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A7 A Family Companion, Devoted to Literature, Miscellany, News, Agriculture, Markets, &c. o. xvII. NEWBERRY, S. C., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1881. No. 48. THE HERALD IS PUBLISHED ~VSRY THURSDAY MOI~NING, A~ !Iewberry, 8. C. BY FI1O~. F. GBKNRKRR, Editor and Proprietor. TeinsS, *2.00 per Juui~u1n, invariably Ia Advance. (Yin The paper Is stopped at the expiration 01 time for ~hiChjt~SP5id. W?' The X mark denotes cxp~ratiou of sub eription. .WiseeibnteohI$. A TRIAL OPi~kIL Bh1TIUOflE~> I WILL CLEARLY SUBSTANTIATE SIX ESPECIAL POINTS OF EXCELLENCE. 1st-It Is the-easiest T13.TlIihlg press made~ 2nd-It is as Strono- as any press made. ~rd-It is the most Durable press made (tb-It'wlfl do as good work as any prep made. ~th-It will take lees to keep It In repair * than any press made. Bth-.{Last- but not least) It costs lees than any ~rst-c1ztss press made. ALL SLZE PRESSES, TYPE, ~Ld PRINTERS' SUPPLIES - Catalogue Pree. ~U.T. "Win'. ~ 21 GERMAN ST4., * BALTIMORE. * ZMPLOTMENT * FOR ALL. ~I'~jj A HOUSEHOLD ARTICLE ~HK poor as well as the rich, the old as - I- well as the young, the wife as well as t~husband, the young maiden as well as tbeyoung man the girl as well as the boy, - may just as weh earn ~xew dollars in bon ent, as to sit around the house to earn it for them. We employment, all the time, or during your spare hours only; traveling, or in- your own neihborhood, among your friends and acquaintances. If you do not impart valna ~ cam It will - CO~7(*i only. one cent for a Postal card to write for our Prospectus, and it may be the means otn.akIug~on a good many dollars. Do not neglect Is opportuniW. You do not have to invests large sum of money. a~id ruin a great risk 01 losing ~t. You will rea~ii1y see that It will be an easy matte~tn .m*e from $10 to $100 a week, and establish a lucrative, and independent business, lion *orable.. strsightforward and profitable. At teu&tothis matter NO W,for there is MONEY. IN IT for ail who engage with us. We will surprise you and you will wonder why you never wrote to us before. Ws SEM) FULL PkETICULLRS PEEL Address BUCKEYE M'F'G CO. (Name this paper.) M~xoN, OHIO. * Sep 21, 3S -6m. PATENTS. F. A. Lehman, Sollcitor of American and ?or~lga Patents, Washington, D. C. All -, -business connected with Patents, whether betore the Patent Office or the. 4~ourt5, promptly attended to. No charge made un less a patent is secured. Send for circular. Sep. 51, 3S-tf.w.l. KI~W ROADS. Notice is hereby given that ~he County Commissioners of Newberry County, S. C., wit, unless legal oijecdon thereto be made, aft-er tue e~piraLiOfl of three months frois this date, open and declare public a road runr,i~z froi'~ Lvle~' Ford, in said County, 1'y toe resi,!er;CCS of B. P. Ano-btrv and J. Madison Sber to iLsju1c~.jOU with the Colunabia Road about one-half mile North oi* Ht~der~on's Ferry. Also another road leading from Lyles' Ford by the residences ofBezaawu. Hancock, Mrs.- Alk-os, J. C. Richards -~od Mrs. C. Hardy to the Public Road leading to (jOr don's Ferry at a point near the residence of W. D. flirdy, (the sime being a road now open rind used as a neighborhood road.) F. WERBEIt, JR, Sep. 14, ~7-3rn. Clerk C. C. N. C'-. Election is Over. Now go and hear the votes coanted at CLARK'S GALLERY, where the finest Art Works that have ever been exhibited in Newberry, are on exhibition. And while there sit 1~r your picture, and take to your homes some of their superior photographs. We warn you that delays are dangerous: go ere it is too late. ,..~. Mr. XV. H. Clank feels confident, after an eiperience of fifteen years, that he can produce a class of work that will please and give perfect satisfaction. Oopyug ~old pictures and enlArging to any desired side, also reducing to the smallest, a specialty. For style and quality of work, refers to the editor of this paper. CLARK BRO'S. - . Nov. 10, 46-tf. STATE OF SOUTh CAROLINA, * NEWBERRY COUNTY. By Jacob B. Fellers, Probate Judge. Whereas, Ebenezer P. Chalmers, Clerk ~if Court, bath made suit to me, to grant him Letters of Administration of the Estate and effects of Elizabeth A. Sli~'b deceased. * These are, therefore, To cite and