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GOV. HEYW LA SI ^ Governor Advis< % sembiy on Matt< DISPENSARY SI DISCUSS! Matter of Tax Equalizati ) Sensible Suggestions a, Importance of ImmifiratJ ? ? ? ? a ? h Governor neywaru s iasi umv?i ? message to the general assembly was at read in the house and senate last al Tuesday. It was as follows: oi To the Honorable the Gentlemen-of n< the General Assembly: w At the beginning of another year a with Its numerous duties, you are d< again convened in annual session and hi are at once confronted, as lawmakers, in with the highest duties and respon- ol sibllltles of citizenship. In this, the si last official message which I shall In have the honor of transmitting to you gi as governor of South Carolina, I shall, ai In accordance with the requirements.! tl of our laws, submit to you such im- b< portant details as require your con8Id- h< eratlon. Knowing that details and re- 01 suits will more immediately concern a al new state administration. I have been pi as brief as possible, and have refrained from making any recommen- b< dations other than were actually re- of quired. While the duties of my office fv have been arduous always, and many ai difficulties have been encountered, I lo have ever been deeply conscious of cf the honors which the people of my m state have conferred upon me?honors cs for whfch I can never, in mere words, ni fef express my heartfelt gratitude and fli T appreciation. la Assessment of Property. fa The equalization of the assessment of *>< property is a matter of vital important concern to every taxpayer in the "i state. The report of the comptroller st general will show that this Important in matter is far from b^ing in a satlsfac- >'< tory condition. Last year Comptroller I General Jones made an earnest effort to remedy this condition, in accord- a< ance with our laws, all taxable prop- cl erty assessed at its real value. A U1 fixed standard is positively necessary, tf for only in this manner can all prop- 8' erty be equally assessed, in order that w the burden of taxation should rest c< alike upon all. tl At the last meeting of your honora- b< ble body the comptroller general carefully prepared an abstract of the tax Pi laws of the state, and this was made 1? for the guidance of auditors and other U assessing officers, in order that they nr might more accurately assess property ft 1^ as required by law. When the legls- tl lature met, the assessment of proper- h r r ty. both personal and real, was then w being made throughout the state, and ** on account of the uncertainty of the n levy to be fixed by the legislature, that ft W body refusing to follow the recommen- t< datlons of the comptroller general In h: reference to a flexible levy, to be determined after the assessment had f? been completed. As a result, the lne- aj quality complained of Is greater now si than It was before this assessment, tl hundreds of petitions asking for a re- rr ductlon or equalisation of property a have been received at the comptroller 01 general's office. ^ This Is an unbuslness like condition n of affairs, in a department where bus- e< lness conditions should be pre-eminent, d' If all property In the state were b equalized upon a 60 per cent basis, the n A total taxable property in the state It * would, in my opinion, be not less than cl $360,000,000 on the books of the comp- cl troller general. Instead of only $250,- o 000.000. as are the figures at present, ti This Is not only an injustice to our a; taxpayers, but It Is unwise and Is an e: injury to the state, in that it does not c( set forth to others our real progress and prosperity. On the contrary, it Is it actually misleading, both as to our re- P wp sources and to our tax rate, and this b a matter where most important con- it sideratlon8 are Involved'. Only a cer- ?>' tain amount of money is required to f? * meet the expenses of our state gov- a ernment. and an Increased assessment, b by having all property assessed at Its gi real value, would simply be an equalization of the tax burden and would tl not mean an increase In taxation. si The present laws. If properly inforc- d< ed. would to a great extent remedy this oi unsatisfactory condition of affairs, cl The only change I shall suggest look- a lng towards their lnforcement is that le the state board or equalization De u changed, as it is at present too unwieldly. Another objection is that the r< j various members naturally feel that tl W they represent their own counties, and C not the state at large. It would be si wise, in my opinion, to reduce the b membership of the state board, limit- If ing it to five members, these to be ap- tt pointed by the governor and confirmed ei by the senate. Two of the members h should devote their entire time to this u work, and should receive a fixed sal- ti ary and traveling expenses. These ti members should visit the various coun- s< t ties, consult with the auditors and lo- si cal assessing officers, should hear all a complaints and should regulate the e equalization of all taxable property in lj |k the state. The report of the comp- a troller general, which will be submit- p ted to you at the proper time, has been ir carefully compiled and should merit 11 your most thoughtful consideration. A Immigration. b The most important consideration p perhaps, which now has the attention si of the people of South Carolina, is our b ? vigorous effort to get the tide of much I it needed and carefully selected lmml- o gration turned directly into this sec- .A tion of the south, through our chief seaport. What is far more important w also, is the combined efforts to build p up our commerce, with a saving of j f thousands and thousands of dollars p ^ annually to our exporters and import- r< ers, and giving promise to save to our fi cotton and other raw material de- c rnanded abroad, the sums now being e paid in useless tribute to transporta- is tion lines having no interest whatever t< in southern development. n During the past six months your c department of agriculture, commerce v tand Immigration?though established tl less than three years ago?has under- o taken the execution of carefully pre- p pared plans and has worked with such ti vigor, energy and success to accom- tl plish the desired ends, that it has a succeeded in commanding the atten- o ARD'S r MESSAGE es General Asers of Interest TUATION a rr T ?7n^T^nTlJ LiU J\ 1 L?j11VJ11I ton Referred to?Sane s to Lawlessness?The ion?Other Matters. on, not