University of South Carolina Libraries
For tlio Timm. Praetioal. Common Sense Bti4ii| for Uniea County Farmer*. Mb. Kditob :?While ilie weather U to? 1 nd for work out d< ors by ilie Farmer, it is gcod lime for him to put on his cap nud *o to thinking. Th# formers of our section i are peculiarly situated?different froiu that of any other sectiou of rur country, in tlist we hare the privilege of pursuing a?y of the various branches of forming, or d.versifyng it according to r ur environments. As the sras'in is nt hand for us lo seitle our plans as to the cops we will ra'*e this year, it w< uld be well to look nt tlio conditions that exist now, compared with thnt of one year ago. 1 don't think I hvvc ever seen n lime, nt least not siuce the war, when our rural poi ulation were in in ae independent circunis'aoccs, lesulurg from lite abundance and cheapness of provisions, all through this section of our State Corn can be bought cheaper in the country than in market, and no doubt will be shipped from our stations. bacon, alone, of the nocessities of the Farmer, is very high und will continue so this year, as rc|orts from the West show that hogs are very scare, comparatively. Only 48 per cent of the usual amount s put up by the packers, bacon is now worth 11J in ni?rk,t. and those who have to buy veill have freight and commission on that to * >oy\ This should not he the caso with any nut "who follows farming for a living ; for, by a litVc plannit g and attention, all can Ta'se th lir own meat without an outlay of money. J Aud this should rpply to every can be made 01 raised at home, our labor the hem of supplies for our own result likely be as with ^^^^The old sunMial, when, after counting the strokes of the pendulum it would have to make for 12 tu? nths, became appalled and stopped at once. Our people have raised cotton since the war at netier prices than it is likely to bring again, and when the sale was more productive than now, without any prosperity or material improvement in their condition. Most of it nt the expense of home supplies, which they counted could be bought cheaper than raised ; and here, it seems to tno, the ctucuiarons were wrouf, nom me iaiiure to carry the ninount to balance. We have reached a just coaclusion of the whole nmtier by expei ieuce, and wise will we be 10 profit by i?, end not fall into the old system cf all cotton again. 1 have observed in traveling over the cotton t ilt that in the best and most productive olton countries, the mass of the people arc more destitute and dependent, than in those less productive, and 1 ascribe it to their dependence on that crop, while in the latter, enlire dependence is not placed on it. Again. there is great interest being developed and materialized in cotton factor cs ; three being under headway iu our own cotiti'y and two iu course of constiuction near the line in Spartanburg county. This means a latgc expenditure of money for labor and supplies to feed the laborers and their families. They will require just such things as we ought t > he able to furni-h them, and will be in easy reach, where we cun r. adily find profitable sale for all our supplies; and then we get cash for our products and have some money in circulation ail the time. And in view of litis, let us begin now, or ?s soon as the ground dries wi l be a good time. If we have not done it before, plant a g od orchard of fruit trees and manure the old ones. Nothiug pays better, all round, than plenty of good fruit for the fami'y, which, if good selections are made, mav lie oil the table lor 11 imnifha in the ysar. Also the garden should be made a little | larger aod manured better, and yon will tind a handsome profit from your vegetables if near a factory. Then comes the dairy. To have milk and butter requires care nnd preparation. There is no better dairy country than this I'iedmont section of South Carolina. But there must be grass as well as cows, which we can hare simply for the setting. I mean the Burmuda, which is getting to be common here, nnd is easily set ?nd permanent, furnishing more grazing than any known grass. 1 have seen it pastured for 20 years nnd still it scents to get better, nnd it also protects the lands from washing and leaching. 1 know of no industry that would pay our fanners better than co-operative dairying. Thus insuring a profit and furnishing a vast amount of manure for ilie fields 1 wish that our fir mors would set a resolution thAt they will depend cn no one to support them, hut that they intend to furnish all the wants of our coming population nnd have some left to sind to Iowa nnd Illinois, if starvation comes on theso Slates. I believe that South Carolina has a bright -and grand future before her; that (lie dawn Ait' this era is upon her. That ilie farmers of our State can reap a rich harvest in litis prosperity, if they on'y will ; but they must not sit still while the dawn is coming. Farmer. ; L'snti Uncle Sam ?San Francisco., Feb 14.?The me*t important news brought by the steamship "Australia," which arrived from Honolulu last night, is that United States Minister Stevens has e-tablished a protectorate overt he Hawaii Islands. The act acknowledged at 'J o'clock this morning, was the 1st instant, when the stars and stripes were rai*e?l over Aienoland bail, and Minister Stevens issued the following proclamation : "To the Hawaiian people: "At (lie request of the provisional government ?jf the Hawaiian Islands, I hereby, in the name of the United States of America, assume protection of the Hawaiian Islands, for the protection of life and property and the occupation of public buildings on the Hawaiian sod, as far as it may be necessary, for the purpose specified, but not interfering with the administration of public affairs by the provisional