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"~: ^ ISSUED 8EMI-WEEKL^^ _ ^ ^ ^ i. at. qrist's sons. Publishers, j % jfamil]) jfietrspager: Jfor the $rotnotion of the folitiral, Social, Agricultural, and (Commercial Interests of the fpeogle. { tek^ino^k top^Vite ESTABLISHED 1855. YORKVILLE, S. C? FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 19Q4. ISTO. i WHEN KNI I WAS IN I Or, The Lcrre Story of Charles Brandon Happening In the Reign of His Aug Rewritten ejid Rendered Into M C%ekoden'a By EDWIN CASKODEI Copyright, 1808 and 1901, by th ?4NMNMHMMNMHMN CHAPTER XIX. PROSERPINA. ?-y |0 the value received for WolI soy's friendship to Brandon was Mary's promise to marry ^^1 Louis. Mary wanted to send a message at once to Brandon, telling him his life would be spared and that she had made no delay this time?a fact of which she was very proud?but the Tower gates would not open until morning, so she had to wait. She compensated herself as well as she could by writing a letter, which I should like to give you here, but It Is too long. She told him of his pardon, but not one word upon the theme he so wished yet feared to hear of?her promise never to wed any other man. Mary had not told him of her final surrender in the matter of the French marriage, for the reason that she dreaded to pain him and feared he might refuse the sacrifice. "It will almost kill him, I know," she said to Jane that night, "and I fear It is a false kindness I do him. He would, probably, rather die than that I should marry another. I know that I should rather die or have anything else terrible to happen than for another woman to possess him. He promised me he never .would, but suppose he should fail in his word, as I have today failed in mine? The thought of it absolutely burns me." And Bhe threw herself into Jane's arms, and that little comforter tried to soothe her by making light of her fears. "Oh. but suppose he should?" "Well, there is no ueed to borrow trouble. You said he promised you, and you know he is one who keeps his word." "But 1 promised, too, and think of what I am about to do. Mary in heaven. help me! But he is made of different stuff from me. I can and do trust his word, and when I think of all my troubles and when it seems that I cannot bear them the one comforting thought comes that no other woman will ever possess him?no other woman, no other woman. I am glad that my only comfort comes from him." "I hoped that I might have been Rome comfort to you. I have tried hard enough," said Jane, who was Jealous. "Oh, yes, my sweet Jane. You do comfort me. You are like a soothing balm to an aching pain." And she kissed the hands that held hers. This was all that modest little Jane required. She was content to be a humble balm and did not aspire to the dignity of an elixir. The girls then said their prayers In concert, and Mary gently wept herself to sleep. She lay dreaming and tossing nervously until sunrise, when she got up aud added more pages to her letter until I called to take It. I was on hand soon after the Tower gates had opened and was permitted to see Brandon at once. He read Mary's letter and acted like every other lover since love letters first began. He was quick to uote the absence of the longed for but not expected assurance, and when he did not see it went straight to the point "She lias promised to marry the Irfmr tn nnrrOinep mv 1ifp_ Tfl that not true?" "I hope not," I answered evasively. "I have seen very little of her, and she has said nothing; about it" "You are evading my question, I Bee. Do you know uothing of it?" "Nothing," 1 replied, telling an unnecessary lie. "Caskoden, you are either a liar or a blockhead." "Make it u liar, Brandon," said I, laughingly, for I was sure of my place in his heart and knew that he meant no offense. 1 never doubt a friend. One would better be trustful of ninety-nine friends who are false than doubtful of one who is true. Suspicion and superseusitiveness are at once the badge and the bane of a little soul. I did not leave the Tower until noon, and Brandon's pardon had been delivered to him before I left. He was glad that the first news of it had come from Mary. He naturally expected his liberty at once, and when told that he was to be honorably detained for a short time turned to me and said: "I suppose they ?rp afraid to let me out until she is off for France. King Henry flatters me.' I looked out of the window up Tower street and said nothing. When I left. I took a letter to Mary, which plainly told her he had