adwon * i~b all and singular the kindred and credit ors of the said deceased, that they be and appeal, before' me, in the Court of Probate, ~ l~ held at Newhcrry Court House, on the 21st day of December next, after publi. cation hereof, at 11 o'clock in .tbe forenoon, - Clothing.1 TIENE%VBERRF 7 RIGH & J. 1OPP K. FILL AND WINTER S1,1TS In all Grades, And All Prices. SPECIALTY IN Undergarments of all kinds SUCH AS A beautiful assortmeiit of Cravats, Collars, Suspenders, &c. HATS H IATS! HIATS! In Strmw. Felt and Silk, all colors and styles, and very h:and.on,e Gendlemen's and Youths' Shoes TRUlB8S, VALISES, VMBRE-A S, WALKING CANES. In short every article usualy kept in a first e1:ts Clothing Sture, at living prices. An examination of our soek is respect ally solicited. We guarantee satisf-retion in all goods sold. WRIGHT & J. W. COPPOCK. May 4, 18-tf. Dr edt Grceries, ac. A FREE SHOW! I have now oper.ed my sa,ail but well seleced stock of f oods and Gtoucries! Bacon, Meal, Flour, Lard, Molasses, Sug.tr, Coffee, Rice, Salt, Mackerel in cans and barrels, Canned Goods of all descriptions, Candy, Crackers, Cakes, Cheese, Raisins, Apples, Oranges, &c., &c., &c. CROCIERY and GLASSWARE, UNIELLED IN PRICE. ALSo,. B.ots an-l 1 hoes, H"ats and C:a ps. Reda Tick in', Shiriing, Printsa, Jeans, Homnespuns, Ho.-iery and Notions. I HAVE AI.so ON IIasf, Eerosene~ 0i'. 90ar, Sare-h. Lye, Spices, Cai.dles, To,bacco, Segatrs, And a large lot of Pipes. My stock is small, as my means are lim [ted ; but small profits and quick sales is y motto, and business is what I mean. I uy cheap and intend to sell cheap, having o rent tO pay and no 1derks to hire. I ive at borne and board at the same place. 3me and give me a call, and I guarantee satisfaction. Again I announce this FREE SHOW! My son. D. A. RUSSELL, is with me and wilt'politely wait on any who may give me Scal!, and will take great pleasure i: show ing anv and all of may goods. and will make icsto suit if possible- I will be found on Prat.t Street, between M. Foot's est.ab ihient and the Depot. Respectful-y, J. S. RUSSELL. Nov. 3, 44-3m. MAKING~ ROOM -FOR FALL GOODS! GREAT BARGAINS For the Next 60 Days! We will have on exhjibiuion ai well select ed stock of DRY GOODS, CLOTfJING, NOTIONS, H ATS, &c.. &c., Which will be sold AT AND BE Low COST. You will also find a large lot of choice FLOUR, RIE, MEAL, GRI, SUGAR, COFFEE, TE A, HAMS, SHOULDERS, BREAKFAST STRIPS OANED GOODS, CNFFCTIONERIES, TOBAC00, CIGARS, WuILOW WARE, CUT LEIRY, &c., &c., And in fact everything usu div kept in a iirst-claas Village Store. Come and see for ouef.Respectfully, JOHN R. NORRIS, Agt. Aug. 24, 34-ly. THE PENNINGTON HOUJSE, (Formerly the Mansion House,) NEWBRRY,S.C. JRN M. PENNINGTON, Proprietor. This popular and conveniently located house has been opened by the present Pro prietor, who will spare nao pains to make bis guests comfortable. WiLh rooms large, airy, clean and well furnished, a table sup plied with the best that can be had, polite and ready attention on the part of his ser Ivants he feels assured of giving satisfaction. Terms, $1 per Day; $12.50 per Month. . liascellaneous. TUT T'S PILLS INDORSED BY PHYSICIANS, CLERGYMEN, AND TH9 AFFLICTED EVERYWHERE. THE GREATEST MEDICAL TRIUMPH OF THE AGE. SYMPTOMS OF A TORPID LIVER. Lossofappetite,Nausea,bowels costive, pain inheead witha dusensation in e back part, Pain under the shoulder e, fu ess after eating, with a disin 'on to exertion of body or min irritability of temper, Low spirits, Loss of memory, with a feelim _ngay - rted e t~~~weariness, in PEttering o? the e ots beore e eyes, Yellow Skin, Headache, Restless ness at night highly coloredUrine. fl TKESE WAENINGSAREURHEEIED, SERIOUS DISEASES WILL SOON BE DEVELOPED. TI'UTS pji,,$are especially adapted to such cases,one dose effects suchachange pf feeling as to astonish the suferer. They Increase the Appetite, and cause the body *to Take on Fiesb, thus the system is no.ar ne4td Ily theirTonIc Aetionon the u Pie ?cnta u ryS. TUT T'S HAIR DYE, GRAY HAM orWHIsKES changed to a GossY B.ac$ by a single application of this DYE. It imparts a natural color, acts Instantaneously. Sold by Druggists, or sent by express on receipt of $1. ODfflce, 35 Murray St., New York. (y. TE"IEANUAL of Valable IsfbrmatSa and Un ailed FWE oa appkatlos. 