University of South Carolina Libraries
TVOL. - 11. WNn- . Q . VOL. III.1 WINNS$OllO, S. 0,, T UESDAY, SEPTEMBER 11. 1866. 96. Ill 11TKI-'WEEKINENWS, 43 PUBLISIHED EVERY TUESDAY TI1URS IAY AND SATUIPDAY, By Gaillard, Desportes & Co. ll Winnaboro,'S. C., at $6.00 per an nvin), in advance. THE FAIRFIELD HERALD, PUBLISHED EVE WEDNESDAY MORN INO, AT $Ak.ER ANNUM. -P0OBTRT. "THE LONG AGO." The author of the exquisite poem pub lished below is generally unknown. Ilis name has esoa ed our memory, but we re member that he was the editor of setne obscure paper in Toxas, and about fivoyears sinoo was killed by a steamboat explosion on the Mississippi river. Poor fellow, he had the "yision and fiaclty divino whatever his nane may have been on earth: Oh I a wonderful is the river of Time, As it runs I bkrough'the realm of tears, with a faultless ryt hm. and a musical rhyme, And a 'broader sweep, and a surge sublime, And blends with the .ocean of years! Mow tho winters aro' drifting like flakes of snow, And the summers like budj between, And the ears in the sheaf-so they come and ,they go, On the river's breast, with its ebb and flow, As it glides ka the shailow and sheen-i There's a magical Isle in the river of Time, Where the softegt of airs are playing; There's a cloudless sky, and a tropical clime And the Junes with the roses arestaying. And the name of this Isle is Long Ago; And we bury our treasures there There's a lute uuswept, aiud a harp without strings, There are broken vows and pieces of rings, And the garments she used to wear. There are hands that are waved when the fairy shore, By the image is lifted in air, And we sometimes hear -thro' the turbulent roar, Sweet voices heard In -the days gone before, When the wind down the river is ftir. Oh I remembered for aye, be that blessed Isle, - All the day of life till night; When the evening comes with its beautiful smile, And our eyes are closing to slumber awhilot Miay thatl"greenwoof soulbe In sight.' THEGOVEAINOR'SS_I _ [cOONOLUDZD.] Since your adjournment in December lant, the Court of Errors in this State have, with a single dissenting opini q, declared the Stay Law and all amendm ts thereto un constitutional, This decision has produced restiveness and dissatisfaction in many parts of the State. Public meetings have been hold in several di'stricts, and the Lo. gislat4ro has been appealed to, to 'furnish some protection to -the debtor class, ' who anticipate general sticing In the fall term of the Cour's. After a careful examination of the opin ion of,the able and learned Chief-Justice, as well as of.hor authorities, I feel it my duty to say that I cdincur fully in the opinion of the Court. and believe that their exposition of the -constitutional question is unanswor able. ,The people of South Carolina h';ve been proverbially law abiding; and when an archy keignod supreme, after the fall of the Confederacy, lawlessness. was universally discouraged by the better classes In every community. Now, when civIl latw is res tored and we are remittedi to our own laws and Courts to, grotect rights and retdress wrongs, surely nlo oitizon of good rbpute will advise tumult and viloon'oe against the solemn udgment of the highest judiolal tri bunal li th' tate. Ja view of t)e oircumstanoes surround'. Ing us--when it Is remembered that the StSto has just emerged from a long and dis aetr9ua war, in whioh not 'only her sons but her r4sources were prodigally bestowed; thatour b'aks'have been- detroyed;. that, mere than three hundred millions of pro perty haeve bosen anudihilated; that all the fqnntains of credit and property hate been *broken up;. that our systemn of labor hae been toroughlydisorganised ; that the re fresking'and~ revivifying showers have been withhkald .from a' parehed and exhausted soil, ~.d that want,, if-not famine, will keep ghosl 'ighls i mausion and ip hovel, when Is I remembered that nearly all of the merchant. of the 'State have been able to -oomspromise their indebtedness to Northern merchant. on the rpaost,liberal terms-sure ly, the creditor clase will practice forbear ance and give their debtoro still ftarther in dulgenee. 