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j Mvotki> to potltics, morality, education and to the general interest of tiie country. hnr. nC)! PICKENS, sTcT, TritJRSDAYT^VLY 27, 1876. "TT NO. 47. ' ' ' j " '? . " 'I!.' ' '.'I ..."."I - II M'L"l'A.V.*WA-^S-*rM. ... .If.l-.ifc. . - J - Ottfc CENTENNIAL LETTER.V f jJPlJIIiADKJA'JIIA, July 17, 1870 jr The Government Buildino?Army and Marine Monstrosotiks?In-j " '* J>ian Ilsuoa?Rich Ores- Won' Maouinery?Workings of the P06T Office Department. ? ? I did think, ut first, that I would go 8j8tomnticnlly through tho differ ont buildings ot (lie Exhibition, finishing one up beforo I began with x. Another; but it is dreadfully tiresome work to continue writing on one sub ject, no inattor how absorbing tho interost; so, for the future I havo con cloded to move wherever tny inclitialimi )nn<la i\oi*lmi\a mm n?? t i*ni?vu ivuvioj put nuj/g unw v/i HTU days in tho Government building, and eeveral visits to Machinery Hall. I will not forgat the JUidica' Dev partmont, nor tho many isolate^ points of interest that go to mako up this wonderful Exhibition. My ad vie? to ft v mi tor to tlie Ccn?tennial is?don't forget to examine N tiio Government bnildingp. Here are models of ships, elegant and clean cut foro and aft, that look as though they a wniiM nlnnvn (Iia wnfnf ltbn on VIVI??V " ?*?V? .??" MlJ Ml ,un? pigmy monitors, defying shot and elicrll; villainous looking torpedoes* whose mission is to sen<l whole ship loads of poor devils to Davy Jonos' 1 ckei; rifled cannon, wiu>80 chief delight is to kn< ck spots out of an enemy nine or tun miles a\va\: ami * eltot and shell of indisci ibable power t?nd deatructiblity, the very contemplation ot which is filled with visions of mangled lega and arms, nnd nil the horrors that autround the dreadful panoply of war. One thing made ine mad. Here was the great American nation coming n;> to a world's Kxh ibition, nnd yet in its repreaen? It At ione ot the plastic art I doubt it such libelous abominations were ever eonceivod before in the heavens abovo, or tiie earth boneatli, or the water* that are under the earth.? Rnnli oitl/limo qoSI..i>q n?i/^ ???.? K/liVM OUIUIVIUj DHIIUIO, illiu I I I ii I I I I Uo i were never eeon binco tlio w< rid bogan. Ono representative of the 11m rine coi'|ih stands at tho southeast door l>0 l??ok8 as though ho had beun led % tor ton years on sour miik and cabs k?ge. llo has a frightened look, an though ho had first received the hock ot a giant torpedo in the rear, and was about to retreat in double quick time. Another bravo soldier looks as though ho was slowly recovering from an attack of acute colic, i-ond was anxiously watching the approach of returning symptomo; and x still another gallant tar looks as though ho had beon knocked on his boam ends, and was emphatically going oil npon his car. Disgusted at tho vile libuls on our joldicrs and sailors, I wandorcd down to tho Indian nnllflntinn till f came to a ca&o containing some murderous looking war clubs; they were nil knotty and gnarled, and + looked as though they would crush In a man's skull like an egg shelly 1 am not naturally sanguinary, but my fingers itched to got hold of one of these clubs. Then I should want some ono to chatch tor for mo the Secretary of the Navy, the jolly JBobeson, and tho late Secrotary of War, Mr. Belknap, and, unmindful ^ of thoir eminent services, I think I should take cquisite delight in brain* ing them with one of thoao war clubs. Hhiujea of Decatur, "ferry, and Lawrence! if permitted to look down from abovo, what mu6t bo your righteone indignation as you contour ' plate theso murderous efligies of tho lioblo Amerioau sailoi>? Ghost of ** bravo old ITftrrnwnf lionnf ?l>Ja lnl> ? "? ???"