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K?1 sbmi.wbekl^^ l k grist s sons, Pubu.her., j % 4amiI8 $eicspagen: ^?r "><! Promotion of the political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interests of tft$ peojte. J ?J?" ) # _________________ ' SIPiULIfi C"? ij rlVE CENT8. ESTABLISHED 1855. YORKVILLE, 8. C., TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1912. NO. 91. I DEATH TRAP I I Experience of a Br | Human ' On the arrival of H. M. S. Leviathan at Colombo late in December, 1904, there was great rejoicing on the lower deck when 72 hours' general leave was piped, says the Wide World Magazine. The cruiser was fresh from the China Bauadron. and. as may be well imag ined, the crew were eager for a spell ashore. "Stumpy" Elsmore and his chum, William Muligan, promptly started ofT for a ramble into the country, while most of their messmates elected to stay in Colombo and renew their already intimate acquaintance with the taste of various refreshments. With a plentiful supply of "baccy" and food in their pockets "Stumpy" and his chum struck right away from civilization; through a region where a British blue-jacket had probably seldom penetrated before. They had a somewhat vague idea of tramping to Sir Thomas Upton's tea plantation, some forty miles distant. For two days the pair were perfectly contented with their gipsy existence, but the tea plantation seemed as far off as ever. Time was getting on, and at last, very reluctantly, they decided to turn back to the town In order that they might be In time to remove the very natural evidences of their jaunt ere they returned to the Leviathan. Now, however, a difficulty arose. Neither of the men was at all sure In exactly what direction Colombo lay. Both had theories, but the theories conflicted hopelessly. For about ten minutes they continued to argue and wrangle; then, like sensible fellows, thev decided to nut their theories to the only possible test. Each was to take his own way, and a wager of two shillings was to go to the man who was first to reach ship. As it was then about four o'clock in the afternoon and their leave expired at 7 on the following morning. It will be seen that there Vas not much time to spare. "Stumpy" Elsmore nodded to his chum and set off at a good round pace. He conjectured that he was about 25 miles from Colombo, and had no fear that the task would be too much for him. By 7 o'clock he had covered some eleven or twelve miles of his journey, and suddenly he found himself entering a fairly well-worn path and within sight of an extremely i pretty little hut which nestled among the trees. Without a single thought o i aUgtf?l oralis* ?r? tO the i door, Intending to obtain refreshment and rest. His knock was answered by an enormous mulatto or half-breed woman. Her skin was almost white, ' though her flat nose and slanting eyes > betrayed her Cingalese blood, and her muscular development was extraordi- i nary. She spoke English rather well, i hut. in snite of her annarpnt friendli- < ness, the sailor was not greatly at- 1 tracted toward her. However, a bad ' resting place is better than none, and ' "Stumpy" Elsmore responded readily < enough to the woman's civil invitation to step inside and partake of supper. 1 To this day he could not tell you of 1 what the meal consisted. 1 When he had finished the giantess < volunteered the information that Co- I . lombo was only a few miles farther on, 1 and that, as he could get a lift in the 1 train which passed within half a mile ' of the hut, he might Just as well sleep < in an upstairs room and leave in the morning in time to get to his ship. ' Darkness was now coming on, and, ouuicwuai against ins ucuci juugmnii, ? the sailor decided to stay. ' Now, the Leviathan had been on the i China station for some time, and, hav- 1 ing few opportunities of spending ! money, "Stumpy" had several months' < "compo" stowed away in the money 1 belt which every sailor wears. Search- 1 ing for small silver with which to pay J for his supper and bed, he very fool ishly allowed the woman a glimpse of 1 several gold coins he was carrying. 1 On seeing his store a startling change 1 came over the mulatto's face. Her 1 eyes glittered evilly and she took a 1 half step toward him before recollect- ' ing herself. Then, with a palpable ef- < fort, she resumed her courteous manner, and, lighting a tallow candle, mo- ' tioned her guest toward the staircase. 1 The house consisted of three rooms i only, one being the large living room on the first floor, the other two being evidently used for sleeping apart- 1 ments. The room into which the sailor i was conducted was very barely furnished and contained a large bed and a chair, with a few hooks on the walls on which to hang clothes. With a somewhat sinister smile the woman wished him "good night" and retired to the room below. Feeling vaguely uncomfortable, the sailor closed the door and started to explore his bedroom. The first thing he noticed was that, although there had been originally two bolts to the door, one at the top and one at the bottom, both had apparently been recently removed. Having made this cheerful discovery he took the candle and proceeded to look under the bed. At first, so poor was the light, he could see nothing. Then, without the slightest warning, he received the fright of his life, his hand came into contact with a man's face! For a moment he turned, cold with fear, Dui wun an enori or win, nm courage returned, and he braced himself to investigate farther. Placing the candle upon the floor he peered beneath the bed. The sight which now met his gaze was sufficiently unnerving, for stretched upon the floor was the nude body of a native, with a knife buried to the hilt in his side! To say that "Stumpy" was sick with fear is nothing less than the truth. His first impulse was to make a dash for freedom, but he could hear his gigantic hostess moving about below, and to leave the house he would have had to pass through the living room. In a hand-to-hand tussle he realized