0OSTETTERt CELEBRATED E N ly STOMACH In Hosts of Families ETostetter's Stomach Bitters is as much re garded .4 a household riecessity as sugar rcoffie. ~Thd eappn of this is that years of experience have pro,ved it [o jbs per fectly reliable in those cases of einerg c where a prompt and convenient remey Is demanded. Constipation, liver compli nt, dyspepsia, indigestion and other troubles are overcome by it. For sale by D)raggists and Dealers, to whom apply for ilostetter's Almanac for 1882. THE SUN. N1EW YORK, 1882. TrE SUN tor 1882 will make its fifteenUi annual revolution under the present man gement, s"iining, as always, for all, big and ittle, mean an dgracious, contented and uaappy, Reublicanf and Democratic, de praed and virtuous, intelligent and ob tuse. THE SUN's light is for mankind and woankind of every sort; but its genial armth is for the good, while it pours hot discomfort onl the blistering backs of the >ersitently wicked. THE SUN of 1868 was a newspaper of a new kind, it discarded many of the forms, and , multitude ot th~e superfluons words and phrases of ancient 'ournalisml. It under took to report in a rlesh, sucemnut, un~con rentional way all the news of the world, mitting no event ot human interest, and ommenting upon affairs with the fearless ness of absolute independence. The Suc ess of this experiment was the success of 'HE SUN. It effected a permanent change in the style of Amiericanl newspapers. Every mportant journal established in this conn try in the dozen years past has been mod eliedl after TirE SUs. Every important journal modifid gund bettered by the force f THE SUN's example. THE SUN of 1882 will be the same out spoken, truth-telling, andl interesting news ya . liberal use of the means which an abundani prosperity affords, we shall make it better than ever before. We shall print all the news putting.it into reaable shape, and measuring its impor nce, not by the traditional yardstick, but by its real interest to the people. Distance from Printing House Square is not the first consideration with THE SUN. Whenever nything happens worth reporting we get tle particulars, whether it happens in Brooklyn or in Bokhara. In p)olitics we have decided opinions; and are accustomed to express them in lan guage that can be understood. We say what we think about men and events. That habit is the only secret of THE SUN'S politi ca course. THE WEEKLY SUN gathers into eight pages the best matter ot the seven daily issues. An A gricultural Department ox unequalled merit, full market reports, and a liberal proportion of literary, scientific, and do mestic intelligence complete THE WEEKLY SUN, and make it the best newspaper for the farmer's household that was ever print Who does not know and read and like THE SUNDAY SUN, each number of which is a Goleonda of interesting literature, with the best poetry of the (day, prose every line worth reading, news, humor - mattex enough to fill a good-sized book, and in. fntely more varied and enter taining than an book, big or little ! I~f our idea of what a newspaper should be pleases you, send for TH E SUN. Our terms are as follows: For the daily SUN, a four-page sheet 01 twent-ight columns, the price by mail, post paid, is 55 cents a month, or $6.50 a.year; or including the Sunday paper, an eight-page sheet ot fifly-six colun s, the price is 6! cents per month, or $7.70 a year, postage Te Sunday edition of THE SUN is alsC furnished separately at $l.20 a year, post ah pirice of the WEEKLY SUN, eighi paesfy.i coin ns is.