University of South Carolina Libraries
-J^ VOL. XXI WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 17, I87?. NO 4. DEVOTED TO LITERATURE. MORALITY AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE. The Sumter Watchman {ESTABLISHED JN ISM.) if rust. IIB BB ? EVBRV W WM MDAY KOUNINi; AT SUMTER, 8. C., BY til LDEUT & FLOWERS. Terms. Ooo j??r...v.,..*3 {Jj gil months. I *? Three months. 1 uv AD VBR-TI8BM KNT8 inserted at of ONB DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS per square f?r th? first, ONB DOLLAR for the second, ?nd FIFTY OBNTS for each subsequent Insertion, for any period Uss (ban three months OBITUARIBS/TItlUUTBS OF RB8PBCT and ?ll communication! trfatoh subserve privat? rn teresU, will be paid tor as advertlseuients. ISAAC A. M'KAGEN. TUB ADVERTISER DEOS TO CALL AT TKNTfON TO III* STOCK OF TUB ?BST ABD PUREST CH EMI CALS, Drugs, PATENT MEDICINES. A FINE ASSORTMENT OF PERFUMERY, SOAPS, TOILET POWDER | and Chalk, Puff Doxes and Puffs, Shaving; Croata and Brusbos, Hair Brushes, Infant Brushes, Tooth aud Nail Brashes, _AU at McKAQ N'S. PRESCRIPTION'S PREPARED CAREFULLY AT ALL HOURS, | _By L A. McKAQ EN. IIB BEST BRANDY, OIN, WHISKEY and WINKS, _Sold at McKAQ UN'S. ALLSPICE, Cloros, Cinnamon, Qinger. Mace, Nutmegs and Popper. _At McKAQ EN'S Drug Store. KEROSINE OIL, Lamps, Burners. Chimneys Wicke, ?c.,_At McKAQ EN'S. LARQE and FRESH SUPPLY OF GARDEN SEEDS _ For snle by McK AO KN. MILLER'S ALMANAC for 1870 At McK A G KN'S. A FINE SEGAR CAN BE HAD Feb 16_At McKAQEN'S. REMOVAL. HAVING REMOVED to Corner of Mailt and Republican Streets, and thoroughly refitted and renovated wy Stuck, [ cnn offer to my customers and the pnbllo generally, as lino AN ASSORTMENT OF WELL SELECTED Drugs. AND 0 ' General Medicines, Ao can be found lu this market. Comprising most of the popular Patent Medicines, -SUCU AS Hosadalis, Philotokon or Femalo Friend, Mystic or Female. Regulator, Jayne's Expectorant, Jayne's Pills, Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, Wistar'a Dulnam Wild Cherry, Hembold's E: tract Bucha-, Simmons' Liver Invigorator, Sandford's Liver Invigorator, Hall's Hair Renewer, Barry's Tricophorous, Tarrant's Aperient, Stafford's Olive Tar for colds, coughs and ] consumption. Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup, Russell's Soothing Cordial, without ano? dyne, Holloway's, Van Benson's and Hurloy's j Worm Candy, with all tho Vermifuges. A complete assortment of PERFUMERY. TOOTH BRUSHES AND TOILET ARTICLES. A choice ar tirio of COLOGNE, of our own manu faoture, which we can sell cheap-with all other | articles which should bo found in a Well Regulated Dmg Store. Jan 20- tf J. F. W. DF.LORME. DRUGS, MEDICINES, CHEMICALS! Toilet and Fancy Articles. A. ANDERSON & CO.. Apothecaries and Chemists, SUMTER, S. C. Aro receiving constantly a full supply of Pure Drugs and Chomicala, and a well seleotod stool of Fancy Artioles and Perfumery. -ALSO A groat variety of Toilot Soaps, ExtraoU for tho Handkerchief, Fine Colognes, Foreign and Domestic, Surgical Instruments, Trussed, Ac. All Medicines warra iffed genuine and of 'he very best quality. PHYSICIAN'S PRESCRIPTIONS, Carefully compounded night ?ir day. To bo found at night at the residence of Mr. Anderson on Main St. A. ANDBR80N, - A. J. CHINA, IQ. D] Jan 0 Navassa Guano' -FROM THE NAVASSA GUANO COMPANY -OF WILMINGTON, NO. CA. INCORPORATED AUGUST, 1869. IKPOnTEBS or Navassa Guano, Sulphur, NITRATE OF SODA, &c. MAMOPACTUBRna OP Sulphuric md Muriatic Acids, And of the Patented "Navassa Ammoniated SOLUBLE PHOSPHATE." FOR SALE BY A. A. SOLOMONS, Agent for Sumter Coui?yt M arch 28-1 m "PERSICATOR." The Original and Genuine Article. Prepared ander tho FormuU of Dr. DAVID STBWART, Chemist, and secured by Letters Pat? ent by us for the Pateutee. COMPOSED OF Phosphates and Potash, The FOOD which fur m s tho mineral part of tho plant, and that I? removed from the soil with every crop. PARTICULA IT LY ADAPTED TO HORTICULTURE, FRUIT TREES, COHN AND TOBACCO, THE EXTERMINATOR OP Rust, Spores and Insects Diseased Peach Trees, With yellow leaves, under ita influence, produco a dark green foliage in a few weeks. Put vp in New Hurrels. PRICE, $40,00 PER TOX. Liberal deduction made to dealers. Wo annex tho following certificates taken from many received by ?B : SUNNY Sim:, Anne Arundel co., Md.,) Mareil Illili, I STD. ] Mettre. Km. Crichton <t* Son-Wei.: lernen : I used the Persleator on my Peach Trees last spring j wijh much satisfaction. Many of my trees uro six years old, were diseased from th o WORN, tho leaves were yellow and sickly. I applied a small shovolt'ul of the Persicator around the base of each tree. Iii a fuw weeks they produced a rich green foliage, and boro a fino crop. I am satisfied that this innnuro completely destroyed tko worm, invigorated tho trees and tlic growtliof tho crop. THOMAS SHEPPARD. RICHMOND, VA., Feb. otb, 1870. Mesum. H'm, Crichton & SHH, Baltimore-I usod tho PKKSICATOR on a piece of rory pour lund to givo tho COHN a sturt, and drilled it in nt tho rato of 60 lbs. I'Kit AtRK, at