?? ?" ' berly Secretary till these libels on our honest tars aro romoved; and yon bravo men, who wont down with tho Cmnhci land, rattle your whito bones Around his couch at night as a punishment ior tho disgrace whicll these vilo effigies inflict on our soldiers and triors. Stir him up with pitch forks ' nnd all eorte of uncomfortable tilings till tlioy are hidden from sight, and tho Government building is relieved from tho infamy of their presonce.? | There aro somo exceedingly ingonions nnd marvelous mactinos here that seem to bo almost gifted with human intelligence; but it is more than this, for btitnan intelligence is subject to mistakos; but theso mn-j chines never err. Look nt llio envelope machine which stands near the Poet Office; it is indeed a roarvcl ol marvols. A dainty little lady site besido it in a dainty chair; she looks the picture of serene comfort, and well sbe may, for she has nothing to do but to enjoy herself at tho government expense. Occaaionally? for amusoniont, sho may take out a loose bundle of envolopes to fan herself with, but tho machine does all tho work. Describe it, I can't, All I can say is, you put in a bundle of paper and it comos out first class envelopes. Right across the hall is the most splendid collection of American , 1 ?: II vuuo VIVI wngiu^uiuu 111 UIIC UXIIIbilion,?oak, maple, cherry, pino, 61>ruco, cedar, and, in fact, all tho woods known to the American Continent. Still father on wo liavo the display of tho Patent Otiico Department, stored with its wonderful revelations of genius. All sorts of incomprehensible machines, crowd thfeso cases,?machines the story of whose conception and completion would be the saddest of all sad histories, lor long and weary lives wero worn out in tlioir invention, and tho inventors perished; liko tho prophet of old, in sight ot the promised land. T e Indian collection is especially tine, and to its consideration I would direct the attention of all who visit the Centennial. It is not merely tho collection of arms and drosses, but the cotnnluto historic links, which cany you back ages bet?ro tho white man set foot on tliu American Continent. Giant carvings are tliero, representing the moat hide- us of all lieatlieu deities,?monstrous concepf liilto ?r? 111 t a # + * * * ?> 1 ?*?? !< ^ ^ ^ viv/tio Iiiv/Iioiiuumj wwi hfu UllV,?tliiu yet, in general classification, belonging to tho same family of Titanic gods that guard the moulding palaces of 1 Kinoveh and Thebes. Not tho loast interesting portion of the exhibition is Tho grand collection of negatives from which were takon Prof. Hayden's View of the Yellowstone. Indian lito in everv ohasc ia here, and tf ~ ? - - J "" " views of those wonderful ruins the discovory of which lias awakened such interest among our archaeologist* The collection of ores is ono of oepecial merit,?California, Nevada, Or~ egon, Colorado, aud Utah being rep 4 I Tl..- A _ - I- I ruvt'llivu, JLIICet) CUHUH COIIUllU WCHllll untold, and wo might think that gold and silver wore the kings of tho oarth if it wero not that, closo beside tho gold and silver exhibit, we find ours solves in tho presence of King Iron, Talk ot your kings and emperors 1 No majesty so potent as iron. Go through tho halls of this great ExhU tiun. and. turn whoro von will, iron ? iron confronts you ovory whore.? You look fit sotno wonderoua product ot the loom; you admire tho splendor o! its figures and the beauty of its colore; you go back to tho loom where it was created, and you will (inrl it all nf 11 r?ri T)ii*ontlu r\? itwlt.. reetly, it entors into the composition or production of everything you flco or use; and I said to mysolt, "It is neither gold nor silver nor cotton, but iron is king." In nnothor part of tho building is a great collection of fishes, many of thom admirably prepared,. In fact, I almost wished that the same individual who stuffed tho lishos had beon engaged to stuff tho sailors and marines, I command this matter to tlio respectful attention of tlio Secretary of the American Navy. Tlio machines uaod in the production of canuou, rilles, gui)B pistols, otc, are also well represented. There is also a machine for tho pro* paration of cartridges. This is one of tho self feeding machines, where fl.? i li s-. HIV imppjr guoiuitill Ul It IIIUJ IIULI11" to do bnt pich his toeth and fun himself, and ho louks nil tho time n8 it ho was trying to invent eoino machine to absulvo him from theso onerous duties. Lathes for turning gun stocks aro there, and others for rifling all sorts of firearms, murderous looking mitraillouses, and rakish Gatling guns meet you at ovory corner. Looking on our guns, our defences, and our ship, tho avers ago American comes to tho comfortable conclusion that the country is en I 4: 1 ~ 1 .