only of this country, but th< ttention of the countries of Europ< Iso. This has placed South C&rollm ice more In the forefront as a plover leader In movements affecting th< elfare of the nation. The bold, bui irefully planned, operations of this jpartment have brought about th< ending down of a decision in Washigton that clearly defines the powers F the state and puts us?and oui ster states?in a position to mov< itelligently for that selected immiration that not only our own peopl? id the people of the south, but whict le people of the entire country, havt fen demanding in vain since th? irdes of undesirables pouring lntc lr great ports of entry began to ere !e what we have all recognized as a oblern. In pursuing the policy, which has ?en extremely difficult In execution ' setting the pace for securing careilly selected immigration and, at one id the same time, bringing about a ng-dreamed-of development of oui mmerce, your department, befon oving, in addition to the many prelutlons taken to protect the goot ime of the state from .possible conlets with Federal and Internationa ws, also gave great care for the weli.re and protection of our native lair. It has been alleged that the depart ient would be used by the financially ronger clause of our citizens to th< Jury of our weaker class. During th< ?ar it became absolutely necessary i order to keep in operation manyol jr manufacturing plants, to secur< iditlonal labor to operate Idle mafinery. The condition was such thai nless some relief could be obtained le owners of the properties woulc iflTer: and, in time, the operative! ould suffer also. Even facing them mditlons. no move was made to glv< te needed aid until the assurance hat fen filed that all efforts to secure th< fcessary labor had been made with n< rospect of result, in this and adjoinig states, or in other portions of th< nited States. No definite moveH^u lade then until the plants had volu'n irily taken concerted action to reduc< ie hours of labor, gradually, to sixty ours a week, without decrease o ages, and until the pledge had als< pen given that the employers woul< ot displace any native employee ii ivor of any one who ml^it be brough ) relieve the situation. When thli t ad been done, the department accept' i. under the terms of law, assistant om those so sorely In need of help? ssistance given without restriction o tlpulatlon?and It, must be said thg lis assistance enabled your depart lent to accomplish results which hav ttracted the attention of the econ mlc world. Extreme conservatism In all matter flating to this undertaking has mark a. and is marking, the course of you epartment. Just as you are assem ling, the second ship of the propose* ew trans-Atlantic service Is prepar lg to sail, bringing additional nev Itizens to us. We are now in the era lal period which determine whethe r not our success in this great under iking is to be permanent, and wheth r we are to reap the commercial ben fits for which we have longed, for i entury, to call our own. The semblance of lack of suppor 1 this critical stage, when the de artment has the confidence of tb est Influences in Europe, would al ?ost certainly jeopardize the succes: f the undertaking and possibly losi >r us the opportunity now open. Onci flowed to pass, this opportunity wil e probably beyond our power to re ain in a half century. This entire undertaking, the execu on of which has occupied less thai ix months has called for a tremen [jus amount of work, far beyond th< fflce force and the resources of th< ppartment. The work is developlnj t so rapid a rate that, for a period a ast. it will be absolutely necessary t< imlsh some relief. It is scarcely necessary for me t< ?capitulate the facts in reference t< le cnaracier or immigrants lanucn > harleston last November, upon whon Lich high encomium was pronounce* y the Federal examining officers. No i It necessary to repeat here the de ills of the selective methods employ ri abroad?the selective methods ave always advocated and inslste* pon. I do not consider It necessar; ) repeat a statement of the condi ons that render white immigratloi ;> vital to the development of ou tate upon agricultural, commercla nd Industrial lines. I d<? wish, how ver. to direct your attention especial r to the magnificent opportunity tha waits us as an agricultural, a cottoi roduclng and a manufacturing state 1 the successful establishment an< lalntenance of a permanent trans tlantic freight and passenger lln> etween the Pacific trans-shlppini ort of Europe and our own leadini caport at Charleston, with its har or unmatched for accessibility am s distributive qualities by any por n the eastern shores of the Nortl nierican continent. F- ? !-??????? o# on/>h a line Ill lilt* IIlUIIliruuiii:tr ui ouvu - e have already secured the active ersona! support of Director Von Pillf f one of the greatest steamship Co. orations in the world, and I hav eason to know that he is a loya riend of the south and of southeri omtnercial development. What th stablishment of this line means to u * a little difficult yet for any of u i> understand. When I tell you tha early $><4,000,000 worth of southeri otton alone goes into the foreign por here we are establishing a connec Ion: that nearly $2,000,000 worth o ur cotton seed meal reaches that sanv ort. and that it is within our powe l> direct far more of these product hrough this port to their consignors nd when I add that on the shipmen f these, and many other of our pro ducts, through the port of Charleston, r< it is in our power to save many thou- a sands of dollars to shippers and pro- q ducers of these articles by reason of e: I the proposed line?you may then reaj lize what this undertaking means, not ti alone to the people in general, but to si the cotton farmer direct. It is within ei our grasp, by rallying now, to save to ei ! our producers, to the buyer and the tl shipper, handsome sums paid to trans- u portation companies whose real interests are not identified with us. What tl it means to the southern manufacturer e' ?and the southern manufacturer's in- y terests in South Carolina are now as j q great, or greater, than any other at ti this time?may be Judged when you compare the method of getting the tl ! manufactured product to the Far East si now used?