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_ __ NEW8. By 6&06rd &DesprtesP] WINNSB ORO, S. C., THURSDAY MO RNING, APRIL 19, 1866. [VOL UI.-NO. 8 TIIR_TIII-ItER NE__ TRTR-VRH1NflWS BY GAILLARD AND DESPORTES. RAT1E O sUnsenAVOON: ''THE NEWS" is published il TUesday, thursday and aturday, at $6.00 per an. num, invariably in advance. Single copies ten ents. ADVaT1IINO RAfES: Ordinary advertisements, occupying not. more than ten lines, .(one squsre,) will be inserted in 'Iun Nzws," at $1.00 for the first insertion and seventy-ive c,nts for each subsequent publicntion. Larger advertisements, when no contract is made, will be charged in exact propor tion. Contracts will be made in accordance with the following schedule.: column me. $ 20. column6 mo. $ 75. 1 " 80.1 " 6 " 100. 1 " 1" . 45. " 6 " 120. * " 8" 45. " 1 year 100. 8". 00,- " 1 - 120. 8 75. " 1 " 200 Contracts will also be made for smaller spaces and for all periods over a month. For announcing a candidate to any office' of profit, honor or trust $10.00. Marriage, Obituary Notices, &c., will be charged the same as advertisements. iotch on. the Constitution of 'the United States. nY D. B. M'OItREIGHT. No, 1. History of the Constitution. The Constitution of the United States, like all other features of human society, is the creature of circumstances. The political principles claimed in, and grant. ed by MAONA CHARTA in 1215, rolled down the current of time, eddying here, almost stagnant there, and anon dashing on with the fury of a-flood, until they rolled out upon the great sea of liberty which swelled up over the dark forests of the New World. The close of the Revolution found the original thirteen colonies recognised- as soveeign powers by the great sovereignties of Europe. This new relation to the other powers, this novel position -in the world, laid upon the colonies responsibilities un known to them before. Each colony had become an independent sovereign ty. Each had absolute control over its own territory. Each was now in pos. session of that jewel. for which it had fought, and that jewel was the right of the people to say what should be the character of their government. Just emerging from a bloody strife in which their foes contended that they had no right to claim that jewel, it is not sur prising that each State (for the colonies had become such) bhould guard that jewel with the most jealous care. The extreme caution observable in the "Articles of Confederation," adopted in July, 1778, shows how sensitive the new-born States were upon all, matters touching the sovereignty of States. That separate existence which each had been accorded, each was anxious to pre serve. Indeed so chary were the States of this principle, that the compact form. ed by the "aTticles of confederation and perpetual union,". failed altogether in its purposes. Those purposes are clearly set Iorth in that'agreement, arnd there is nto question about the intention of mak. ing the union indder that.compact "per. petual," but the powers delegated to the "congress assembled" were so over. shadowed by those reserved by the States.respectively, thgsit required but nine years to 'pt'ove how inade'quate that compact was to fuiftil the ends for which it was formxed. It has already been - tated that the present Constitution of the United States is the creature of circumstances, and those circut~ees are as follpws. The end of the RevontionarytWar found the Confederacy involved in a debt for the discharge of wliieh no adhe quate powers had been vested'in the Congress. This debt could only be met by calling upon the Sttes for mon ey As thara was no. eraison made for compelling the States to raise the ne cessary funds, they could heed the call, or not, just as they they qhoee. And the appeals from Congress did become piteously urgent. But the jealous and sensitive sovereignty of the States stood aloof from what it supposed might be a measure to compromise its powers. From 1781 to 1786 no satisfaciury un derstanding could be reached as be tween the States and Congress upon the revenue and . commercial questions. So a few States sent commissioners to Annapolis in the latter year to meet and consider whst was best to be done in the premises. Thwiv commissioners, finding that no L ends could be reached upon t amercial affairs of the country,. or.. d and proposed a plan which they ta.d befole Congress then in session in New York, to call a convention of all the States for the next May, "to take into consideration the sit uation of the United States-to render the Constitution of the Federal Govern men adequate to the exigencie4of the Uinion." Accordingly the Convention met on the 14th of May, 1787, and on the 17th of Sept. of the same year, adopted unani mously that Constitution for the Govern ment of U!, United States, which patri ots ofgiant intellectual strength have ever delighted to honor, but which in the hands of Stevens and Sumner is of no more value, and can comma.and no more respect, than the unseemly rag pitched by the scavenger into the cess. pool. On the day of its adoption the C-m. vention transmitted the new Constitu tion to