tho cost of uno dollar. On this lot 1 never Had been aide to se? cure a "Mtanil" by reason id"tho "CUT WORM,"al? though I tried salt in various ways. On tho rows to which I applied tho "PERSI? CATOR," tho cora caine up "tn a lilli" promptly and grew oil' finely. On tho remaining rows, not more thun one third nf tho plants escaped tho worm, and those that did, wei o puny in appear anco. If further trinls on lands Infested with "Cut Worms" shall result in securing a "STAND" like the ono referred to, I should consider it un ex? tremely val na Hie, and tho cheapest remedy, which could bo used. S. BASSETT FRENCH. Editor Farmers' danette, PRRSTOX. Caroline Co., Md., Fish. 18th, 1870. I applied tho Pr.itsK ATon to SoiiailUM, alter? nating with a fertilizer costing $50 per ton in equal quantities. Tho growth of tho "CAM:" I ?'here the PBItftlQATOlt was applied, wa.' very su- i pcrior and equal to any manured with tho moro costly Fertilizer. II. F. WILLIS. FOR SALE DY Wm. Crichton & Son, SOLE MANUFACTURERS, li ALTIMORE, 51D. For falo hy Green, Watson & Walsh, Agents. Aprl 0-lm]_Sir.M TER, S. C. C. T- MASON. WATCH M A KKK AND JEWELER SUMTER, S. C. Has just received and keeps always on hand New and Doiuiliful Styles of JEWELRY, EYEGLASSES, &C. WATCHES, CLOCKS and JEWELRY R!)? PAIRED WITH DISPATCH. March 31 O. F~~1JIOY?. SUCCESSOR TO I IWT" a SUMTER, SO. 0 A. "yj|^"0ULD respectfully inform his friends and tho public of Sumter, and adjoining counties, that ho has recontly received a choico selec? tion of LADIES' AND GENTLE M ENS' Wato Hos, JEWELRY, SILVERWARE, SPECTACLES, &c, &c, His stock embraces nil 'tho latest styles, and will bo sold at. rcnsonnhlo rates. Supt 20 P. P. TOALE, CHARLESTON, S. C. t Largest find most complete "\ .w- J Manufactory of Doors, Sashes, f mv?M 1 Blinds, Mouldings, Ac, in tho ( w V. Southern States. ) ?Hr>Printed Price List Defies Compotition.-Tfc*^ Send for ono "ttelj #r<r- Sent Free on Application. April ? ly CONVENTION. rilli AGRICULTURAL, MECHAN! CAL AND IMMIGRANT CONVEN-| TION, Wo present to day, a synopsis of re? ports submitted to the Agricultural, Mechanical and Immigration Conven.? tion, held recently in Charleston. IMMIGRATION. Tho report states, after pointing out the necessity for immigration to thc Southern States, as follows : ''Immigra? tion, as now instituted, cannot be a success for the present generation. The great difficulty is, that the organization as now constituted, compels every man who wishes to procure immigrant labor to understand, as well us undergo, either all or, nt least, a part of its risks of losses or gains. This plan is confining it ut once to the leuding aud intelligent tniuds of tho people of tho South. The emigrant should bc placed at every man's door, so that wbcu he is in need of labor-the demand for which is con? stantly increasing-he can employ him, giving to parties such a bonus as would ho remunerative for thc great conveni? ence. My proposition is, that the men of South Carolina, who comprehend fully tho necessity of moving in this matter form a joint stock company for thc State at large.oi, say $10, 820, $50, or even ?100 per share. Organizo a central or distributing bureau nt somo central point, perhaps Columbia would do, and sub-bureaus at each village in thc State Wi) ene ver an immigrant arrives his name, age birth place and trade or oc? cupation, ns weil as letters ol' reference or recommendation, should bc duly re? corded lor future reference, thc farmer or planter applying for a laborer has otily to cull for the kind of laborer, aud thc clerks at each burcuu, by referring to thc books, can scud him thc sort of person he desires; ho, tho farmer, pay mg all expenses incurred by thc bureau as well us a bonus for expenses and profits to stockholders. It would be perhaps expedient to es? tablish at Charleston n bureau for re? ceiving and forwarding immigrants. There might bo un experimental lunn conducted in thc vicinity of each bureau where these immigrant laborers could be profitably employed until called for, and should any remain on hand during thc summer months they could bc directed in (arin work, so as to make and har? vest a full crop. Agents could bo scat to Kurland, Ireland, Scotland, Fiance, Holland, Swccdcn and Norway, 0 er? rantly and Italy, and I um told hy persons who reuently returned from trans atlan? tic countries that great numbers could bu procured by only securing them n hume and employment. I have seen this sys? tem working admirably in Paris in get ting employment (br laborers and do in es tics in every capacity. There it has proven not only a success, but of mu? tual benefit and profit to all parties. 