed and ( in this instance It must have seemed , particularly rough. But, as set forth in the premlsis of this argument, If , the determination to accomplish a , purpose is sufficiently strong, the , purpose, whatever it may be, will , eventually be accomplished. Flake and Georgia are two young people J who live In the Macedonia section of | Cherokee county. They have been t comrades and pals for the larger part , of their earthly existence, and as was , only natural, gradually their hearts began to yearn for each other, for a closer companionship that could only be the result of the two being made one by being joined in the bonds of holy matrimony. The young lovers planned to hear Christmas wedding bells, but alas, and alack, the plans were seriously interfered with by the father of the bride. After the couple had left home, and while they were on the way to Gaffney to secure a marriage license, the young lady's father, Mr. D. C. Price, got into communication with the probate judge and requested him not to issue them a permit. Considering the circumstances, Probate Judge Kirby gently informed them that he had been forbidden to give Miss Price a license to marry anybody. Mr. Price came to the city, and returned immediately, taking his daughter with him, and leaving the young man in a very disconsolate frame of mind. The next morning young Allison called on the old man to reason the matter with him; but after a few words the scene grew stormy; and after the storm the father of the would-be bride was suffering with a broken jaw. On Wednesday of last week, the lovers decided to make a second attempt to get married. Young Allison applied to Probate Judge Kirby for a license, but the amiable judge, remembering the consequences of the first attempt, again declined to grant the permit. The swain was really disappointed, but being determined to accomplish his purpose, he mounted, the train, went to Spartanburg and secured a license. He returned home, but kept the result of the day's work a secret from all except the chosen one. Thursday morning the groom went about his work as usual while the bride trooped ofT to school even more cheerful than was her custom During the day, Allison went to the Macedonia school house, and upon leaving he was accompanied by Miss Georgia Price. With all haste possible, they hunted up Notary Public Richards, and It was only a few minutes until the Gordian knot was tied?tied so 1 strong that there was no possibility j of its being loosed by an irate father- ' in-law. The happy couple, with much 1 forgiving, sought the forgiveness of the ] bride's father. After the matter had ' been thoroughly explained, Mr. Price 1 accepted the inevitable, and gave his 1 children welcome Determination < to change Cherokee county's standing ' in the column of illiterate white adults 1 was expressed at the monthly meeting f of the Cherokee County Teachers' as- j sociation, held at Limestone college, ' Saturday. The meeting was well at- 1 n?/l/>fl K,i K/\f W oif ir n nrl OAlintrv 1 ICIIUCU U J UUbll Wlb/ Hiiu vwuithi/ school teachers, all of whom were very much Interested In the work of the organization. Besides the resolution adopted with the intention of reducing illiteracy in this county, the feature of the meeting was an address delivered by Dr. John G. Clinkscales, professor of mathematics at Wofford college, Spartanburg. Dr. Clinkscales is one of the best known educators in the state of South Carolina, and the county teachers were particularly favored when he accepted the Invitation to address them Friends of Mr. W. Ernest Austell, who suffered the loss of his right foot last Thursday, when a train ran over him, will be glad to learn that he is doing nicely at the city hospital. His condition on yesterday, was very gratifying to attending physicians, and it is expected that his recovery will be rapid Mr. Wm. M. Michaels, who lives in Cherokee county near Chensee, was seriously injured last week while cutting wood when a piece of the timber flew up and struck him in the mouth. The entire roof of his mouth was caved in by the blow. The injured man was carried to a Spartanburg hospital, where he was given medical attention. His chances for recovery were reported to be very slight. Cheater Reporter, Jan. 18: The special teachers' examination was held at the court house Friday, by County Superintendent of Education W. D. Knox. The following were the white applicants: T. F. Wilkes, Roy W. Wilkes, Misses Irene Wilkes, Viola Proctor, Elizabeth Melton, Laura McGarity, Elizabeth Latham, Azile Ligon, Theresa Gladden, Lillian Cornwell, Evelyn Carter, Annie Aiken. There were also ten colored applicants The contract for the improvements at the Chester sanatorium was let_to Mr. J. P. Yandle, Friday, and Mr. Yandie began work this morning. The Chester Plumbing & Electric Co., will install the plumbing and heating. The plans were drawn by Mr. J. S. Starr of Rock Hill, who