(which is by rail across a the continent)?with the proposed new pi method by direct shipment from our rr own port to the port where, by one a< h -ransfer, it is placed on the same com- ei pany's direct steamer to ports of dis- ol tribution. si It is a sdurce of pride to me that the lr conservatism and care which has char- sj 9 acterized the course of the department fc 9 In this state has been such as to al- ci 1 ready lead to concerted movements in oi " our sister states of the south for the n< 9 adoption, at once, of the South Caro- c< ' Una act. m 9 In view of the recent decision of st 9 Secretary Strauss of the United States ni " department of commerce ahd labor, re 9 it is vitally important that no material y< : change should be made in the act m 9 creating our department. There is but Je ' one change I would suggest, and af- si 9 ter careful thought, consideration and 1 investigation, I deem that a very nec- ti 9 essary one. Section 11 of the act pre- I 9 vents the commissioner from taking fr 9 any steps to induce some of the deslr- n< ' able people of Europe?people best ad- al 1 apted to our own conditions?most no- ti L*? on/1 tVio HroAlr laoiy me uviui iuhwu uu? 1 farmer?two of the most law-abiding and thriftiest Immigrants that come a< ' to America. I cannot too strongly urge u! the elimination of this section from f-1 1 the act. leaving the class of people to si r be brought to the Judgment of the lr 9 commissioner. No such official, with a cl " proper conception of his duty, would tc ' dare, knowing the desires of the peo- d< " pie, bring Into the state a class of ' people such as would bring discredit vi ' upon his state and upon himself. c< For the proper support of this de- b< partment, a minimum appropriation of si " not less than $25,000 will be absolutely n r necessary. I need not add how sin- it 5 cerely I trust that this will be done. d( 9 The amount could not be better used, oi and the splendid work of Commission- o< f er Watson entitles him to your most ei 9 distinguished consideration. I have g " seen the serious difficulties under si ' which he has labored; I am familiar rr with the obstacles he overcame by u I energy and hard work, and it is a It 9 pleasure to me to commend the faith- oi 9 fulness and the painstaking care of 9 this valued and competent official. ti ' Our Educational Institutions. oi 9 In presenting to you a brief synopsis ci > of our educational system and Its pre sent conditions, I feel that we have tl * cause for congratulation. But while It 3 much has been done, while progress p ' and betterment is the rule In almost a 8 every department, the work that has t been accomplished serves, too, to re- n f veal how much?how very much?more ? 8 remains to be done. This work, with ol * all the expenditures of time, talents ti 1 and money that it involves, should be g 1 considered more of a privilege than a o 8 duty, by every taxpayer in our state, p * The future greatness of our common- w 8 wealth, the development of the high- Si " est type of citizenship, the absolute life e r of our dearly-bought privileges of p 1 liberty and of freedom, have their last- ii * ing foundations, their surest hope. n 8 The reports of our various state s' " higher institutions of learning will be v promptly submitted to you by duly '? 3 authorized officials, and I sincerely t< * trust you will give them that earnest r consideration which the great import- e " ance of this work so worthily merits, n * Our Public 8chools. a The comprehensive report of our ? v state superintendent of education will, f< when submitted, show many interest- It r ing details. It is extremely gratify- tl * ing to note that the number of our T " public schools has increased consld- si * erably in the past four years, and si 1 there has also been a decided increase h in the number of teachers employed, n * Of course, this also means an in- ii " creased enrollment of pupils, which is If 8 most gratifying. F Compulsory Education. o: 3 It has been a disappointment to me s 8 that we have not yet passed a law in o 8 reference to compulsory education, a 1 There is no reason why this should not " be done: there is every reason why it should be done, and such a law will be r< * passed sooner or later by our general 11 1 assembly. s< Dispensary. n t In my last two messages I called the b e attention of the general assembly to f{ j the unsatisfactory condition of the t state dispensary, and in both of these tl j messages I made such recommenda- -i tions as I thought were best calculated w 3 to correct existing evils. These were tl 3 the first recommendations ever made a l with the direct view of purifying the n i dispensary system. They were made oi 1 only after mature consideration of the fi r subject, and a careful study of its con- a - iiiHima i am still firmlv convinced ir - that if the state is to remain in the ti I business of selling liquor, changes in a i the law are absolutely necessary, and ei f I have no occasion to modify or change - the views expressed in the message to C( i which I have referred. I am also con- d r strained to believe that had my reoom- u 1 mendatlons?or ones of similar scope bi - and purpose?been adopted, the opera j - tion of the dispensary law would not n t have the odium resting upon It which n i attaches to It today. ti (. The fact that a large number of q 3 counties in the state have voted out ti - local dispensaries; the work of the In.- r? e vestigating committee, and the dlsclos- t' 5 t'res made in consequence?these con- s< ? siderations, in connection with the p, - fact that the people of the state have jr 3 recentlv exoressed In no uncertain | f, t term their disapproval of the present b ti operation of the dispensary law, and 0t demand imperatively that something ? >, should be done to correct existing tj evils. The people will not stand for ,S| t, anything in which they believe graft p - exists in any form, and a serious trou- a e ble with the dispensary law is that It I affords too great opportunity for ,, a wrong-doing and too little opportuni- w e ty for detection. ol s The failure of the general assembly b s last year to enact laws looking to the |r t correction of abuses in the dispensary tl a system, was. in my opinion, exceed- c] t ingly unfortunate, and I sincerely hope |a - for the good of the state, that such a t f policy will not prevail this year. I jr e believe the necessities of the situation Q1 r are such that the issue will be square- a, s ly met. and that you will take decided w ; action in the permanent and satis- n, t factory settlement of this vexed ques- T - tion. I have referred to my former ecommendations upon this subject w nd, with your