government This action is tsltcn, pending and subject to 4he negotiations at Washington. (Signed i "Joitv T. Stevens, Envoy Extraordinary, .Ministor, United States Legation. February 1st, 1893." Approved ami executed by ('. C. Willte, captain United States naay, commanding {be United States siesnisliiafrliosion." The Advertiser says, regarding Stevens' grroclainadou, that the act is principally due to the incessant agitation on the part of 'Oerlain whites, who have a'ways ben the curse of the country, coupled with English and native newspaper idiotfs to discredit ....I It. 1 puu UIVV/A ?ii r UCVT guv rill I1M 111 . The Adrerlisrr continuing says : "At 8.30 *. ?, on the 1st (lie "Iloston's" battalion landed voder Lieutenant Commander Swinburn and tuarclicd up to the government building, where detachments from the volunteer companies of the provisional government were also drawn up. The lieutenant commander read Minister Stevens' proclamation, and at the stroke of 0 o'clock the star spangled banner fluttered up to the staff on the tower." The flag was saluted by the troops and marines and the heavier guns of Ihe ' Boston." Hawaii was under Uncle Bern's wings for the time being, at least. Honolulu, Fen. !).? Shortly efier the sailing of the list steamer the provisional govx-ramput received certificates of recognition as a d?fucto government from Japan, France, tireat ttritjan, Chili, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Spain, 1'orlugi?), Peru ,*nd the Netherlands, Hie fr onds of Judge J. It. Kershajv are -working to hove him made postmes'.er of Camden. 1 e Ific IDeelfy 'Union Uitnes U. M. STOKER, - - Editor Friday, Fob vary 17, IMS. SL BSClt/rr/OX, *1 60 per annum POST OFFICE DIRECTORY. The I*. O. will bo opened for business from 8 A. M. to 0.00 1\ M. The Money Order Department will be opened for business from 0 A. M. to 4 P. M. Mail going South will close promptly at 11 A. M. Mail going North will close promptly at .">.80 P. M. The mail will bo taken from the street box 1C minutes before closing each m%H. A nv iiinllrnlion nr irrponlnrilip? xlinuld J ? -- - " ? re reported promptly to the P. M. J.C. 1IUNTEK. P. M. The Editor's Poem Lives of poor men oft remind us, honest toil don't stand a chance; more we woik we leave behind us bigger pa'chcs on our pants. On our pants, onco new and glossy, now are patches of different hue; all because subscribers linger, and won't pay up what is due. Then let all be up and doing ; send in your mite, be it e'r so small, or when the snows of wiuterflftrikc ju we shall have no pants at all. Last Wednesday was Ash Wednesday, the first day of Lent t&iT' K*v- J- II- Yarborough will preach in the Baptist Church at this place on Sunday evening the 19th, at 7 J o'clock. fSr&* Mr. W. S. Smith, our efficient operator, and family, who have been boarding at Mrs. Whiteside's, liavo moved into the Whitlock house on Church stree'. m Jifif The Pension BjarJ will meet next .Monuny, zuui. ah parlies naviog miriness with the Board arc requested to meet tlicm od ihot day. ? SkjT From all we can learn from the farmers, we Jo not think the oat crop has been much, if any, injured by the severe long couiinucd freezes. Tlicy arc showing fi no now ?iy We learn that our young friend and former sprightly "local," E. C. Font, lies t ikm n position as night clerk at the Battery Park Hotel, at Ashcville. He will make a gmd one. for he's "wide awake" all the time. There are now two former local editors and one correspondent of the Umok Timks holding positions at the Battery Park. We always advised them to hunt for the very best place in the country to board at, and then stick to it, and they have taken our advice. Wouldn't we fare well Ht the Buttery Park ? fUSf" Wo coll particular nltcotion to the article in another co'umn over the signature of "Farmer." It comes direct from the farm, and is the sound practical advice or suggestions of one of the best and most successful farmers in the State. Ho has worked out the problem of raising cotton and buying supplies, and he gives his fellow farmers the result of his experience. It does seem reasonable to suppose that if loir jtricc cotton is a sound reason for reducing the amount raised, the present awfully high price for bacon is a much stronger reason why our farmers should increase Ihe "hog and hominy" crop this year. Wc see no brighter prospect for higher prices for cotton than there is for lower priced bacon. The Almighty appears to be ordering all matters upon the Southern farms to compel the farmers (o conduct their forming operations in a sensible and profitable manner. Haiti Kain ! Hain ! has "put a j damper' on everything and overybodj*. With the exception of one or two days, it has ruined almost incessantly day and uight, for at out three weeks. All the water courses are away out of their banks. All tho fords are impassible, and it is getting a little ticklish to cross some of the bridgos. Wo have not heard that any of them have been carried away, but we learn that nearly nty of them are nndor water. As to farm work, that is impossible, and the farmers arc beginning to get restless under the prolonged wet spell, as it is delaying their work badly. Scarcely a plow lias been started in the county. The lime for late sowing of oats is almost gone, and when the ground is in order again, they will have all the work of preparing for cotton and corn and sowing oats crowded on them #t once. The Sheriffs are Fined. Just as we are going to press, wc received the following telegram from Charleston, which is a terse synopsis of the decision in the railroad .cases : Charleston, S. C? Feh. 10.?Sheriffs | tine 1 $500 each, kept under or re1/ until paid, I Treasurers dismissed. A car load each of Shingles and Brick to be sold at