Congress thou meeting in New York, together with a letter signed by George Washington, President of the 'Convention. As that letter was sent by the unanimous order of the Conven tion, and as the framers of the Constitu tion are certainly the best judges of what were the design and scope of that instrument, and as that letter gives these in a most elear and succinct form, the greater part of it is herein given, and will close this paper on the history of the Constitution. LETTER OF GENKRAL WASKINGTON. In Convention, September 17th, 1787. Sin : We have now the honor to sub mit to the consideration of the United States in Congress assembled, that Con stitutioi which has appeared to us the most admirable, It is obviously impracticable, in the Federal Government of these States, to secure all the rights of independent sov ereignty to each, and yet provide for the interest and safety of all. Individuals entering into society must give up a share of liberty to preserve the rest. The magnitude of the sacrifice must de pend as well on situation and circum. stance as on the object to'be obtained. It is at all times difgcnlt to draw with precision the line between- those i-ighte *hich must be surrendered and those which may be reserved ; and on the present occasion this diffculty was in creased by a differeace- anmong the sev eral States as to their situation, extent, habits, and pat-ticular interests. In all our deliberations on this sub ject, we kept steadily in our view, that which appears to us the greatest interest cf every true American,-the consolida tion of' our Union-in which is involved our prosperity, felicity, safety, perhaps our national existence. This ampotnt consideration, seriously and deepy i. pressed on our mind;, led each State in the Convention to be less rigid on points of inferio* magnitude than ufight have been otherwise expected ; and thus, the Constitution which we now pneet is h'reusult taospirit of q11aity, and of that, def,al erence ad o n *hb te peculiarity of our *o 'o sI$uation edee indp' uable. *, * * 0*e (Signed)i .snsWsuswu QaQof Onistin, A Interesting tory of the War-Facts Stranger than Fietion. There are now living in Cincinnati a family, the history of which forms boMe thing so romantic as to constitute a most interesting story: In the summer of 1859, Charles Geroux became a gradprite of a college in the Southern part of this State, He was a descendant of an tristocratic fami. ly who lived in Louisiana, and, to be brief, lie was then a full embodiment of the "chivalry," just having entered his majority. While attending college, he had formed the acquaintance of Clara G-, who attended -a college for young ladies in this city, which acquain. tance ripened in attachment and love, and, just before the breping out of the rebel lion, they were narried, and re moved South. Miss G- was an orphan, possessed of a c'nsiderable pro. perty, which was held in trust by her uncle, a Southetn mizjtter, who had raised her from infancy, and personally superintended her education. In addi. tion to the endowments of a collegiate education, she was possesed of a strong character, bordering al ost on the mas culine, but tempered th a sweetness and mildness not often mbined in the same person. She wai at once hand. some and womenly. 1 Within a year after thAr marrage and settlement in the South, came the fierce, wild blasts of war from Sumter's para pet, and there was nonemore ready to enter the deadly fray 'thon Charles Ge roux. Hli political tu.fs werc practi cal seceisionists, and hl entered upon the war with a fervor and zeal to com mand the admiration of Ii friends, and which secured him a maj fs commission. His wife opposed his iy. scheme with all the power of a wo 's eloquence, but to no avl. She nly espoused the cause of the Union, nd steadfastly refused to co-operate ith her new friends and neighbors. otwith4tand ing her love for the o,diag, and open Unionism, her husband Jved her, and, while her husband w . bme, the neighbors 'respected her. Geroux in vested all his ready property, which in cluded his wife's fortune, in Confederate bonds, placed them in her hands, gave her a kiss for a short farewell, assuring her that the war would soon be over, and, marching at the head of a victori ous column of his country's defenders, she would be proud to welcome him. After his departure, her treatment by his relatives and neighbors became alost intolerable becausq of her hatred of secession. After two years of service in the Con federate army, lie was coptured a pris. oner by the victorious Shqrman, in his march to Atlanta, and sent to Camp Douglas. This was good news to iis wife, who could no longer endure the persecutions she received at the Sout, and she re solved to make her way North and rejoin hir.. in his prison home, and if she could not secure his pardch, to at least stay near him. Her Confederate bonds were worthless, and she was penniless j she made her4 way to the Mississippi River, and took. passage qn the ill-fated stenier Sultana for the North; she sold some jewelry for money sufficient to car ry her to Chicago. Arriving at Mem plis, her child