$ ai ear ,pOsta send an extra copy free. Address. I- W-. ENGLAND, Publisher of THE SUN, New York City. Nov. 24, 47-6t. LIERIY ST1BLE NOTIHE Having leased the Livery Stables fron Mr. H. H. Blease, the subscribers taki pleasure in in.formiing the public that thea will keep FIRST CL ASS LIVERY, FEED AND S A LE ST ABL ES, Where they will be ahle to accommodat all who favor them with their patronage. MYERs & DICKERT Ot. 5, 40--4m. Vottrn. II E SILVER IJNING. Th':re's never a day so sanny But at little cloud appears; There's never a tife so happy But has its time of tears; . Yet the sun shines out the brighter Whenever the tempest clears. There's never a garden growing With roses in every plot; There's never a heart so hardened But it has one tender spot; We have only to pune the border To find thefurget-me-not. There's never a sun that rises But we know 'twill set at night; The tints that gleam in the morning At evening are just as bright; And the hour that is the sweetest Is between the dark and light. There's never a dream so happy But the waking makes us sad; There's never a dream of sorrow But the waking makes as glad; We shall look some day with wonder At the troubles we have had. LOOSE IDEAS ON A THREAD BARE TOPIC. Not many years ago the man wbo mentioned a woman's name lightly, or mentioned it at all when only other men were pre sent, was accounted a blackguard, and usually found himself in trou ble. Now it is quite fashionable for the names of young and old women of any state or station to be handled by every man, boy qnd nondescript who happens to know it, with a freedom that is enough to raise the hair on the bead of one accustomed to the former methods of thought and conduct. Nothing seems to be a safeguard against this flippancy. Purity and elevation of character or rank count for nothing, and men who should be gentlemen dis cnss their lady friends and acquain tances in bar rooms, or at smok ing, or card parties just as they do any other topic. This is demoralig.ing and wrong in every way. Too much reve rence cannot be shown a good wo man and her name, and every departure from the profound re spect due both is a long step to. wards barbarism and a blow at the very foundation of civilized society. Treating a name disre spectfully, or lightly, leads nat urally to similar conduct towards the person who wears it. Aside from the abstract princi ple, every man has a personal in terest in resenting and discour aging any attempt to introduce the name of any respectable wo man where it will not be regard ed as sacred, for common sense teaches that his sister, mother or wife will be the next topic when is back is turned, and what may be said depends upon the com parative brainlessness, reckless ness or malice of the nex t speaker. There are men who will coolly, slander a woman whben it is safe to do so and the audience is kind, and unfortunately instead of be ing hanged or horse.whipped, and ignored by every decent man, they too frequently receive the encouragem'ent of a hearing. Any and every community would be fifty per cent. more peaceful, pure andhappy if every such beast were run out of it. A man can not honor himself more than by doing onor to women, and vindicating them promptly, effectively and forcibly on all occasions and in all companies where it becomes necessary. It can not, be denied that wo men themselves-especially those of the younger generations-are responsible, in a great measure, for the prevalent lack of reverence for i.hem. They fail to exact the respeOct that is seemly and right, and forget what is due them. They are too ready to believe the modern heresy that puts the sexes on the same plane, and to waive the rights given them by real civ ilization. They forget that there is a broad and safe medium be tween prudery and license, and voluntarily abdicate the high po sition whbich true manboud ta, as signed themi to hold. Whbeun we conme back to the safe rule that the muan who hanidies a wman's name lightly or miali. ciously is as much of a co w'ard and ruffian as he who strikes her person ; and when women them selves exact the most profound respect to them and the utmost decorum in their presence, we will be much nearer an ideal civ ilization, and much more in har mony with Southern traditions and the Southern ideas that have glorified and ennobled the South Message of Johnson Hagood. Governor of South Carolina, to the General Assembly,, Delivered Wednesday, November 23, 1881. