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NmNN VOL. III.] WINNSBOR10, S. C., TOUM NOVEMBER 6, 1866., 121 A Quest IIetitRepdtblio, A 'cor+empondent of the Liondon 1,era? gIvde an Interetilng aouo1Mt of a vi4it to the little Republili of San Mritioin Auiast. He aBys : "It Is 9pbcially singular that this little Territory, containing only about eight thou. Faihd' inhabitant4, siould havo remained int4ot for iore lian fifteen cdhourio?, and th4 now,. while all its powerful neighbors have beome morged into one great state, this tiny Republic should bthe sole por. tion of Italian @oil possesing a sbparate 'antonoISY- It was fodWedd b-Ban Marino. who wi'a Uativq of Dawkia' andeime ovet au'd settd'in Rimini. onaftr.the pdteoutidda df the Christins bf the Em. Obtlor DloolotiaW commehoodi and fihd4mg that, t was m Pasible to remain fultiniihi, San riso, 1e his li1tt.etp'4' 9pt, fro'n theo city, and estalishod a Christiant colony at life suhnptit of .ire highest abldttmot rdigged tnountain in this part of the eotthtrf',.and which was at that limo prohkbly tmt'routaded by untrodd%n fbrest ; and frottheI,% dlay to tiu the little sta*te' thris fonniUed has re tnaineod sopera.te ditI'. di-tit, fror lbh neighboring eountrME. to "Ipumediaely ei got inothe opsa h Iry my driver pointed out tho mottataig og Man Marino, rising far abovo ill the hill in Its tidighborhood, and distant tvow Rimihl nearly fifbteen mile.. The road lcd aeross on gepdulating and very richtly oultiyated tutlry. The peasantsw wore* ettnged in pieking time grape harvest,- 10bi0h, by the way, is thIs year onod' 41h9 worst, ever known, from the extremub dryneurt of the early patof the ebason.- They were also iou tsei1.pjcking the maize; which forms so liportani an Ite of the Italian foratr's When aboutI es n4q fom. the moun la we et'o'Sed a 114t 'stream, and my drlver 1old tue Ihat awe were .now, ind he Repubtih,6f Ban Marltho. The'oiromtbfer 'n.e of t4 8t41e is,thirty-nine miles, tito Ulouta, or erag as it should b6 rathbt self, is e'ey where V* srtilq, 84dww i 5atiI5 ad~' its YSl is eqahliderbly Surrehlk .oualry, flrom IhqWse. of tasatIeb U' other advau .b r61 the tbbl -i ef among ni $hi* StaleO'W8aWMarItt ia it ibt -. hut' this se a rfv mime. iWVb the stea re hundqre4aIigat4. the body - w~*the Va.lb..The uniform ahie blune. tk,'fa.b- af th riallonal Utard are red, those of the body guard yellow. and of the band white. The national flag is blue and whito. The police is administered by a chief and fivo carbi. noers, whose uniform is dark blue, with white cress belts and gray trousers, and iR very similar to that qf the carbineers of the It4lian iervico. These five carbineers ato, of course; always on duty, and are regular. ly salaried.police. "In old times affairs were administered by a grand council, composed of the heads of all the fatmiliels in the state ; but this was found so large and cumbrous an assenmly, that In 1847 a'council was substituted of sixty members-twenty nobles, twenty citi. Aensaud twenty farmers or pedsants-who were chosen by the old assembly. Any va oancy that ooers ly death or otheiwiso in .the 'oouncil is filled up by new nembers chosen by themselves; consequently, the Olovernment is now rather oligarcia than demootatio In its character. Thirty membors riust-bl present to inake the mvoung a legal one. The council elects o reidtets, or, a's they are called 'opitani Itogenti,' every sit months. One presides over time upper village, the other o'er the loWer and the surroundiug country; 4tpresent sigilo Innocenti Bonelli is Cip tain Iegent of the city. #is tio upper village