he would be a mere child in her grasp. His second impulse was to examine the window to see if escape was possible that way. He found it of the usual lattice work type, but the lattice had N THE HILLS. I * itish Seaman With f Tigress. | WM<KX<VM<VM<KM<H been so strongly screwed to the frame I that there was no hope In that direction. He was caught In a death trap and for a few moments his courage left him. As his nickname denoted, he was a man of smallish size and he knew that the human tigress below could strangle him with on? of her huge hands. Scarcely realizing what he was doing, he began to drag the corpse from beneath the bed. To remove the knife from the wound was a work of some difficulty and considerable repugnance, but once accomplished he felt that he was at least better equipped when the time came for action. His next operation was to place the body as naturally as possible within the bed, and when this had been managed to his satisfaction he paused to consider his next course. Tiptoeing to the top of the staircase he listened Intently. The mulatto was still moving about below, and he was turning doubtfully back to his bedroom when the door of the second room on the landing caught his eye. To creep into the other room was but the work of a second. He had no light with him, but by this time the moon was bright, and he had no difficulty in seeing within. He found the contents much the same as the other, with the exception that the bed had an occupant. The woman had told him that she had no husband, and that she lived alone. Who, then, was the sleeping man? The sailor held his breath and listened. The room was unnaturally quiet; there was no sound of breathing. Cautiously "Stumpy" crept toward the bed. One glance at the occupant was sufficient. As he had more than half suspected, the man was dead ?stabbed to the heart?having obviously been murdered in a similar manner to the first Horrified by this fresh discovery, the sailor passed into his own room, and still holding the knife, crept under the bed, after blowing out the candle. About an hour passed, and "Stumpy," in spite of his terror, sank into a half-doze, but was brought sharply back to his senses by a creaking on the stairs. In a moment he was on the alert, with every nerve quivering. Some one was creeping along the passage! Peering cautiously from beneath the bed, he saw the door slowly open and hie amiable hostess appeared, with a ghaatly smile upon 4ms lips, looking Intently toward the bed. Suddenly, without the slightest warning, she made a rush across the room. In her right hand she held a long knife, Bimllar to the weapon the sailor had wrenched from the body of the dead native. The dull thud of many blows reached the trembling Elsmore as he cowered beneath the bed, telling him with horrid plainness the fate which would have befallen him had he been lying there in lieu of the already murman Then came a pause; the giantess was evidently bending over her victim, possibly in the endeavor to pull the knife from the body. Seized with a sudJen frenzy of panic, Elsmore wriggled from his hiding place, and, leaping to his feet, tore across the room toward the landing. How he sprang down the stairs, through the living room and out pf the house he never knew, for to this 3ay the adventure is a ghastly nightmare to him. Once in the open air he fled down the track like one possessed. He could hear the mulatto screaming curses ?s she dashed along close behind him in hot pursuit. For a time he gave himself up for lost, and, in imagination, he ' :ould feel the murderous knife between his shoulders. Gradually, however, the heavy build of the mulatto told, and 3he dropped behind. Presently the pursuit slackened, but so long as he could hear the screaming of curses and Imprecations, partly in English and partly in Cingalese, "Stumpy" kept up the killing pace. Intense fear had given him unusual fleetness and presently the human tigress behind gave up the ?hase. The sky now began to clear before the dawn, but still Elsmore ran on, his one idea being to place as many miles as possible between himself and that terrible house. Suddenly the sun appeared above the horizon and it was day. The sailor looked around him, and, taking his bearings, found, to his relief, that he was only about a couple of miles from Colombo. Just then a native wagoner came in sight and Els more bargained for a lift reaching the landing stage in good time to catch the 7 o'clock boat back to the Leviathan. Once aboard, with his name ticked off, he made his way aft and asked to see the commander. To him he related the story of his night's adventure. The commander was at first incredulous, but finally he took the seaman with him and went ashore to communicate with the police. With all possible dispatch an armed party set out and from "Stumpy's" description had no difficulty in locating the cottage. But the bird had flown! On every side the police found traces of a hurried packing and a still more hurried flight. No signs of the murderous mulatto woman, however, could be found, nor has she been traced to this day. Some little distance from the cottage II1CT puiiv;c U19LUVCI VU CL ?