divined it all. and she wrote a tear stained answer. begging him to forgive her for having saved his life at a cost greater than her own. For several days I was kept busy carrying letters from Greenwich to the Tower and back again, but soon letters ceased to satisfy Mary, and she made up her mind that she must see him. Nothing else would do. She must not could not and, in short would not go another day without seeing him?no, not another hour. Jane and I opposed her all we could, but the best we could accomplish was to induce her for Brandon's sake?for she was beginning to see that he was the one who had to suffer for her Indiscretions ? to ask Henry's permission, and if he refused, then try some other way. To determine was to act with Mary, so off she went without delay to hunt the king. GHTHOOD? FLOWER ! P<? and Mary Tudor, the King's Sister, and '*? list Majesty King Henry the Eighth tj? odeni English From Sir Edwin M [CHARLES MAJOR] * ? Btnoen-McrrQi Company B tafc'ng jane and ine along as escort How full we were of Important business as we scurried along the corridors, one on each side of Mary, all talking excitedly at once! When anything was to be done, it always required three of us to do it. We found the king, and without any prelude Mary proffered her request Of course It was refused. Mary pouted and was getting ready for an outburst when Wolsey spoke up: "With your majesty's gracious permission, I would subscribe to the petition of the princess She has been good enough to give her promise in the matter of so much importance to us, and in so small a thing as this I hope you may see your way clear toward favoring her. The Interview will be the last and may help to make her duty easier." Mary gave the cardinal a fleeting glance from her lustrous eyes full of surprise and gratitude and as speaking as a book. Henry looked from one to the other of us for a moment and broke Into a boisterous laugh. "Oh, I don't care, so that you keep It a secret. The old king will never know. We can hurry up the marriage. He Is getting too much already?400.OuO crowns and a girl like you. He cannot complain if he have an heir. It would be a good joke on the miserly old dotard, but better on 'Ce Gros Garcou.'" Marj* sprang from her chair with a cry of rage. "You brute! Do yon think I am as vile as you because 1 have the misfortune to be your sister, or that Charles Brandon Is like you simply because he is a man?" Henry laughed, his health at that time being too good for him to be ill natured. He had all he wanted out of his sister, so her outbursts amused him. Mary hurriedly left the king and walked back to uer room, nnea wuu shame ami rage, feelings actively stimulated by Jane, who was equally indignant, Henry had noticed Jane's frown, but had laughed at her and had tried to catch and kiss her as she left, but she struggled away from him and fled with a speed worthy of the cause. This Insulting suggestion put a stop to Mary's visit to the Tower more effectually than any refusal couULdiave done, and she eat down to pour forth her soul's indignation In a letter. She remained at home then, but saw Brandon later, and to good purpose, as I believe, although I am not sure about It even to this day. I took this letter to Brandon along with Mary's miniature?the one that had been painted for Charles of Germany. but hud never been given?and a curl of her hair, and It looked as if this was all he would ever possess of her. De Longueville heard of Henry's brutal consent that Mary might see Brandon, and, with a Frenchman's belief in woman's depravity, was exceedingly anxious to keep them apart. To this end he requested that a member of Lds own retinue be placed near Brandon. To this Henry readily consented, and there was an end to even the letter writing. Opportunities increase in value doubly fast as they drift behind us, and now that the princess could not see Brandon or even write to him she regretted with her whole soul that she had not gone to the Tower when she had permission, regardless of what any one would say or think. Mary was imperious and impatient by nature, but upon rare and urgent occasions could employ the very smoothest sort of finesse. Henry's brutal selfishness in forcing upon her the French marriage, together with his cruel condemnation of Brandon and his vile insinuations against herself, had driven nearly every spark of affection for her brother from her heart. But she felt that she might feign an affection she did not feel, and that what she so wanted would