*l 41 \ uruijr Biuej anu 11 mey can oilIV TOproduco in sufficient numbers such soldiers, sailors and marines as they have here iu efligy, no toreign foo would dare niolost us, for they would frighten tho devil himself. Tho weather has been simply frightful, the thermometer ranging as high as 180? in the shade. Whilo J write, minaturo bridal veils are coursing down iny hack, and young Niagaras are surging from my manly hrOYV. Tim I'pnon flnnm-noa lina linnn in 6es8ion for the last three days, and yesterday a resolution was introduced that war is played out. I am really glad of it, for I couldn't light now worth a cent, a two year old hoy could lick me and not halt try. The pretty cadets have all gone b.;ck to West Point, and our Chestnut Street bellis are in despair. Dotn Pedro hns desorted us; but a merciful JProv idence, ji.st in the nick of time, sent us L)on Carlos, and we are happy,? not much, to be sure, after such an emperor as I)om Pedro; but ho will do till we can cafch something more substantial. The heat of tho weather has materially affected tho number of visitors, the falling off being sovernl thousand a day. We look unx ioufily for a falling barometer, with commenauiate returns at tho turn 8tilea; and dreaming ot future beatitude with skates, snow balls, and sleigh bells, I am, Youia truly, JiuOADimiM. Washington, July 10.?Tho following has boon rcccivcd, via Fort Fattormnn, to night: flnnoir's C. AMI> nr.rtiin Pwaw Tulw 12.?Thrco eoldiors, courioi'8 from Gonoral Terry at tho mouth of Big Horn, havo just arrived. Gon. Torry's dispatch to Crook confirms Custor's fato, and implios very plainly that had Custer waitod ono da}' longer Gibbon would havojoinod him. Terry is anxious lor Crook to join his forces, and mako plans and cxccuto them, rogardloss of rank. Tho Indians are still hovering about Littlo Big Horn, ono day's hard march Irom hero. Thoy havo fired into tho camp ovory night of lato, and tried to burn us out by sotting iho grass on liro all around.? On tbo 5tb, at Sibloy, tho Socond Cavalry, with twenty fivo men of tho roar guard, and Raptisto and Powers as scouts, wont on a rcconnoiesanco. I ' # j Thoy were discovered, and surroundr?#l nml fr.llnw/?/! tnlst tl?n iimlvnn /?< ?I?a I Horn mountains, whore, by hitching thoir horses to tho trees and abandoning them, tho i^n woro onabled to escapo on foot by way of a ravine in tho roar. They all got back alive, and probably this divorsion savod tho camp from a grand attack and etam-* podo or capturo. Tho Snako Indians, two hundred u t ran tt wtin/wl nu liOi-a imoI/iw/Iam !???? JVIIIVV* MW I I V J v^otui UilJ J UUl> unloss iho Utcsftlso comoRoon no offensive operalione will bo likely to tukc pluco till after tho arrival of tho Fifth Cavalry. 'J ho wagon train and additional iniantry aro duo from Fort Fottorman. Tho health of tho command is good. General Gibbon's 10fiervo foroo wore mot bv tho viof ni-inna Sioux,dressed in Custor's mon'sclothos and mounted on thoir horses. Thoy fired into tho soldiers. Tho Indian villngo possossos ovidcnco of whito men's proscnco?kegs of whiskoy, otc., boing found. Signal fires, supposed to bo in reforcnco to tho incoming train, aro visiblo to tho cast of Crook's camp, on tho extreme south waters of Tongue rivor. From tho Columbia Register. ] Gen- Sutler's Statement* < Certain newspaper editors and reporters liavo done mo so much injuss tice by falso reports in reforenco to the recont disturbance in Hamburg, i that it is duo to myself to mako to the public a statement of my connect tion with it. I On Friday fevoning, July 7, Col. , Thomas Shaw, with his brother, the ] Rev. William Shaw, was at Edgefield ( Court House to sec Mr. II. W. Ad- j diaon and Mr. A. J. Norris and mv- 1 self on business. After transacting J it. Col. Shaw said to mo that Mr. t Robert J. Butler, who lives neai | Hamburg, in A ikon county, desired mo to be at Hamburg on the follow- j ing ovening, (Saturday,) at 4 o'clock, ( to represent professi- nally his son, ( Thomas Butler, and eon in law, | Henry Getzeu, in a trial to bo had | before Trial Justico Prince Rivers. 