ones for CASH cheap. T. K. BAILEY. reo j.y-o-oi. ? ^ Fearful Frrioht W'rtj.k at Orkenwooo. Greenwood, S. C., Feb. io.?"Fire," fir# I" was the cry tonight and when the people rushed to the street, they thought the factory was all ablaro. The whistle blew frantically and the police fired their pistels, it was found that a terrible wreck had occurred to the C. fi G. fre'ght train which seems to have gottoa loose from the main line, rushing down the factory switch. Fifteen cars were piled one on another and in the burning wreck was a man with limbs crushed calling for help, lie was barely rescued before the fire reached him. Conductor Marshall is absent, but it is thought he was not jn the wreck. One car went through the brick wall jptp the boi'er room cf the factory. Large oak trees lay splintered under the wreck. The fire was gotten under control by use of the factory hose. Tiik Lost Hot.?If John R. Buchanan, whe left his home in Chester. S. C.. 4th of November Inst, will only make known to bin father his whereabouts and condition he will greatly relieve suspense And anxiety about him nud will not be interfered with. Joiin II. isrcitanax, Chester, S. u. Kdwnrd Parker Deacon has been granted divorce from his wife by the French com (a. ?? I I I- III To the Teaohara We again ctll your special attention to the contents of the column ret *| art for your special benefit. It is inlendol to make that column a mcana or source, by which Tcscliera may teach Teachers and assist raoli other in their work, for the public good. In i thcr words, it is the wish and a m of the Kditors of tha> column to make it. a wcek'y lesson for the Teachers in a'l cducitional matters that will develop ihe rasie-t, hut most efficient nnd imprs'sive methods of d'scharging (tie r high and important duties. For some weeks the Kditor-in-cliief pro tiucu nil me maiier ior me co limn, witlioui assistance from any one. It was a new duty suddenly imposed upon him, w ithout prepara'iou on his part, and without any resource but his owu fcrtilo brain from which to draw information to make it instructive anil attractive. He did his duty we'l and faithfully; but in the discussions at the Teachers' Association meetings there Iris been brought to light so many new and improved systems and methods of teaching in cvory department o, education, particularly in the elementary and primary brnnclies, so important in rnr public schools, that he felt lie could J only do half work in the cause of cducatiou unless those who had knowledge aid experience iu ttpose new systems and methods would come to his assistance, and instruct ibe'r fel'ow Teachers in these new methods, showing their advantages ant efficiency in impar'ing and receiving instruction in the school room. Until that is done, and the new methods nre in'eligently adopted by the Teachers, there will not, there cinnot, be any advancement in the work or efficiency of the school room in Union County. We arc pleased to inform our readers, aad the Teachers in particular, that the Assistant Editors are coming to the front aod other Teichcrs ha?o promised te send p.in t rihn t imw nnnn tlitt .qr^lAiux nntl methods adopted by the most practical and successful educators in this and other Stales, and we have every reason for believing that the Teachers' column of the Timics will be the most at tractive, as well as the most valuable tenure in its make-up. Don't neglect to read the interesting paper on "How to make Geography Attractive." The nuther is a thorough and successful Teacher, pure iu character, ond devoted to her profession. Who will follow her laudable example ? Town ImprovementsIt is astonishing how quick the spirit of enterprise and improvement- will spread through a community?particularly a community that lias laid dormant so long as the town of Union has. No sooner had the people determined to build a Factery than individual] began to buy properly and prepare to build residences. Our enterprising old fiicnd, Mr. Jns. Grant set the building hall iu mo'nn by oleariog off his old brick yard and preparing to make brick. He knew they would be wanted and g*;t ready to meet the demand. The next to move was Mr. Jos. D. Arthur, the long time bookkeeper of the Merchants and IT anters bank, who bus contracted with Mr. Grant to buj.d bim a handsome residence ou h:s lot on Main street next to the old Arthur dwelling. Then comes Dr. 11. lv. Smith, the popular and prosper. 111 Demi*!, lie ha* purchased the fine lot on the corner next to the Metliodist Parsonage, on South street, and will commence to build a fine residence on it as soon as the weather will permit. Then our enterprising friend, \V. A. Nicholson has irupsfomied tiic old John Rodger residence, on Main street, into one of the prettiest and most convenient dwellings in (own, making nil the residents around it look old fashioned, neglected and forlorn looking buildings. In a year or two, the two acre lots in Union will have to be cut into four to meet the demand for building lots. May we be spared to see what we have so long and so earnestly wrked for: this good old town and this good old county of Union united and harmonious in the enjoyment of a general nod substantial prosperity that shall be fe't in every home and amoDg all classes of her people. Such will ho the result if we all uuite with ditcrmiuatiou to bring it about. Keep the ball now started with so much spirit and unity in mo/jon. It will grow rapidly and gather as it giows the lukewarm and selfish, or make I hem feel so insignificant that they will get out of the way and make room for boiler, because more progressive, citizens. Personals. Miss Hat lie Oelzel lias gone lo New York, combining a visit /.o old friends with business. Miss Lora M. Stokes is on a visit to her boothers