is called, and Amicalc Vita ke Captain it gent of the burgo. At the end of the six montihs, and before th's election of the new poresident is held, -thbre Is nn iqterrenuth of three daii, a 8ytilio during tihat tim'o; and during this.purlod any one is at: libbrly to impeauh the et presidents tor their'con t dbet during thoIr t'rm of office. ho'clco. tion of the presI nU isconduebed in the following tun ftb Lqx ' nane are ci osen by the edunbu, thi'tithes are written upon ,paori ahd,the pd4yQI1 1hen proceed to the ohurch, whre., after mass is colubl'ated ai special ptayei's offered ip, two tamos at draw bfa lot, sAd thee t,wo :are.tAe proidepis or tilj next six-wont ha. "T1oe0 Yg(irth8re Is a gra1As. seibte te heads1 of S e fAlilles of the Rpbli , ;ti h: anya pUrbI *a by the boun NW theoges' Mtate 'are paid, bt th e C ap tA%t eg o ts s a re a llow ed soven -a tylave flWalh for qftsens " durij 0*s a 4 ' ' Ir4_ a(tib 1.5dr-elod Nlft ffnof each lox co e potage, ex, The Comman. der-in-Uhlef of the army receives no pecu. niary consideratio,k for his services. The hig1hest paid o!litlai of the Republic arc tha midical men-the?b are two dtictors and one surgeon, who receN tW '' hundrted and Afty scuds, or thirteen itndred ntd fifty frintes, a year each. Thero are no doctors' biNl to pay in San N'Vauo; for this tounifi cint salary of fimy-four pdhnds a ymi coch tihe dbct:)rs roan- their sarvices grAeis to all tlie citiAins of the State; but if they are sent for oii of the two totixt thb paitionts havo'o provide conveyanco. 'Tlirevenue of tihe StaWdVbd'ild oxpera diture alike anmount to abbut %6,000 a year. Thip suid'leralised by plifils upoh tie sale 9f tobacco Mnd salt, bot1, a-h'Italy, State monopolibs, and by a vdr. minall tall u'bn time landed'piopriators. -hrc ri In ndi tion to'thl, *hich formis'fli ordinary bud16 get, the sum'of 18,000 FrAems a ych' palt( by the Italian Governmolt, aml which is used for making t'oads. aslitting the poor, giving aid in cases at lessos by fitm_orotlher misfortunee, nd repairing the public build Ings. Thissum Is paill be lio Itaiin Gov. erment f6r custom' dttlle. Of cotrse Stn Marinowould have hail a right to -have brodkhtiti gooda likfreo of duty, but,-this would have oqused so much di fficulty at tie italian oustom houses that lite Government agySed to pay iW&ead an anupl sIN'equal to tIme proportion' of titon dues which would be paid bf an eufil population of Italians. Thil surWas found upon calcu lation -to amount to eighteen thousand franos, Whtch sum accordingly tie Italian Government pays annually to San Marino. The lieablio is represented At all the for eign Caurts. At London and Paris their Ambassador is the Duke of Aquaviva. I presume that the duth ave not onerous. An oxpress train carried the twenty millions ofrthalers which forni' thp war itlemnity ,Awja.r.a must pay Prussia. The vil ammttit was paid in' silver. It was loaded by thme ton, ahd took twent,y men six duays to count :it. Teni olerks, twelve tellhers, aund thirty-six gendarmies accomnpanicil the train, Tlorj amst' conce with Ta or Jab{tso hegrssbaonpers wa on our Wiserii .prairite. ropaper sayaa when the .wind bew foftn 41heoutliWat:thef~ fly wiih ds*; Wh&nfromt eng other directinn'they 4 p i nplac#tut * lo?et#ot Ou .1C lt rnato safth try.f paeigandwil nt,resq#sed its adoptios by 9eLgsaue Did Shakspeare Wsiti' I In Tite Round 14o (New )lw t. 27, 1800, there is hn able of a work, entitled ' The Aut Shako. penre, by Nathaniol * hich work is wri.ten to prove tranOis B3acon, "the WiFtest, me$t great est of mankind," and not Blaks pearo, was the author, of