1 cannot for one moment seo how it could be managed in these large Euro peut? cities in any other way. Sonic ten or twelve yours ago the same system was commenced in Mew York City. My be lief is that we will never succeed to any extent until we adopt thc Joint Stock Company plan, and no longer trust to! the general intelligence of tho people upon this matter. In order to produce a rapid flow of immigration to thc South wc should by general conoerted arrangement hold out thc most liberal inducements, and bc willing to commence with that class of European peasantry who are in a hope? less state of poverty and dependecc. Once tho tide is properly set in this direction those possessing means, those skilled ns artisans, will doubtless follow. Thc selections for plantation or farm work should invariably bc from thc agricul? tural districts, and nono from large cities, as thu hitter class ure totally unfit? ted fur our climate as well as our sys. tem of labor. I have no doubt that when tho selections arc made, us herein indicated, thc plantation system might bc perpetuated. Hut. wc can make them us efficient by abandoning thc plantation .system, und dividing off each plantation intou sections, placing thc laborers of each section under a mau of experience and energy. Thc question has been asked can wc keep our immigrant laborers after im porting them. * * * My plan for thc introduction and distribution ol labor?is is intended for thc adoption )f thc whole South. Thc report adv?cate thc introduction of laborers rather than tho bringing of families into thc State. Un'/tl thc South is regenerated polit i cally, wc cannot expect any material 'accession in numbers except from that oloss of peasantry ol those countries who are in a helpless state of poverty-tho sturdy, thrifty, diligent laborer who has been taught truth, honesty and integrity, coming fresh from thc ngriou turtil districts. One great difficulty in tho way of appealing to tho farmers of South Carolina, to donate lauds isthat thc old system of entailing landed property was i m uch in voguo previous to the war, and ?now many have judgments hanging over their lauded estates, KO that good title? in many cases could not bc made. There arc those however, who could donate lands; others who could not give lands might give money. All this could be given in trust to thc Trust Stock com pany, tho land to be divided into fifty aero lots, and ono lot given to each family of two or moro persona who have been residents in thc Stato for three, five or ten years, tho titles to bc so mndo as to prcvont their dispoaing ol them save to their own family or by ipcrtnission of tho company. With tho money contributed many farms and plan tat ions could bo purchasudor so divided off, and by donating only o'very third or fourth section tho others could bo enhanced io valu? so rapidly as to. become a permanent source of income to tho company and enable them to ; build up catiro companies of foreign 1 settlements. Thc plan, however, suggested, could be commcooed on a scale proportionate to the amount ot stock subscribed, and bureaus established only in those coun? ties in which a sufficient amount of stock had been subscribed to guarautee it, and this would doubtless induce subscriptions of grcr.tcr numbers as well ns amounts. The number of ogonts em? ployed, both in Europe rfttd io the State should bo in proportiou to tho amount of business transacted. The report concludes with an exhaus? tive review of the histor; of immigra tion, as applied to the Bottlers oi thc United States, from tho loading of tho first colonists to thc present day. CHIN KSK LA I! OR. The Special Committee to whom was referred a resolution on tho subject of Chinese Labor, ask leave to report : That the limited time allowed will not permit tho prepcratiou of un elabo? rate report, but they believe tho subject well deserves the duo consideration of the Convention. Your Committee arc of tho opinion that tho introduction of Chinese labor woulu bo of great bcuelit to a large por tiou of South Carolina. lu thc lower part of thc State and on tho islands, where rico and long cotton is cultivated and where it is supposed white labor cannot bc permanently or profitably em? ployed, it would seem to bo a great ac? quisition. Tho Chinaman is reported to enjoy almost perfect health on tho low river lauds in the most unhealthy regions of the South aud Southwest. Ohiucso labor is not un experiment, because in Louisiana it hus been tried with great success, and very much to thc satisfaction of those who havo pro? cured it. It is important however, that this labor should be procured from tho ru? ral districts, since thc labor brought from thc seaport towns is likely to be very much demoralized, and not likely to **ivc satisfaction. Thc Chinese laborer has shown himself industrious, frugal, obedient and atten? tive to thc interest of his employer, ll o is, by nature mild and pacific. His shrewdness and wonderful imitative powers enable him readily to acquire tho necessary information and to per? form with facility every kiud of lunn labor.? Admiral Semines, who has had op pot timi ly to sec these pcoplo at homo, says in bis most interesting work-''Ser vice Afloat-that "the Chinaman is born lo industry j" that ''ho is tho cheapest producer on the fnep of tho earth, be? cause his habits are simple and frugal." The samo distinguished gentleman, speaking of a visit to an English mer? chant, residing in