at Charlotto. R. AV. Shand, Ksq., of Co'nmbiu, was io town this week on professional business. Solicitor Shumpcrt, of Newberry, and David Johnson, Jr., Ksr,., of Spartanburg, piid Union a professional visit this week. Mr. G, C. flyers, of Ouffney Ci y, was in town, visiting his son, ?Ir, fv Bycrs, who has been quite sick. J Mr. J. II, Sloan, one of the largest cotton merchants of Charlotte, was in town this week. Thos. B. Butler, E^q., is attending the U. 8. Court, at Charleston. Mr. John C. Richards, of She'r0", was 'n town this week. | Mr. AV. T. Jeter, of Carlisle, County Treasurer elect, was in town this week. Fire en A 8. Railroad. The freight and passenger depot, at Fletcher, N. C., on the Ashevjilp and Spar tanburg railroad was destroyed by lire ia*t | AVednesday night. The buildings and con tent", including telegraph instruments, n total loss. The fipe is supposed to have caught from a defective stove pipe. Am, Frkk.?Those who have used Dr. King's Discovery know its value, and those who have not, have now ^lie opportunity lo try it free. Send your name and address to II. K. Bucklen & Co., Chicago, and got n sample box of Dr. King's New Life fills free, as well as a copy of Guide to llea'th and Household Instructor, Free. All of which is guaranteed to do you good and cost you nothing B. F. Posey's Drug Store. f Correspondence of the Timks. The Week's Doings in Jonesville. Jonrsvillk, Feb. 14.?The weather, after many changes and three dajr of a'moat continuous r?:n, hus settled down to o'ear. pretty spring-like weather; but how long it will continue remains to be seen. Vox e local prophet, Mike Sellers, might tell us something about what is in storo for us in the future. What will those people do who wcu't plant Itisli |o<a'oes any other time but in the full ntoo-t in February? We liars no full moon in February this yojr. Perhaps they wou't plant at all, but will wait another year. A colored child, about five years o'd, was burued to death near Jouesvilie last Friday. Its mother lift it and another child, still younger, in the house and went off visiting and it is supposed the child's clothes caught by playing in lie fire. The door was fastened, but somehow or other in its agony it foreed the door open and ran into the yard. No help ctmo until the clothing was all burned off. Dr. Soutbnrd was c?Ued to attend i',* but he could do nothing for it, except to administer some morphine. It died the tame night. Emma Simmons was its mother. No inquest was held. We have a new firm and a new onsh store tn Joucsville. U. W. Scott & Co. have bought out the stook of J. N. Lcmaslcr and itre conducting a business in the same hpuae occupied by Mr. Letnastcr. Mr. Scott is manager of the store. Wat has good tact in the morcan'ilc line and will servo his customers to please. Miss Carrie K son has takcu a position in the High School here, as music teacher, and haa a nice music class. Messrs. Harris and foaler put a fiue upright piano in ihc'.rcadfmy yesterday for the school. I notice in the '/etchers' Column c<f the Timks last week an article signed N. U. L. The writor would like to know what per cent of the public schools arc opened with prayer. I can answer that the Joucsville High School if, and in that scluol the mind is taught as well as otherwise. Mr. It. Whit leek lost a fino mule last Saturday morning with colic. Something unusual for a mule to die at all and uiorc so for one to hnvo the colic. Mr. B. Free, who has typhus fever, is about the same as he Ins been for several days. Mrs. Sollie Lindscy, J. L. McWhirter and Marion McWhirter, smi of J. L. McWhicter. are all on the sick li?t, but not serious. Mr. C. C. Harris ran down frctn Terrell, N. C., to see friends in Joucsville last week Mr. Ed Eisou, of Union, came up to see his parents Saturday night. Mr. 11. W. Bingham lias pitched his nrttsi a tout ui Joncivilc ami is taking the babies ami the oldvr ones as fast as they come round. Mr. John Humes, a former typo of the Timks, is iu Jonevi le. llud will sell you a ma'leable p n cheap if you ncc 1 such a thing. Samuel T. Reed, of Sptrtauburg. though one of our Joucsville boys, paid his friends in Joncsville a visit on Sunday. Mr. T. J. Eslcs. County Commissioner, is in Joncsville today, lie has bcca in the township opening up two public roads; 01 c leading from the (Jlenn Springs road through Judge Wallace's plicc ti C. T. Beckne I s. The other is from (lie Uiindal Shoals road through the Kisoo. J' U, Long and Dawkin's lands. These roads have their termini in ihc cily of Joucsville. SOU trill Mi NKW V.NDSR Tilt IUR. Jonksvili.k, Feb. 15.? Mr. 1). W, Whitlock, near J ones vil c, had a dream not long since in which lie saw a plan how to make a perpc'ual motion. The plan was plain and simple to his mind; and again a few nights since he had the same dream again and also that something told hint to put h<s dream iulo execution, and he fut&kcr dreamed thai, lie carried out the plau, and the thing worked nud wad a success. Mr. W. is s> impressed- with his two dreams that he is anxious to have them carried out, and try the experiment as he vrrily believes that it wi 1 work, lie wishes to open coirespondence with some mechanic for the purpose of h tving the machine made and put to lest. TKi.EmtoxR. Correspondence of the Timks. Mews from North FacoletiirTA Jank. Feb. 13?ita'n and mud is all ihc go now and the appearances are this m 'ruing that it will continue, for a while at least. Mr. James Bulkhead, an eld and infirm citizen, fell from a hen-houso lie was repairing one day last week, and some of the timbers fed on bin). Since thett lie has been ij ill* >U 1? *ui j uniigu tuuuiliuu. I1C not likely to recover. It is thought he received some internal injuries. On account of ra n nud high water in (Silky's