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. E(XECUTIVE CiAMBER, CoLUMBIA, Nuve ii bur 22, 18' 1. Senators and Represenatives It is by the fundamental law made the duty of the Gouvernuor to give to the General Assembly information of the condition of the State and re commend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary or expedient. THE PUBLIC DEBT. There is no floating debt. The debt funded and being funded is $6,642,321. This is an increase of a little over 83,000 upon the amount re ported last year, and arises from the time having been extended by l?gis lative action for the funding of cer tain small parcels of bills of the Bank of the State, which had not reaehed the Treasury within the time pre. scribed for funding the same. Of the pub'ic debt, the scrip of the Agricultural College, amount ing to $191800, is a permanent investment, the defeiencv bonds and stocks, au.ounting to $562.577, mature in 1888, and consols amount ing to $5,887,944 mature in 1893. The whole debt bears interest at 6 per cent. The Board of Commissioners of the Sinking Fund have had during the past year in their hands applicable to the retirement of the debt $27,098. Of this amount, they have only been able to invest in State securities at par, exclusive of accrued interest, $3,970. There is, therefore, rerjain ing in their hands at this date $23, 128; and legislative instructico is needed as to the disposition of this balance, as well as to the disposition of the sums hereafter to accrue for the same purpose. It seems probable that the market value of the State sEcuri ties will continue above par, which, under the present regulations, the board have regarded as the maximum price they were warranted in paying. Interest upon the debt is pa;rabe before the taxes levied to meet :it are fully collected. To avoid subjecting any of the public creditors to delay in receiving their dues, the last General Assembly authorized the Governor and Treasurer to anticipate the collec ion of taxes as far as necessary for this p irpose by a temporary loan The liberal action of the different banks of the deposit in permitting ver-drafts and requiring interest up on each only from date prevented the necessity of these officers borrowing the full amount necessary at one time and keeping it on hand until fully paid out. The interest paid by the State Ilpon this loan amotinted to $712.26. Authority to contract a oan for a similar purpose will be ne essary for the ensuing year, or pro. ision should be made for an earlier ollection of taxes. Tbe interest is now payable in New York and Columbia. It should also be payable in Charleston; and it is frther desirable to adopt, as to both >onsol and deficiency stocks, the plan f the United States government with regard to its registered bonds and stocks; upon the holder furnishing the Treasury with his postoffice ad dress the interest due is forwarded to him upon each January and July. There are also certain minor regula tions of the Treasury which imnpede rather than advance the, public busi ness. These are the requirements not only of receipts, but duplicate receipts, upon payment of coupons, interest or ders and warrants, notwithstanding these vouchers are given up and can elled at the same time, and the mak ing of the Governor's endorsement of the Treasurer's check upon the bank of deposit necessary before the public creditor can receive the money due him. These regulations are the result of law; their abolition or amendment is respectfully commended to your at tention. In my observation it is also desirable that the Treasurer's contin gent fund should be increased by a small-amount to enable him to employ, temporarily, extra clerical force at the periods of payment of interest. The promptness of the payment of interest, as well as every facility given to its collection, enhances the value of a security, and it is the obvious interest of the State to place and keep its se curities upon the highest plane. When our debt matures, as it speedily will do, the wisdom of this course will, I am persuaded, be realized in the re - funding of the debt upon the most favorable terms. ,The consol bonds beiar upon their face the con tract of the State to receive the coupons of the- samie in payment of taxes, and this undoubtedly adds to their value. The Brown consols have been inued in' lieu of such Green consols as have been presented for conversion, and are, in all cases, worth their face value. The coupons from these can be, and are, received at the tax table. The Green consols out standing are tainted, more or less, with an