China, at whose coun? try scat ho dined and spent tho night, says : "His household waa a pattern of neatness and comfort-lhere was an air ol cleanliness and neatness t.biouphout, which ono rarely over sees in a bachelor establishment. His servants were all Chinese-and males. Chihi and IIu Chin, and thc rest of them ploughed his I fields, mowed bis bay, stabled bis horses : cooked bis dinners, waited on his guests, washed his linen, made his bed and marked his game of billiards. If lhere had been a baby to nurse, it would have been all thc same." We think that tho Chinamen cannot bo surpassed, either as S' rvant or laborer, by any other, whether you place him in the house, thc garden, thc field, the workshop, or on j tho rail rond. It is gratifying to your Committee to bc able to report, on reliable infbima tion, that thc Chinese laborer can be brought into our Stale at a price within the means of most, of our planters. Say at an expense of not mote than one hundred and twenty five dollars per head, the wholo or a greater part of which would be refunded by thc laborer. In one instance, when a number of Chinese laborers huvc recently been brought to New Orleans, tho cost per bend was sixty-five dollars, all of which the laborer contracts to refund from his first earnings. These people have con? tracted for five years at fifty cents per day, and all lost timo to bc accounted for at thc same rule. Thcj work from sun rise until sunset, allowing one hour j for dinner, and agree, to obey, unques? tioned, all orders from the owner ot manager. Your Committee think thal it is only necessary to uso thc same means tn introduce tho Chinese as b employed for the introduction of othci foreign laborers. Money and concert of action will bring them. .? I And they arc needed. A vn?l. portion j ol our lands aro lying WnstO and uncul I tivatcd. We can give employment lt all who may come ; and whilo u'tving ti hearty welcomo to others, wo hope thc Convention will not overlook that source , from which nn almost inexhaustible sup ply of labor may be obtained, and whicl i perchance, may do as much toward de j veloping thc resources of our Stale o.< ! any other. INDUSTRIA!, RESOURCES, j Your committee feeling assured ilia i tho vory comprehensive character o ! tho duty assigned them, viz: that o : reporting on tho industrial resources o j tho State, is, itself, au evidence that IK ! exhaustivo treatment of tho subject i? ' expected by tho Convention, nor even t 'specific account of what has been dom towards tho development of the! resources, limit themselves to a lev ; general considerations, a<? to thci 1 naturo, and thc groat policy for promo ? ling their development. From South Carolina to Texas iiiolu sive, tho climate of tho Atlantic a.n; j Gulf Slates, ia of (hut intermediate kim which embraces tho features both of thc tropics and tho tomporato zone, om while exposed to many of the evils of, both, likewise enjoy io combination many of the advantages of each. It ls ' precisely in such a climate that the [ utmost diversity of industries can most j, easily flourish, provided only the mar- I kots of tho world bo open to it, and | there bo a population sufficiently dense j to make division of labor possible. Indeed it may bo safely said that no J other climate but one offers equal ; opportunities for diversifying labor.-* j Tho natural products of our country i exhibit this diversified character; wo hnvo here sido by side, the animals and phillis of thc tropics, nud tlio.se of the ! temperate zone, pines by tho side of j palma, wheat growing in sight of rice fields, apples ripening ia tho samo orchard with oranges, crows, and bears, und foxes inhabiting the samo swamps with the ibis, the vulture, tho parokeot and tho crocodile, though our forefath? ers, unacquainted with tropical animals, gave them the names of cranes, buzzards, nud alligators, which muke us forget their equatorial character, and prevent us from reflecting when wo read of such things in books of forcigu travel that they aro, iu truth, nothing but what wo sec about, us every day. In our waters is found equal variety. The herring, which is peculiarly a Northern fish is sold ia our market by tho sido of thc fishes of thc Curribcaw Sea, and the muscle, tho ulam uod'tho oyster, all useful ns food, aro found even where tho Pc II ?sula of Florida is built up ?f coral reefs, li ko tho South Sea Islands. Evcu in the domain of tho miner there is something to remind us of this com? mingling of temperate mid tropical features io the aspects of nature by which we aro surrounded. For does not tho guano of tho cquatoreal islands find its counterpart in our phosphate beds? And docs not thc coal, which is rather characteristic of temperate cli? mates, show it.