creek, our neighbors failed to get to the Alliance Union meeting at Kllfeihel Inst Satuidny, consequently we can give no report of it this week. The ont crop in gray land is thought to be generally frozen out in many p'aces. We hope the wnrin weather, when it comes, will prove these feais unfounded. We attended the debating society at Wilkinsville last Saturday night. Notwithstanding the bad weather there was a good turn out and a go d deal of fun. The query was : Jleiolreit, That South Carolina is a better State than Texas. The arguments pro and con were exhaustive, but the judges finally derided i$ invoh Tevas. There were many original Ideas advanced on each ri le, and we might mention |Some laughable ones. One young man said he couldn't sea how nay man who had been bread (bred) and buttered in South Carolina could s?y anything against the old State. Another said that the best and molt progressive people in Texas went there from this and other States to do something for themselves and their families and it is the loss of these' that gives cause for complaint. Just for a few.old men and country boys, we venture to ray this society will compare favorably w.tli any in the country, and we have reason to congratulate ourselves that most of our young men are trying to make something of themselves. The query for next Saturday eveniog draws the line principally between the young and old men. It is this : Resolved, That the new South is better than the old South. The affirmative trill he represented by L. JJ.- JJurge*', W. S. Wofl'ord, J. L. Strain, Frank AlcWuney. j. C. Jeffer'.oe and W.JII. Webber. Negative, 1'. S. WablSer; C. I W. Whisonant, M. C. German, 8. J. Hamniett, S. F. Eaten and W. A. George, Hale U. Jeffcrics, reader ; Boyer Whisonaut and Willie Wool", declnimers. The election of omcsio resulted as follows : J. F Yntiydin, president ; P. S. Webber, vicepresid'eiKl G- 5J. Ijurgess, secretary ; Frank McCluney, treasurer. "" The wbitylain will be elected at flio next meeting. Mrs. J. 1*. White and ber daughter, Miss I,eon, of Oaffuey City, are visiting relatives a' WilkinsviPe. Kcv. Mr. Clarkson preached at Wilson's Chapel yesterday. Ilis text was the first fair verses of the d9th Psalm. Mr. Clarkson ?(, a profound reasoner and his remarks were enough t> convince pny reasonable man that the sin of omission was i just is odious in the sight of God as that of commission. Itev. J, |1. Swann will preach at Salem next Sabbath, I'.tth inst. From a private source we are informed ilmt the citizens of Williamsburg and James City county, Va., will banquet, the Union County Survivors' Association on its visit to the old V illiomsbtirg battlefield this summer. tin account of Ihe bad weather the Salem Sunday school Iias not met in three weeks. Since Or. Walker moved Is Trough Shoals this eectton has had no doctor. Vox. TEACHERS' COLUMN. J AS. L. STRAIN, Editor, . Ktta J?no, a C -MlfD. II. 1?, ILirrUKI/J > Assistant!. To th? Teacher* of Union County. A part of (his column, so generou-ly placed at the disposal of the Teachers' Association by the Editor of the Tim its, can be sot apart for queries and answers. If there is a toy point upon which n teacher wishes information or assistance, let n question be sent to either of the persons whose nnines are placed n' the head of this column, and it will he answered, or brought before the teachers for thoughtful consideration and discussion. It is time for the Teachers of Union nounty to rouse up a id tike an interest in educational questions, and this column affords an excellent opportunity for pleasant and profitable interchange of ideas. Hew to Make Geography Attractive. The following paper mat read before the Teachers' Association at the November meeting, and it is published this week by special request. I will give very briefly some of the methods which I employ to make the study of Geography at'raciire to the children, believing that any method that is interesting is a g>od one: If tho method used docs not interest the teacher, it is sifo to infer it will not interest the pupil. 1 must cnfess that tlivrc never was anything very aitraciive t? iue in (he columns of ' questions and answers" with which most Geographies ore filled, varied principally by li?ts of map questions. Remembering the unuttractivcness of this study, I have been led to adopt a plan, in following which the pupil is interested as well as instructed. 1 first endcav>r to show the pupils the difference between Physical and Political Geography, so that in the dosci iptions they arc aftcrv.ard require 1 to give they tnsy have clear i lets of the subject before them. I then tike up one continent at a time requiring of each pupil a written description of it, c nsidcred as a whole. This description includes i's position, its relative s:ze, its bound-trie*, and any other important features that wid lis it ou the pupils' min is. At the satue time each pupil briogs roc a map of the continent, which shall, as nearly as possible, corrcspsnd with the description given. This outline is referred to in tho lessons that Wow. The next lessons are devoted to learning Pic divisions <f the continent nnd their tUA'iona. Then, taking up each division, 1 require of each pupil a writtcq descriptimof it, as far ns possible, in her own words ; though a small amount of copying is not objected to, since it lias been found that the mere net o f copying serves to impree fhn nil (ho momnrv Thon iho ilo?r>rin. lions and maps of these divisions arc brought t^ge her, and it is shown how they make lip the map of the ontiuenl as a who'e. Thus the subject is both analyzed and unified, and fixed upon the-mind. The extent of this sub-divsion is limi'cd by ilie country under cons'deraiion : In our own continent it may coma down to