1 Mr. Butler has been a lucrative cli- ( eni or mmo ior ninny years. 1 in- ] quired of Col. Sliaw if ho know tlie t nature of the caso to be tried, and lie t said ho knew nothing oxcept what he j had heard?that theso two young < men had had an altercation with a ( company of negro militia in tho t streets of Hamburg, on tlio *lth ot J July, and that Mr. Robert Butler \ had complainod to Rivers, the major ( general ot militia and trial justice, and that he supposed the trial refer- t red to that matter. j I accordingly left Kdrmfu'ld .it n . c J * - - ? o " ? o'clock next morning in a buggy.? ( When 1 had gone about seven miles f on the old stago road 1 mot Dr. Geo. { W ise, \\ liu inquired it 1 had hoard the t news from Hamburg. I replied that [ 1 had hoard nothing special, but was | on my way to Hamburg to attend a ] trial before Rivera. lie said the in- \ formation had roachcd Ins neighbor- ? hood that the negro militia had ] threatened to lynch Thomas Butler t and Henry Gotzon it ihov were not , convicted, anu that several young t men hud gone in that direction. When nearing tho town I pent word to Mr. Robert Butler to meet v me in Hamburg, and give me the j fuets of the ease in which he w ished me to appear. Mr. Butler did meet * me in a abort time, and I there for the first time ascertained the character of fhe trouble. I had nothing wha'ever to do with ' tho matte'" np lo that lime?know ] uoimng u?l wuat i have stated. My business there was simply profee- ( sional: had nothing nbout inobut one , law book, and had no more idea of there being a collision than an niter j stranger. * ( 1 learned after reaching Hamburg , that Mr. Henry Spar nick, of Aik?>n, , was in town as the attorney of tho t colored militia, and sent for him with a view of arranging for tho trial, or ( IFAP t 1 M nr\ t>-? ? * ? ? * 1 avsmxi Hi I ullgUlIlUIll UUIWUCI1 the parties. Mr. Sparnick met me, and, I think, will do mo tho justice to say that my eaanest efTbi t was tu prcvout any further trouble, pos- L sible, and ho appoared equally anx- 1 ioufl. Mr. Robert Butler then interposed 1 and said to Mr. Sparnick that if these ' men would make acknowledgments ' for their abuse and maltreatment of j his son and sou in law, he would bo satisfied. I said nothing about any v apology myself. ? It was then proposed that wo hold y a conference with tho oflicers of the N I militia company and l'i ince Rivers. ? and 8co if wo could not adjust mat- c tors. 1 made t.iis proposition. Mr. * Sparnick assented, saying lie had in- 1 lluenco with tho negroes, and ho N thought we could arratigo it. lie : went otT, as I supposed, to biing his 1 clients, but did not return. Bam Sponcer, a negro man, came ' to Mr. Dam's store, whero I was with 1 Mr. llobort lintlor, his son and son ' in law,^nd said thai ho desired to 1 6eo mo privately. I at onoo went 8 into Mr. Dam's back room, llesaiil 1 ho was sorry to eeo so much excitement, and I expressed regrets at it. 1 when ho said that ho thought, inns- j( much as Trial Justico Hi vers was to j 1 hear thu case, ho would prefer not to 1 bo in tho conference. 1 agreed with | tho propriety ol that position, and ho 1 then said that tho officers ol J>.jc. \ Adams' militia company v.ould moot * mo, but did not liko to come to Air. I Dam's stoic, as there woto armed ; men there, but would meot mo at his i fSponcer'h) ollico it agreeable to me. i 1 said certainly 1 would meet them at j < ins oince, ana mono, it tlioy preforrcd. llo ilicn went oil", and did not ? rot urn. i ' Tlio time appointed lor tlio trial t * having arrived, I proceeded, with my clients, to the trial justice's office.? Rivers was not in, and aftor a time hie elerk wont tor him, and he opened his conrt. I inquired as a preliminary question whether he .