has several handsome jobs in Chester to his credit Mr. J. Ben Dickerson of the Crosbyville community, after a lingering and painful illness, died at his home Thursday afternoon in the forty-ninth year of his age. Interment was at Cool Branch church, of which he was a member, Friday afternoon, services being conducted by the pastor, Rev. E. D. Wells The Stonewall Fire Co. was called out Tuesday evening shortly after dusk to extinguish a blaze in an outbuilding on the premises of Mr. H. F. Richardson on Gadsden street. The loss included a quantity of coal, fifty bushels of corn, two thousand bundles of fodder and some hay Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Hardin have announced the engagement of their niece, Miss Kitty James, to Mr. Frank Clark, Jr., of Gainesville, Fla., the wedding to be solemnized on January 27th Postmaster J. W. Dunovant wrote a letter this morning to g the fourth assistant postmaster general at Washington, declaring that the p condition at and about the McNinch r creek on the public road, is such that & in rainy weather, such as we are now ? experiencing, the carrier and his load of mail are in great danger in making : the crossing. "On each side of the j stream is a long bottom, and these . bottoms are so flat the water soreads out on one side 200 or 300 feet, the other side 50 or 60 feet, and the water so deep that it is impossible to get to i the bridge." Mr. Dunovant declares ? that he is called on all of the county i supervisors in recent years, including i a visit to the present supervisor, Mr. ? D. G. Anderson, and has been unable' \ to get any satisfaction. He, therefore, 1 recommends that if conditions are not remedied at an early date, R. F. D. No. 2, be discontinued until the bridge is Anally put in shape Mr. Jas. Hamilton has been appointed registrar of vital statistics for Chester township as well as the city of Chester. Dr. J. A. Hayne, in a letter to Mr. Hamilton, asks the various township registrars not to make their Arst report until February 10th The state board of election commissioners for Chester county, whose duty it is to canvass the vote cast at last Tuesday's special election and declare the result, held a meeting on Saturday. Messrs. Lucas and Page being present, but did not conclude matters. We understand that the board is of the nntntnn Ihnt fhM* wero nnmp nllsrht technical Irregularities as charged, but will declare Mr. nrice elected 9 9m Gastonia Gazette, Jan. 19: A meeting of the township publie school supervisors' association was held Saturday morning in. the office of County Superintendent of Schools F. P. Hall, at the court house. Among the subjects informally discussed were the compulsory school law, courses of study, selection of competent teachers, school charters and the matter of securing health talks by the physicians of the county to the pupils of the schools Roy Chapman, an insane negro about 35 years old, attired only in his night clothes, forced open the front door of the Gaston Loan and Trust Co., at 7 o'clock Sunday morning, smashed the large plate glass window in the front of the building with an iron stamp holder, demolished the wall clock and then seated himself in one corner of the building and quietly waited to be arrested. The police were immediately notified and the man was taken to the city jail, but was later transferred to the county jail for safe keeping A charier was Issued last week to the King's Mountain Manufacturing company, of Gaston county. The capital is (95,000 authorized, and (48,100 subscribed by W. A. Mauney, J. S. Mauney and others. The concern will do a general textile manufacturing, woo'en and mercantile business Mesurs. S. N. Boyce, Chas. Ford, P. W. Garland and I. W. Timberlake left this moming Tor Raleigh, to attend the annual meeting of the Grand Lodge of Masons. Mr. Boyce Is an officer of the 3rand Lodge, being custodian, while Sdessra Ford, Timberlake and Garand go as representatives of Gastonlu lodge, No. 396, A. F. & A. M. The session of the Grand Lodge will continue three days of this week Dr. G. 3. Holland, a prominent physician of Bluefleld, W. Va, is spending some time here and at Dallas with his prother, Mr. C. D. Holland, and other relatives. Dr. Holland is a native of 3aston, but has lived at Bluefleld for many years past. He has a wide cir:le of friends over the county who are lelighted to see him once again. Dr. Holland visits his old home town ev ry two or three years and always Inds a welcome The January term >f Gaston superior court, which will pe in session two weeks for the trial pf both criminal and civil cases, befan at the county court house yesterlay, with Judge Hehry P. Lane, of the Eleventh judicial district, presiding, ind Solicitor George W. Wilson appearing for the state of North Carolna Local chicken fanciers are seriously considering the proposition it reviving the Gaston Poultry associition which flourished for