-elf not far from these highly prized deposits? lu short, thc climate of thc Southern States, their geological structure, their groat rivers, and thc seas by which they arc washed, offer every incentive which ulimnlc cnn offer to a development o( the utmost diversity of physical and intellectual labor. Hut it is perhaps feared by some that u climate like this may be incapable of supporting such diversified industry iu consequence of the very variety of its products-that what yields everything with facility will yield thc best of noth lng. -Such a conclusion, however, :a forbidden by a simple array of facts. The cottou ond thc rice wc produce aro thc best in thc world, nevertheless thc wheat has likewise been recognized os having no superior. And in tho opinion nf your Com tu it to there can ho no doubt that the difficulty of obtaining tho best of any grain product in a climate of so catholic a ehunctor, is precisely such difficulty ?is is uocossury to incite tho human intellect to tho exercise of pa tient und minuto observation, coupled with roll ec ti vc ingenuity. Hut that such a climate as wc possess is really capable of developing und sup? porting this diversity of occupation may be established in another wa}'. There is no climate in Euvopo exactly compa? rably with ours. If we travel Eastward in search ol a counterpart, wo shall pass over thc whole of tho oki world until we reach China and Japan. Herc alone do we find al! our chief characteristics repeated, though of course informs which, belonging to tho old world, aro so far different from those of thc now. But our extremes of temperature, our cold winters and hot summers, our commingle tropical and temperate fauna and flora, are as familiar to thc Chinese as to ourselves. Thc United States nnd thc flowery Kingdom arc what thc physical geographers might call homo logons parts of the two continents. Thc same relative situation to tho equator, thc same coast configuration, the same great rivers, the same winn oceans, current like the Guli Stream flowing Northward ulong tho coast, the same system of hurricanes, which thc seamen of those seas know as typhoons And what is thc aspect which indu? trial pursuits present tn that country physically so like our own. We sc( there, thc densest population on tlu globe, whose existence in their crowder stale is only rendered possible by th< diversity of their industries. 'There h not laud enough in China for its hun dreds of millions to cultivate, and th? consequence is that millions ure cuga ged in manufactures of many kinds 0 rare excellence, and when even so, al cannot find thc means of living, th? rivers, and tho seas are made to yich their harvest, whole villages aro buil upon thc water, and on the water whoh populations are born, live and die, a their neighbors arc boru, live and di upon the lund. Now such is thc similarity of climat ' that it is not too much to say that thor I is hardly au important product oi Chin i which not may be equally well produce ; in thc Southern State*. \v?a have airead : surpassed the Chinese in thc cult ute t cotton, rice and sugar cane, and willum ! doubt, .whenever, with tho proper menu : wc set ourselves seriously to tho task ! wc will surpass them in I ho culture o j tea and silk, both which il has bec : demonstrated wc can produce. That, tho white WOO is both intellect ; uall.y and physically tho superior nf th ' wonderful Mongolians of whom we hov been speaking, has never been doubter, , If in their hands tho climate of Chin can do such things, in the hands of th white race, thc similar climate in whie , wc live can do much moro. Tho dil i fercnec lies in this, that in China, ii j creasing destiny of population has cret I ted industrial diversity by n?cessit?t in : it, while wc are striving nftor a divei ' H i ty of pursuit but aro foiled by sea j city of population. It may bc luid dow ! as a universal economic) principio, pe imps without an exception, that h Bounty peopled county, whatever ita advantage?, over exhibited.a really di? versified industry. Tho problem we are striving to solve, if it is not insoluble, is at least one of the most difficult io The whole oirole of human endeavors, and if wo do solve it successfully, wo shall bo greater than suoccss io war, however glorious, oould have made us. Being without that density of popula lion which ojuld of itself creato diversi? ty of occupation, and which our North? ern Neighbors have had so' long, we aro striving to exhibit such a diversity of resources and capacity of develop? ment as will attract capital ands the streams of immigration poured out year after year from Europe into climates moro Uko than is ours to that of the homo of tho white raco. Your com? mittee do not mean to report that the thing is impossible, but to poiut out its truo difficulties as the best preparation lor surmounting them. If ever we suc? ceed it will only be by the union and concentration of all the intellect and all thc capital there is among us upou the ouo great problem. And it is this very union and concentration which is so hurd to maintain, when tho few thou? sands of our population aro scattered over so wide an extent of country. Your committee would then suggest that there is no way in which our peo? ple can so woll provide for the future development of tho almost inexhausti? ble resources of tho climate, the