^?i, ? IIIV II VII investigation was found to contain the bodies of nine men, two of them being white, evidently merchant seamen, the others being natives. All had been stabbed to death in the same manner by their ghoulish hostess, who rightly imagined that their disappearance would never be associated with the little house which nestled so peacefully among the hills. Five of the natives were afterward identified as laborers working in Colombo, and who had recently disappeared from their customary haunts. The others were nefer traced, and it is probable that the two sailors had been logged as deserters from their respective ships, and no further trouble taken to search for them. Since that time Elsmore has had many adventures up the rivers of South America and among the South Sea Islands, but he is never likely to forget the terrible night he spent among the hills of Ceylon. STORY OF THE TURKS An Empire that Has Long Been Used to War. A history of the rise and fall of the Turkish empire {? a recital of a series of conflicts, both internal and external, which, because of their bitterness and frequency, are unique in the history of | the world. A large share of the trouble has been due to an incompatible and cosmopolitan population, the component parts of which have had but scant religious tolerance for one another. Appearing first in history at the beginning of the thirteenth century, the Ottoman Turks extended their empire by successful conquests until it reached from the frontier of Germany to the frontier of Persia. In 1227 a small band of them, having been driven from their Central Asian homes by the Mongol invasion, had secured a concession of land from the sultan of Konia and had settled down with Ertoghrul as their leader. They early showed great military prowess, and as the tribe grew new territory was continually added. Advantage was taken of the weakening Greeks and many lands were wrested from them. The middle of the fourteenth century saw an allied army of Serbs, Hungarians, Walachians and Moldavians deKxt "KMuroA T r\f tho Tlirlffl iVU IVVI UJ M1UIHU IVUUVi v? mv A uanvi with an army but one-sixth as large as his adversaries. Soon after Servia was forced to pay a tribute of money and troops. Meanwhile other new provinces were added to the empire through advantageous marriages. In 1402 the growing empire received its first setback when its army met with a crushing defeat at Angora. Twenty years were consumed in regaining lost territory and the steady advance was resumed. The reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, 1520-1566, marked the zenith of the Ottoman power. After him no leader acceded to the throne who was stronge enough to subdue rebellion in the provinces and soon outside powers became involved. In 1769 Russia made a successful invasion while the Turks were iiauiperea uy uisui i eeuuua 111 Morea, Syria and Egypt. A treaty was signed in 1774, disadvantageous to the Ottoman empire but better than further disaster. The occupation of Egypt by Bonaparte resulted in a war with Prance in 1798. And meanwhile the greatest internal disorder and turmoil prevailed in almost every Ottoman province. The oppression by local governors impoverished the people and caused them to revolt. The national treasury was der pleted and there was every sign of rapidly approaching disintegration. The war for freedom waged by the Greeks was followed by another conflict with Russia, which again proved the wonderful resisting power of the Turks. In 1830 Greek independence was established. Abdul-Mejld, who ruled from 18391861, Instituted a drastic reform establishing the equality of all his subjects and insuring them fairer treatment than they had been receiving from the local governors by centralizing the government. There was reorganization not only in the admlnis irauon dui aiso in me army, ocnuois and courts of justice were established and regular relations with foreign powers were entered into. These reforms put the empire on its feet once more. Russia watched the rebuilding of the Ottoman empire uneasily, and finally took religion as a cause for a quarrel. The Crimean war resulted. Because of the threatened intervention of Austria, Emperor Alexander II, was forced to sign the treaty of Paris in 1858. This put the Ottoman empire on an equal footing with other European nations? and it went bankrupt almost at once. In 1877 Russia declared war again, and when the treaty of San Stefano was signed one year later Turkey was forced to recognize the independence of Rumania, Servia and Montenegro, to pay a war indemnity and make other important concessions. The three following decades were marked with troubles in Egypt, Armenia, Greece, Arabia and Macedonia. Statewide massacres were of frequent occurrence. But In 1908 the Young Turks began to make their Influence felt. A revolution was brought about by the Young Turks almost without bloodshed. They raised the standard of revolt on July 22, 1908, and two days later the sultan yielded to their demands. The constitution of 1876 was restored, a chamber of deputies was elected, the spy system and censorship were abolished and other reforms brought about. After the first fervor of enthusiasm had subsided the Young Turks found themselves confronted with many of the old difficulties In the governing of me empire. LXJcai aisiuroances xinauy resulted in the desposition of AbdulHamid II. in 1909. He was succeeded by his younger brother, Mahommed Reshad Effendi, with the style of Mahommed V. But still the trouble continued and at last brought about the present war. The Balkan allies assert that Turkey has not lived up to the provisions of the treaty of Berlin, signed in 1878, by which the Ottoman empire was forced to recognize the independence of Montenegro, Servia and Rumania. The Balkan states maintain that they have been continually oppressed by their old enemy. Learning Two Things?A native of Germany, resident in this city, has learned enough of the American language to make his meaning plain, though grammatically some of his sentences are odd. But he is willing to learn, and enjoys his twisting of the words as much as his hearers when his slips are explained to him, says the Indianapolis News. He has a friend with whom he often dines. The other evening the man from the fatherland surprised his host by asking for a helping of a dish which his host knew he did not used to care for. "Why, Herr Blank," exclaimed the host, "I did not know you could eat that." "I used to couldn't, but I am learning to can," said the guest. pisccltoncous $radtaj). SOUTH COMES TO HER OWN Intelligent Appreciation of Wilson's Remarkable Victory. Vnrreftpondence The Yorkvlll# Knqulrer New York, November 6.?It waa a gTeat privilege to be a southerner in New York last night. We had the great pleasure of seeing state after state line up for an old fashioned southern man?for that 