Onder. fIu plays, the credit of *d for n(:nltly three c.atnries been erd to tIla :uter. The idep is s to be a novel oll., and it is liftlv.t * 'ork rpferred Lo. nray 3ren*i kk taton. The review in q1testior', MV*4 hoevOr can bring to itii (ihe -wO) al judicial frame of mind, AtA il de. void of prejudice and p , will 6nd mich lin the book tha alone deeply interesting, bht' *ill carry him a lung wvy tivio tioni." Some of the hoada b , ment are (1.) The two mah IivW sane tino and place. (2.) Oie oW to have been capablo of -wtitg flays, and the other suppoied, 6 ieapa hle as tleir pro4tiqtiotf by be re garded little less tiM 4 4 b. (3.) it som certain thiN thVt. plays piblished hi sfflpelAs: 'itt tlfe Own name, and' of #hich h ft tl, the author. As iakeihm "".lredi for his reputiatioh aS an a IT tre or ifer his retirenient from Ak , and we assume' Iacon: te have then, therp is every redke, h 4t! dosire his name 6 lei .fe of Shakame.date pr*iet6y fnue liv. pothpsibtht he L reIt -o thit'Bicil tead, iii in with ihe othvr hy*Tt I dI O R 1'a a pke ser *eEh 'and ' bAsdes amodg tild, higlbr clses; nreqlf subhi as Bacoft, the, most, nccomplisfihd'tIan, and mind-o' a great ts, is known, to - hive ps. F1ed, and'-ihan' an hIh1lb actor, not kinowi to have posmessed'any degree of IAing or scholarshaip,. should possoos sd6h as the plays exiibit, is, wonderful. Thil similarity bet.ween Ilacon's style a indI thiv qtyIi+ of the plitys i% remarkaile, an inig'anions collation of resemblan. CeS front the plays,-and Bacon's confen. sed writing, is presented in forcible ar'rpy.. 'Phn subhjct is othorwise ably handla, 4hd though- we are satisfied that IC ii .snacoptablo Cf b-arnI; and ing,ioi *r goniont it is not fikely that an add# onal fit am enl e g.9Wher,d, W I I9 0 i tfirow ligl)t upon the siihjhdt,' pnd the truth; wil reuihih inietaita cIGonjbo' Ihe fourth setiou of the lifopoed Conati. tuitional uamendmn .wiiidh~ aps'prts the "valditv of heio ptiblui debtqrtho Ji ted States,' tho PetersArg' AtI'i sayst: ,, We prosume thi id the first, occasion' ih hIstory in which i,is ;houghtnecosAry and proper .to incorporate in the funda inenwal- law of a pe-opll a solemn .la tiat they would pay their debts. view of the fact, which will not- be queftionet-d that it is inipossiblo to in creas.j by mich a measuko in any degree, ciher thO'legal or morr4l forco of the ob. ligation to pay, it will, we presume, be generally ah6itted that this .qopfession ofjtVdgnent, as the lawvqr would phrase it, was intended mareiy 'or that useful purpose, oxprssed by-thb inelegant J,ut ex pressi ve A mericanism-4ucomb,.. P.AP.R Mlrter.-In the Usited States there are 750 pk r tille in activ operatlop. h hpod, 0,0, poupdg toe would be wbrth' 7.000,000. Asbrequires about a pound aLd onle2ht. dt6#1e ade nepound of per, there arer aesued b thee sils 000,000 ponu of ragsel a aingIb year. If we, estima~te oost A cenut .r uts4, lh profit of $1 , ,0 ( ti U.t.d 4 -Couxsawusn Mdos..V flreotional 0urrea4r.~e~? at, the rdassuu ont u sontal a forjs4~u~ es t 0 lavs, -two hnr .pd *t;'v e tg. found to b 'oodn r5. R1ev. Qeo. Ermkine, a colored '1its ter who tas lived in Liberia for tv years, delivered a lecture in Kjnox% ,, a few days since; en6nradink the emio gration of the negroes from L)is ountry to Liberia. The climnte of Liboria; Ie said, was very similar to that of Louis. at and Georgia, and the soil was fully is rich in the production of corehle, cof fee and stugar, while tin, copper, gold, silver, platina and other metals abound in the moiutaita. 