soil and the waters, bestowod upon them by Providence, as by providiug for u con? sistent nud permanent unanimity of purpose and concert of action, by frc? quent gatherings, like thc present Convention, by forming and sustaining local Clubs ?ind societies, and by main? taining periodical publications devoted to tho discussion of tho industrial resources of the South. The attrition of mind against mind attained by such means, while it tends to produce unanimity of purposes conduces also lo u division of labor, and diversified industry is only tho full development of division of labor. They must also learn to value those scientific methods of investigation which alone eau be sure of eventually roaching precise and trustworthy results. They must, too, bo willing to risk something tn tho investment of capital upon ex? periments. Koowledgo and money aro two different forms of power which go on accumulating much faster when they work together than when each is left to toil alone. Wo must learn to or? ganise for a common purposo tho ad? ministrative skill of thc successful man of business, and tho skill in research, which ts the gift of the successful mun of science. And for this purposo wo must combine scientific education as far as possible with education in busi? ness. One of thc vays by which a people may bc furce- 'ito a full development of its material resources is by foreign conquest, shutting out from it every other avenue of progress-and it may emerge from such subjugation thc con? queror of its conquerors. A O Lt ICU I.TU rt Ai, EDUCATION. Production, wc all know, is tho chief element of national prosperity ; food and raiment nrc essential to human comfort, und, of course, tho more directly aud certainly these ure supplied, the moro room sind thc more encouragement for ? higher attainments. As a general rule men must bo placed above the pressure of daily need beforo they can liuvo either t!ic leisure or the desire for mental cultivation. Wo arc not now to learn that mind rules tho world. Tho history of this country, until tho late revolution, has left us no doubt as to this position. It was to inc leisure for mental culture which the predominance ot agriculture, under peculiar circumstances, afforded to her first men, that our State owes her acknowledged supremacy in thc Federal Councils. It was tho fertility of her soil, combined with permanence of labor, that enabled her to live anti prosper under a system of partial and oppressive l?gislation, to which thc world knows no parallel. Wo have been bereft of our pccti?ai advantages, and arc now thrown upon thc r?sout ces which wc share in com? mon with all mankind. Nothing is 1 cf" but our soil, our climate and ourselves but these are left, und they 'oonstituc t fund ol material which renders us fullj competent to regain our lost position and command thc attention aud rospec of tho world. Indeed, we arc not sure t li ut t in tin lone run, ouv misfortunes may not provi nn advantage to us; for while ''Cottoi was King," and our great staples wer furnished to us with it facility am certainty which defied competition there may have been, perhaps, too littl of menial effort in thc department o ngribuliuve, and a sense o'" security which tended to foster our natural hide lenee, and t te still innre natural prill j of our hearts, wo had insensibly becotn I both dependent and exclusive This wa I not a wholesome slate of things, and th ? energies which ure now demanded, an thc co-operation and mutual considero lion which have become absolutely nc ocssary to our success, may evcnlUtlll i place us Upou a firmer foundation, an j elevate us lo a higher platform than w have yet enjoyed. While thu returns of tur labors hav been so abundant as to cull for little c no improvement in our system, of agr culture, tho stimulus of ncce.-sity ht driven others lo exertions, both ot min and body, which have reacted upo themselves, both in character and foi tune, und it would bu a mat KM- of sui prise, and perhaps of mortification I some of us, to find thc husbandmen i other lands burpa sing us, not only i ?iiy si cal energy, but iu eoieutii nowledge and menial accomplish mon The farmers of other regions nie praot cul chemists and intelligent naturalist and they have thus learned to wriog frotn rocks and barren ?ands more aban, dant results than eau be obtained from the n?glige?t aud suporQeial cultivation of more favored spots. It is important that th? standard of agriculture should be elevated among us, and that it should be looked upon* not only us an economical element of the commonwealth, but ns an honorable contributor to her dignity and prosperity so that athcltio men will uot be com? pelled to occupy, behind desks and counters, tho positions which legiti? mately belong to tho gentler sex, but will be able to meet the demands of patriotism, as well as of manhood, by , grappling with fortuue iuthc hurd labors of field and forest. We have lost our differential olomcot, and now need a substitute, aud we doubt whether that substituto can ho found an} where