18 Just wnatl Woodrow Wilson Is. I have had to hear so much that the south is "a hundred years behind the times"? "doesn't know the war is over" etc; that I never even realiezd myself what a warm feeling around my heart It would give me when I saw the two great exponents of the American "progress" go down so ignominlously before the man who got his conservatism from South Carolina, his educational foundation at Davidson, his wife in Georgia, who educated his daughters in Raleigh, who says "Yes ma'am" to women and has rice every day for his dinner. We hear a great deal Up her? too about the southern "prejudices," and if Woodrow Wilson had ever compromised one lota of his "prejudices" we wouldn't be calling him the next president True his opponents admit he was elected by such a large plurality because the people are tired of "bluff" and "hot air." "Kerve" Is not so popular, and while they all advire courage, they don't trust bluster. Woodrow Wilson Is our president because he Is just like us. He Is no hero of San Juan Hill?and Armageddon, nor Is he cut off from us by a gTeat panoply of wealth and the atmosphere that surrounds It He is just like our next door neighbor, and his whole career has been such as to make people turn to him In confidence when they feel that a critical time is ahead. In his last speech In Madison Square Garden Friday night, he summed up as his whole philosophy "I had rather lose in a noble cause, than win in an unworthy one." While 25,000 people of every state In the Union, and almost every nationality under the sun were wildly applauding, I knew, though I am not much up on philosophy, that he had summed up not only the philosophy but the history of the south, 1 heard a man give his reason for voting for Wilson. He had never before vot^ ed for a Democratic candidate. said that he feared that with the open* lng of the Panama canal we wquld have difficulties with .fapan. "Roosevelt is equal to precipitating ? war for the glory of {t; Tqft would let Japsq walk all over us and never see it; Wjison wouldn't declare war unti| it was absolutely necessary, and when it was?well, Wilson don't cpme front # part of the country where people run from a fight." We have good reason to rejoice with Woodrow Wilson becaqse we helped so much with our votes, When at atxiii! 8 o'clock the bulletin went up, ''Maine, Massachusetts, Maryland, New York, Kentucky go for Wjison, this with the solid south?will give him a plurality," some man in the crowd yelled 'Thank Qod for the 'solid south.1" With a campaign manager froqi Arkansas, and an almost entirely south em campaign committee, tne advantage of eleven states sure to begin with, I have no doubt, Mr. Wilson paid his full compliments to the solid south, and I am sure I did. I saw a little line editorial In an evening paper today, "School teachers all over the country, are looking up" and I wondered how I happened to forget that Lee left the schoolroom at West Point, Jackson left the schoolroom at Charlottsvllle, and?to come straight home?Mlcah Jenkins and Col, Coward left schoolrooms in Yorkvllle to set the world a new standard of heroes. We have been very fortunate in our school teachers. Well, the election Is all over now, and without a doubt the best man has won, and strange to say, won on his merits. It Is a healthy sign that such a staggering blow should have been dealt the two New York Idols "bluff" and the "Almighty Dollar." One significant thing Wilson said was "In my vocabulary the words 'rich' and 'poor' have no connection with money." I Deueve mai we are geiung uaca u> sanity once more and the nation Is beginning to realize that It owes an immeasurable debt to the "prejudiced," "unprogresslve," "charming but so slow," solid south. Fannie Parish. KING FERDINAND'S TACT Bismarck's Tribute to the "Coburger" ?A Promising Interview. About the time of the 80th birthday of Prince Bismarck I often had the good fortune to sit at his table, and, Indeed, I was often the only guest besides Professor von Lenbach, who actually lived at Friedrich8ruhe, One day, Just as we were about to rise from the table, a deputation was announced consisting of two Bulgarian ministers, who wished to pay their respects. "Remarkable, very remarkable," said the prince, "how those people have developed. Once you heard nothing but jokes, about 'sheep stealers.' " That last expression must have been overheard by the ministers, two distinguished and smart-looking men. as they entered the next room, says a writer in the Cologne Gazette. Bismarck received them with that captivating, almost fascinating, cordiality of his, which must have produced a profound effect on them, for after accepting an invitation for the evening or for noon next day they retired with beaming faces. As Count Herbert, his father-in-law, Professor von Lenbach and myself were sitting with the prince over our coffee, he with astonishing frankness expressed his undisguised admiration of the remarkable skill shown by Prince Ferdinand in overcomine the difficulties of his nositlon. which at first seemed to be insurmountable. In reply to my question: "Then you have a high opinion of the prince's talents as a statesman?" he said almost in the tone of a man admiring a great picture: "Yes, yes, the Coburger is a very sharp young man." Some years later I was calling upon Professor von Lenback in his Munich home when I met on the steps an aristocratic-looking man. "Do you kpow who that was?" asked Denbach, "that is the Coburger whonf Bismarck discussed with you. You ought not to let the opportunity slip of visiting him at f Castle Blederstein. If you like I will manage It for you with pleasure." Two days later Prince Ferdinand received me with great cordiality in that little castle where In years gone by he had frequently been a guest of his Munich relations. He talked, not, indeed, with that almost bourgeois frankness that he used toward Bismarck," but in a particularly charming manner. He went on for nearly an hour and a half, and listening to "him with ears wide nnen I saw already In imagination the interesting political articles which might be written for the Cologne Gazette on the career of the Bulgarian ruler. But as I rose to go, my hopes were all dashed to the ground by the words, "I need hardly tell you that you must not impart to others or publish any of my views." If I could say nothi .g of our interview then all my time was utterly wasted and Lenbach and I had run our heads against a stone wall. 1 ' ? i REPORT OP THI QINNRRS Cotton Available For Market Total* I 8^49398 Bales. 