'Ifocompelled to enforce collee tions, they should, In the same fair and liberal spirit, make eonspromises with deb tors, seas not to drive thema and their fanii lies from home, klndi-e1l and friends. * ' The existin'g embarrassnients growing out of the indebtedness of the contry will, like other evils, prodnee boveoiodi results, Debtors will find it to their lineret to make hnal. adjustnment of, their :debts, even .tho~g they are ospelled: to surrender s ti~ooty.. As long as their debt.sresa 'ain, Itpres6 will be accusuislting to enii sainatoin ore disa'stsats bankruptoy. If they surrend,er t property,gzew, to re difors, they uaa e tir ooongattens antdlaborwitheha 'u -.kowl*g 4b 1V1t6 his oreditorq has he inI~ of g ling the veriest Shilook to accept fair terms, or exclude him in all share of his estate by assignment, giving liberal oreditors the pre. ference, or by voluntary confession of judg ment. Belleving that no Stay Law can be pass. ed, embracing antecedent debts, that will not conflict with that ch4use of the Consti. tution of the United States which declares that "no State shall pass any law impairing the obligations of contracts,". I respectfully recommend fot' your considoration for the relief of debtors : 1st. That imprisonment for debt, on niesne and final process be abolished, except in caso of fraud; and then, as a punish 'ment for the crimo rather than as a means of enforoing payment. of the debt. 2. That no cost be taxed against a defend ent, either for the officers of the Court on for the Attorney. 3. That the.lusolvent Debtor's Laws be so extended as that any debtor may, by pe tition, after due notice, summon in all his creditors, and upon assigning his estate and effeets for their benetit; be discharged from all further liability, not only to sucing but to all othr creditors. Being thus relieved from the in mubus r6sting on him, the honest and enterprising.debtor will go to work with alacrity and prove himself a useful member to sobiety. The Congress of the United States has authority, under the Constitution, to pass uniform laws of bankruptcy ; but there is no prohibition upon the States, and as Con gress has not, exerciEed the authority date. gated to them, the rtato may, with great propriety pasp such laws-and they will continue of force, until Congress adopts a general bankrupta ot-,which would super codi all State legislation on the subject. The leneral Bankrupt Act of 1841, pass ed by the Congress of the United States, extended its provisions to antecedent debts, and its constitutionality was not controvert ed by the Courts. No constitutional ob stacle, therefore,Aould precludo the Gene ral Assembly frWi incorporating the same feature in their legislature. . It is proper here to remark, that i(a Stqy l%w cond lj e paasd wiloh. ould be freo from oll ;onstitution1l ijection, It -would not. protect -debtors from suit in tho Federal eourts. A oreditor resiting in the State who had determined to enforce the payment of his debt, could readily transfer it to a 'ion-resident, and if the Pum exceed ed five humidred dollars, such non-resident could at once institute suit in the United States Court, recover judgment, issuo exe cution and sell the debtor's roperty not withstanding the Aistence.of the Stay Laiy. Such a law would not be recognized >r en' forced in a Federal Court. The complete dlsorganisation of the labor of the State in 1865, resulted in.the produe tion of very short provision cropt; and to supply the deticiency, large quantities of breadstuffs have already been imported Into the State, at. enormous cost. The linpor feet. oilganization of the system of free labor, and the unprecedented drought which has prevailed during the months of July and August. throughout, the State, as well as an nnu.mally short wheat crop, foro4hadow a gloomy future for the people for the next yeur. Coming as yeu do from every Dis triot, you have theieans of tiiaking an es-. tiuate, approximating accuracy, of the e tent of the failure of the provision crop, and what amount of supplies will be needed to. save the poor, dependent and helpless from starvation, . I invite Your earnest and prompt consideration of the subject. Sound political coovomy ordinarily scon demns the feeding population by the Gov ernment, as the inovitable consequences are ot increase idleness, Dauperism and crime. But where the provision crop of a whole country Is destro; ed by blight, or where production'is susrended by long continued Drought, and the deficiency is traceable to these causes rather titan to the dleness of the population, hunanity and sound poli cy alike justify the Government in lending or giving ito means to save the people frdm starvation-to arrest that Inarea"o of coime whieh want always prqdu'bes, aqd to stay emigration to moro favored localities,' The present population is insuffieont to till tbb soil of th6 State, and to develop its resooro es; and it is a high duty of the Goternment to remove, as far as possible, the neesity for enIgratlon beyond its btrders The embarrassmqpt of suppLying food for the needy will be. .greatly increas4 aftes' the first of Octobdr, when the Freedmo~n's B. rea,u will eedste to.issue rations for the Indi