$ 1 Bitting as a civil or military oflicer. IIo replied that that depended upon the facts, as they would be developed; I bat bo was then acting as a peace lmucwi . ijreunu kuu iliat 1 was lndit foront as to tlio charactor ot the court !\s wo only desired to arrive at tlio tacts, and inquired if tiio accused partios would be present, lie said hat lie did not know, but would have hem called, which his constable proceeded to do from the door.? (Vbonl this time Sam Spencer came n, and said to n o that he thought if lie trial could be suspended tho mat.cr could be settled. I replied that ic must sec tho trial justice, and il ic would suspend I had no objection. Whereupon Rivers announced the ;ase suspended tor ton minutes, and [ was invited l?V tlin intniulnnt fit1 till. own, a negro man namod Gardner, o tlio council chamber, for tlio purlose ot mooting tho militia oflicors of \dams'a company. I rcpairod at )iico to that I'lacc, and remained hero about n quarter of an hour.? Mobody appearing but Gardner, with iVlioin I had sunie talk aa to thu ncjeseity of something being speedily lone, and that 1 thought tho best loiuuon ot (lie matter was Unit these >oople shouUl deliver up their amis is u means ot so tling tlio present lilliculty ami a guarantee against a uture reeurroneo, lie paid he know lothing about it; and waiting, as 1 bought, long enough, i got in my >uggy and went over to Augusta on justness having no relation to the Llamburg mutter; and while there vas questioned by a number of peri ions us to tlio status ot affairs in llllinltlll'ir "'I""" I 1 w., vw n iiv/iii x i r jji iuu iii?it i bought a collision between the whites Mid black* imminent and likely to uko place. After despatching my business, I vas returning through Hamburg, on ny way to spend tlio night at Mr. [iobert Butler's, two milon in ti.o :ountry, ami letivo tvir lioino early lext morning. When about half way vci068 the bridge, I met a delegation )t'f?ur negroes?Pixley, Edwards, ajieneer and Sims?who stopped me, \nd said that, if 1 would go to Spender's ofHco, the ofileers ui tho militia would meet tno and endeavor to stop iho impending trouble. 1 nirreecii w # o 7 tvont directly to the appointed place, :iud waited there some twenty or Lliirtv minutes, Imt one of the ullicora, Utirtled^e, upbearing. Ho saiil lie would do all in liis power to induce ho ini 1 itiiv lo diaband and <^ivo u|> heir ^uiih, and I believe he did. Whilst i was in Augusta, a body >f men rode into the town (Hamburg) n 'tinted. I went around tbo street to look or Mr. Butler, and had not boon rone Ions? before 1 rppmvml o mmo. J ( O y " ~ - . v-M ? I 1 1 V.OO ige from Prince Rivers asking trie to nect him. I declined to do so, sayng tlmt wo had made about four up )ointment8, which wore observed by nyeclf only, ami that he inuet coino o mo. I, however, lid go to meet lim, and ho asked mo it' the men vould give 11 p their arms would I ^uaranteo uiesatety ol the town. I laid 1 have nothing whatever to do vith the town, and could givo no guarantees ot' any sort, as I had no lommand or authority, but would ay, as a citizen, that, in my judg- ! nent, if they would do that, there vould not be tlie slightest trouble', incl lie said that he thought tint. lgiit, juhi would go and advise thotn o (hut coureo. I.i iil;ont ton minu os lio report was circulated that the legroos rofused to give uj> their arms ind intended to fight. And a fow ninnies theroal'ter the fight did enne. The negroes were fortified in ht'ir drill in t?i inb Knil.li???? " mown us Sibley's corner, and they aisecl a yell and fired frotri the winIowa, which was responded to by ho whites, and a general firing took dace. Not a very great while after the iring began. Mr. McKio Merrivctber, a most estimable yonug man, vaa shot through the iiea I and killed. Sot a negro had then beo;i touched, mil Merriwether's death naturally . ...i .1. ~i i- - i -- 1 mil Milieu