States and counties; jn oOjer comments less information is occ led and there arc few divisions. In order to make the subject vivid, after a good general knowledge has been obtain* ad, we hive whit we call "Our days of travel," on which wc "visit" the cities of note in the countiies which we Iiavo been 8'udying. The children write as full a description as possible from any information they can gef from books to which they may have access : frequently the teacher is ab'e to aid something of interest eoncorning the place whioh has escaped the pupils' notice, or of which they have never known, Finally, before lcaviug the continent, we have what is called, "Our Topic I'arty," and in this the children take the greatest interest imaginable. The day before we are to have the "party" interesting questions concerning the lands about which we have been studying, are selcc'ed and written on slips of paper, which are numbered. These slips arc dis'ributcd to the pupils, tvo being given to each of a class of eight. I These are as many a" can be discussed in " I the allottol limo. A list of the questions, numbered in (lie stme way as the sl:ps, is kept, and the next dAy's lesson a number is called out by the teacher and the pupil with the corresponding number responds, by reading the question, and the answer, if she has succeeded in finding it. If she has no answer, It is submitted to the class, and if it still remain? unanswered it gives the teacher an opportunity to talk on (he subjsc, and to give such explanations as may be necessary. As an aid in selecting topics, 1 use "Hatliaway's 1001 Questions and Answers on Geography," although I do not onfine myself to any book in miking these selections. These are n few of the ways in which I endeavor to make this an interesting and nsii'uti'iy^ study. of course the exeroises arc varied frequently, but tlp?t must be left i _ i Aom >11 T la J. iu euuu ivuvuvr* nuur nu, i iitiua it uepends largely on (he teacher. Even a poor method in the hand* of a good teacher may beeome the source of much benefit to the pupils. To M^rtlty Lutfier mere than any other man we owe the pijhlir,'School ^yytjtm qf to* day, The Reformation unt'd not proooed without educ-ition among the m&sses. The personal religion preached by the Reformers required intelligence in the converts; therefore the Reformed Church at once established schools, and it also required and enforced the attendance of the childrea of lie membership. Luther labored and wrote muoh in belia'f of free public education. His address to the Gormin towns of 1624 contains among other thiags on unanswerable argument for compulsory education. He says: "If a Stifte in f<me of war can oblige its citizens to take up the sword and the musket, has it not still rnqra the power, and is it not its d?|ty to compel them to instruct their children; siooe we are engaged in a more serious warfare, waged with the Spirit of Evil which rages in our midst, seeking to depopulate Ihe Slate of its virtuous men ? It is my desire above all things 1m that every ohild should go to sokpl or be sent there hy * msg'strate.'' lie did net live to see the consummate* of his wish, hut if be o >u'd return to life loved Qermany to-day be would find..that his wish had not only been enacted- iat-4 lew, hut info lew which it rigorously eh-" forced. ? 8 me people fell ?u? with teacher because he don't advance their children to higher rtudirs before their young minds are capable of romprehending them This is a fftifil mifttnlra it's iho niitcrrowth of itrno ranee. The tonoher is the one to select (h? tndies most suited to the iapsclty of the child, and if he is n'ltcapsb'e of doing, this he is unfit for the position he occupies. The patient has aa much right to say to the physio'an what kind of medicine he needs to cure him as the average | arent has to know wbnt kind <>f bioks his child needs to tudy. That is the business of the teaoher. Such work results in eramming the mind and can only at best give the child a smattering ido% of principles intendrd to be taught. The value of dull books in sobool training is generally omceded, but a doubt has been raised respecting the use of knowledge books, especially In e'cmentary schools. It is claimed that the knowledge presented in scho d books, except such as is connected with the school art, can be more readily taught orally, and henoe it is inferred thnt the use of such books in elementary schools ia a mistake, But tho faot claimed does not justify the inference, eineedhe prime object of shool training is not the imparting of knowledge so much as imparting tho power to acquire knowledge, which includes the power to acquire knowledge from broks. Roll of Honor of the Rooky Creek Academy for February, 1893 , 4th Division, Nettie Whitlock, Maggie Belue, Martha Scott. 3rd Division, I<?ila Little. Ann's Little, Gary Whitlock, Jimraic Smith, Hobert Soott. 2nd Division, Henry Miller, Hufus Foster. 