permission, I shall is uote from my message to the gen- o ral assembly of 1906, as follows: w "It is imperative, for the honor of s ie state, that existing conditions s hould be immediately remedied, elth- s r by radical changes in the laws gov- ? rning the dispensary or by the adop- p on of a different system for the reg- a lation of the liquor question." c I am convinced more than ever that lis recommendation applies now with ren greater force than it did last n ear. This will be the most important T uestion presented for your considera- s; on. and it must be squarely met. n In view of the great importance of Ii lis question to all the people of our li :ate: Its bearing upon our reputation s broad and upon our Integrity as a n eople, I must again, in emphasizing n ly position, urge that you take such w ction in the matter as the grave nec- tl >sities of the situation demand. Many ti f you have been elected upon this is- n je by the people, and this increases, f< i large measure, your Individual re- f< jonsibillty. I have referred to my s >rmer message in thus briefly disjsslng the dispensary law, for the b jtllne the position which, as gover- tl ar of South Carolina, I have always y >nslstently maintained throughout h iy two administrations. As I have tl ated before, I see no reason to change r iy views as formerly expressed and si (iterated. For considerations which fi >u will readily understand, I shall a iake no further recommendations, f< avlng this more specifically for my d iccessor in office. p The situation demands your careful tought, wise and Judicious action, and believe it will be thus considered o ee from prejudice, with the spirit s at only of fairness for the views of o 1 concerned, but also for what are d >e highest interests of our state. c Lawlessness and Lynching. A T have endeaverod. during my two c ^ministrations as governor, to do my v tmost to prevent lawlessness in any fi lape, and especially have I tried to e jppress the awful crime of lynch- n iff. This crime, as all thoughtful r Itlzens know, Is a serious menace ? the maintenance of all law and or- t sr. c I am ashamed to have to report to ti ou that. In spite of all efforts to the a intrary. the crime of lynching has pen committed more than once In our .ate during the past year. Let It be i jmembered here?not In attempted p istlfication, nor to extenuate, In any e egree, the perpetration of the crime s f lynching?that these lawless acts s ccur always under what Is consider- p 3 the strongest provocation. The p reater the provocation, however, the e tronger Is the majesty of the law p lade manifest, when our citizens then li nite in leaving Justice, stern though d may be, to be meted out through our T rganized courts of law. s It can be stated here, with absolute f -uthfulness. that it is not the color r f the offender, but the nature of the h rime, that makes lynchings occur. h I have asked for a special fund for f le suppression of lawlessness and fi rnchlngs, and twice has this approrlation been made by our general ssembly. a I have endeavored to use this fund ? jost Judiciously, and I have had many r alls made upon It. In spite of the n hstacles in the way of bringing direct, o ingible results, I am convinced that I ood has been accomplished. In my t pinion, we should not only seek to p unlsh those who commit the crimer- a here this is possible?but we should 3 pek to prevent the crime also. An a fflclent rural police might not only i revent the crime of lynching by be- s lg ready to assist the sheriff at a t loment's notice, but the presence of f uch officials would do much to pre- c ent criminal assaults. Our rural t (immunities are entitled to this pro- ? pctlon. t Recently the legislature of Virginia t nacted a law making an attempt at e a.pe a capital offense, and providing c lso that the testimony of the victim rauld be taken In private and not beire the public in a court room. I am 1 lformed by state officials of Virginia 1st this law is working satisfactorily, t think this Is a very Important con- s Ideration, and I recommend the pas- I age of such a law* for our state, rne e oldlng of special terms of court has t lany objections, the principal one be- h lg the appearance of thus yielding: to r iwlessness demands hastily made, f 'or the crime of rape, however, I am f the opinion that special courts hould be held to try the culprit at s nee and I hope our laws can be so t mended in this respect. 'n State Hospital For the Insane. f The care of the insane Is one of the f asponslblllties of humane and en- s ghtened governments. For this rea- t in. therefore, the ever-Increasing t umber of the insane Is one of the s urdens of modern life which must t ill heavily upon the taxpayer. Such n tatlstics show that the population of s le insane asylum of the United States e oubled In the thirteen years ending i] ith 1903. The asylum population of r le country* In 1890 numbered 98,000, n nd at the close of the year 1903, in j ->und numbers, a population of 196,- r )0 was the aggregate shown by the^e 3 gures. What is true of the country u t large, Is true, I am sorry to say, r 1 our own state. In 1890 the popula- p on of our asylum was about 700, and t population of 1,331 is shown at the s id of the fiscal year Just closed. a Today our state hospital has ac- o immodations for 1,000 patients, but o urlng the past year nearly 400 pa- u ents in excess of its capacity have o een crowded within the buildings, he total admissions for the past year d umbered 571. this being the largest A umber in the history of the institu- 1 on. The asylum was established in P olumbia because of its central locaon. and It Is estimated that 51,000.000 d ^presents the value of this property r day. This central colony Idea. It u ?ems to me, Is a part of the fixed nllcy of the state In reference to this a istltutlon. The present grounds will, ? ?r many years, offer sites for such a rlldings as may be necessary. An- tl ther building is now Imperatively re- 1' aired, as Is shown In the report of 85 le regents, and superintendent. The J' tate can no longer afford to allow the t< resent overcrowded conditions at the 11 sylum to continue. ? In considering the future welfare of c ur insane, I am convinced that it ould be a wise policy on the part f the state to consider the proposition ? y the regents to purchase additional " ind a short distance from the city for tl te double purpose of a colony for hronic insane and also for farming inds for the