be cheap at the price. Cheap? It would be cheap at the cost of her immortal soul. Cheap? What she wanted was life's condensed sweets?the man she loved?and what she wanted to escape was life's distilled bitterness?marriage with a man she loatueu. isone DUt a pure woman can kuow the torture of that. I saw this whole disastrous campaign from start to finish. Mary began with a wide flank movement conducted under masked batteries and skillfully executed. She sighed over her troubles and cried a great deal, but told the king he had been such a dear, kind brother to her that she would gladly do anything to please him and advance lils interests. She said it would be torture to live with that old creature. King Louis, but she would do It willingly to help her handsome brother, no matter how much she might suffer. The king laughed and said: "Poor old Lonis! What about him? What about his suffering? lie thinks he is making such a fine bargain, but the Lord pity him when he has my little sister in his side for a thorn. He had better empioy some energetic soul to prick him with needles and bodkins, tor I think there is more power for disturbance in this little body than in any other equal amount of space in all the universe. You will furnish him all the trouble he wants, won't you sister?" "I shall try," said the princess demurely, perfectly willing to obey in everything. "DevIT a doubt of that, and you wil succeed, too, or my crown's a stew pan." And he laughed at the huge joki he was about to perpetrate on his poo old royal brother. It would seem that the tremendoui dose of flattery administered by Mar] would have been so plainly self Inter ested as to alarm the dullest percep tion, but Henry's vanity was so dens* and his appetite for flattery so greu that he accepted It all without sus picion, and it made him quite aSfabh and gracious. Mary kept up her show of affectloi and docile obedience for a week or tw< until she thought Henry's suspicion) were allayed, and tiien, arter uavmf done enough petting and fondling, at she thought, to start the earth ltseli a-moving-as some men are foollsl enough to say It really does?she begai the attack direct by putting her arrni about the king's neck and piteouslj begging him not to sacrifice her wholt life by sending her to France. Her pathetic, soul charged appea might have softened the heart of Callg ula himself, but Henry was not evei cruel. He was simply an animal sc absorbed In himself that be could nol feel for others. "Oh. It is out at -last!" he said witt n laugh. "I thought all this sweetnesf must have been for something. So tin lady wants her Brandon and doesn'l want her I.ouis. yet is willing to obej her dear, kind brother? Well, we'll take her at her word and let her obey You may as well understand, once and for nil. that you are to go to France You promised to go decently If I would not cut off that fellow's head, and now 1 tell you that if I hear another whim per iroui you uii u culuco, uuu juu ?m go to France too." This brought Mary to terms quickly euougli. It touched her one vulnerable snot?her love. "I will po: I promise It again. You Mi-ill never hear another word that no harm shall come to him?to him." And she put her hands over her face to concon I her teal's as she softly wept. "The day you sail for France Brunrlon shall po free and shall again have his old post at court I like the fellow as n good companion, and really believe you are more to blame than he." "I am all to blame, and am ready thlc day to pay the penalty. 1 am at your disposal to po when and where you choose." answered Mary most pathetically Poor, fair Proserpina, with no kind mother Deuieter to help her. The ground will soon open, and Pluto will have his bride. That evening Cavendish took me aside and said bis master, Wolsey, wished to speak to me privately at a convenient opportunity. So when the bishop left his card table an hour later I threw myself In his way. He spoke gayly to me. and we walked down the oem In nrm I pnilM nnt Itll VUl 1 iUUt ?? uj iu U4 UJ. vvw*? nglne w!mt was wanted, but presently It came out: "My dear Caskoden"?had I been one for whom be could have bad any use 1 should have grown suspicious?"my dear Caskoden, I know I can trust you; especially when that which I have to say Is for the happiness of your friends. I am sure you will never name me In connection with the suggestion I am about to make, and will use the thought only as your own." I did not know what was coming, but gave him the strongest assurance of my