invalidity which has been estab lished by the Cour ts, and is acquiesced! in by the holder- The coupons from these cannot therefore be received byI the Tax Collector, but are presentedI and paid at the State Treasury, where~ access to the regitry permits the amount of invalidity in each coupon to be ascertained. This entails a se rious amount of labor upon the Treasu ry, and it is desirtble in the interest of the State and of the creditor that tl-e Green consuls should, at as early a date as practicable. be all converted int-> irowu consols. This process is going on -teadily, but not as rap;dly as the mutual interest of the parties would seem to warrant. It is worthy i your considerutior, whether this should not be hastened by some action on the part of the General Assembly, giving notice that interest, after a date to be fixed, will be paid only upon Brown cunsols. REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES. The revenues of the State for cur rent expenditures are derived from phosphate royalty and the general tax. In the last year the royalty paid into the State Treasury has exceeded any previous year, amounting to $121,541, and it is probable that the improved condition of that interest will continue. I beg to call your attention to the well considered and valuable report upon this subject of the special assistant, Mr. E. L. Roche, forwarded with the annual report of the Commissioner of Agricultetre. The report of the Comp troller General, to be submitted to you, will show that the usual and or. dinary expenses of the State govern went nut defrayed by the phosphate royalty can be wet by a tax levy of but 1 4-10 ti,ills on the dollar. The levy for iuterest on the public debt, 2 5-10 wills, is to be added, th; s r;aking a geue:al taz levy of 3 9 10 mills. When these revenues reach the Treas ury they are disbursed in every case under the sanction of your appropria tion by heavily bonded officers, with elaborately provided checks one upon the other, and a monthly exhibit is made in the public press of their transactions. You will permit me to again call your attention to the singu lar contrast in the management of the County finances. The taxes collected and disbursed in the Counties are the constitutioual school tax of 2 mills, the ordinary County tax of 3 wills, and in many cases extraordinary taxes for railroads or other County improve ments, the total being considerably in excess of the amount that reaches the State Treasury. The County Treasu rer collects and retains in his hands these County funds, and is, in regard to their disbursement, merely the cashier of the County Commissioners. [n his annual accounting beforp the County Auditor the order of the County Commissioners drawn in ac ,rdance with the forms of law, is hi. sufficient voucher. Upon the County Commissioners rests the responsibility of the faithful and judicious expenditure of the fund ; and they are practically subjected to little or no supervision. It is true they are required by law to report to the Comptroller General a detailed account of their transactions to be laid before the General Assembly, and it is the theory of the law. For the present year but seven of the Counties have forwarded their accounts in time to be printed with the Comnp troler's report. Others will perhaps be laid before you in manuscript dur ing your session, and others will not reach you at all. The General As sembly does not, and necessarily can not, efficiently discharge the duty im posed, neither can any central State auditing officer, should the duty be transferred to him. Your experience and judgment will find the proper remedy. There can be no more effE ient supervision of the management of public funds than that by those of he locality in which they are con tributed and in which they are ex pended. I renew the suggestion that the grand juries of the respective Counties be charged with the duty of examining and auditing the ac counts of the County Commissioners, and these accounts be published in detail in the County press for a suffi cient time before the session of the court to bring them fully to the at tention of the taxpayers- The Com. issioners should afterwards forward these accounts to the