1Ho mentioned one native of S'onh' Onrolina iwhoe coffi-C crop last yea'r amouited to 240,000 pounds and nu'merous incidentq of the wealth and resources of the Republic. Th o'Vernment of [Aberia wa- anx ion to have th6colored peot& of the Iuitea Satos emigrate to teir cotuntry. 'or this purpose they orot a liberal hom6ptead to each emigrant; With the prlifge of locating wher4qr they ah6beb. They will also furnish them transportation free, from their pr66it hb"he to Liberia, and inrnish each fani. y a house, provisions and modicino for six pbnths after thoir Arrival. Mr. Erikine did not meet with much eneouragement from his brethren. the chief oppoqition ouming from the Meth. odist miniitepofthis own color. Ho infixrd hi- tilien' that they would 'ot soe their mit'ake-and inussted hwa Africa was the true hono of the Ilegroos. HOw To AVOID TIH COTTON TAx. 'ite last Congress laid a tax of three - rnt pound on the staple, which sesb paid hefore the cotton loaves Nje .ileesiM4 ditsict. But the tax is cot chargeable unIes the sotton is et $Wwsed fi*sd"er abiWPee -Row, ~ ta deVe thia.ts.is to mantfi. I Aun advantage A this, not only int%btaXof$15pe bale of aO00 pound 'f aied to the prodWer, but the manuthetured article will bring him twice hw monAy that the raw ma1terial will. 'the largest cloth manufacturer in Maryland, a- ian of pur Southern blood and liienge, said : 'Tell the people of thd SJklth that myanufactuting their own staple is the proper way to be revenged upon he Yankees. Nothing wilt bring the N'ew Englander to I.iq senses so speedily. By forming associations in ei'ery county, the planters have thus the' opport.nity of doing thenaelVe's, as-w.ell as the country, the greates aervice. Let them profit by the opportunit'v. lhe New York . kral says: . dombinations haVe already been fbtmed which render it certain that three !?nidates will be entere(d for the nog Presidential race. Til ultira 11adicals vill conoent?t on Chhhe, Rha will look for powerful aid from the trudibnal banks, Whose strenth is goat. and inaiing, ahd'whb'hhvd'already ied their p'asp upon sotib of the uioet important P'ede ritl'offtra in ,th 1coin .y- The conher vativ republicans and w'ai d-mbrats will unite'in uomtinhting Gbnera Grant,' ibles volen, an a; wi:l Stand with hil immense populairity, as the dohi6te of-the masses of the peop!e. 'Thd old copperheade wiftbring back the'i pet McCiellan, whl is iow in Ger ny studying tactici which he ought to lve learned before lib took donnand of th Union army, and will rR'tf'him again! "fr," said a firc li wyer:' "do you, on your solemn oat , declare t _is is not your. handwritin' "I'(eokon not," was the cool reply. "Does it resemble your hand*rting ?" "Y?s, sir, I think It don't." *"Do'yop swear that it don't resemble your writing ?'' "WeflI do, old besid." "You take your solemn oath that this writin doeed not reen%l your's iIta "Y-e4s,.sir." "Niowehowdeo "'Capke'I cant wiei' IaNohMiekg al el ohred ~ yraen' harng' les than ofs-quater~ Afrie blood,in their sashave bes. deelared by te.iOpu ze our.be wh(4anhaos arqe ptitle to sei. ADVIUtT1SN fATES. Ordinary advertisemncnts, occupying not more than ten lines. (one square,) will be iaserted ii TIE NEWS, at $1.00 for the first insertion and 7M cents for each sub se qioht n0etir' L-ger advqrlisernents, when no couiract ii' niade, will lie charged in exact propor tion. Fo announcing a candidaie t.ay. o64 of profit, honor or trust, $10.00. Marriage, Obitua'ry Not(es, V., IIIl 6 charged the anle a.s advertisements, vt4pn. over ten lines. fnd nust be. id,for whet( handed in, or they will not 91en Nosi:s.