support of the hospital. >' he property at present owned Is be- ' lg gradually occupied by the groups l' f buildings necessary for the more ? cute cases, and the proposed addition ? ould be valuable from every stand- Cl r>int. d he South Carolina Industrial School, o Another Important consideration g ,-hich I must all too briefly mention, ha' j the establishment of the South Car- / Una Industrial school. In accordance flc< Mth an act passed at your last ses- 11c Ion, I appointed trustees for this In- ed tltutlon, and, In spite of many ob- sta tacles, the work Is progressing most enl atlsfactorlly. The report of the su- ges erlntendent will be submitted to you, pre nd I recommend this Institution most crt ordlally. an< The South Carolina Penitentiary. she The affairs of this Institution show dal o marked changes In any respect, net 'he number of convicts Is about the an< ame as last year, and the manage- the lent is excellent to the last detail, t Is. I believe, one of the few public I istltutlons of Its kind which Is self- cor upportlng. In addition to this, per- hat lanent Improvements are steadily his lade, and among these we may note, wo dth much satisfaction, the comple- has Ion of the new hospital for consump- ula Ives. This building is erected with cht lodern Improvements, and Is a com:>rtable and welbaopolnted hospital I ir the suffering Convicts who need the pecial care and attention. pre The state farms are each year ter rought to a higher state of cultiva- glv Ion, and, despite an unfortunate crop mu ear and a disastrous storm, destroy- 1 lg one hundred bales of cotton and sh( hree hundred tons of hay, the report rea f Superintendent Griffith will again mo how a good profit for the state. These sld arms are, therefore, not only profit- ma ble to the state, but are Invaluable, wh ir the reason that they furnish out- C oor work for such convicts as cannot rej erform other service. his State Board of Health. Inv This board is decidedly one of the wh rganlzations much needed in our rn< tate. Their duties are responsible and sta nerous, and in the discharge of these hai utles they do not receive the appre- wi1 latlon which they so Justly deserve, val >s will be seen by their report, the ' ompulsory vaccination law enacted at slo our lasf session, has not proved satis- nn actory, and certain changes are nec- de] ssary for Its proper enforcement The ed eeded changes are suggested in the coi eport, which will be submitted to you. in I recommended, in former messages, up he appointment of a state health offl- cai er. who should give his entire time ra: o the work, and this appointment is ret gain urged by the board. 1 The Hampton Monument. es; Two years ago the general assembly ha: f South Carolina passed an act ap- ed iropriating a sum for the purpose of Mi recting a mounment to our beloved po oldier. Wade Hampton. The commis- !n ion to whom was entrusted this im- ?n ortant duty have completed their res- sui mnslble task, not only with the greatst credit to themselves, but to the ] ntlre satisfaction 'of the people who cjr r>ve our greatest leader, and whose Vo: esire is to fitly honor his memory. yo 'he statue, as a work of art, has few ureriors, and the entire work, in Its wj ntshed perfection, is a stately memo- mt lal. not only to our distinguished son, Vo >ut is a tribute to those whose love tui iss so hallowed the name and the ] ame it will forever commemorate. ho Annual Reunion of Confederate Vet- kn erane. Inf It Is evidently a manifest desire ce< mong the Confederate veterans of an louth Carolina to have a fixed and ha >ermanent place at which their an- ] mal reunions shall be held. Columbia >n account of its central location and tin ts excellent railroad facilities, has ex ieen suggested as the proper and ap- stt iroprlate place of meeting for these on nnual occasions. There is every reaon why the wishes of our old veter- tlo ns should be respected, and I believe ca t is only right and proper that the |]e tatA ?hniilrt makp an annronriation for ?v>. his purpose. In accordance, there- be ore, with their wishes, and also be- tj0 ause I strongly favor the Idea, I have he honor to suggest that an appro- e8< uiatlon of 15,000 be made. In order mt hat there may be no uncertainty aB co) o the convenience, comfort and full an njoyment of the annual reunions and ommunlon of our old veterans. The Jamestown Exposition. At the last meeting of your honorble body. $20,000 was appropriated to rovlde for an exhibit of the agrlcul- |8t ural and Industrial resources of this tal tate at the Jamestown exposition. f0, Jnder the terms of the act, I appoint- eT| d commissioners to take charge of Th his work, and while no formal report ke las been made, I have been advised er< if the status of the work by Mr. W. th< 2. Gonzales, chief commissioner. of Salaries of State Officers. th< With the continued growth of our tate. It will be absolutely necessary em hat larger appropriations should be tut nade for the conduct of Its public af- Mt airs, and especially Is this true In re- gr, erence to the salaries paid to our Th tates officers. Without exception, tra hese salaries are totally inadequate for am he services rendered, and are In no gr< ense In keeping with the responslblll- frc les devolving upon the Incumbents. In tht io department of our government are am alaries paid at all commensurate, Clc Ither with the services rendered, nor est n keeping with the dignity and de- abl nands of the offices filled. Our Justices Its f the supreme court, our circuit ' udges. solicitors, and all state officers, ter eceive such compensation for their mc ervlces as a serious reflection ma pon their own state. The demands on nade upon the time and ability of lea ublic servants are ceaseless, almost; on hey are expected to be only a little ed hort of perfection; they must be equal fro t all times to all demands made up- hei r. them, but the compensation for all am f this Is not near so mucn as me men m? . ould receive In almost any business ccupatlon. thl Not only are the state officials un- an, erpald, but In most of our state of- cje ces the clerical force, furnished by ing he state. Is entirely Inadequate to upi erform the duties required by law. Jn The result Is that decidedly too much wj, etall work rests upon the heads ofde- j artments, and they are consequently ger nable to plve larger matters the care- wa ul consideration which their Import- t^e nee demands. As I am soon to retire an( rom office. I feel