Comptroller Gen eral, to be by him, embodied in his an nual report as statistical information, and they should still be required, as now, to submit to the General Assem bly estimates of supplies upon which to base the annual County levy. THlE PENITENTIARY. There can be little doubt that the most desirable management of a peni tetiary is that in which the inmates are kept within its wails, and employed in industries which would at least make them self-sustaining. Th epenal and reformatory discipline which should adhere to the institution, as well as considerations of health and humane treatment, wouldI be thus best subserved The present Board of Directors have kept this leading idea steadily in view, and have made con siderable progress in that direction. For the present, however, and for some time to come, unless the mnain tenance of the convicts is to be a charge upon the public treasury, the employment of a portion of them be yond the walls is a necessity. In this event they must be utilized by the State engaging in enterprises which would profitably employ them, or they must be leased to private contractors for private or public works. The first does not commend itself to me, and when t:r,e for the hast t wo vears upon the large penitentiary plantation below Columbia, has not proved a marked success. The plan of lEasing the con victs has also been tried. There have been undoubted evils connected with it, most of which exTerience h.;s eliw inated ; an:d this system: in my judL - went is the best th:t "ters itself. Mdy attention has been ei,seiv given to its wurking, and my conclusions upon the t subject have the strength of convie tions. YoU will permit me briefly to state them. The convicts shculd not be leased in small numbers to any one contrae tor or for work that necessarily shifts - from locality to locality; and the overseers and guards in ebarge of thema : should be appointed and paid by the Penitentiary authorities. These pro- p visions, together with the frequent iuspeetions now directed to be made, and the summary power of recall now u vested in these authorities by law, will z Make the leasing of the convicts liable to but few objections. n When the work shifts fron locality to locality, barracks and stockades, in which security, health, humanity and L discipline may be at once consulted, t. are not, and from considerations of it economy, cannot be erected fur the t; temporary use which is alone required. g When the work is stationary. the .o number of convicts sufficiently large t and the time of the lease long enough t to warrant it, there is no reason why structures, to be approved by the d Board of Directors, should not be !i erected by the contractor, in which si the requirements of health, security b and -humane discipline should be as h fully consulted as in the Penitentiary b itself. t The annual report of the Board of a Directors and Superintendent of this s, institution to be submitted to you o akes a most grratifying financial ex- a hibit. The entire appropriation of w the last session for the maintenance of ti the Penitentiary, for continuance of a work on prison wall and for the pro- it tection against fire, $23,000 in all, remains undrawn in the State Treasu ry, and is applicable ,o such other pur- a poses as you shall direct. The insti- r tution has for the first time in its y history from its earnings sustained g itself and wade necessary permanent w improvements; is free from debt and ti has to its credit a cash balance to be s, carried forward to next year This p awounts to the sum of $15,000, and p I am convinced can be quadrupled s each year if the institution continues t to be managed upon the business prin. iples upon which it is now conducted ': This cannot be done, however, unless p the Directors are permitted to obtain s< the market value of the convict labor, t< and if they are hampered by special y legislation, donating any portion of e this labor to enterprises which, how- r ever commendable, are more or less F local in their character. When such p enterprises are deemed of sufficient a general importance to warrant public ti subsidy, let it be done directly, and eo S nomine, and the act stand upon its t merits. It seems