1 Washington, November 8.?The fourth cotton ginning report of the , season, compiled irom repurm ui tensua bureau correspondents and agents throughout the cotton belt and Issued at 10 a. m. today by Director E. Dana Durand, announced that 8,849,989 bales of the growth of 1918 had been ginned prior to November 1, To that date last year 9,970,905 bales, or 64.1 per cent of the entire crop, had been ginned; In 1908 to that date 8,191,557 bales or 62.6 per cent of the crop had been ginned, and In i.909 to that date 6,906,395 bales, or 53.2 per cent of the crop h^d been ginned. Included In the total glnnings were 55,811 round bales, compared with 68,313 bales last year, 81,183 bales In 1910, 109,621 bales In 1909 and 149,866 bales in 1908. The number of sea Island cotton bales included was ZB,t?t>t>, compared < with 56,563 bales last year, 55,237 bales In 1909 and 45,479 bales In 1908. Ginnings prior to November 1, by states, with comparisons for last year and other big crop years and the percentage of the entire crop ginned prior to that In those years, follow: Alabama. Ginninga Per cent. 1912 .... 809,731 1911 1,088,737 64-2 1908 891,667 $6.9 1906 ..... ..... 67$,74? M-8 Arkfntfg. 1912 439,012 i9i| 444.401 VM 190$ 63$.7SB $3:0 190$ 306.762 34.3 Flqridg. 1912 34,852 .... 1911 56,070 59.4 1908 43,234 61.2 1906 34,707 56.5 Gaorgia. 1912 1,110,915 .... i?i4 ' i on? 784 11.1 , 19Q8 ..... ...1,387,641 7Q-8 m8 1,083,718 AM Lquitiana, 1918 261,685 191 1 833.245 61.0 1908 387,885 61.7 1906 441.757 64.3 MlMiMlppl. 1912 511,553 .... 1911 584,199 60.0 1908 893,148 55-1 1906 591.264 39.9 North Carolina.* 1913 495.791 .... 1 911 597,940 53.1 I a UK ..... ..... 3<0,(10 01.1 i 1908 811.448 61.0 j Oklahoma. 1912 698,388 .... 5 1911 654.938 64.6 1908 217.689 31.6 1906 341,808 39.2 South Carolina. 1912 732,408 .... 1911 1,022,814 60.4 1908 821,808 67.8 1908 649.867 60.3 Tenneaa??. 1912 118,489 1911 211,128 49.1 1908 198,783 69.5 1906 92,918 31.7 Texaa. 1912 3.699,124 1911 3,211,762 78.2 1908 2,602,862 - 69.0 1906 2.535,551 64.1 Other Statea. * 1912 43.274 58,302 42.0 1908 36,602 50.0 1906 19,870 * 29.1 The ginnings of the aea island cotton prior to November 1 by states follow i Fla. Ga. S. C. 191 2 11.085 16,246 1,344 1911 21,038 33,841 1,684 1909 ... . 19.740 31,277 4,220 1908 19,064 21,802 4,613 FUTURE OF THE PARTIES Looks Very Much as if Republican Organization May Disappear. Commenting n the general result of the recent election, Joseph Davles, western manager of the Wilson campaign, said.: "We have built our Democratic factory and installed our Democratic ma chinery," he said. "Our platform contains our advertising. There lies ahead 1 of us the task of turning out the pros- t perity which our factory is built for. J Today we have the Joy of victory. To- J morrow and in the future we shall have the responsibility of carrying out our 1 campaign pledges in a way that will J not interrupt the general prosperity, r hut will cause it to spread a little farther down. "It is clear to us that the Demo- * cratic party has now a new chief op- 8 ponent in Roosevelt's party. As to the 8 Republican party: 'The king is dead: 8 long live the king.' "I think I express Democratic opln- 8 ion when I say we will be content that 0 Roosevelt's party shall continue to be 8 the party of ultimate radicalism, if we ' may be the party of conservative pro- 8 gresslveness. Our concern shall be 1 that we do not drop back to the stand- J patism that wrecked the Republican ? party. J "I am concerned to know what will r become of the Republican party? 8 whether it will be absorbed by Roose- c velt or split up generally into parts which will work into all the parties. % "If disappointed persons do not now 1 shape national affairs between this c date and the date of Mr. Wilson's tnr ? auguration as president so that t"he 'f party must devote most of its term to ' correcting the harm, as has been the r case before, there will be little time v lost by the Democrats in justifying the 8 people's Judgment." e Evening Matters Up.?At an evening party which had kept up quite late a c gentleman was asked to sing. Very c thoughtfully he said he was willing, but t as it was so late it might disturb the s neighbors next door. s "Qh, never mind the neighbors!'* i cried the young lady of the house. "It r will serve them just right, They poi- r soned our dog last week."?Ladies' \ Home Journal. t PREDICTED WILSON'S 8UCCESS Col. Kohn's Remark* in Introducing Governor to State Pre**. Many Columbians and other South Carolinians have had the pleasure of meeting President-elect Wood row Wilson and many of them know him personally, writes the Columbia correspondent of the News and Courier. One matter which is of Interest In connection with the election of Governor Wilson to the presidency is the movement to ha vd Pnlnmhlo act "Wintn* On ital" where President Wilson will spend his' winter vacations. Augusta,' Ga., got much prominence out of It being the winter home of President Taft and now Columbia is looking forward to being the winter home of President Wilson. President-elect Wilson spent his boyhood in Columbia and has many kinpeople here, and his making his winter home here would be both appropriate and natural. Governor Wilson, when here In June, 1911, as the guest of the South Carolina Press association, renewed hl| acquaintances In South Carolina's capital city and his boyhood home. On that occasion, Governor Wilson was referred to by Col. August Kohn, manager of the Columbia bureau of