genit and helpless-whites and freedmen, irho have been heretofore furnished with subsis tence. You may find it neessary 19 in crease the pdware, duties and' responsibili-. ties 6f thie Ceauissioners of the Poor, anti to organi'so such bodies i all Distriets -of she State. In most ef the Dlstriots, land amid buildings huave he.retofore been acquir' ed 6nd 'erected for the whites, but they must be enlarged, so as to pro'Ade aco4z nmpdatiens for paupor, idiotie and h1pleog Thm fai d of theBoard of Oonmission. era o the P4e'to provd. for the lps& Is ~geat y huimanlt a 4 4 .9 p C e la .2 ofm the 4.,L *. men, has not generally, been collected. The Comptroller-Goeneral,-following a sug. gestion iiade by ime and alsproied by the Attornoy-General, instructed the Tax-Col lootors not to issue exeotitl'ns against th( freedmon, for - the capitation tax, until the present session of the L!gislature. Thit was to avoid all donflict Wt the military authorities. arising out of v?ie fact that ou, corrrts were not used for thk protection 61 the freedmen, and no proion was mad4 for the helpless. Wheneur your legisla. tion remits the custody'o ersons of color to the Statd' laws, these *k Wtions may bi i?ctited. Proper diligence 6of thd Sheriffi will enforce the sat.istactiopf most of thes4 execut,ions, and the fund tay then be.al propriated exblusively to the support of the class fron which it, is derived. If you should in your 'Visriom, deterini to make aa appropriation .o buy subsis, tet)m for the indigent white and colored the Several floards of Cotimissioners oi the Poor, would be, perhups . thebest agent4 for its distribution. To meet any ajpropriatioti made, there 11 no resource available, and the funds car only be raised by Issuing and selling Stat4 bonds. The credit of the State has hereto. fore been untarnished, 4id a reasonabb hope is entertained that birds issued foi fuch a purpose will cemmapd nearly par in the nioney markets of t4eUnited Statei or Europe. As the present Is a oalled' session, and you may desire to return to jour homes a the earliest day compatible with your public duties, I shall defer, until thq regular ses sion., bringing to your attention the genera financial condition of tho Stat, or making any recommendation for putting it on a safi and satisfactory basis. Under, the authori tyof your Act authorizing the Issue of bills treq.eivable, In payment of tho Indebtednesi of -the State, the Treasurer :had eigraved and printed bills to the amb of $800,00( and has'paid out, to the pu 'officers anc other creditors of the StatE '$150.000 Most. of the Tax-CollecO LO n ade theh r6turns, and the galoje . 1111ed State, notes paid into the %PM9 r YjA the bills reuevab1dru if en. ablo its operations.to- conducted withoul embarrassment.until your. .regular session Of the bills Issued, they' have already beer redeemed in payment of taxes, $72,000 No appropriation yas oade to defray thf expenses of engraving ond printing the bills, but the Treasurer, acting upon my re. commendation, advanced thIe expenses incurred from proceeds of the loan hereto fore authorized to be made. The .amouni paid by him, was $4,-A6.l2. I recommend that nit appropriation be made to cover th amount. If t he Tteasurer had deolined to make tht payment in advance of. the appropriAtior% the Act could..nt have been carried into execution, without convening an extra see sion of the Geferal Assembly. At the last sesgion of the General As sembly, "full power and autliority" wa given the Governor to roalkq "snob regula tions asin his opihlonmight benecessary te prevent the entrance and spread of Asiatic eholera i'n this State." In Fpbrairy last, I opened a correspondence with Major-Gene. ,ral 'Siekles, with refironen to the establish. mnt ofrid quarantine overall the seaporte in the State,.which resulted in the military aithoritles undertaking to establisA and i. ffrce properqii'arantine regulations. I am 1happy to say to you that the duties, under orders from.oeneral Sicklesi have be6n well performed, and not a single case ot' .cholera or yellow fever has occurred within the limits of the State. a The work of re-orgfoisatilo and recon. struction Is progressing slowly, but'ateadily. Our Senators and RepreSentatives. have not been admitted to seats In the Federal Con gress, and we have received - no relaxation from oAordus taxation, notwithitanding we have been denied representation. It Is be lieved, ho*ever, that our fellow-6itizens in the North and West will not 'mtoh lo'ger permit this flagrant injustice to be dontin ued. The State Government is entirely re organized-the law Courts held their riu lar sessions. In the spring and doapa(ohed nuch