clue than iu the application of mind to the science of Agriculture. Availing ourselves of the advantages furnished by chemistry and natural philosophy iu all its branches, bringing to lour upon our labors the mechanical ingenuity which is so rapidly furnishing t a substituto for manual operations- i above all, engaging the interest of the operative by accoiding to him tho rcs peet due to honest labor and his legi ti mate share in the proceeds of his toil- i and we see no rcuson why our State i should not resume her rank, and even ; surpass her ancient renown. It is not necessary to refdfcigaiu to our Roil and climate, there is nothing in the world superior, and for many productions nothing equal to them, and while our , Maker, with one hand has deprived us of nu element of strength, which was also to some extent a source of weakness, it is a circumstance worthy of special notice and of special gratitude, that with thc other he hus laid boro, in our soil, aud unexpected treasure far more valuable than mines of gold. We lack now but one thing to ensure unlimited success-the application of science and menial cultivation to our unequalled resources. Let us not delay to supply this want, and in order to make a beginning, we propose the following resolutions : 1st. Resolved, That it is important to thc welfurc of.our State that her agri? culture should henceforth be regarded as a scionce. 2d. Resolved, That measures be im? mediately taken to organize agricultural institutions among ut>. 3d. Resolved, That an effort bc made to procure and set iu operation a model I farm in som o boulthly portion of the State. MON KY Ol* BLOOD. The Ohio Governor of South Caroli? na, is organizing a battalion of Win? chcstorriflcmcu for tho County of lidgeGold, South Carolina. Five com- . panics meei thc demend of Mendoza's . military judgemcatas rcqusite for mili? arv purposes. This battalion of lour , hundred men, cuu deliver live hundred or more death shots in au hour. Five i hundred per day was the utmost limit reached by thc Spaniards with five times the number of mon. Thc radical pro? gress is really delightful. Scott in , South Carolina, Rullock iu Georgia, and -41 o Iden in North Carolina, are all auxious for .war. While the peaceful fumiers, shocked aud in ii undated, contract their eugagements ; aud trade languishing, and dull, drugs a slow length ulong ; and capitalists again grow chary of money lending, doubtful of dubious times, and draw close thc purse strings aud seal thuin iu double cust iron boxes; these valiant promoters of reconstruc ti on cry out, thc combat thickens : on ye brave ! Who rush for greenbacks, or tho grave > with tho full hope and confidant expectation that thc loyal will catch their spirit und sing joyfully, tho wild re fru? u : Lay down thc shovel and hoc! Take up the pistol and thc gun ! No more hard work in thc cotton row ! March ! by the bugle and drum ! ..Lot us havo peuce." and plunder of glorious war is reechoed from thc circumference to tho centro of progressive radicalism - Chronicle and ?jeni incl. RADICAL. PltlNCIE'X'GS. Tho white people of tho State nek now ledge the civil and political* equal* icy of thc white and black racos (soys the Charleston News) and because they do this thc Radical Revilers declare that thc whites have adopted Republican prill, ciplcs, und might just as well, with n good face, become open members of tho Republican party. Hut the white people of South Carolina, while they recognize tho law and submit to the constitu? iou do not accept tho principles of the Republican purly ol South Carolina. In this state Republicanism is not equal rights, free speech and low taxation. As interpreted by ils lead? ors, Republicanism in South Carolina, is dishonesty, fraud and corruption. Tho llepuhiic'.us as u body may he upright and straight forward, but their sp ikes? men and leaders are knaves ragamuffin. ami wor.-o. The ir principle.- tire robe ry ami plunder, and these ni0 the princi? ples which tho friends of reform must Iii:hi. tooth and nail, until victory is won When the "principles" of tho oracles of South Carolina Had ?cal ?sm nie truth and integrity, it will bo time enough to ask decent men to ?Mired their fitiirers" with the rottenness of the Scott puny. -L\bjifinhl Advertl\cr. - Fashionable suits for ludios this spring oro described tia ornamented with everything, " from Jacob's ladder to ti pen wiper, in silk." -An innocent writer informs us that mankind embraces woman. He would bu a funny kind of man who did not. - Linon co?!urnes for Indies, taste i ully trimmed, will ho much worn this I summer. ?VE&T PROMPTLY OPFIC* . --im The Sumter Wi Highest Bfrfr.fi&jj BO?ANTIC STORY OF A Ol A lato San Frunoisco paper^*i$iM| Almost every day, nt tho "etttl?>I^BE^^ the Occidental lloU 1, oo l?ufil? V? mny bc seen on old, luina' ob Ul?? who importunes ti? tor aim*!..-' A-tyV'iS . enanco traced with the fuirows mid starvation is iu no w?y - knpjrwjtt!^a by ita total abstinence fro n water, yet, who of tho tuauy who be4Co^a^)^fno9 ?ng glauco on that woatiicv hoatQOV^mO^ begriiumcd fuoo think for a mft^ffwmi that in those shriveled old v?iu>vo^.??