the News and Courier and then president of the Press association, as the hope of Democracy, and said In Introducing him in the opera house: "It may not be our pleasure to hear Dr. Wilson again until he is elected president," an illustration of the wonderful foresight and political vision of Mr. Kohn, who made a memorable address In the opera house, and In presenting 3overnor Wilson to the great audience Mr. Kohn then said: ii m a ?uuri:e 01 very great pleasure for me, as the retiring president of the South Carolina Press association, to greet this vast audience of fellow citizens. It is my privilege to extend i few words of greetings to our distinguished orator for the evening, and to issure him of the real delight It gives us all to have him here. I am scheduled to introduce him, and in doing so [ am certainly going to avoid making i speech?even If I could do so. Realy, need I say more than that I have the honor of presenting to the members it the South Carolina Press association and their friends Dr. Woodrow Wilson, the orator of the evening? "Those of you who have been keepng pace with recent events realize that we have In Dr. Wilson the highest type it American citizenship, a man who is loing things, a governor who has been elected by an educated and critical constituency and in protest of "boasIsm" and who is appreciated as the ipokesman and friend of the masses. Dr. Wilson's independence of thought ind action, hia remarkable success in leaUn? with men and situations, hla ixceptiopal versatility on the stump ind lila rare ability have made of him i real jiving hope?the Democratic hope. "In yonder box aits his distinguished lunt?Mrs, James Woodrow?and the Tiere mention of that name Indicates low closely Dr. Wilson is identified with this community. For four years lis revered father lived and labored in his then small community and there ire many here tonight who loved and lonored hla father and mother, the staler of oyr dear old Dr. James Wood^ ow. Our orator who writes Greek as well as shorthand, learned neither here iut it was in Columbia that he got nost of his Sunday-school training, so I'm' told: learned most of what he mows of baseball, and, more than all, jrgsped the significance of making and etainjng real friendships. AH of this lad better be recorded before Mr. Wlllon's early life la "mythed" over in tforth Carolina. "It may not be our pleasure to hear [>r, Wilson speak again until he is ilected president, because no missloniry work is needed here, but he has jromlsed that If elected, Columbia, the lome of his boyhood, wlill be made hia winter residence, and that a winter laaeball park may supplant the golf ink* of Augusta for outdoor recrea:ion, "I have the honor of presenting to rou Dr. Woodrow Wilson." GREEKS CAPTURE 8ALONIKA rurkith 8tronghold Falls After Hard Fighting. After several days of fierce fighting :he Greek army commanded by Crown Prince Constantine occupied the Turksh stronghold of Salonika last Friday it noon. The approach of the Greeks ifter the city could hold out no longer vas marked by a terrible massacre of he Christian population. The Greeks mprisoned all of the Turkish officials, ind it was stated that 27,000 Turkish soldiers fell into their hands as pris>ners of war. There was great rejolcng in Athens upon receipt of the news md services were held in all the :hurches. The city of Salonika is thus describid by a writer in the last issue of the Christian Herald: "It was a beautiful day in February :hat we last entered the harbor of 5a!ontca. the city whose name even las been less changed with the lapse >f the centuries than have most of the :itles of Macedonia. "We had Just steamed by glorious Mount Olympus, the most famous nountain of all antiquity, that rises en thousand feet sheer from the blue vaters of the Aegean. "There it stands today, majestic in ts isolation, cloud-capped and myste ious as ever. One cannot wonder that t was peopled with divinities, demons ind spirits of all kinds, good and bad, )y the simple folk of the eider time. "Even before passing the mighty >ulk of Olympus, the city of Salonica ippears imposing in the distance with ts glistening white houses and minirets. "We approached slowly and carefuly, because the harbor had been mined >y the Turkish authorities to prevent he entrance of Italian gunboats. A ittle pilot steamer came from behind a leadland five mites from the city to ead the way, and at the slowest poslible sneed we annroached the beauti ill metropolis. "As we land at the busy quay we ind all the bustle and confusion of a :reat seaport. We were so fortunate is to find a frlend^patiently waiting in i small boat with" his much-be-deckd and be-pistoled kavass, who reieved us of all trouble in landing and it the custom house. We went with lur missionary friend through the itreet that skirts the water-front and hat leads to his industrial farm school ome five miles out of the city. Throueh he center of the street runs a track of he electric car system of Salonica, and he whizzing 'broom-stick trains' dart tack and forth at a rate which would lave frightened the leisurely camels ind donkeys and their riders of the anient days. "Close up to the sea wall, which pre? rents the waters of the bay from inindating the city, lie the black hqlks if the modern steamers which call eviny great ' harbor in the world their lome port. On the shore side of this ine street are large hotels, great busltess warehouses and office buildings, vhile further on it is lined on both ides with beautiful residences of modrn Salonicans." The Danger of Lying in Bed,?Lack ?f muscular exercise is the first result if lying In bed. As a result the appeite is weakened, the digestive action ilows down and the muscles of the itomach and abdomen cease to act ipon the intestinal mass, says Har>er's Weekly. When the body is In a ecumbent position the heart works j vlth the least expenditure of effort and . he least fatigue, and the circulation and the functional activity are decreased. But unless the subject is exceptionally