buslus, which has been acumulat Ing for years,. and very gonerall. oleared the criminal dockets. TIe Courts of Chan eery have also been regularly held o1a all the circuits. The machinery ofJ8t6e is in f&- opeation, and private rigts hAd pib, lIe wrongs can be enforded a.itpunshset. Beweyer much all mat' deplore tbat the p regress of the State hee been reatf4l; and Itaprosperity paralyzedj?y loss'of> fortune and grdt, and by short- eropa, thie wise and manly course of-our people is' to ;ge double.their' energy--banish unavailitsg re grets'--mcet adve.'sity yiths a -sto,it heart and braIve hands, and thrdunghs the* approv lag smiles of.4 gracIous heaven, our ve rable.moth'er will egain be prsperous,' and her childien conte'nted and hip. The lovo of tlie beautiful. sand trues like the d4ww1r9p tighihar. of the 0ristal.. ra4nainl foever o1en9 -end Inctudiaty Speech of B. F. Butler, &c. BOSTON, August 26.-At a political meeting at Gloucester, last evening, B. F. Butler, was one of the speakers. Butler, on being introduced, said: The issues now before the - country were the same substantially as those of 1860, and in this conviction ho pro ceeded to trace the causes which led to the rebellion and the part taken by the Northern States in the attempt to overthrow the government, He con tended that by their rebellion they Irad forfeited their property their rights, and their lives, if rebels were hanged, which, unfortunately, he said, they were not. Passing on he spoke of the fdiMiurc of the S.uthern repre sentatives to secure their seats in Con gress, and said that if any portion of the Southern States had sent a loyal man to Congress, it was only to got him admitted, and when they had secured I ropr6sentation they would send dis loyal.men. Referring to the Phila delphia Convention, he said it was composed of a set of men who proposed to settle a war which they did not fight, bat whici they opposed, in all possible ways, and it is the intention of loyal people to know by what right they 9,rrogato to themselves that privi lege. It is the tnen who did the fighting, he said. who are to do the, setting. Butler pharaotorized thatbody as the most remarkable that ever as sembled, and said that the delegates from neither section of the coun tr represented their constituents. He'then referred to the' Now Orleans riot, and road a portion- of the corres ondei e.rolati)g to . it, and said the, who o enor of President Johnson's despatches to General Sheridan was to -gloss over the terrible affair. If this state of things cannot be altered, But lor continued, we will march once more, and woo him who opposes us! In cogeidering the Constitutional amendments recently adopted by Con gross, he said'he was not in favor of the otie relatlveo30 negro suffrage, but accepted it as'thd best.he could get. le was in favor of a full and impar tial suffrage, and he would try, by every means in his.powor, .In what ever position he might be placed, to secure it. In concluding his speech, th6 general said thit unless the. peo ple of the North were fim in uphold ing their Congrass, they would have theit work of the last four yeirs to do over again. Thd general was frequently ap plauded dnring his speech, and at the close was honered with three cheers. A WAR ON WOMAN,-During the war, the Roman Catholio Sisters of Charity in the Border States minis tored to the comfort of Confederate and Union soldiers alike-whether in hospital or camp, Their Christian education and training prohibited them from making any distinction. Now the radicals out in Missouri have placed under arrest s6mo of these Sisters for not taking an oath substantially affirming that they have never giveu aid and comfort to an ene my-in other words; that they never gave a cup of. cold water to a dying Southern s9ldier ; that they never cooled his fevered brow, never wrote a letter for him to a friend or rolative far away ; never safd a prayer for him on his dying bed-never, in edort, did any act of Chriattan kindness to a fel low mortal- in extreme distreus. Of course, the nuns spurned that oath, and have given 6onds to' appejur and answer at the next Cii-cuit Court of Cape Girardeaa. As the, radical seem to have' prettv much the eontr~ol of judges and jury all, in, unhappy "besouri, it would. not be at all gur -'sing if -the . sisters shon!d be found guilty, and dealt with aoeord in'gly. A.aMethodist,'Episcopal, Bap tist and Presbytrian Ministers have been sent to ja~why shquld8Sister. of Genera[ Hardo'.