-The IIa:.dles to men's fAces. mny ho divided into four classes, thus. .Grkian, defioting anmiabifity of disposi. tion, equanimity oftenper, imagn'ition, patience in labor, .and resignation im Itibulation. Roman: imperiousness, conrage; prisenvt- of inind, nobleness o henrt. Cal or Tiger: cdnning, deceit,' rvveuge, obstinacy, and selfishness. Pag : imbecility of minin, and decisiolA of ciUa6ter. Of these t)lee are inl merablo grades'- the Grecig'n'.deseenda to the pug--the hoia to tlie.acquiline -but the cut or tiger is sWi fen'ris. The Grecian nose is tuost conlApieous in quiet scenes of life-in the study. The Roman, in spirit stirring scends-in1 war. Men of science often, aid of imagination always, have the Grec'01 nose. Daring soldiers and fearless a4; vi-nturers generally have die Roman. Every one knoWs what a png is. We do not euter into' *ny particulars of it, native formi her tfisands of them, and we regard them not. The Cat or Tiget nose : W hoever ha' the least imaging tion. will readily conce'Oe what we neann by this defrnition; it is a long, flatei h' nose, not unlike that of the animals fron whom we have borrowed the nam. Avoid men ,with such.nosos-they are deceitful friends and dangerous enemies, whether it suits whim or interest I IMPORTANCH oF ADYERTISING.-Il' a brief interview with one of our moat liberal patrons a few days since, we ingnired his experience of the policy of advertising. We regard his answer as noteworthy, and commend it to the consideration bf othArs. He said the sane kind of business in which he is engaged. ha4 been "rriud on at the, same stand' for ten years, by one, and nearly ten yeats Oi atiother _redecet tention to their business, and were sober and %ngal, but spen't nothing for adver tiUing. They were,.juat barely able to' el oft a living. ,That lie bought out the coneern ten yvars ago, and began 4ebtoF for the whole establishment. He btt poor, aid'ofily expended fifty dollars per annun in each of the business pa. pers the first yoar; tirat subsequently lie increased his egpenss to several thou. sand dollars annually ,r ad'vertising, and the resuft has dumonstraed its mar veloun utilltv, as lie -is t? day orth, $175,000, and his annual prof are constantly increasing. TMxAS AM.. OvE-Tui: SORTF' CONEDERATE SOL.Din.-The Rutlaud,' Texas, rpress tells the following: Onr friend Charlie WhiLte, gels off thme following on the "Chub.." As some of our readers may. not know what is daint by "Chubs," wo inform themn it was thme "nick-unnsine" given to Ector's B1rigadh,. Charle asrawn a pictdke of thir e~amp an( giards, one of whom is quietly seated on'a log,.svith. his giun ini pieces, claving it. While in this condition the officer of the day rode upr and accosted him thus:. "Are you on guard here sir, ?" Chub-"Well, l'am'sorter on'giard,' O.'6 D.-(Somowliat angry.)--"Well, I'm sorter officer of the day, sir ?" Chub4-: ublim6ly cool.)-" Well nibs2 ter, if yotif wait a &dilit 'ttll I get my gun toget ier, i'll give you a sorter s'luito." ., O.D.-(Eniraged.) If you'll wait a mini'till I geLa guard,' IIl'p6f, you ini 'a sotrof a guard-ilolso f"Now the,; Josepl,- parse cortilng,' said a teacher to a ratber slow boy., "Courting is an irregular transitive verb, indicative moods present tense thr r ,pdsnua nunbner, and "Well, but what does it agree with ?" demanded the teacher. "It ag*ees with-witt-ttAll the gal. in toten!" er claimed Joih The folldwhiugi fr6tn a lawyer, Is brima' ful of both witend"wlsdomn:' At a law club the dosident called on au: old lN'et to give a'it 4 toastTde,jer son whnhconid4%1,the bes# frie'ud' of t,be'piosipion.' "d~ertainl4," was the reapnse, 4the' man who makua hiia @wu wall"