to me that such tl profits as may be had from the labor C of our crinminal population should ei ther go into the treasury to lighten I the burthen of the general taxes, or, b, if it find special appropriation, that it b should supplement the fund for edu- a cation whose benefits enure to all and h whose results decrease crime itself. a It gives me pleasure to be able to t bear testimony to the effieient dis- o charge of duty by the Superintendent t of the Penitentiary and his subordi- I nate officers. THE LUNATIC ASYLUM.h The aggregate current expenses of I the State last year for all purposes., except interest, was $354,739 ; and of this $107,164 was expended upon the e Lunatic Asylum, being a little more u than one third of the whole amount. 2 The number of inmates during the I fiscal year was 490 ; and in the fact 11 that but twenty-six of this number f were supported by friends, and that v the remainder were charged to the r State as indigent poor, is found the explanation of this heavy expenditure. There cannot be on the part of any I one a desire to limit the benefits of p this noble charity ; but it should be limited to .its purpose and remain a v charity. The pauper alone should re ceive the bounty of the State ; those t who are able to pay in whoIe or in I part for the benefits of the institution C should be required to do so ; and its il proper share of usefulness should not p be limited by incuwbering it with in- s mates not properly within the pur- c view of its establishment. In this e connection I commend to your earnest e consideration the report of the Super- a intendent of the Asylum. The rem-) e edv he suggests will undoubtedly cor- f ret the evil. It is to return to the 1 mode prevailing before the war, and 6 to require each County to supporta those whom its officials send as pau pers to the institution. This is en- s tirely consistent with the scheme of c our p)oor laws. The County levies the f fund for the maintenance of its sane paupers, and it is expended under local supervision. It should also levy I a tax and retain supervision of the- I fund applicable to the support of these more unfortunate persons among its t indigent population. The part of the c State should be limited to appropria tions for the salaries of officers and the general purpose of buildings andc repairs. The report of the Superin tendent also with much force dwells upn the existing modes of commit- f ADVERTISING RATES. A 1vertiseinenlts inserted at the rate 0I ~l 00 per square (one inch) for first insertion: wni 7.5 cents for eachi subsequent insertior. .)n,tie column advertisements ten per cei:t. )n above. \o,:ices of mectings, obituaries- and tribm(!es itrespec-, same rates ner square as ordinaiy t-ii'ertisemecnts. Spe"i:;l Notices in Local column 1.5 cent ,er lir,e. Adver:isc mernts not marked with the nun; ier of insertions w;t 1.r" kept in till forbid nd charged accordingly. Special ('onlt-.cLts made with large adver ist-r,. t.sit l !ilwral deductions on above ratrs -:0 JOil PRIA'TIXG' )O)NE WITH NEATNESS AND DIS11ATCH TERMS CASH. cuet of patients and necessity of a evisiou of the lut, .._} laws His sur etions5 are entitled to the -veight of owing from one who has made the ubject a study, and has excited iuch ability in the discharge of-his pccial duties. T'he Asylntu under its present , t; ,_eent, i , sccuriug, all that per aus to its he,..efieent objects, I am appy to 1),iit ve, eo:npares favorably ,ith sii,r i-i;utions elsewhere. DEI'AFtTdENT OF AGRICU7LTURE. The lately iu_,tituted Department of t,ricu!ture has during the past year nderrakeu very fully~ the duties in trusted u~ it, anid gives promise of tkiug a place in the development of ae State bcyoeed what was antici ated when it was established. The ~port or the Coniwissioner, to be ibmritted to you, exhibits the extent f the duties imposed by him, and the :al with which they have been dis barged. I have' myself had occasion observe the intelligent and earnest ffurt given by the Board to their .urk. No part of the work of this )epartmenit is more worthy of notice iau that devuted to the promotion of nwig~ration. In the short time since "is effurt was inaugurated 534 immi rants have been introduced into and