1st Division, Zmti Ilevill. Mkmoiiiks or Yoi:th.?Impressions made on youthful minds linger, like the "scent of the rose," through long of a busy, perhaps 8 nful, life- Instances are not rare of hardened crim'nils being brought to a sense of thrir degradation through hearing some long forgotten melody of their youth. The observation of Children's day can but leave memories tint will sweeten and pur.fy the later life. Ttaching includes three distinct processes: Instruction?to aeoer aia the pupil's acquis ti >n of know'odge and power; Drill?to deepen impressions and impart skill; and Ksmuinntion?to disoloso or lest results. These all un:te in making up thono activities which result in knewleige, power, and skill. The majority of pupils leave school before they reach the secondary or high school period, anil it is important th?t they bo early trained in the art of reading books with ease'ond pleasure, and this involvrs practice in the study of bioks, or book mastery. ???? ? Mrs. J. D. Otr resigned her position as muMo teacher at the Jonesvillc Graded Sho >1 the 1st of January. Miss Carrio K'.son now (ills the position, .Ot- ? Miss Ida Gosset', of Rooky Crook, now wields the birch nt the Swink school house. The human soul is a unity in essence with a trinity of powers and activities. The brain is the corpoial organ of thOT mind. v Correspondence of the Timks. Matters and Thfngs at Sgntse. Saxtuc, Feb. ill.?The farmers hailed the warm weather two weeks ago with high hopes, and some brgan to prepare for sowing oats, but tbere waseo much ice in the ground it was slow drying out', and the raid came before they hud a chauce to sow at all. It ij now getting *6 lale and all kinds of work rapiily accumulating, they are beginning to look "blue." If they fa?l to make a goiii crop of oats ji will bo pretty bard on them , Th-rc win not retry many opts BQtfC^ las{ f*l|, and at oue time it was thought that Ihey were all killed, but it does not seem th t they were much injured. The tops were killed but the ground was dry and they were not "spewed up" by alternating freezes and thaws. The wheat that I have seen and heapd l'pra is doing fine. There is a quantity of tjne Unit cleared throughout this section, and I understand that in several coses it is t> make more room f r grain crop. 1 hope therp wjll pot be pn over-jiroduction of e ittou pi is year. The cottqn seed are g t ing away so rapidly at tjie fancy prices, that if those reserved fur plan ing are not perfectly sound and used with great economy, I think some people will not be able to plaot an extra large crop. 1 am very glad to see Union county is becoming so interested in cotton factories? heme factories. I hope that all thr?$ af the proposed, factories will be built ia time to work up some of our this year'e crop. They will do immense good for this county. They will cause a greater demand for farm produets here at home, and will help everybody. Your co^rcspondont hat. heen somewhat "under the yyeathep'fcjr & ^eek op {.wo, and did not feel like calling on the Timks, While down at Columbia one day last week I saw one of the largest mules 1 ever saw. It was 18 hands high, and a perfect formed animal, with good straight nod smooth legs, hard straight feet anil- a pretty, well formed head, arched neck and a shapely body. It was more than head and shoulder higher than any other mule in the lot. Itev. J. W. t^uerry cam*-down Saturday from Welford.'iqtend{hg 'to preach a{ the Presbyterian phqrch on Sunday, bqt the noi hue uaa na * --? - *? ?v,?v. ..?? i?v ?? / wn? mm me peopn ould not come outMr. J. A. Johns had a sate SaturJsj to sell corn, fodder, cattle, etc., preparatory to moving to the factory to get profitable work for his ftmily of girls. We is afBicted with paralysis and is unable to work to support them. Mr. and Mrs. Qee. F. Sims, of Pawkins, is on a visit to Wr. C. ?. Sims and family. E. W. J. ,0t tDo You Wa*t A Public Omen.?'There are 180,000 offices within the gift ofjlhe new Administration, and now is the time for these reeking publio employment to take proper stops to secure one of these lucrative positions. All who are interested should st once send for a copy of the United 8tates Blue Bopk. It is a register of all Federal offices ab<} eiuVlpymctttS jn ytuto and Territory, |ha L>iytr|bt qf Columbia and abroad, with their salaries, emoluments and rlnt'lPU klinws wKn la nll??kU I n HMO .1 VII|IUI? iur uppuiui* tnent, questions asked at exani'nationa, how to make an application and how to push it to success, ami gives oesides a vast amount of important and va'uabla Information re'a live to Government positions never before {mblished. Handsomely bound in cloth, ' ice, 75 cent*, post paid. Address, with cash, Editor Union Timks, Union, 8. C. Jan. 27*4-4t. * ' Bvcklkns Arnica 8ai.vk?The boat salve in the worlt) fop Ci|ts, Bruises, Sorrs, Ulcers, Salt Kheuni, Fever Sores, Teller, Chapped hands, Chilblains, Corns, and all Skin erup tions, and p'otiiivelp cures Piles, or no pay required. It is guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction, or money refunded. Price '25 cents per box. For sale bp It. F. Posey. ' ' * . ' * ' * r * .- ' ; -l . <C For the Tim**. JoneaVilla Literary Sooiety. JomiuR, F<b. 18.?M*. Stokes:?I' send yon a few dole from thi? bright little u"S;*&cor myijng along, keeping step The Literary Seedy bad a regular mretIns on the night of the 10th. The sohool building is used a* a hall. The house came > to order at about seren, Mrs. Britton, Pre*, in the ehair, and our friend, J. N. Kieja acting as secretary. The exercises opeiiW with rousio, then followed a recitation hy Miss Florence MoQowan, "Bingen en the Rhine,", a very affecting address, into which the reoiter seemed to fully enter. The aiibject -of the irgtrthr debate wa*: ' Is woman suffrage advisable T" Hon. 0. B. Fowier, Prof. K. R. Aycock nnd Mr. MclVbifter in the affirmative. Rev. D. Til'e-, Messrs- F. B. O'Shields. nod J. N. lvssa oo th? negative. On'* three of the speakers were present ?the two flrst named gentlemen on the nffirma'ivo and the last on the negative. A|1 made excellent arguments and entertained their friends present in handsome style. The committee, who were young gentlemen, decided in favor of the affitmaiivo. The negative docs not think theverlict scctrds with the argument or question, but complimentary to the young ladies present. Several new membets were initiated and everything indim?t?? perinaneooy. They now have something over thirty mem er^ Music, recita'ions and a discussion of the never old subject: "George Washington*' is ^ on the bulletin for tho next ^mooting. Success to the new enterprise. J. L Walker, School Com mis iou?r, visited our town and espec'ally the school a few days ago. Q. A Pkbtihrst Answkr.?The Columbia Rrjitlcr enquires whether in times put a small class did not bold a dangerous amount ofpo'er. To which wo answer yrs. But nc?er before now in the history of South Carolina when under white civil rule did any one innn ho'd the power now held by one man? there was never before a lime when one otliciil of the State called f r legislntutcs to suit hiui, demanded that ivery department of the State go*ernmeut and management be put in his hands and had that demand complied wi h a far ns the law would allow So if the "reform" movement was i'.tended to prevent a small nunI ?F wawo.iwe fwani It a!