^ es the blood of royalty? Tot this Fifty one ycurR ago, all. tho bT^Vl^B dreams of Oriental luxury wera h??w-yi^^l Ile, tho youngest of five brothara*'Wf^Sl for his father no lesa a personage tft^MSM tho sovereign of the i:elestiul etnWM^^H Until his tcLth year reared . ?wVjiftPsw ^deudor of that court of whioh at? rV|1f|b|^a| is told and yet so little known, hoJ)i^j^ not a wish that was not ut ol>co"Br*'5?fe^w ?fled. Mandarins of high runic ^Hftira ?lad indeed to wait on this scion, of^wfiffl royal iTouso. lie, with his brothers, hafl'^y eaoh their little court. To erne '*iii*j?|| allotted tho care of the royal fowlkYjj^v to ??other, the royul sheep ; to ?^thi?r?'Jja the royal goats; and to him hol?n|^ljtf| tho euro of h.is mothers pot P.C**<M!w$ffl Sinecures that exist in nil well rogaJlat>*-^ ed Guvcrumcnts are by oo nYo?t?^^t unknown in China. So ho greW: -jfo?^P happy in thc execution of his dutty?^l4r,>|S the paternal commands. Alro.tdy,%adJ^7j ho been promised thc command of tlse .M Thibetan frontier. Far from t h o capftut?^ in the couutry where thc rebels wer$,7j^ most powerful wc cnn well imagine th?( if'J consternation caused his mother at thia" t'j intelligence imparted to her by be^J^; favorito son. Even at that early ?jafo:*^^ bo was cager for this martini lif%i. H?. sf| dreamed only of groat deeds and w'arV'.ff] alarms j and when his mother, gently < braiding his tiuy little quoue, wou^dy^.; .raze into her boy's bright eyoa aotraa read there tho language whioh they'/^ spoke, her heart alternated bjitW^M^^ hope and fear. A gentle 1 i ttl o raaidot? vi, had long been his betrothed, (?he top, felt keenly tho pangs of parting, wbioh ^L his hopeful chuting heart had not time to feel. Bright, bright, indeed, was th?'~>'?* future for him ; and y ot, ono short cit; night cast him from his airy height ->,.} even to the dopth into. whioh haiiV^ Ono of those midden revolutions to which that kingdom is so subjeot ltaiflf^n ed his father from his throne, und esas ed the murder ot all who loved, and.' ,sv honored him. Through the fidelity ?}ft ^ un old servant this young Prince'iras Bitvod from tho general butchery. BtiU ^ li! ; name alono would have beeo his 'J ie-'th warrant at any time. So Tie livedt*-^ in poverty and constant dread, shunned^., j* by all and shunning nil. When thc fl?sp f cargoes of Chinese wero sent to. dor. Stale ho, welcoming this as an ?pporttt'/^ oily for escape from an atmosphere of *' dcuth to him, smuggled himself on board ono of thc ships. The close conflue ment, which he had to undcrgovand tho< ? tossing of the cargo in thc hold,' mined bis health and crippled him fer Jjfe, Too weak to beg and too honest tosteal'^ nothing was left him but to accept tho ^ bou?ty,which the stranger in the a^fango,^ land saw fit to bestow upon him. Wntf?i eau tell the pangs it cost that proud ^ heart beforo it could descend to thia?, ^ As ybu see him now, so has ho Heed :\ for the past ten years, _ - . ?* Through the uid of un interpreter, w'?^ gleaned the sad liiHlory of this poor^old^v princo. That hardship mid want mayty have affected the bruin of the unfortu?.\, nato creature is moro ihnn likoly j but\ his tale was told with s<> much upparout.-. truthfulness, so much earnestness, "OMI^ wo have thought it worthy ibo hearing'??J of mir renders. Bright, bri^litor wu* starting in lifo than one in ten r-hoim ?ind ; dark darker, perhaps, is its olo-ilog?:: than one in ten million. THIS nm ?tt : v s rc IN 'mis Ni?rm-O \ ron ia no.v Ol' 8t>. CA. ' ? General llagood, in his recent nd J ress,'* as President of the Charleston Agrioul-,' "hi turill and immigration Convention," made tlic following slnicmeut wilh re- : ferenco to thc decrease of the Tregro^ population of South Carolina: In 1770 it. numbered 107,000; :in 1800, 14(5,000; in 1810.100.000 in I%W\ 250.01)0; in 1800, 015.000 j ru ?84?,/ 377.000; iu 1830,081,000 ; iu 18{MV .102.0 JO. According to thc unniiul average,'frrfl&f: 1810 to 18 >0, Mic popuhition of freedv mun in 1805 may be pi-exiimod to 'have . boen 4.'1,000. Hut according to^thi?/. Stale con.Mis ol 1800, it lind diu.intslied' to 080 000, leaving n dc?iciency of 35,-'' O0U. i-f an evora-?e of 8,770 per miinim MI the Minto of Sunt li Carolina ulonc. Il i' might be allowed to speculate, on this quoi ion, I would Kay' that, lu/ m y opjt?oii, ibo tl ?crease hus beb? hot' liss limn 50,000. J?ut taking the iij?ttv res themselves, even at that rute, ip'JvaV than forty yeats, I he mil ire colorcu \top? ?liarion of South Carolina will, have disappeared. - - . 7 - Always endeavor to fca'rn io-?to-^ thing fruin the in formation of tjh?j??t* thou couvcrsest with ; a id to put thy' company ujion tlu>?? K,i''jeeta . the: M% best able to ?peak of. . . ;' ' - A long nu?n?rap!i lellftr ?fVow Ceorgc \\Tashiii?;tun, ^n . ugrteirU'(^L' mm ter*, wits rcoetitly sid in ^oB^| for 0175. '% -Among tho fs^tiin'?i^l^;^ Inti at H roov 'sr cn ? s-rn idd?'? tho '.ft.JB I ?OOWH n'tm Vu Ariteiiiug; ' V