trustworthiness. "It Is this: Louis of Prance is little better than a dead man. King Henry, perhaps. Is not fully aware of this, and if he Is he has never considered the probability of his speedy death. The thought occurred to me that although the princess cannot dissuade her brother from this marriage, she may be able. In view of her ready and cheerful com pliance, to extract some virtue out ol her sore necessity and Induce him tc promise that In case of the death cl Louis she herself shall choose her second husband." "My lord." I replied, quickly grasping the point. "It is small wonder you rult this land. Tou have both brain and heart." "I thank you. Sir Edwin, and hope that both may always be at the serv Ice of you and your friends." I gave the suggestion to Mary as mj own. recommending that she proffei her request to the king In the presena of Wolsey. and. although she had Ilttl* faith or hope, she determined to try. Within a day or two an opportunity offered, and she said to Henry: "I an ready to go to France any time yoi wish, and shall do It decently and will Ingly. but if I do so much for you brother, you might at least promise me that when King Louis Is dead 1 may marry whomsoever I wish. H< ' II probably live forever, but let m< have at least that hope to give me wbai cheer It may while I suffer." The ever present Wolsey, who wai standing near and heard Mary's petition, Interposed: "Let me add my prayer to that of her highness. We mnsl give her her own way In something." TO BE CONTINUED. Ancient Table Manners. A description of a dinner given lr 1350 shows that there has been a vas' Improvement In tnble manners sinc< then. As a rule, one knife had to serv< for two people, and often a bowl ol soup was used by two persons. Foi this reason the party giving the din ner arranged his guests In couples, try lng to place people together who wouk be congenial and not adverse to thh common use of table appointments. Spoons were seldom supplied to tb< guests, and the soup was drunk di rectly from the bowl, the latter usually having side handles by which it was held. In less refined company then were no separate soup bowls, only on< large porringer, which was passe< around to the guests in turn. Thi diners he'ped themselves to the plecei of meat they desired from the commoi dish with their fingers. Napkins were considered a luxury and were only provided in very aria tocratic and wealthy families.- ~~ : m\ up : BUCK'S lift 1 ' Where the Banner of Presby I terianism Was Planted B] Pioneers j ? CRADLE OF RELIGIOUS LIBERT: > _ ' Dr. Joseph Alexander, the First Pastor and His Successors?Comprehensivi Survey of a History That Refiecti j Credit Upon Its Makers, and Honoi , Upon Their Successors, j By Col. James L. Strain. ' About the year 1750 the tide of irm ' migration brought from Pennsylvania? lot of Scotch, Scotch-Irish, Irish anc ' Welsh people, who settled In York " Chester and Fairfield counties. Man] 1 of them settled In Western York ir ' the Bullock's creek valley, and seo tlons contiguous to and along Broad River, as well as other portions of th< county. ' By the year 1765 there were severa strong settlements of Presbyteriar families In the different sections, anc . it Is natural to conclude that these people would seek ministers from the j section whence they came and of the same religious persuasion, j First we find Rev. Azel Roe and Rev , John Chase, who It seems were sent tc upper South Carolina and the adjoinI Ing counties of North Carolina to spenc a season and do what missionary wori they could among those destitute peo, pie. Timso ninneer ministers organized or the waters of Bullock's creek twc , churches?one near Its mouth where 11 I empties Into Broad river and the othei near the? lyead waters. These the> called respectively Dan and Beersheba Afterwards the congregation concluded > to chang^the name of the former tc "BullocMHrneek." which name It re? tains to day. The only elder of whom we can at i this time find any account was Captalr William Jamieson, who commanded s i company lb the Revolutionary war ir General Sumter's command. He lived to be fully 100 years old. Rev. Aze! I Roe was born on Long Island. N. Y. I -md graduated at Princeton, N. J., ir 1750, ?nd -was licensed to preach Ir 1759 or 1760. K^v?