vigorous all the benefits are counterbalanced by dangers. In bed, the subject is shut away from fresh air and sunlight The result of that deprivation Is a condition similar to anemia. But the supreme menace to the weak or the aged confined to bed Is the clogging of the pulmonary circulation, an nntlnn whl/>h fronnantl.F rami*- I ? passive congestion of both sides of the lungs. For this reason the simple fracture of a bone may be the cause of death, because when the patient lies In bed there is no movement of the muscles to act as an incentive to deep breathing. ARTERIE3 AND OLD AGE Old Beliefs Exploded by Modem Men of Science. "Doctor," said a patient the other day, "I am 66 years old, sleep eight hours in 24, never eat more ihan two meals a day, nor a crumb after 6 o'clock at night I can walk up hill and down dale, think clearly, change my mind and do a husky day's work." "You are not 66 years old," I said. "You are in the heyday of your youth." Yet when I felt the pulse of that man I found his arteries hard and equal to seventy winters of hunger and cold, says a physlcan Interviewed by the New York American. Doctor Osier, that coiner of medical phrases, popularized the old saw, "A man is as old as his arteries." Thus he crystalized the medical observation that after youth and middle are the blood vessels that stand out like whipcords on your forehead and temple, and which are rolled under your doctor's finger as he feels your pulse (called arteries) grow hard and brittle. It was the conclusion of Mr. Osier and his contemporaries before they became Oslerized that the loss of softness and rubber-like elasticity In the arteries meant the decline of youth. Hardened arteries are the harbingers of age, say these doctors. The younger school of scientists know better. They are not deceived by the oo-tncidence of stiff arteries and premature age, neither are they fooled by the spaghetti-like compressibility and softness of arteries seventy years old. In a word, It has been proved that the brlttleness or mushiness of your arteries has no more to do with your prospects of youth and age, health and illness, life and death, than ha? a burst water pipe with the comfort of your bathroom. It mflv so hannen that a fpnean ntnp In February will throw your bathroom into disorder or out of commission for a time. It may so occur as a coincidence. There may or may not be a , close connection between that pipe and , your bathroorq. Nevertheless the matter will be adjusted and your house- , hold will soon go on its way rejolc- j in*. Similarly, the arteries are the water-" ways and pipes of your body. They feed fresh liquids to your vital organs and carry away the refuse drainage. To really age you they must be more than hard. To shorten your life they must be irreparably clogged up, broken and shut off, and many pipes of the system, or a very vital one must be broken. It requires other things then brittle arteries to show a man ancient As long as a man is critical, able to draw up original judgments, capable of changing his mind, his arteries may be ever so hard, and not even an Osier dare say he is aging. On the other hand, not qven an Osier can save him with arteries as impressionable as wax if he agrees to everything he hears; if he votes somebody else's opinion; if he follows a ward boss or a political party all his life, without one idea or judgment of his own. Scientists are correct when they say some people are born old, some acquire senility very quickly and others have age thrust upon them by getting into ruts. The arteries often get blamed for the coincidence of premature age. Prof. Elie Metchnikoflf of the Pasteur Institute of Paris, has Just discovered that old age really comes from poisons formed In the stomach and intestines from overeating, lack of fresh air, want of exercise and the need of oxygen to 'kill the food poisons that are constantly entering the system. A few years ago Professor Metch- 1 nlkoff wrote a book about "Old Age and How to Prevent It by Drinking Buttermilk and Sour Milk." He bad noticed that the peasants who lived to a great old age in Bulgaria practically made their diet one of milk that had ! turned sour. He soon discovered that a particular microbe?since called by him the Bulgarlcus bacillus?was always present in Bulgarian soured milk, and this was not found anywhere else. In his book and lectures he advised less meat and starchy foods and the drinking of milk into which the Bulgarlcus germ was planted. Now comes the newest discovery of all. Professor Metchnikoff first throws down the gauntlet to the "A man is as old as his arteries" fallacy, then he an he has discovered another microbe, destined, thinks the savant, to double the span of man's life. Uncanny as the source of this germ was?the parent germs were captured in a dog's stomach and Intestines?the microbe itself has now increased and multiplied In such quantities that the French professor has dispatched unlimited quantities to all parts of the world. These germs according to Professor Metchnlkoff, have the remarkable faculty, when once introduced Into the intestines of man. of gobbling up those poisonous bodie??called by the fearful names skatol lndol and phenol ?which are now believed to cause old age, Dr. Metchnlkoff maintains that he hlmaelf may be a bit too old already to prove his discovery sound, but his younger assistants and all the middleaged men who are drinking large numbers of this dog germ are already exhibiting the exhilaration and brilliancy of youth. A Hors? 41 Years Old.?How long can a horse live? B. T. Blgelow, of Fairfield, Me., has an ancient family steed that has passed her 41st birthday, and she is still plump, full of spirit and a willing worker. Her teeth, judged by the usual signs do not show her to be over about 13. It Is claimed that she is the oldest horse In the country.?Pathfinder. i CZAR OF THE BALKAN8. Something About tho Man Who Has Mad# Bulgaria. It seems quite possible that when Ferdinand of Bulgaria ceases his activities in the Held