several ^ears before it was discontinued two >r three years ago. Gastonia has julte a number of poultry fanciers ind the shows formerly given by the issociatlon were unusually creditable. The organization had been ni^ed on i paying basis and, it is ufRmatood, las some funds in hand as a starter towards re-organization. That something tangible will in all probabilty tome from the talk that is going the rounds on the subject seems altogether probable. Rock Hill Record, Jan. 18: A movement is under way to turn the auditorium of the Central Graded school nto a gymnasium for the use of the men, the boys and the girls of the town. At present the emphasis is beng laid on the formation of a class imong the business and professional men of the city. Several had spoken t>f the need of regular exercises during the winter months, and this will give such an opportunity to those who can I" ?? '* "TTnolo TTnH" PnlhAPt ,Cl in U1I Alt i ? W 1IV1V M|/?* wairv. ?| i faithful negro, died at his home lere Saturday morning at 4 o'clock, as l result of a stroke of paralysis susained Friday afternoon, while workng in the garden at the home of Mr. ind Mrs. J. B. Gaston. He was 74 vears old, and was born in Lancaster lounty, having been practically raised iy Col W. B. Dunlap, with whom he svas contemporaneous, they having played together as boys, and he was to :he colonel, a faithful servitor. Though lis skin was black, "Uncle Eph" was ?very inch a gentleman. He lived a :rue and correct life, was always poite to his white friends and always Lppreciative of their kindness and invariably won their respect Presiient Johnson has received a notice 'rom the management of Mme. Schunann-Heink, the famous contralto, who was to have appeared here on February 4, cancelling the engagement >n account of a physical and nervous ireakdown, combined with tonsllitis ind bronchitis. She has been taken to California in the hope of benefiting ler health. This Is a great disappointment to Dr. Johnson and also the nanagement of Mme. SchumannHeink, as this is the second time she las had to cancel all her engagements n the south Miss Lula Griffith, a-hose serious illness was mentioned n the last issue of the Record, died Tuesday evening at her home on Spruce street. She had been a suf'erer from tuberculosis for some time. Her remains were taken to Bethesda, FYiday, and buried in the cemetery at :hat place The remains of Mrs. Lillian Pigler, who died yesterday in Jreenville, were brought here this norning and buried this afternoon in Laurelwood cemetery. Rev. Alex. Vlartin conducting the services. * Lancaster News, Jan. 19: The Dry Creek School Improvement associalon met and was organized January i5. The following officers were elected: Mrs. J. A. Cauthen, president; Urs. L P. Bell, secretary; Mrs. G. W. Cauthen, treasurer. The association nroliod nineteen members and has aised in all 927.15, wnicn is creauea n this month's report. The assoclaion's attention was called to some of he present needs of the school, which vas cheerfully responded to The ollowing registrars of births and leaths have been appointed for Lan:aster county: Lancaster, J. H. Poag; 3uford township, J. D. Kinson; Cane >eek township, W. H. Draffln; Cedar ?reek township, W. F. Hudson: Gills ?reek township, J. T. Thomasson; feasant Hill township. Z. F. Mackey; iVaxhaw, T. W. Secrest. ? The South Carolina railroad comnission is this week holding a hearng in the matter of having railways educe the rates on grain from interor points to the port of Charleston, rhe matter has been agitated by sev ral chambers of commerce in the tate and other commercial organlzaions with a view towards encouragng the production of grain in the itate. The various railroads in the tate have announced their willingless to co-operate in every way to lecure reduction which would place south Carolina grain producers on a >arity with the western farmers, but hat the new rate should not be put nto effect until the crop in this secion has been sufficiently increased. ? Baxter F. MCLiertdon, an evangeist, closed a five weeks' meeting In lumter last Sunday. More than 200 lersons made profession of faith durng the meeting. The evangelist left ?umter for Philadelphia, where he vill assist the famous Billy Sunday in Us meeting there. GENERAL NEWS NOTES. Item* of Interest Gathered From All Around the World. The United State* cruiser Tennessee, on Sunday, landed 1,500 refugees from Palestine at Alexanderla, Egypt. Alexandria now has more than 10,000 refugees from Palestine. Because of failure to pass thee semiannual examinations, 34 cadets at West Point military academy have been dismissed from that institution. By a vote of 40 to 38, the senate on Monday, voted against prohibition in the District of Columbia. The teat vote was on a motion to suspend the rules. A direct vote on the proposition was not taken. A corporal serving In the army of Servia. a few days ago captured his own