<a^fi>nrtmsiastle ardent patriot, and took sides with his country against Great Britain ir the war of the Revolution. When New Jersey wasj)ver-run by the British ir ' 1776 he was captured and taken to New 1 York city as; a prisoner, and confined In the old "Sugar house." Tradltior says of him, that while en route the prisoners and their guard had to cross a stream of water that was pretty deep The officer In charge of the prisoners from some cause had formed quite an attachment for Rev. Mr. Roe and pro> posed to carry him over the stream or his back, to which Roe consented. When about half way across the stream Mr. Roe said to his captor I "Well, sir, you can say now, if you couldn't before, that you were once nrUot.rMdon " This verv much amus ed the officer, who thought he would get the Joke on him by dropping the preacher In the water and then saying to him, "Well, sir, you are the first Presbyterian minister I ever immersed." But -he didn't do it. f Mr. Roe's history was national as well as local. The next morning aftei reaching his New York prison house Mr. Roe's breakfast was sent to him by the father of Washington Irving Whether Mr. Roe and his friends ever realized the far-reaching results | of his labors in South Carolina, we are unable to say. But we should nevei overlook the mustard seeds of history for tradition is that Bullock's Creek ' Beersheba, Bethesda and Bethel were : all organized near the same timeabout the years 1765 to 1769. Of Rev Mr. Chase we can find nothing furthei than hereinbefore stated. To be a Presbyterian in those days was to be a Whig and the four B's? Bullock's Creek, Beersheba, Bethesda and Bethel, with their strong interlaced congregations stood like grim sentinels upon the four corners of the territorj r now comprising York county. Thess churches were the Mizpahs where th( ( patriots rallied for the struggle ol Hanging Rock, and the pursuit of th< infamous Huck at Brattonsville, anc * to join the lion-hearted Williams at | King's Mountain and brave Morgan ai Cowpens or to follow the Swamp Foj j into the lagoons of the Pee Dee. t? 1774 Tnoanh alovnnripr US sumed the pastorate of Bullock's Creel" , church. His history, too, Is closely allied with that of the American Revo, lution. In fact they are largely one anc t the same so far as the purpose of this sketch is concerned. Enough Is knowr to justify the conclusion that Bullock's Creek was amongst the first places o public worship established In this par l of the country. t Its first regular pastor of whom w< > can get any definite information, was ; Rev. Joseph Alexander, D. D., a nativi f of Pennsylvania, and a graduate o f Princeton, N. J., in the year 1760. H( . was licensed by the presbytery o . Newcastle in 1767 and was appointes 1 by the synod of New York and Penn 3 sylvania to visit Virginia, the Carolina and Georgia, and as far as possible ts 3 supply the vacancies in that unoccu . pied territory. On the 11th of Oct. f 1777 he met the presbytery of Hanove 3 and produced his testimonials, am > having accepted a call from Suga i Creek, North Carolina, he was ordain I ed at Buffalo, Guilford county, N. C. ? by the presbytery which met to instal 3 Rev. David Caldwell, March 4, 1768. Ii l May following. Rev. Caldwell installei him pastor of Sugar Creek, where hi , remained until he took charge of Bui - lock's Creek, in York district, (thei Camden) in 1774. < Rev. Dr. Alexander was a man of fine education and commanding talent; an animated speaker and withal reverr enced as a teacher of the youth, and . his influence extended far beyond the k bounds of his own charge. He greatly aided the destitute sections around him?one of which was Salem, in Union county, where the seeds of Presby? terianism were planted from which ' sprang Salem church. Mr. Alexander was an ardent, conscientious, fearless patriot. He felt the r wrongs imposed upon his country by Great Britain and did not scruple to advocate its cause both in public and >, private. He therefore became obnox ? lous 10 inose wno iavoreu r>riiiaii a.u, thorlty, but he had the confidence and r support of his followers, who carried their guns with them to defend him and themselves during their religious services. His preaching and teaching especially prepared men for the duties 1 devolving upon them. A number of 1 those he taught here as well as at ? Waxhaw entered Mount Zlon college r at Winnsboro, and became ministers of 1 the gospel. On March 26, 1784, Bullock's Creek ' church was Incorporated under the } name of the Presbyterian or Congregational church on Bullock's creek In 1 Camden district. (See Statutes, Vol. 1 vlll, page 126). ' Dr. Alexander was a lame man. He ! was a small man?perhaps did not i weigh over *^5 or 120 pounds, If that much. But he was