mi: jui u;ui\ uauiiuu urowu, i!id they wore undor the leadership >1 no one. During tho filing, some parties inknown to me brought over a piece >t artillery, ami lireel four or Jive iuioa at tlio building and returned. Tlio firing of tho negroee from thoir position then consod. I loft the crowd arresting tho negroes. How many were kill oil or how ihey wore killed , I do not know. This collision was ! tho culmination of tho systom of in-* : r?I . ? OUIIIII^ ?IIU Willi Uglily UI Tk'll 11U poopio which tlio nogroos iiaJ adapted thoro foro several years. Many things wcro done on this terrible night which, of coirrso, cannot ho justified, hut tho nogroos "fiOWftd tllO \ui ml ? <><m ?uvi IVIIJ'UU IIIU whirlwind." 1 did nut attempt to accomplish by force what I could not accomplish by peaeotul means. I was not the loader of this body of infuriated men. I win Micro in iho lino of my profession. The c >l-? lision was a sort oT spontaneous combustion. I thought 1 saw it approaching, and did all that any human being could bo expected to do to prevent it. I have no Objection to being saddled with whatever responsibility tail ly attaches to my conduct, but I have no idea of permitting newspaper reporters, for the sako of asenrsntionor any other purpose, presenting nig as tho loader of a mob, whon I was no more ihc leader and no inoio responsible than any other person who might have boon tliere in lne lino of Ilia ilni v M. C. 13utlkr. Laramie, July 17.?General Crook is still camped on Goose Creole, anil is in cxcollcnt fighting condition. (Jen. Morritt arrivod at Rawhide on llio 4th to cut. off 800 Indians, said to havo left lied Cloud. JIo expected to striko tho savages next day. The Refects of Ar.Coifor< on this 1>u aim.?Long boforo llio era of temporanco ordinancesunil organizations, Jlyrti, by fur tho groatost anatomist of the ago, used to suy thnt ho could distinguish, in tho darkest room, h.y ono stroko of the scalpel, tho brain of the incbriato from that of tho man w.usx k.xwl m 1 -1 ? - ?1 nu IKVU DUUUUJ, i>UW III1U UIU11 I1U would congralulato his class upon tbo possession of a drunkard's brnin, admirably fitted, from its bardnoss and more completo preservation, for tbo purpose of demonstration, When tbo j anatomist wishes to preserve a human brain for any length of timo, ho of? fects that object by keeping tho or* gan in a vessel of alcohol. From a soft, pulpy substance, it then becomos comparatively hard; and so, too, boforo death, the uso of alcohol causes tho induration of tho dclicnto and gossamer lil<o tissues. A Boston Boy on Fish.? Fifth livon in tho Atlantic Oconn, Buzzard's Bay and some in Charles River. Whon they arc small they arc codfish, horrin and sich; when they grow up thoy arc Whales. Whales arc very useluli they sometimes swaller a whole ship and all tho crow. Tho fat of whales is bilcd out and mado inter kerosono oil for tras liuht. Their hones is mado inter Whalohono for ivoiy piano keys and dominos, also for horn handles and jack knives. 1 wish a whalo would s waller my school and all tho teachers. Fish is always eat Friday, I hate fish; thcro is too many hones to pick out when' you cat 'em. I rulhor oat a paper of pinn fried in lard. A wlialo could lick all llio boys in tho Harvard (iiainmor School.? Could lick thunder out o( 'cm and mako 'om look sick, and don't yoil forgot it. It is said that a Hindoo weaver has invented "a sort of loom by which ho can sew coats and pantaloons, and all ot 111 > r ili'riaunu vi* 11 ii'ii vm1 " nnil flin procoAS by which this is doiio is thus described by n person who has per-? sonally inspected tho invention: "At Hist ho cuts tho cloth into shapes and puts thoso into his loom; and they como out well sowed, ami tho seams aro quite unperecivablo, unless we touch them bv our hands; and they aro liUo tliick thre.\d8. Tho clothes aro sooner and better sewed than by tho sewing ma-* chinos." Violent oxerciso in always hurtful. It is stoiuly, persistent work, which brings roses to (lie check, ftoundncsn to llio sleep and appetite to the slomt nch,