privileged to make offl nother statement and suggestion In ^y his connection. It Is probably a fact ^ja hat the poorest paid officials In our |n(] tate are the circuit judges and the c|a ustices of the supreme court; and yet on( -> those may certainly be Included he office of governor. A large portion ? f the salaries of circuit judges Is wa onsumed In traveling expenses, while jv he small salary paid to the governor jte ? not In keeping with the dignity iap f his office, nor does it. In any degree. ma leet the requirements made upon his spj line and upon his official position. ph< State House. s aru In this connection It Is well to call be our attention to another matter of n porta nee. The state house now Is j|y> m? small to meet the requirements of an( ur government. A number of state for fficials now. Including the railroad fln( immlssloners, the state superlnten- js , ent of education, the commissioners frj( f agriculture, commerce and imml- hes ration, and the state bank examiner, her i*e no offices In the state house, l state official should have his c ) In the state house, where the pu look for him?where he is expec to be found. L of course, unde nd that the state house cannot arged, but the plan I would su, it can meet this difficulty. The s ime court room and the suprer irt library should be moved, ai >ther building, conveniently locate >uld be erected for their accomm :ion. This change would provt >ded offices for every state offlc! 1 would meet the requirements i situation. Other Important Matters, should like to speak more at leng icerning the splendid work whi ? already been accomplished byo torical commission. Real work rk of lasting value to the state t been accomplished, and I congra ,te the state upon the worth ai iracter of what has been done. Some Important Matters, can only mention, most briefly all i work which has been done for t >tection of our flsh and oyster 1 ests, and ask that you continue e mis ine Dusinesg auenuon it ich requires. rhe drainage of our swamp lan >uld not be overlooked. This, 1 .sons of health as well as from t re material aspect of the flnanc e of the question Involved, is ,tter of great importance to the ose Interest It concerns. )ur state geologist will submit 1 >ort concerning the year's work department. This report contal 'aluable information?informati ich Is eagerly sought by Interest ?s far beyond the borders of o ,te. Careful, painstaking work h? s been accurately done, and the stt II reap a rich harvest from tl luable field. rhe report of the railroad comm n will be submitted to you at t >per time. The many details of tl partment will be specifically inclu in this report, and they merit yc isideration. The commissioners s thin imner deal somewhat at lens on the congestion of freight t jse of the lack of cars, during ( at year, and will suggest a practii nedy for relief. Mo special comment from me is n? >ary regarding the work of our sti nk examiner. This office was crei at the last legislative session, a \ Lee G. Holleman received the a lntment. His duties include w< an important department, ant i sure this will bring valuable i Its. Conclusion. [ have as briefly as I thought \ cumstances permitted, submitted u to various matters which, it ur duty and your province to cc ler. In our republic the power re th the people. Wisdom, courages (deration should be observed In u do, for upon these depend our I re safety, our future greatness. [ shall watch with confidence, a pe, and trust, your deliberatio owing that in your care and ke< t. and with those who are to si ?d me, that the affairs of our sti * In or* n Kin am/9 onn onlfln fir c in oaic, auic auu wuuvivutiv nda. [n conclusion, I have only little im say, but this will hold for me m< an I can ever hope to adequat press. As governor of my na't ite, I have received the highest h< i which my people can bestow, ep, grateful and lasting apprec >n of this honor. I shall always II, not only the distinction and pr ges which this honor conferred, 1 s manner of its bestowal, will alwf among my most cherished recolli ns. With the fervent hope that the hij : blessings of an all-wise Providei ly guide and direct us always mmend to you the responslbilit d the privileges which alike i urs. D. C. HEY WARD Slave Ants. It has long been known to natur 8 that several species of ants ma n and feed another sort of Inse the sake of the wax that th ude and which the ants use as fo< iese ants are said, therefore, ' ep cows." Put It has been d!sc< >d only within recent years tl ?re are ants that ride on the bac others and are thus the cavaliers i insect world. Within this period a scientist In t iployment of the Smithsonian Ina :ion observed, while traveling in t ilay peninsula, a species of sm ly ants that were new to hi ese ants were much engaged iveling: they lived in damp plac d went in troops. To the sclentls ?at surprise he noticed among th< >m' time to time an occasional a it was much larger than the oth< d moved at a much swifter ra >ser examination revealed the int< ing fact that this larger ant Inva ly carriea one or ine gray anus back. The scientist noted down many I esting facts with regard to thi ivements. He found that while t lin body of gray at its were alwa foot, they were accompanied by st one of their own sort mount one of these larger ants. It moui and detached itself now and th im the line, rode rapidly at t id. came swiftly back to the ret I seemed to be the commander t expedition. The scientist was soon satisfied th s species of ant employs a larg t (possibly a drone of the same sr s, though he had no means of pro ; this) as we employ horses to rl on; though as a rule only one a each colony seemed to be provid :h a mount. Some ants maintain others in th< vice as servants or slaves. Certa rrlor ants of South America confl ;lr own physical efforts to raid! i plundering, while all the ordina ces of life, are performed for the slaves. The little gray ants of t lay peninsula appear to be a mo ustrious race, inuuKu uiey uppi te the great convenience of havii ? on "horseback" among them. Clever Queen.?The queen of No y speaks five languages fluen Including Russian. Her favo poet Is "Owen Meredith," tl ? Lord Lytton. Then she knoi ny minor arts and crafts, sews ai ns well, can bind a book, take itograph, carve wood, play che 1 use a typewriter, which Is said among her favorite amusemem ;e most members of the royal far Queen Maud Is a keen collectc 1 her up-to-date fancy seems to 1 Ivory tusks, of which