as brave as a lion and was ever ready to defend the cause of his Master as well as that of his * country. From all we can gather, he BULLOCK'S'EREEXJ^ I was somewhat like the Apostle Paul, In that he believed he could do all things through Christ?who strength( ened him. His highly cultivated mind, professional zeal and patriotic ardor found ample scope for successful development under the mighty causes then at work, to stamp upon the American mind Its permanent character. Young Alexander caught the Inspiration and soon became a prominent factor?a ' powerful preacher, and an earnest remonstrant against the tyrannical measures, at that day sought to be enforc( ed by Great Britain upon the American colonies. While he was In the midst of his work elsewhere, surrounded by every kind of circumstances calculated to make him comfortable, the cry came to his ears from vacant churches from all over the southern country. He could resist the "Macedonian cry" no longer and in obedience to the calls ! of duty yielding the pleasant and 1 flourishing fields to other hands he ' came with his family to South Caro1 Una and settled in Bullock's Creek congTegauun. ! He at once assumed pastoral charge and entered upon his duties. Practl cally, he found himself surrounded ' with a moral waste, stretching in ev' ery direction over an immense area, with here and there the cabin of the pious Pennsylvanian or the ScotchIrish Presbyterian. From these Bethels in the wilderness the dally prayer ' had come up in remembrance before God and in answer tne dawn of the gospel day was now breaking upon the ' darkness, which had so long enveloped ' the Broad river valley. Like Paul at ' Athens the newly arrived minister felt i nis spirit stirred within him as he sur! veyed the wild and rugged field he had f undertaken to cultivate. i All his resources were taxed to meet ' the exigencies of his people, but faith^ fully and implicitly confiding in the t pledges of his Master whom he served, c and sustained and .encouraged by the hearty co-operation of the few pious " families, whose urgent appeals had c brought him amongst them, his work, for a time, advanced with slow, but steady progress in the tract of country 1 he then occupied. The forest abound3 ed with game and the streams with i fish. 3 Luxuriant grasses clothed the hills, f and almost impenetrable cane-breaks t darkened the creek and river lowlands. Hence with the exception of the labor i required to cultivate a few acres piaiu3 ed in corn and wheat, to supply bread i for the family, and a patch planted in f tobacco and one in Indigo to procure a e few dollars to meet the family expenses, f the settlers along Broad river and its i tributaries, composing what was then - called Bullock's Creek congregation, s passed their time in "inglorious ease." 3 Meanwhile the cultivation of the mind - and the importance of subjecting the ., moral and religious elements of their r nature to the transforming power of 1 the gospel, seemed to be matters upon r which but few had bestowed any prac tlcal thought. ? This state of affairs made it neces1 sary for Mr. Alexander to undergo 1mi mense labor in bringing the scatteri ed materials upon which he had to ope erate, within his ministerial influence, - and no one who properly appreciates i the unyielding power of inveterate habit, fortified by the hostility of the human heart to the offices of religion but will at once admit that nothing short of Divine wisdom and power could have directed and crotvned his efforts with success. To win this class to virtue and religion, he must first conciliate their attachment to himself, which he accomplished after a time by means of family visitation. The familiar and friendly intercourse established in this way between himself and his thoughtless parishioners, soon won him their regard, and secured willing ears to such suggestions as he chose to make on the subject of religion, while he sat by their firesides encircled by a listening household. With such treatment of his people it was not long until he had the satisfaction of looking out from his pulpit on a Sabbath morning and seeing first one, then another and then a third, and so on of the families upon whom he had thus bestowed his attentions and his pravers, entering the church and fearful of attracting the attention of the congregation, seating themselves in the nearest vacancy to listen to the preaching of the word of God. From witnessing the fruits of this apostolic measure, Mr. Alexander was encouraged to ply his energies with an industry so untiring that in due time a crowded audience thronged the church and gave evidence of their appreciation of the gospel in his mouth, by a profession of their faith in Christ, anu an exiiiuiuun ui Liitr nulla in liiai faith in their godly lives. Thus, under the early ministry of Rev. Mr. Alexander was a church al?r" -'.r HflH-JT;V- ?