/1 ! niv rlannanAMu "OI "? I'VI IIVIU MVIUIU| power it is obvbue'y a mo'iuiohaly H?'o. if the purpose of the movement was to git* Governor Tillman tremendous and uncxani* pled powers it lias been a stunning suc> cess.?Greenville Newt. | SiiKiurrs Not PeKMiTTKn to Lkavr ? ' Charleston, S. C., Feb. 14.?The United ' S ajes court has for tiyo days been engaged in hearing the i)ow famous ri>iipoad ;<a* oases. The argument was tinislied t rJqy and the court took the papers. T'lio suit is brought to punish for contempt of ourt tho sheriffs and treasurers of half a dozen o unities. who levied on property of the railroadt^^L in ilte hands of receivers. At the close of argument ie-d?y Ira B, Jones, the leading ounsel for tho State, asked if the defendants might not be permitted lo return to thrir homes. Tho request was peremptorily refused by Judge Uoff, who, with Judge 8im?nton, presided at the hearing. The decision is awaited w th conr aiderabie in teres', as the questions involved are serious to both the State and the ra I roads ?Greenville Newt. :t: r Tun Mouat, En-fcur qf Gm|i.iirf.i?io Iiav ?: The cuetom of ohsorving Children's dov with programmes arranged with a view eu impressing upon ibe tendor tuind the fact of imuioriA'i'y and hope lias obtained for several years. The little ones look forward with pleasant anticipation to the Sabbath when they shall be the attraction and dba older people shall pay tribute. Beautiful decorations and interesting programmes have I heir effect upon the undeveloped minds, and every child is better when Children's .iu_ :a L ?*.Tl...l.Lr4i?AM iLl -li.il unj?ttibii iw gtknouKBui Munore, 1110 curing mutio of a baod, the march in the bright sunshine, the soft breath of spriog bringing sweet odors fr>m the fiejd and wood, all conduoin^ to happiness lic?lth and purity?, has como and gone. m Hoas a*d Cottos.?Very ordinary N -rthwest baoon is today bring ng 12} cent* * pound, and y} cant* w all tljat ? bo Rg offered for the very bost Southern cottonThe Northwestern people cannot raise o tton, but we oan raise bacon. Under the circumstance*, we think it is a g?ol idea for our people to clean up their pig pens, feoce their postures, and^sart jo for a big erjp of hogs, " A pound of cotton ought to be w rth from one id tdro pounds of 'fticon any time! We are sure that it ougbt not to eost anJ mora to produce the latter than the fortnrp. but under present conditions everv pound of pof-k n^ado Is near}/ a poui^l aqq i> hq f qf celton savedPlant less c?tlon and raise more perk-^. Yorkville Enquirer. w Sea titk World's Pair ron Fiktrks Crnts.?Upon receipt of your address and fifteen cents in postage stamp*, wa will ait 1 you prepajd oup Souvenir Portfolio of t||<} norm tjotumoim imposition. ine regular price if fifty cents, but as we want you to here one, we make the price nominal. You wiil find it a work of ari and a thing to be prised. It contains full page views of the 5rest buildiogs, with descriptions of same, id is eiecvped ih highest s^lp of Arf}' K not satisfied with it, alter you get it, w? will refund the stamps and let you keep the book. Address II. E. Duuklcn & Co., Chicago, 111. . + ,? Scari.kt Fbvkr is Laiukxs.-Laurens, Feb. 7.?A child of Thos. P. Hoy has the scarlet fever. The disease is thought to have been brought here through the mail from Carter*Mile,'Oa. ^ lqAmbpr Of Mr. Ko^'s faulty . received a pair of slippers front a'family Ifi Cartersvilla iu which the disease had been. The doctors say tbst the case was discovered and isolated so early that there is In tie or no danger of infection. However, the board of trustees in order to avoid any danger, have closed the schools for the preisut.? Stat*. Lkt Children's Day bb Joyous.?Children's day should be made a joyous occasion to both old and young. Religious training if Decenary fop children, but it shouid I * A associated with the bright anil beautiful, nil V the lofaniile mind more readily grasps ,ihe idta of God's love as exemplified by blxls end raudo and flowers and that prepare it for deeper knowledge to oome. Auricultural IIail Cask.?The papers in the new Agricultural Hall ca^e were yeaterday served ou the dsfendnuts at the Stitc papit'.}, and fhey are new ip itlfe ii^idd qf the Assistant Atioroey Qeneia'. Judge Melton lias not yet been retained to ass si ih* Alln.nnv .US.. >11? ?? ? ?? -vj viwiivmt IU I mo VA3V. A IIO 8:atr has twentjr da/s in which t> a-isaer the coiupln-nt, i?nd will take its tine la d>iog so. On, What a CowfB.?Will jou heed the warniug. The signal (crh<ip.<i of tliS'Sure approaon of that more terrible disease, Consumption. Ask jourselvoe if joa- can afford for the sake df savitfg'50b, to tufa the friilf aud do nothing for it. \Y? know from e*perieoeo (hat Shiioh's Cure Will oure jr?ur Cougl). It neve? 1*1 s. Tl|ls explains wJ|jr ? more than Million bottle* wei'o sold the past jear. It relieves croup and whooping Cough at oner. Mothers do not ba w.tbout it. for lame back, side or Cheetus* Shtloh's l'orous Plaster. Sold bjr II, K. Smith k CO j *- sn