~ was, at West - a oount. *n . ZouIs,-domno0)b.iu- th rxRbldretiqa~ of certain impor/ tant fbiknterte Iw#su Wo. ADVERTIS1NG. RATES. Ordinary advertisements, -occupying not morn than ten lines. (ono square,) will he Inserted in TIlIE NEWS, at $1.00 for the flrst insertion and 75 ents for each sub sdquent ins12rtion. - Larger advertisements, when no Vontiao't is made, Will be charged in exact krogor tion. For an'uuhoilhg 4 candidate to any oicO of proit, honor or trust, $10.00. Marriage, Obituary Notices, &o., will b - charged the same ai advertisentents, when over ten lines, and niust be paid for wheii handed in, or they *ill not appear. A LAUOHAnLE SCENi-GTTING AO3ARD IN A flunnt.-The Now Lis. bon Buckeye State writes up, in the fol lowing graphic style, a little . incident that occurred at the Salem railroad de. pot a few morings since. A traveller, -bound for Cincinnati, where he hdd busi. riess of importance to transact, and rested over night, with his wife at the Broad way Hotel, in order to be sure to hit the morning train, which leave at an early hour. Li the morning'the travel, gor was sleepy. His lady had arisen dressed herself, and gone down to break. fast., expecting her lord to follow imme dately. While eating hastily and scold ing mentally, in view of the husband's tardiness, she heard tle whistle of the locomotivo. Rushing frantically u; stairs, her horror may be imagined when. on opening the bedroom door, a snoro from the conjugal sluggard salut6d her ear. A slight scream and a rough shake awoke him. le heard-the whistle. Pul ling.di his boots. lie hastily gathered' in' his arms the rest of his attire, and push-* ing the lady before him, put for the train at a two-fortv gait, drossed only in boots and shirt. The train reached the depot. Throwing all but his shirt upon the platform, the lady hurriedly sought to obtain tickets at the office, while the husbahd proceeded to clothe himself with his No. 1 garment. While it was yet fluttering over his head, the whistle again sounded maliciously, and off start. ed the train. The unfortunate creature entered the car, his flesh having a pin pled goose-like appearance. while his blushing lady, spreading out her crino line like tho sacred vail of cjinj'tyjcon1 verted herself into a soemen, that his na- . kedness, might be hid 'rom his fellow travellers. The other female paswbnger, putting her hand over her (yes; *ith' her fingers spread wide apait, declared, before turning her head in another direc tion, that, "it was shocking I" -And so, we suppose, it mnst. havi been to the. unbcky wight, who had to make such a spectacle of, himself. Didn't Like Fighting. It was always clear to the Southern mird that the negro had no desire to fight on either side, whether for or against his liber ty, and this fact is somewhat strikingly illustrated in (lie following anecdote, ro. lated by the Savannah Newis and Herald, -which was giveh by a faithful Virginian servant of an officer In - the Conederate arny. Shortly after the news had reached the camp. -in North Cn'rolina, that the Con federate Avernment contemplated putting the blacks into service, thi object was fro quently discussad among the negroes around the camp-fires: "It, you gwine to list, Thornton ?'' asked a spirited darkey of a staid old fellow, who had followed his n-aster through the war. "No," re.plied Thorfon, "1 don't want nuliN to do with fightin. Nigger got no business withI musket." -"h t," inquiiredl the other. who pttnded to fvor thie idea, "aint you whii to help to li,ck (lid nasty, stinking Yankees, what, our folks mnke trabel so fast?' .Aiht you. gin em? ''Yes, I is 'posed to th-6mn, but do way t,o' help to wvhip dedi varimints Is, for ds nigger' to use do hoe. Ife knows what .to do wid. dat, but dlon't 'wid de inusket, i" "E~h, Thornt'on, yeu don't want to fight. no how ?" . "pat's de' fact-what nige goat to'fight 'bout ?" Do white men, do Yadkees and. 'federates, is t*M,dogs fghtena for a bone. Nigr is dhe bone. .You se dogs Aight bone. .. but neber see,e. J>one figh." "Dat's de fa,," said te ether ; "den. If. de bonie don't, he gits mIghty bad cAqued somethnes." Thifi nafre conviersation, s'mple as it is, ilUastrates the situation of the negro more el.early than the most, reeAere7mtreatisew. ha'veupor ttnis subject. tea; thoenegtoehas lieen terr'Ibly -"chaed'? in' the late oontliot, between tIn ~o'rih a;nd~the South, the extoat of which no onie, haa' any knowledge ; but his presemit, cotidition, under the f6stocring earo of thne mnunilent Freedmen's llurau, is &esidediyf worse. 9ie tranmsit negropAi4' muandE/ Gauman Ou'swAvus W. BrnTr.--n slet. tar. f'ojiattanxooga. to the editpr. of Jhe bieups le ,ans G6n rAl. Smith 'As .s tht : e hecilosu of the Diots e~4*i dO4ntly putil$shed, 'nia7ys inoo e~ b opully. , .4 ont e to a thiat In my judgeat, oontrovsies of thes akarotawr ed by,