^P^I tESEYTERIAN CHURCH. tar erected in Bullock's Creek congregation. and a flame kindled upon it which has never ceased to give forth its light through all the cnanges of one and a half centuries. It was while Dr. Alexander was at work here that he organized Nazareth church in Spartanburg county, and Salem in Union county, (then Ninety Six). His ministry contributed greatly to advance the cause of Christ and further the interests of our national independence. So long as he was able to serve Ihe church in the ministry, he was careful to employ a portion of his time in fostering the growth of family religion, by visiting from house to house throughout his congregation; conversing with the heads of families, interesting the youth and children of the household, and uniting with them in prayer for Divine blessing. He also conducted a eateohistical examination in the several quarters of the congregation at stated periods, in which both old and young were required to take a part and show their knowledge of Divine truth and their experience and progress in practical religion. These wisely directed labors were productive of much good. The congregation advanced in Bible knowledge; the pastor and elders were cheered with frequent and large accessions to the communion of the church from the youth, under their joint care and instruction; aijd the several churches in charge "Of this beloved minister became vigorous and flourishing branches of the "True Vine," cloth ed in beauteous foliage, and laden with the fruits of righteousness. During the lapse of twenty-seven years, embracing the period of the Revolutionary war, Dr. Alexander continued to serve this (with other churches) which his labors had been blessed in planting ana ouiiamg up, unui wmim a few years of his death when infirmity and old age forced him to give up his pastoral charge, and rest from his ministerial labors. During the twenty-seven years of Dr. Alexander's ministry at Bullock's Creek he baptized eleven adults and 753 infants. It was said by men who grew up under the ministry of Dr. Alexander that his style of preaching was bold and pungent, making the understanding captive to the demonstration of the truth, and the appeals with which he was wont to close his sermons were like a storm scattering in fragments the strongholds in which sin and impenitence seek shelter and repose. To the services of this g^od man we might add that he was a earless patriot. Of such an ardent type was his patriotism that from the day the Stamp Act and Boston Port bills passed the British parliament until the smoke vanished from the last gun fired in defence of American independence, the glowing fires of his truly American heart burned with intenseness in his conversation, and with the force ol lightning from the pulpit, on suitable occasions. He drew the picture of his country's wrongs and in the name of liberty, humanity and religion summoned her sons to the rescue. His unfaltering and spirited hostility to British tyranny and Tory ascendancy procured for him a prominence that frequently imperilled his property, his person, and the regular exercise of his professional functions. With iMr ' ture deliberation he had transferred his A ' temporal all on board the ship of the Hi* 1 Revolution and resolved to sh^e hiag ' 9 country's fortunes, and with hei^LU jfts1 IB sink or swim, live or die. JlH In the dark days of Carolina's pros-SH*: pects, when British and Tory ascend- Kir ancy hung like a pall over her sk from the seaboard to the mountains, sofjfe'1 fierce was the storm that raged aroundjp^ '|9 the partisan preacher, and so deepwaa^ ;Jfl the hold he had on the affections of $7 /JjH his peop';, that the few men and boys^?' H 1 of Bullock's Creek, not already in mll-? , itary service, repaired to the church on|j-' I 1 Sabbath mornings with their guns irifj H their hands, and stationing themselve^J around the church guarded theirnjlbjjte Ister and worshippinfp*a^M0HpfflMi94l^^^| while he preached to them the eveM# H lasting gospel of the Son of God. fr Ah. what a priceless gem is our llbJ.V^aBjjMM erty when we consider what it ha^'; cost! |ijr n The very spot where