brother, who was a soldier In the Austrian army, having been forced Into the service of Austria at the beginning of the war. The First National bank of Uniontown, Pa, one of the nation's "honor" banks, which recently paid & dividend of 700 per cent, was closed Monday, by order of a bank examiner. The bank Is temporarily embarrassed because of the tightness of money. Representative Oscar Underwood, chairman of the ways and means committee of the house, stated Monday, that It was hardly possible that congiess would put an embargo on the shipment of wheat to European countries. The libel suit of Wm. Barnes, Jr., a Republican leader of New York state, against ex-President Roosevelt, is set for trial at the April term of the supreme court of Onondaga county. Barnes asks for $60,000 damages. During the twenty-eight weeks following July 1, 1914, 207,000,000 bushels of wheat were exported from the United States. During the same period of the previous year the exports of wheat totaled 105,000,000 bushels. Six hundred draught horses, the first of a consignment of 20,000 to be shipped for use on European battlefields, left Boston, Sunday, on the steamship Iberian. The cargo also included 16 carloads of motor trucks for the British army. In the coming trial of Harry K. Thaw in New York, for conspiracy t<; escape from the insane asylum at Mattewan, Thaw's attorneys will make an effort to have Mr Jerome prove that Thaw is sane. Otherwise he cannot be tried on a charge of conspiracy. The Russian steamship Novgorod, has landed at Valdivostok the first consignment of big guns, made at Bethlehem, Pa., for the Russian army's use in Poland. A sister ship of the Nftvgorod will sail this week from Vancouver with the second consignment of siege guns and will also carry 45 carloads of ammunition and automobiles to Vlodivostok When the battleship Oregon goes to Panama to participate in President Wilson's formal opening of the canal, she will have on board Rear Admiral Chas. E. Clark, retired, who commanded the Oregon in its famous trip m-niinH the Wnm Hurlnv the S Danish American war in 1898, and also as many of the crew on board at that time as can be gotten together for the trip. The following official report has been sent out by the Russians from Tifhs: "The army of the Caucasus has covered its flags with glory by a fresh heroic exploit,* having annihilated near Kara-Urgan, in Turkish .Armenia, the 11th Turkish corps, 40,000 men, with the exception of several insignificant elements which are fleeing in disorder. We have captured all the artillery of this corps." According to the first comprehensive report of the General Education board, covering a period of twelve years, since its foundation by John D. Rockefeller, recently issued, shows that Mr. Rockefeller has provided more than 873,000,000 for education in this country, and as a result of efforts of the board in inducing others to make gifts, 3117,362,710 has been contributed to the cause of education in the United States. Frank P. Walsh, chairman of the United States commission on Industrial relations, told a New York audience a few days ago that one of the chief causes of unemployment throughout the United States was that more than half of the employing power of the country "was lodged with persons residing on Manhattan Island." He characterized the Rockefeller, Carnegie, Sage and Cleveland Foundations a possible menace to democratic institutions. COWBOYS OF 8PAIN Splendid Horsemen, out i ney use Spur* Without Mercy. The perfection of Spanish horsemanship Is to be seen among the vaqueros, ganaderos and garrochistas, by which various names the mounted herdsmen of the Andaluslan plains are known?In brief, what we should call a cowboy. Every farm seems to maintain a large number of these, for each herd, flock or drove has Its own herdsman, goatherd or swineherd, as the case may be. The vaqueros are a fine looking lot of men. Tall, thin, light and loosely made, they look Idea) horsemen, as, In point of fact, they are, though their mounts are poor. The vaquero rides very high on a huge saddle, -with a long stirrup and straight leg, using a single rein and a very heavy curb, but he has such beautiful hands that, although usln-r this barbarous bit, he never cuts his horse's mouth about. It is different with the animals' sides, however, for he uses his spurs without mercy, and the white horses of which there are a large number?all have ominous red stains behind their girths. All the herdsmen who look after cat tie carrying a long lance, called a garrocha, of thick and heavy wood, which, except when standing still, they always carry "In rest," and not "at the carry," presumably on account of lts? ( great length and possibly Its weight. With this weapon, In the use of which he acquires amazing dexterity, the garrochlsta is able to control the most unruly brutes in the herd, not excepting the savage flghtlng bull.?Wide World Magazine. 0