she has ? assortment. At wood carving si 'specially clever, and some of h snds possess pipes with grotesqi ids, which have been carved 1 It. ittiscrllancous heading. b- _ W :t" ACCOUNT8 OF GEO. WASHINGTON rhe Relics In Auditor's Office of National Treasury. The hoard of Interesting relics and ^ documents of historic significance at ^ the national treasury seems as lnex' haustible as the widow's cruse. The treasury archives are rich in material showing the steps In the growth of a ot great nation, and additional treasures are always coming to light. An auditor's office is rarely the shelth ter for anything more lively than dry as dust papers, wearisome columns of figures and long, dull accounts; but the office of the auditor of the treasury, says the Washington Post, contains some records of commercial transactions in tne united states wnicn n form a fascinating little museum in themselves. These various records are In the careful custody of Miss Mary H. Bra6 dy, who has herself dug many of them n" from the dusty oblivion into which to they had fallen. A cancelled check is 80 a mere slip of paper, generally worthless and uninteresting, but when its ds figures reach up Into the multi-mllor lions and It covers the purchase of a country or a state It is worth a second la] * look. Carefully laid away in one of a the black Japanned boxes In Miss Bra186 dy's desk there are several such checks held by the government as evidence of Its big business deals. They are *n warrants for the payment of moneys ns appropriated by congress and they date on back as far as 1824, when (200,000 was ed paid to Lafayette by the United States 'ur "in consideration of his services and 5re sacrifices in the War of the Revolulte tion." This warrant is signed by Wil4,8 11am H. Crawford, secretary of the treasury, and is receipted on the back by Lafayette himself, in the character116 lstic French hand. 11,8 The next warrant of importance it l(** that which gave the emperor of Rusiur sla $7,200,000 for Alaska under the treaty of 1887. It is pompously worded beginning "Ray to the undersigned * " Envoy Extraordinary and Mintstei Jie Plenipotentiary of his Majesty the Emc?3 peror of all the Russias." The warrant is slamed by F. E. Spinner, ther K5" secretary of the treasury. This drafl lte was indorsed by Edward de Stoecke the Russian minister, and was depos11(3 Ited in the Rlggs bank, one of the oldLP" est banks In Washington. It will b< >rk remembered that the treaty undei 1 3 which this purchase was made wai h?" nicknamed "8eward's Folly." Th< warrant called for payment in coin ant was so met the A warrant for a still larger sum ant to a far more important territory is that is covering the Louisiana Purchase, th< >n- amount being $15,000,000. This wai sts under the treaty of 1S0S. .nd "Many people have an idea, too,' all said Miss Brady, "that we paid nothfu ing for the Philippines. They thlnl we simply marched in and took th< ,nd Islands and that that was all there wai ns, of it. Nevertheless, four warrants oi >p- $5,000,000 each, making $20,000,000 it jc- all. were paid to Spain. These war&te rants were indorsed by Jules Cam bo n >us the French minister, representing th< government of Spain; this for the reaare son that a treaty cannot be entered are Into by any country directly with on* ely Vlth which it is at war." lve These various warrants, though can>n celled, serve as receipts, and as Mlsi In Brady announces ominously that ii la- case of their loss the government mlgh n???r nhiA to nmve that the monevi lv- were paid, she hastily lays them awa: jut again under heavy lock and key. iya "And now I will show you my jewsc els," she will tell you, bringing another black box of ancient cut and tlm< rh- worn decoration. Peering at Its lid ice vou can faintly decipher some fantaa, I tic gold lettering, and you read, guesslas Ing at It here and there: "Accounts ire Q. Washington with the United States Commencing June. 1176, and ending June, 1783, comprehending a space ol eight years." Inside are three or four battered call at- bound account books, all neatly filled in- with debit and credit columns in th< cts smooth writing of the great American ley parent. The rounded letters, with theli ad. gracefully curllcued embellishments 'to and the beautifully formed, symmetric >v- cal figures, are eloquent proof of the tat painstaking exactness brought lntc :ks olay In even the mlnutlce of his afof fairs. These accounts were kept mainly while on the march, yet they were he brought up from day to day with th? >tl- greatest accuracy, and the recapitulate tlon at the end of each book Is deall tailed and comprehensive. The acm. counts cover money of Washington's in own spent for the government and es, government funds expended by him. it's His conscientiousness Is shown In a Jm footnote, calling attention to a parint tlcular Item which he appeared to have srs paid but for which he had no receipt t?- This he deducted from his own credit if- until the matter should be definitely rl- settled. on Some curious little differences In book-keeping pnraseoiogy are muwu n- in these books. For instance, the top sir line of a column that is carried torhe ward reads sometimes "Brought up," .ys or when he is very businesslike inat deed, 'To foot of other side brought ed up." Occasionally one finds "Brought it- over from other side," or "Contra? en credit side." The accounts are in Enghe lish money. ir, Equally interesting are the old mileof age books, showing the sums allowed members of congress for transportaiat tion to and from Washington. Their ;er traveling was done on horseback ojr te- in stagecoaches and they were paid so iv- much a mile'by the government. The de thirteenth session of congress, one of nt the books reads; and one of its entries, ed for 1963 mileage, is receipted in a faint, uncertain hand, "D. Webster." A ;lr payment was made to Henry Clay of tin $560 for 11 days attendance. Conne gressmen were paid by the day, and ng their pay deducted for every day they ry were absent. Clay's signature was .n-i fnnnri to have been cut from the book. he when It was unearthed not long1 ago re from the musty cupboard where it had e- lain for many years, ng The paper In these old books is of beautiful quality, and except for the edges, which have cracked like old r- ivory, it is still in excellent * shape, t- Holding it to the light, the royr al water mark is disclosed, showhe Ing a crown, with the entwined letters ivs GR below., the paper