the church now stands has been sanctified by the bldomH^K^En of heroes?heroes of the cross as WSlHX 1 as of the battlefield. Often have heard it spoken of by the old people. who were more or less well informe^S;, of these facts and who told it w1tVqHfl|^H^| tears in their eyes?an impresslvenesg more forcible than words?the price It; cost to place in our hands the Charter |HNH of Liberty, with the unchallenged right to worship the God of our fathers according to the sanction of the Bible and the dictates of our own con-j J sciences. ' *5 Emerging from the Revolutionary war South Carolina presented an as- 'ft pect calculated to awaken the tender- -.flHT- ? est sympathy of the human heart Her farms and plantations wenjji*^|tetc<L^^^yg^|| Her workshops, academies and houses that had escaped the vandal's ouch were left to silence and decay. T jpfsfl The sires and sons, mothers and I . j '.aughters who had survived the awful ^ .arnage and privations Incident upon r&dI 'he war were reduced to poverty. The plough-share of devastation had rup'urei all the resources of her former prosperity. But thanks to Heaven, over this dreary disaster the voice of nJ^^^A Liberty and Independence rung with a. I restorative power and wakened into /. life and activity the Intellectual, the / moral and the physical energies of all classes to the noble work of repairand^S^f^^B In 1787 or 1788 Dr. Alexander opened a classical school near his owrt real*^ {' dence, situated a short distance west,, of Bullock's Creek church and In a few . months the Infant seminary wag w&'tj thronged with young men from his "f- * own and adjoining districts. For11 a number of years he continued to <js- V:j charge the duties of precepUMMBj^h ^Jjj^ eminent abTTTTyr and lie"IiaSTn^5u^^^ir^-^H faction li. after days to see many of his ~ pupils in stations of honor, and use- , * * fulness, as clergymen, physician^ Jur- . ; ^ ists and statesmen. Many Presbyterian ministers, who - y ^ from the beginning of the last century \-,*j until the time of their death contrlbut- ' ' ed so largely to give strength and ex- f tension to that arm of the church In' jf York and the neighboring counties, were Indebted to hlin, not only for their academical training but for early attainments In theology?y W The late Governor Johnson, furnrMi- f A* J es a specimen of the solid stamp of true South Carolina character and- ear- . ly scholarship, with which he and Jfi many others of Dr. Alexander's pupils during the period of a long life, wpre p ' A permitted to adorn and benefit the i] M south and society. Governor Johnson / / entertained the highest regard for Ids .* . venerated preceptor and spoke wit^"^^^^J pride of his academy in the Bullock's Creek forest. From the descendants of some of the old men of Bullock's Creek g, j t* congregation, who grew up under the *-j 4 ministry of Dr. Alexander. id who * were true and tried men we have had i !; the opportunity of forming a tolerably .ijscorrect estimate of the mighty results which accrued both to the church agfl the state from the labors of ap en- '*! Njj lightened and faithful gospel ministry. 1 The religion, the morality, the patriotIsm and the solid commonsensenmj^^^^yj ims of the Bible had'T^enbWGghtTr^'^^M bear with steady and formative lnflu- , ence upon the youthful minds in the congregations, with whose origin, progress and Interests the greater part of Dr. Alexander's life had been identllied, and the result was that a gendration of men grew up and matured under his plastic economy wboee worth to their country as soldiers and I -^Hj as citizens is beyond our power of I comprehension. What a grand people! f H What they were upon the fleld of bat- K tie we have but part'.ally learned-iM^^A^^^H the historian; of the scars which they carried on their persons, and the recital from their own lips of the'many * scores of mortal strifes through which .? they passed, we know comparatively ; little. But what they were as men ' " wl and as citizens we know for we have > looked upon their labors asd liver-g^V jK which they passed with noble before our ^ To the authority of God in they reverence, believed, and in duties^^^^^^^^^^^^^f The family altar, the the house were their hearts. a commentary on purity the of Rev. Joseph Alexander, D. D., his on 1809, in the se^eatiyfSurth yeai^^^^^^^^H age. He wa/" burled in the gra0,C at Bulled^ Creek. A simple stone slab, taken from the quarry, was placed at his grave his name, age and date of his deathB^^^^^^^I scribed on Smith, Creek his