as commander-inchief of the allied Balkan forces he will by common consent, become the actual, if not the titular, sovereign of a wider demesne than his present kingdom, of three-fourths of Pennsylvania's slse, in the northeastern part or T3o ll.n - ---I 1- ? -- ?..? uoiiuui KcuiiiBuiti un uie ciacK Sea. The "superman of the Balkans," as he has been called, might have been content to remain Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha and to shine by dimly reflected glory as the maternal grandson of King Louis Philippe. But the young lieutenant In the Austrian army?at the age of 26?eagerly accepted the election at the hands of the Orand Sobranje to the sovereignty of Bulgaria on July 7, 1887. Russia had proposed a candidate in the person of the Prince of Mlngrella, and Bulgaria had actually offered the crown to Prlnc# Valdemar, of Denmark, brother-in-law of the czar, but Bulgaria repudiated the Russian candidate, and Valdemar declined the honor, and Prince Ferdinand upon his accession on August 14 faced Russian hostility which declared him a usurper, while the other Powers, taking their cue from St Petersburg, declined to recognize him. Anarchists were as active at home as the enemies of the principality were busy abroad. Under the strong nana or Btamboloff the domestic opposition was kept under, and friendly relations with.Turkey and Roumanla were cultivated, while foreign loans were negotiated on favorable terms. But Stamboloffs success made him over-bearing, inevitably then was created a dissension between the prime minister and the sovereign, and a year after Stamboloff resigned, on July 15, 1895, he was assasinated on the streets of Sofia as the result of a plot of his numerous enemies. The result of Ferdinand's desperate attempt to cultivate the good will of Russia was seen at last in the consent of the Powers to his nomination by the sultan as prince of Bulgaria and governor general of eastern Rumella, on March 14, 1895. Ferdinand had long sought an excuse for declaring Bulgaria independent, regarding with Jealous eye the niltnnnmv r\t TT1? n-nnl- * V? wvt *m, ma 1X3sented the payment of tribute to Turkey. On the 12th of September, 1M8, Tewflk Pasha, the Ottoman mlnlater of foreign affairs, gave a dinner to the diplomatic corps at Constantinople, and ? purposely overlooked In the list of invitations M. Geahoff, the Bulgarian agent That gave Ferdinand the excuse he wanted. Qeshoff was recalled. Within two weeks there was a strike on railways in eastern Rumella owned by Turkey. Turkish soldiers were permitted to trftYfi during the strike; Bulgarian troops were not This added fuel to the flames of Bulgarian re- c sentment Prince Ferdinand defied European opinion and seized the railways. The sequel of this action was his proclamation, on October 5, that Bulgaria was an independent kingdom ?Ferdinand himself reading the Bulgarian declaration of Independence in the historic Church of the Forty Martyrs at Trnovo, ancient capital of the so-styled czars of Bulgaria. This bold, high-handed action was characteristic of the man who now* pitted against the Triple Alliance, refuses to let his country and the Balkan coalition be robbed of the Cratta of victory. Ferdinand has made his country as* truly aa Diaz made Mexico. So crude,, almost barbaric, was his environment, when he first came to Sofia that, as ue frankly confessed, after the luxury and culture of the Austrian court. It seemed "a hell" to him. A thorough democrat In his own character toward foreigners, . he set to work to create an aristocracy, in order to have a court that would command the respect ofhia own people and that of the European Powers. In Bulgaria he Is the czar* autocratic, absolute. He Is almost aa distinctly impersonal aa the emperor of Japan. His reign is one of pomp and circumstance; he delights In the elab- . orate mummery of ceremonial. He is like a king in an Elizabethan drama; he dresses and acts the part, and the stage management Is consummate. Out of his own land he unbends and is cordial and gracious. He loves to travel and to converse with many men of diverse minds in every field of science, of art and culture. He deeply, cares for books and pictures; he delights in the molded and eloquent periods of the orator; he Is himself a speaker of dls tlnctlon. He knows how to effect the lightning transition from the man of action to the sedentary scholar. Noth? ing pleases him better than to put on a. coarse blouse and take the fireman's place on a French locomotive. He haa a miniature railroad layout in his palace in Sofia and plays with it like a child in the nursery. On the walls are pictures that he has painted, birds that he has shot, the books he loves to read, militarist in him is every readv to sound the call of boots and saddles. He delights in surprising the garrison by an incursion at dawn into the barracks, with commands that they must Instantly obey, like firemen who spring to their posts at the alarm. He la bound to make calvarymen out of thosef whose weakest point is equitation, and to this end he haa brought in a special breed of horses from a Hungarian estate. Such is the man who, after passing the half-century mark, aspires to rule lot one nation but a coalition?to be the soul of an empire, having created l nation. It is his triumph that he took i country village, peopled with peastnts and uncouth, half-clvlllzed folk, ind made of it a brilliant capital; that 10 llft<vri tho />nraa nf IcmnrnnrA nnii iqualor; that he established a landed rentry and enabled his country also to joast Its plutocrats. Witty, lntellectuil, magnetic, politically unscrupulous ind diplomatlcaly immoral, Ferdinand s the salient figure In the Balkan crllis, and it Is certain that there will bo io peace pact concluded with the Ot:oman empire that does not leave Bulgaria's czar in a position of command . vhlch the intrepedity of Bulgaria'* nagnlflcent army has won for him igalnst the hated Turk.?Philadelphia ledger* 'If It takes a mighty little shove to lend some men down hMl