being of English id make during the reign of George III. a Some of the watermarks show the ss English coat of arms with the crown to above it. ts. Perhaps the most Interesting of n- these old account books are those >r, showing the personal expenses of be Washington and his military "family" a evidently his Immediate staff. The ache counts were kept by Caleb Glbbs, and er are generally headed "Headquarters, ue on the march," headquarters being by sometimes New York, sometimes Valley Forge and other historic points. They cover purchases of food supplies, for the most part, though here and there such items appear as To cash for a broom that Peter bought some time ago 6d Cash paid for mending the chariot..Is Agreed with Peggy for 4s per month for the General's washing and 4s per doz. for the gentlemen of the family. On July 9, 1776, the entry is made: This day Mrs. Thompson came to keep house for his excellency General Washington. On July 10:. Bought 11 doz. of Madeira wine of Mr. Thomas Martin, 3 pounds 12s a dozen. On July 12: His Excellency had a present of two barrels cyder. The spelling in all these accounts is most quaint. Here and there appear "baskltts" of fruit or vegetables: "collyflower" was a favorite dish, evident- ? ly. "Loyn of veal" was frequently pur chased. Very often wild fowl were purchased while on the march, and In many cases the expense of the horseback ride of the men sent miles away for the necessary food is added to the account The menus run very much the same throughout the books, but then) is one page which holds the attention, in spite of its similarity to the others. It is " dated Thursday, July 4. 1776. It shows what Washington Had for dinner on the very first Independence Day. The account reads: Leg of mutton 5s 3d Tcyn of veal 7s Pasting piece of beef 6s M 1 Cabbage, beets, and beans...... 5s Cd i Peas 2s Potatoes 2s Black fish and lobster 5s M A Famous 014 Clock. > Foremost among the famous clocks ' of London is that of the houses of parliament, where "Big Ben" sings out the ( hours to the busiest metropolis of the world. The dial measures twenty( two feet in diameter, and the minute hand is fourteen feet long. There are [ four dials, and, as one stands Inside . the clock, it is easy to see the minute hand going around. The works take up a whole chamber; the pendulum { Is splendidly balanced and hangs i down into the room below through the floors. Two men require ten min| utes to wind up the clock's work* and this has to be done twice a week. But the winding tip of the striking apparatus is quite another matter, and occupies ten hours-^five for the chimes and Ave for the striking of the hours. The clock as a time keeper has ne superior in the world, its error being only one second in eighty-flve days, or four seconds a year. The time Is not regulated by Greenwich, but the clock reports Itself twice a day by wire at Greenwich, and thus it is regulated. The chimes are struck by four bells, weighing respectively, eighty, thirty-six, thirty and twentynine hundred weight, and they are net to the following lines: All through this hour Lord be my guide. And, by thy power, no foot shall slide. The four bells ringing the chimes are placed in a square around, the large . bell, Big Ben, which strikes the hours. Big Ben is six feet six inches high; his circumference Is twenty-seven feet and he* weighs thirteen and one-half tons. He Is not the original striking bell here, but the second, having been 5 put up when his predecessor ?iim is r an untimely end. Biff Ben's hammer now weighs four-hundred weight; it used to weigh twice as much, but was reduced when it was discovered that [ Big Ben was cracked. Only twice In his career has Big Ben stopped to rest FOR THK CROUP. A 8imply Remedy That Is Said to Be r Very Effective. r When a doctor cannot be secured promptly in an emergency it is neces1 sary to have & good remedy always on 1 hand when children are inclined to be > croupy. i A mother who will provide herself with half a pint of raw linseed oil can , fight the worst case of croup she may meet with. It is said to be an unfail) Ing remedy, and for quick results it > beats anything else which can be given . for that dread disease. Half a teaspoon is a dose unless i the child is choking very badly. Then i give a teaspoonful. It acts two ways. In the first stage of croup, where there Is not much mucus, it is loosened and carried off i through the bowels. 1 In the second stage It causes vomit- . . ing; but, unlike ipecac, it leaves no , soreness of the throat as an after difficulty. i It is rarely necessary to give more than one dose, when the child will get ; relief and go to sleep again. This simple rfmedy is one that is within the reach of every mother and 1 one that can be kept in the house at all times, and while it is in the house the area a memDranoui croup onu cause no terror*.?Boston Traveler. Jacobs' Story. A magazine editor was talking about W. W. Jacobs, the famous humorist "I went abroad this summer." he said, "to try and get Mr. Jacobs to write for me; but I found that he had ( all he could do for six or seven years to come. "He Is a quiet, modest chap. When I praised his wonderful skill In the writing of short stories, he said that It was only their surprises that made his stories take. "Then, to Illustrate what he meant, -* he told me a story where'n the surprises came fast and furious. "He said that a lawyer, defending a man accused of house breaking, spoke like this: > " 'Your honor, I submit that my client did not break Into the house at all. He found the parlor window open and merely Inserted his right arm and removed a few trifling articles. Now, my client's arm Is not himself, and I fail to see how you can punish the whole individual for an offence committed only by one of his limbs." " 'That argument,' said the judge, is very well put. Following it logically, I sentence the defendant's arm to one year's imprisonment. He can accompany It or not as he chooses.' "The defendant smiled, and with his lawyer's assistance unscrewed his cork arm. and, leaving it in the dock, walked out." ' tv The seed plantations around San Jose. Cal., are said to receive 13,000,000 a year from the sale of seed. The first experiment of the planters in this line was made less than half a dozen years ago. One onion patch now covers 3,000 acres, with furrows almost two miles long. A single plot of sweet peas occupies 800 acres, a bed of yellow asters 210 acres, a lettuce bed 2.100.