was taken very ill, and by the advice of. the captoim of the Sultana, she remained thpre to secure medical aid for the, child. Within twenty-four hours thereafter, the boiler of the Sulsana exploded, and 1,200 lives Wete lost. Geroux fared ill at ease in Camp Douglas, and made many stratagems to escage. He finally succeeded in bribing a raw sentinel to let him pass; and to avoid pursuit, a resort to deception be. came necessary.. .A.com rade of his was on the point of death. His mess dressed the dead soldier in the Major's uniform, ad conveyed him-to the dead-house, and'gave his name as "Major Charles Gekour, ,Third Louisiana Reqgiment, Confederate States army." The next morning the body was taken away and burled, and' the ruank, name, regiment, and place'-ef burial, were-dul recor4qd intle ..f ap Don dead by 0..W endn, te m a for tii Government at Olhiaugs. That night Gen*z es ped, Hie' absence createdI SQ Inptirg ap $s was iported d Jor tii4'pgrpose of-eyot* public rosde sastreonyepanog h. ook ahorse (gem a,pasture uer Oamp'Dougls belongs m to J.L. Haw,qzilPr.sidss. of the Board of Trade of Chicago, and by avoiding public roads as nuch as possible, reached Momence the next day. His actions excited suspicion, and he was arrested. on st'spicion of having stolen the horse, and was lodged in the Kankakee jail. He was taken out on a writ of habeas cotpus, and noproof being found t9hold him, he was discharged. Coming thence to this city, he ob. tained a situation in a wholesale grocery house. After the usual delays in passing let ters through the lines, he learnad that his two brothers were killed in the bat. tle of the Wilderness, that his father's estate had been con6scated to the Uni ted States Government, and his father had voluntarily exiled himself to Moxi co. Of his wife and child, the only information was that they had sought to get North, and took passage on the Sultana, since which they had not been heard of. and no doubt remained that they had perished. His true position had be-Rn studiously concealed, and he avoided his former acquaintances. Short. ly after he received this intelligence from the South, Sherman had started on his grand march from Atlanta, and Grant marshaled his grand army before Petersburg, anOI the Confederate States army vanished almost as a vision. Du ring the past summer, Geroui returned to the South. and was fully confirmed in the infortuttion he had received about his family, and that his real estate had also been confiscated. He gave his wife and child up as lost, and returned to Cincinnati. After his wife and child had remain. ed in Memphis, and escaped the disas. ter of the Sultana, she started for Uhi. cage, and reached Camp Douglas. Impatient at the delay, she hastened there with expectations high to meet him who was dearer to her than lite. The render can picture to himself the agony of this sad wile. A stranger, destitute of money, carrying in her arms a weakly child not yet recovered from a severe illness, and she herself worn out with fatigue and anxiety, when she learne4 that her hsband was dead. There was no doubt of his death; the registry kept at Camp Douglas showed it, and the grave was pointed out to her, which bore this description on a pine board: "MAJeR GORGY. GICRoux, Third Louisiana Infantry." The same grave this day is neatly sodded over, and at its head grows a rose-bush. Broken hearted and bowed down with grief, she wended her way on foot to the great eity of Chicago-not know. ing why she went. A stranger among strangerb, with no one to aid or pity her, save the good God, who, in her utmost hear; she believed had forsaken her. She was taken in and cared for by the Sisters of Charity until she could hear from her friends in' Ohio, from whom she had received no intelligence for the past four years. A letter was received, stating that immediately after the war her uncle had died, afid that, soon after, his widow had removed to Iroquois County, Illinois, to live with her married son. Mrs. Geroux was supplied with money to enable her 'to find her friends in Iroquois County, where she has since resided. Geroux returned to his situation at Cincinnati, and was sent by his 'irm to collect a debt due in Iroquois County. While there, he sought out the attorney who had him discharged on the habea, corpu. to learn the whereabouts of the horse that did hims sueb, good service, and to secure his assistance In collect. ing his debt. He soon made himself known, anid while they were discussing about the stolen hose, a lady and child entered the same~ office. There was a momestery ,pause, and husband and wife were in each othe/'s arms. We shallnot attemt to descriIet the scene which followed. The husban d bund a wife and child whom he firmly believed' to be dead,and a*ife bsund ahusband over whose grave she had shed bitter tears of woe. -Mrs. Geronx was visiting the same ettorney to find out about her husbaud's confiscated poty, and to apply to re er.~ Con ,p*~ythe. th,of the forged p.qm$esYJ se u,r; dogulklaiein amk B os# thatnaad iun. DAIL* CAROLINA 'RES9 Charlotte, 1!- C. 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